UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008

 

Commission file number 0-50765

 

VILLAGE BANK AND TRUST FINANCIAL CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

Issuer’s telephone number 804-897-3900

 

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

 

 

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:

None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No x

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o No  x

The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2008 was approximately $18,916,000.

 

The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of March 10, 2009 was 4,229,372.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement to be used in conjunction with the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

 

Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp.

Form 10-K

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

PART I

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

General

 

Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp. (the “Company”) was incorporated in January 2003 and was organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia as a bank holding company whose activities consist of investment in its wholly-owned subsidiary, Village Bank (the “Bank”). The Bank opened to the public on December 13, 1999 as a traditional community bank offering deposit and loan services to individuals and businesses in the Richmond, Virginia metropolitan area. During 2003, the Company acquired or formed three wholly owned subsidiaries of the Bank, Village Bank Mortgage Corporation (“Village Bank Mortgage”), a full service mortgage banking company, Village Insurance Agency, Inc. (“Village Insurance”), a full service property and casualty insurance agency, and Village Financial Services Corporation (“Village Financial Services”), a financial services company.

 

The Company is the holding company of and successor to the Bank. Effective April 30, 2004, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of the Bank in a statutory share exchange transaction. In the transaction, the shares of the Bank’s common stock were exchanged for shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $4.00 per share (“Common Stock”), on a one-for-one basis. As a result, the Bank became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, the Company became the holding company for the Bank and the shareholders of the Bank became shareholders of the Company. All references to the Company in this annual report for dates or periods prior to April 30, 2004 are references to the Bank.

 

We offer a wide range of banking and related financial services, including checking, savings, certificates of deposit and other depository services, and commercial, real estate and consumer loans. We are a community-oriented and locally managed financial institution focusing on providing a high level of responsive and personalized services to our customers, delivered in the context of a strong direct relationship with our customers. We conduct our operations from our main office/corporate headquarters location in Chesterfield County, and we have fifteen branch offices.

 

On October 14, 2008, Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp. and Village Bank completed its merger with River City Bank pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization and Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) dated as of March 9, 2008 by and among the Company, the Bank and River City Bank. The merger had previously been approved by both companies’ shareholders at their respective annual meetings on September 30, 2008 as well as the banking regulators. The Merger Agreement sets forth the terms and conditions of the Company’s merger with River City Bank through the merger of River City Bank with and into Village Bank. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Village Bank acquired all of the outstanding shares of River City Bank. The shareholders of River City Bank received, for each share of River City Bank common stock that they owned immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, either $11 per share in cash or one share of common stock of the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, shareholders of River City Bank elected to receive cash, shares of common stock of the Company, or a combination of both, subject to allocation and proration procedures which ensured that 20% of the total merger consideration was in cash and 80% was in common stock of the Company. In addition, at the effective time of the merger, each outstanding option to purchase shares of River City Bank common stock under any stock plans vested pursuant to its terms and was converted into an option to acquire the number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to the number of shares of River City Bank common stock underlying the option. The Company issued approximately 1,440,000 shares in the Merger.

 

Business Strategy

 

Our strategies include the following:

 

 

relationships with our customers.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Our officers, employees and the directors live and work in our market area. We believe that the existing and future banking market in our community represents an opportunity for locally owned and locally managed community banks. In view of the continuing trend in the financial services industry toward consolidation into larger, sometimes impersonal, statewide, regional and national institutions, the market exists for the personal and customized financial services that an independent, locally owned bank with local decision making can offer. With the flexibility of our smaller size and through an emphasis on relationship banking, including personal attention and service, we can be more responsive to the individual needs of our customers than our larger competitors. As a community oriented and locally managed institution, we make most of our loans in our community and can tailor our services to meet the banking and financial needs of our customers who live and do business in our market.

 

We provide customers with high quality, responsive and technologically advanced banking services. These services include loans that are priced on a deposit-based relationship, easy access to our decision makers, and quick and innovative action necessary to meet a customer’s banking needs.

 

Location and Market Area

 

Our strategy is to become the premier financial institution serving the Richmond metropolitan area. We recognized early on that to be successful with this strategy, we needed to grow aggressively, expanding our branch network to reach the most people possible. Initially, we focused our operations in Chesterfield County, Virginia, which, despite its potential for business development and population growth, has been underserved by community banks. Chesterfield’s resources are very favorable for businesses seeking a profitable and stable environment. The county offers superb commercial and industrial sites, an educated work force, well-designed and developed infrastructure and a competitive tax structure. Chesterfield has been awarded the U.S. Senate Gold Medallion for Productivity and Quality. The county has the highest bond rating from three rating agencies - Standard and Poors, Moody’s and Fitch.

 

Once we established a strong banking presence in the lucrative Chesterfield County market with eight branches, we continued the implementation of our strategy by expanding our franchise into other counties in the Richmond Metropolitan area. In addition to Chesterfield County, we have now opened three branches in both Hanover and Henrico Counties and one in Powhatan County, all three along with Chesterfield have seen strong population growth in recent years. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the 2000 population of Chesterfield County was 259,903, compared to 209,274 in 1990. The number of households in Chesterfield County climbed from 73,441 in 1990 to 93,772 in 2000. The projected figures for 2010 are a population of 319,000 in 117,500 households. The 2000 population of Henrico County was 262,300 compared to 217,849 in 1990. The number of households in 2000 was 108,121 compared to 89,138 in 1990. The projected figures for Henrico County for 2010 are a population of 291,000 in 122,900 households. The 2000 population of Hanover County was 86,320 compared to 63,306 in 1990. The projected figures for Hanover County for 2010 are a population of 106,000. The number of households was 32,196 compared to 23,727 in 1990. These population figures place Henrico and Chesterfield, respectively, as the largest two counties in central Virginia and the third and fourth largest counties in the state. Powhatan County, though not as populous as Henrico and Chesterfield, had a population of 22,377 and household units of 7,509 in 2000, and an estimated population of 27,649 in 2006. As Chesterfield County has grown and matured, Powhatan has become the county for growth moving west.

 

Residential growth in Chesterfield, Henrico, Hanover and Powhatan Counties remains strong. For the four quarters ended September 30, 2008, Chesterfield County issued 2,233 permits for new single-family homes, Henrico County issued 2,355, Hanover County issued 728 and Powhatan County issued 363. Unemployment percentages for the third quarter of 2008 for Chesterfield and Henrico were 4.3% while Hanover and Powhatan were 4.1%, well below the national average of 8.1%. Developers continue to locate their planned communities in western Chesterfield County. The Winterpock area of Chesterfield County is expected to see substantial growth over the next six years, with the Deer Run development nearing completion and subdivisions such as Birkdale, Ashbrook, and Bayhill Point continuing their impressive growth. The primary road serving these growing subdivisions is Route 360, and all of these communities are within two miles of our Clover Hill branch. Henrico County has long been a strong bedroom community to Richmond. Many of the metropolitan Richmond area’s older upscale housing communities call Henrico home and the western part of Henrico has seen substantial growth in both new business as well as residential communities. The western section of Route 288, the circumferential highway around the Richmond Metropolitan area, was completed in 2004 and significantly improved access to and from Chesterfield County and Henrico County by the surrounding counties.

 

At December 31, 2008, we had fifteen full service banking offices, which were staffed by 55 full-time employees. Our senior staff averages more than 25 years of professional or banking experience. Our principal office, which houses our executive officers and loan department, was opened in August 2008 and is located at 15521 Midlothian Turnpike, Midlothian, Virginia 23113. Our main telephone number is (804) 897-3900. Our main office which includes a branch facility and seven of our branch offices are located in Chesterfield County, with three branch offices in Hanover County, three in Henrico County and one in Powhatan County. Each branch office has been strategically located to be convenient to business and retail customers in the growth sectors of each County.

 

Prominent local newspapers, one regional newspaper, and a number of radio and television stations provide diverse media outlets. The broad exposure of television, print media and radio offers several opportunities to explore effective advertising and public relations avenues for the Company.

 

Banking Services

 

We receive deposits, make consumer and commercial loans, and provide other services customarily offered by a commercial banking institution, such as business and personal checking and savings accounts, drive-up windows, and 24-hour automated teller machines. We have not applied for permission to establish a trust department and offer trust services. We are not a member of the Federal Reserve System. Our deposits are insured under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to the limits provided thereunder.

 

We offer a full range of short-to-medium term commercial and personal loans. Commercial loans include both secured and unsecured loans for working capital (including inventory and receivables), business expansion (including acquisition of real estate and improvements) and purchase of equipment and machinery. Consumer loans include secured and unsecured loans for financing automobiles, home improvements, education and personal investments. We also originate fixed and variable rate mortgage loans and real estate construction and acquisition loans. Residential loans originated by our mortgage company are usually sold in the secondary mortgage market.

 

Our lending activities are subject to a variety of lending limits imposed by federal and state law. While differing limits apply in certain circumstances based on the type of loan or the nature of the borrower (including the borrower’s relationship to the bank), in general, for loans that are not secured by readily marketable or other permissible collateral, we are subject to a loans-to-one borrower limit of an amount equal to 15% of our capital and surplus. We may voluntarily choose to impose a policy limit on loans to a single borrower that is less than the legal lending limit. We are a member of the Community Bankers’ Bank and may participate out portions of loans when loan amounts exceed our legal lending limits or internal lending policies.

 

Lending Activities

 

Our primary focus is on making loans to small businesses and consumers in our local market area. In addition, we also provide a wide range of real estate finance services. Our primary lending activities are principally directed to our market area.

 

Loan Portfolio. The net loan portfolio was $464,663,000 at December 31, 2008, which compares to $323,874,000 at December 31, 2007. The Company has enjoyed strong loan growth the last several years reflecting the strong economy in the market we serve. Loans grew by 40% in 2006, 36% in 2007, and 44% in 2008. The majority of the loan growth in 2008 came as a result of our merger with River City Bank. Our loan customers are generally located in the Richmond metropolitan area. We do not have any subprime loans in our loan portfolio.

 

Commercial Business Lending. Our commercial business lending consists of lines of credit, revolving credit facilities, term loans, equipment loans, stand-by letters of credit and unsecured loans. Commercial loans are written for any business purpose including the financing of plant and equipment, carrying accounts receivable, general working capital, contract administration and acquisition activities. Our client base is diverse, and we do not have a concentration of loans in any specific industry segment. Commercial business loans are generally secured by accounts receivable, equipment, inventory and other collateral such as marketable securities, cash value of life insurance, and time deposits. Commercial business loans have a higher degree of risk than residential mortgage loans, but have higher yields. To manage these risks, we generally obtain appropriate collateral and personal guarantees from the borrower’s principal owners and monitor the financial condition of business borrowers. The availability of funds for the repayment of commercial business loans may substantially depend on the success of the business itself. Further, the collateral for commercial business loans may depreciate over time and cannot be appraised with as much precision as residential real estate. All commercial loans we make have recourse under the terms of a promissory note. At December 31, 2008, commercial loans totaled $52,438,000, or 11.1% of the total loan portfolio.

 

Commercial Real Estate Lending. We finance commercial real estate for our clients and commercial real estate loans represent the largest segment of our loan portfolio. This segment of our loan portfolio has been the largest segment since 2004 due to the significant real estate opportunities in our market area. We generally will finance owner-occupied commercial real estate at an 80% loan-to-value ratio or less. In many cases our loan-to-value ratio is less than 80%, which provides us with a higher level of collateral security. Our underwriting policies and procedures focus on the borrower’s ability to repay the loan as well as assessment of the underlying real estate. Risks inherent in managing a commercial real estate loan portfolio relate to sudden or gradual drops in property values as well as changes in the economic climate. We attempt to mitigate those risks by carefully underwriting loans of this type as well as following appropriate loan-to-value standards. Commercial real estate loans (generally owner occupied) at December 31, 2008 were $220,400,000,

 

or 46.8% of the total loan portfolio.

 

Real Estate Construction Lending. This segment of our loan portfolio is predominately residential in nature and comprised of loans with short duration, meaning maturities of twelve months or less. Residential houses under construction and the underlying land for which the loan was obtained secure the construction loans. Construction lending entails significant risks compared with residential mortgage lending. These risks involve larger loan balances concentrated with single borrowers with funds advanced upon the security of the land and home under construction, which is estimated prior to the completion of the home. Thus it is more difficult to evaluate accurately the total loan funds required to complete a project and related loan-to-value ratios. To mitigate these risks we generally limit loan amounts to 80% of appraised values on pre-sold homes and 75% on speculative homes, and obtain first lien positions on the property taken as security. Additionally, we offer real estate construction financing to individuals who have demonstrated the ability to obtain a permanent loan. At December 31, 2008, construction loans totaled $103,161,000, or 21.9% of the total loan portfolio.

 

Residential Mortgage Lending. We make permanent residential mortgage loans for inclusion in the loan portfolio. We seek to retain in our portfolio variable rate loans secured by one-to-four-family residences. However, the majority of permanent residential loans are made by the Bank’s subsidiary, Village Bank Mortgage, which sells them to investors in the secondary mortgage market on a pre-sold basis. Given the low fixed rate residential loan market in recent years, this allows us to offer this service to our customers without retaining a significant low rate residential loan portfolio which would be detrimental to earnings as interest rates increase. We originate both conforming and non-conforming single-family loans.

 

Before we make a loan we evaluate both the borrower’s ability to make principal and interest payments and the value of the property that will secure the loan. We make first mortgage loans in amounts up to 95% of the appraised value of the underlying real estate. We retain some second mortgage loans secured by property in our market area, as long as the loan-to-value ratio combined with the first mortgage does not exceed 90%. For conventional loans in excess of 80% loan-to-value, private mortgage insurance is required.

 

Our current one-to-four-family residential adjustable rate mortgage loans have interest rates that adjust every 1, 3 and 5 years, generally in accordance with the rates on comparable U.S. Treasury bills. Our adjustable rate mortgage loans generally limit interest rate increases to 2% each rate adjustment period and have an established ceiling rate at the time the loans are made of up to 6% over the original interest rate. There are risks resulting from increased costs to a borrower as a result of the periodic repricing mechanisms of these loans. Despite the benefits of adjustable rate mortgage loans to our asset/liability management, they pose additional risks, primarily because as interest rates rise, the underlying payments by the borrowers rise, increasing the potential for default. At the same time, the marketability of the underlying property may be adversely affected by higher interest rates. At December 31, 2008, $84,612,000, or 18.0% of our loan portfolio, consisted of residential mortgage loans.

 

Consumer Installment Lending. We offer various types of secured and unsecured consumer loans. We make consumer loans primarily for personal, family or household purposes as a convenience to our customer base since these loans are not the primary focus of our lending activities. Our general guideline is that a consumer’s total debt service should not exceed 40% of the consumer’s gross income. Our underwriting standards for consumer loans include making a determination of the applicant’s payment history on other debts and an assessment of his or her ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. The stability of an applicant’s monthly income may be determined by verification of gross monthly income from primary employment and additionally from any verifiable secondary income. Consumer loans totaled $10,307,000 at December 31, 2008, which was 2.2% of the total loan portfolio.

 

Loan Commitments and Contingent Liabilities. In the normal course of business, the Company makes various commitments and incurs certain contingent liabilities which are disclosed in the footnotes of our annual financial statements, including commitments to extend credit. At December

 

31, 2008, undisbursed credit lines, standby letters of credit and commitments to extend credit totaled $88,892,000.

 

Credit Policies and Administration. We have adopted a comprehensive lending policy, which includes stringent underwriting standards for all types of loans. Our lending staff follows pricing guidelines established periodically by our management team. In an effort to manage risk, all credit decisions in excess of the officers’ lending authority must be approved prior to funding by a management loan committee and/or a board of directors-level loan committee. Any loans above $2,000,000 require full board of directors’ approval. Management believes that it employs experienced lending officers, secures appropriate collateral and carefully monitors the financial conditions of our borrowers and the concentration of such loans in the portfolio.

 

In addition to the normal repayment risks, all loans in our portfolio are subject to the state of the economy and the related effects on the borrower and/or the real estate market. Generally, longer-term loans have periodic interest rate adjustments and/or call provisions. Our senior management monitors the loan portfolio closely to ensure that past due loans are minimized and that potential problem loans are swiftly dealt with. In addition to the internal business processes employed in the credit administration area, the Company utilizes an outside consulting firm to review the loan portfolio. A detailed annual review is performed, with an interim update occurring at least once a year. Results of the report are used to validate our internal loan ratings and to provide independent commentary on specific loans and loan administration activities.

 

Lending Limit. As of December 31, 2008, our legal lending limit for loans to one borrower was approximately $7,700,000. As part of our risk management strategy, we attempt to participate a portion of our larger loans to other financial institutions. This allows us to maintain customer relationships yet reduce credit exposure and stay within our legal lending limit.

 

Investments and Funding

 

We balance our liquidity needs based on loan and deposit growth via the investment portfolio, purchased federal funds, and Federal Home Loan Bank advances. It is our goal to provide adequate liquidity to support our loan growth. Should we have excess liquidity, investments are used to generate positive earnings. In the event deposit growth does not fully support our loan growth, a combination of investment sales, federal funds and Federal Home Loan Bank advances will be used to augment our funding position.

 

Our investment portfolio is actively monitored and is classified as “available for sale.” Under such a classification, investment instruments may be sold as deemed appropriate by management. On a monthly basis, the investment portfolio is marked to market via equity as required by SFAS 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. Additionally, we use the investment portfolio to balance our asset and liability position. We will invest in fixed rate or floating rate instruments as necessary to reduce our interest rate risk exposure.

 

For securities classified as available-for-sale securities, we will evaluate whether a decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis is other than temporary. If the decline in fair value is judged to be other than temporary, the cost basis of the individual security is written down to fair value as a new cost basis and the amount of the write-down is included in earnings. There were no securities at December 31, 2008 where a decline in market value was considered other than temporary.

 

Competition

 

We encounter strong competition from other local commercial banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, mortgage banking firms, consumer finance companies, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, money market mutual funds and other financial institutions. A number of these competitors are well-established. Competition for loans is keen, and pricing is important. Most of our competitors have substantially greater resources and higher lending limits than ours and offer certain services, such as extensive and established branch networks and trust services, which we do not provide at the present time. Deposit competition also is strong, and we may have to pay

 

higher interest rates to attract deposits. Nationwide banking institutions and their branches have increased competition in our markets, and federal legislation adopted in 1999 allows non-banking companies, such as insurance and investment firms, to establish or acquire banks.

 

The greater Richmond metropolitan market has experienced several significant mergers or acquisitions involving all four regional banks formerly headquartered in central Virginia over the past fifteen years. Additionally, other larger banks from outside Virginia have acquired local banks. We believe that the Company can capitalize on the recent merger activity and attract customers from those who are dissatisfied with the recently acquired banks.

 

At June 30, 2008, the latest date such information is available from the FDIC, the Bank’s deposit market share in Chesterfield County was 7.54% and 0.74% in the Richmond MSA.

 

Regulation

 

We are subject to regulations of certain federal and state agencies and receive periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities. As a consequence of the extensive regulation of commercial banking activities, our business is susceptible to being affected by state and federal legislation and regulations.

 

General. The discussion below is only a summary of the principal laws and regulations that comprise the regulatory framework applicable to us. The descriptions of these laws and regulations, as well as descriptions of laws and regulations contained elsewhere herein, do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to applicable laws and regulations. In recent years, regulatory compliance by financial institutions such as ours has placed a significant burden on us both in costs and employee time commitment.

 

Bank Holding Company. The Company is a bank holding company under the Federal Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and is subject to supervision and regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”) and Virginia State Corporation Commission (“SCC”). As a bank holding company, the Company is required to furnish to the Federal Reserve Board an annual report of its operations at the end of each fiscal year and to furnish such additional information as the Federal Reserve Board may require pursuant to the Bank Holding Company Act. The Federal Reserve Board, FDIC and SCC also may conduct examinations of the Company and/or its subsidiary bank.

 

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. On November 12, 1999, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act was signed into law. Gramm-Leach-Bliley permits commercial banks to affiliate with investment banks. It also permits bank holding companies which elect financial holding company status to engage in any type of financial activity, including securities, insurance, merchant banking/equity investment and other activities that are financial in nature. The merchant banking provisions allow a bank holding company to make a controlling investment in any kind of company, financial or commercial. These new powers allow a bank to engage in virtually every type of activity currently recognized as financial or incidental or complementary to a financial activity. A commercial bank that wishes to engage in these activities is required to be well capitalized, well managed and have a satisfactory or better Community Reinvestment Act rating. Gramm-Leach-Bliley also allows subsidiaries of banks to engage in a broad range of financial activities that are not permitted for banks themselves.

 

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 implemented a broad range of corporate governance, accounting and reporting measures for companies, like the Company, that have securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Specifically, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the various regulations promulgated under the Act, established, among other things: (i) new requirements for audit committees, including independence, expertise, and responsibilities; (ii) additional responsibilities regarding financial statements for the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the reporting company; (iii) new standards for auditors and regulation of audits, including independence provisions that restrict non-audit services that accountants may provide to their audit clients; (iv) increased disclosure and reporting obligations for the reporting company and their directors and executive officers, including accelerated reporting of stock transactions and a

 

prohibition on trading during pension blackout periods; and (v) a range of new and increased civil and criminal penalties for fraud and other violations of the securities laws. In addition, Sarbanes-Oxley required stock exchanges, such as NASDAQ, to institute additional requirements relating to corporate governance in their listing rules.

 

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires the Company to include in its Annual Report on Form 10-K a report by management. Management’s internal control report must, among other things, set forth management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Bank Regulation. As a Virginia state-chartered FDIC bank that is not a member of the Federal Reserve System, the Bank is subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the SCC’s Bureau of Financial Institutions (“BFI”). The Bank is also subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the FDIC. Federal law also governs the activities in which we may engage, the investments we may make and the aggregate amount of loans that may be granted to one borrower. Various consumer and compliance laws and regulations also affect our operations. Earnings are affected by general economic conditions, management policies and the legislative and governmental actions of various regulatory authorities, including those referred to above. The following description summarizes some of the laws to which we are subject. The BFI and the FDIC will conduct regular examinations, reviewing such matters as the overall safety and soundness of the institution, the adequacy of loan loss reserves, quality of loans and investments, management practices, compliance with laws, and other aspects of their operations. In addition to these regular examinations, we must furnish the FDIC with periodic reports containing a full and accurate statement of our affairs. Supervision, regulation and examination of banks by these agencies are intended primarily for the protection of depositors rather than shareholders.

 

Insurance of Accounts, Assessments and Regulation by the FDIC. Our deposits are insured by the FDIC up to the limits set forth under applicable law, currently $250,000. Deposits are subject to the deposit insurance assessments of the Bank Insurance Fund (“BIF”) of the FDIC. The FDIC is authorized to prohibit any BIF-insured institution from engaging in any activity that the FDIC determines by regulation or order to pose a serious threat to the respective insurance fund. Also, the FDIC may initiate enforcement actions against banks, after first giving the institution’s primary regulatory authority an opportunity to take such action. The FDIC may terminate the deposit insurance of any depository institution if it determines, after a hearing, that the institution has engaged or is engaging in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, order or any condition imposed in writing by the FDIC. It also may suspend deposit insurance temporarily during the hearing process for the permanent termination of insurance if the institution has no tangible capital. If deposit insurance is terminated, the deposits at the institution at the time of termination, less subsequent withdrawals, shall continue to be insured for a period from six months to two years, as determined by the FDIC. We are aware of no existing circumstances that could result in termination of our deposit insurance.

 

Additionally, on October 14, 2008, after receiving a recommendation from the boards of the FDIC and the Federal Reserve, and consulting with the President, the Secretary of the Treasury signed the systemic risk exception to the FDIC Act, enabling the FDIC to establish its Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (“TLGP”). Under the transaction account guarantee program of the TLGP, the FDIC will fully guarantee, until the end of 2009, all non-interest-bearing transaction accounts, including NOW accounts with interest rates of 0.5 percent or less and IOLTAs (lawyer trust accounts). The TLGP also guarantees all senior unsecured debt of insured depository institutions or their qualified holding companies issued between October 14, 2008 and June 30, 2009 with a stated maturity greater than 30 days. All eligible institutions were permitted to participate in both of the components of the TLGP without cost for the first 30 days of the program. Following the initial 30 day grace period, institutions were assessed at the rate of ten basis points for transaction account balances in excess of $250,000 for the transaction account guarantee program and at the rate of either 50, 75, or 100 basis points of the amount of debt issued, depending on the maturity date of the guaranteed debt, for the debt guarantee program. Institutions were required to opt-out of the TLGP if they did not wish to participate. The Company and its applicable subsidiaries elected to participate in

 

both of these programs.

 

Capital. The FDIC has issued risk-based and leverage capital guidelines applicable to banking organizations they supervise. Under the risk-based capital requirements, we are generally required to maintain a minimum ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets (including certain off-balance sheet activities, such as standby letters of credit), of 8%. At least half of the total capital is to be composed of common equity, retained earnings and qualifying perpetual preferred stock, less certain intangibles (“Tier 1 capital”). The remainder may consist of certain subordinated debt, certain hybrid capital instruments and other qualifying preferred stock and a limited amount of the loan loss allowance (“Tier 2 capital” and, together with Tier 1 capital, “total capital”). In addition, each of the Federal bank regulatory agencies has established minimum leverage capital ratio requirements for banking organizations. These requirements provide for a minimum leverage ratio of Tier 1 capital to adjusted average quarterly assets equal to 4% for banks and bank holding companies that meet certain specified criteria. All other banks and bank holding companies will generally be required to maintain a leverage ratio of at least 100 to 200 basis points above the stated minimum. The risk-based capital standards of the FDIC explicitly identify concentrations of credit risk and the risk arising from non-traditional activities, as well as an institution’s ability to manage these risks, as important factors to be taken into account by the agency in assessing an institution’s overall capital adequacy. The capital guidelines also provide that an institution’s exposure to a decline in the economic value of its capital due to changes in interest rates be considered by the agency as a factor in evaluating a bank’s capital adequacy.

 

USA Patriot Act.The USA Patriot Act became effective on October 26, 2001 and provides for the facilitation of information sharing among governmental entities and financial institutions for the purpose of combating terrorism and money laundering. Among other provisions, the USA Patriot Act permits financial institutions, upon providing notice to the United States Treasury, to share information with one another in order to better identify and report to the federal government concerning activities that may involve money laundering or terrorists’ activities. The USA Patriot Act is considered a significant banking law in terms of information disclosure regarding certain customer transactions. Certain provisions of the USA Patriot Act impose the obligation to establish anti-money laundering programs, including the development of a customer identification program, and the screening of all customers against any government lists of known or suspected terrorists. Although it does create a reporting obligation and compliance costs, the USA Patriot Act has not materially affected the Bank’s products, services or other business activities.

 

Reporting Terrorist Activities.The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC), which is a division of the Department of the Treasury, is responsible for helping to insure that United States entities do not engage in transactions with “enemies” of the United States, as defined by various Executive Orders and Acts of Congress. OFAC has sent, and will send, our banking regulatory agencies lists of names of persons and organizations suspected of aiding, harboring or engaging in terrorist acts. If the Bank finds a name on any transaction, account or wire transfer that is on an OFAC list, it must freeze such account, file a suspicious activity report and notify the FBI. The Bank has appointed an OFAC compliance officer to oversee the inspection of its accounts and the filing of any notifications. The Bank actively checks high-risk OFAC areas such as new accounts, wire transfers and customer files. The Bank performs these checks utilizing software, which is updated each time a modification is made to the lists provided by OFAC and other agencies of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons.

 

Other Safety and Soundness Regulations. There are a number of obligations and restrictions imposed on depository institutions by federal law and regulatory policy that are designed to reduce potential loss exposure to the depositors of such depository institutions and to the FDIC insurance funds in the event the depository institution becomes in danger of default or is in default. The Federal banking agencies also have broad powers under current Federal law to take prompt corrective action to resolve problems of insured depository institutions. The extent of these powers depends upon whether the institution in question is well-capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized or critically undercapitalized, as defined by the law. Federal regulatory authorities also have broad enforcement powers over us, including the power to impose fines and other civil and criminal penalties, and to appoint a receiver in order to conserve the

 

assets of any such institution for the benefit of depositors and other creditors. Village Bank is currently classified as well capitalized financial institution.

 

Loans-to-One Borrower. Under applicable laws and regulations the amount of loans and extensions of credit which may be extended by a bank to any one borrower, including related entities, generally may not exceed 15% of the unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus of the institution. Loans in an amount equal to an additional 10% of unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus also may be made to a borrower if the loans are fully secured by readily marketable securities. An institution’s “unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus” includes, among other things, the amount of its core capital and supplementary capital included in its total capital under Federal regulations.

 

Community Reinvestment. The requirements of the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) are applicable to the Company. The CRA imposes on financial institutions an affirmative and ongoing obligation to meet the credit needs of their local communities, including low and moderate income neighborhoods, consistent with the safe and sound operation of those institutions. A financial institution’s efforts in meeting community credit needs currently are evaluated as part of the examination process pursuant to 12 assessment factors. These factors also are considered in evaluating mergers, acquisitions and applications to open a branch or facility.

 

Economic and Monetary Policies. Our operations are affected not only by general economic conditions, but also by the economic and monetary policies of various regulatory authorities. In particular, the Federal Reserve regulates money, credit and interest rates in order to influence general economic conditions. These policies have a significant influence on overall growth and distribution of loans, investments and deposits and affect interest rates charged on loans or paid for time and savings deposits. Federal Reserve monetary policies have had a significant effect on the operating results of commercial banks in the past and are expected to continue to do so in the future.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2008, the Company and its subsidiaries had a total of 153 full-time employees and 14 part-time employees. None of the Company’s employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. The Company considers its relations with its employees to be good.

 

Control by Certain Shareholders

 

The Company has one shareholder who owns 8.39% of its outstanding Common Stock. As a group, the Board of Directors and the Company’s Executive Officers control 17.41% of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company as of March 1, 2009. Accordingly, such persons, if they were to act in concert, would not have majority control of the Bank and would not have the ability to approve certain fundamental corporate transactions or the election of the Board of Directors.

 

Additional Information

 

The Company files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy any reports, statements and other information we file at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operations of the Public Reference Room. Our SEC filings are also available on the SEC’s Internet site (http://www.sec.gov).

 

The Company’s common stock trades under the symbol “VBFC” on the Nasdaq Capital Market. You may also read reports, proxy statements and other information we file at the offices of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., 1735 K Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20006.

 

The Company’s Internet address is www.villagebank.com. At that address, we make available, free of charge, the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current

 

reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (see “Investor Relations” section of website), as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

 

In addition, we will provide, at no cost, paper or electronic copies of our reports and other filings made with the SEC (except for exhibits). Requests should be directed to C. Harril Whitehurst, Jr., Chief Financial Officer, Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp., PO Box 330, Midlothian, VA 23113.

 

The information on the websites listed above is not and should not be considered to be part of this annual report on Form 10-K and is not incorporated by reference in this document.

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

 

In analyzing whether to make or to continue an investment in the Company, investors should consider, among other factors, the following:

 

Changes in interest rates may have an adverse effect on the Company’s profitability.

 

The operations of financial institutions such as the Company are dependent to a large degree on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income from loans and investments and interest expense on deposits and borrowings. An institution’s net interest income is significantly affected by market rates of interest that in turn are affected by prevailing economic conditions, by the fiscal and monetary policies of the federal government and by the policies of various regulatory agencies. The Federal Reserve Board (FRB) regulates the national money supply in order to manage recessionary and inflationary pressures. In doing so, the FRB may use techniques such as engaging in open market transactions of U.S. Government securities, changing the discount rate and changing reserve requirements against bank deposits. The use of these techniques may also affect interest rates charged on loans and paid on deposits. The interest rate environment, which includes both the level of interest rates and the shape of the U.S. Treasury yield curve, has a significant impact on net interest income. Like all financial institutions, the Company’s balance sheet is affected by fluctuations in interest rates. Volatility in interest rates can also result in disintermediation, which is the flow of deposits away from financial institutions into direct investments, such as US Government and corporate securities and other investment vehicles, including mutual funds, which, because of the absence of federal insurance premiums and reserve requirements, generally pay higher rates of return than bank deposit products. See “Item 7: Management’s Discussion of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk”.

 

Changes in economic conditions and the composition of the Company’s loan portfolio could lead to an increase in the allowance for loan losses, which could decrease earnings.

 

The Company has established an allowance for loan losses which management believes to be adequate to offset probable losses on the Company’s existing loans. However, there is no precise method of estimating loan losses. There can be no assurance that any future declines in real estate market conditions, general economic conditions or changes in regulatory policies will not require the Company to increase its allowance for loan losses, which could reduce earnings. Furthermore, an increase in unemployment could cause an increase in loan charge-offs.

 

Declines in value may adversely impact the investment portfolio.

 

We have not realized any non-cash, other-than-temporary impairment charges during 2008 as a result of reductions in fair value below original cost of any investments in our investment portfolio. However, we could be required to record future impairment charges on our investment securities if they suffer any declines in value that are considered other-than-temporary. Considerations used to determine other-than-temporary impairment status to individual holdings include the length of time the stock has remained in an unrealized loss position, and the percentage of unrealized loss compared to the carrying cost of the stock, dividend reduction or suspension, market analyst reviews and expectations, and other pertinent news that would affect expectations for recovery or further decline.

 

Recent negative developments in the financial services industry and U.S. and global credit markets may adversely impact our results of operations and our stock price.

 

The recent national and global economic downturn has resulted in unprecedented levels of financial market volatility which may depress the market value of financial institutions, limit access to capital or have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or results of operations of banking companies. In addition, the possible duration and severity of the adverse economic cycle is unknown and may exacerbate our exposure to credit risk. The United States Treasury and the FDIC have initiated programs to address economic stabilization, yet the effectiveness of these

 

programs in stabilizing the economy and the banking system at large are uncertain.

 

Negative developments in the latter half of 2007 and 2008 in the subprime mortgage market and the securitization markets for such loans have resulted in uncertainty in the financial markets in general with the expectation of the general economic downturn continuing through 2009. As a result of this “credit crunch,” commercial as well as consumer loan portfolio performances have deteriorated at many institutions and the competition for deposits and quality loans has increased significantly, due to liquidity concerns at many financial institutions. In addition, the values of real estate collateral supporting many commercial loans and home mortgages have declined and may continue to decline. Stock prices of bank holding companies, like ours, have been negatively affected by the current condition of the financial markets, as has our ability, if needed, to raise capital or borrow in the debt markets compared to recent years. As a result, financial institution regulatory agencies are expected to be very aggressive in responding to concerns and trends regarding lending and funding practices and liquidity standards identified in examinations, including issuing many formal enforcement actions. Negative developments in the financial services industry and the impact of potential new legislation and regulations in response to those developments could negatively impact our business by restricting our operations, including our ability to originate or sell loans or raise additional capital, and could adversely impact our financial performance and stock price.

 

Current levels of market volatility are unprecedented.

 

The capital and credit markets have been experiencing volatility and disruption for more than 12 months. Recently, the volatility and disruption has reached unprecedented levels. In some cases, the markets have produced downward pressure on stock prices and credit availability for certain issuers without regard to those issuers’ underlying financial strength. If current levels of market disruption and volatility continue or worsen, there can be no assurance that we will not experience an adverse effect, which may be material, on our ability to access capital and on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect us.

 

Our ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and commercial soundness of other financial institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty or other relationships. We have exposure to many different industries and counterparties, and we routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial industry. As a result, defaults by, or even rumors or questions about, one or more financial services institutions, or the financial services industry generally, have led to market-wide liquidity problems and could lead to losses or defaults by us or by other institutions. Many of these transactions expose us to credit risk in the event of default of our counterparty or client. In addition, our credit risk may be exacerbated when the collateral held by us cannot be realized upon or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of the financial instrument exposure due us. There is no assurance that any such losses would not materially and adversely affect our results of operations.

 

Changes in economic conditions and related uncertainties may have an adverse affect on the Company’s profitability.

 

Commercial banking is affected, directly and indirectly, by local, domestic, and international economic and political conditions, and by governmental monetary and fiscal policies. Conditions such as inflation, recession, unemployment, volatile interest rates, tight money supply, real estate values, international conflicts and other factors beyond the Company’s control may adversely affect the potential profitability of the Company. Any future rises in interest rates, while increasing the income yield on the Company’s earnings assets, may adversely affect loan demand and the cost of funds and, consequently, the profitability of the Company. Any future decreases in interest rates may adversely affect the Company’s profitability because such decreases may reduce the amounts that the Company may earn on its assets. A continued recessionary climate could result in the delinquency of outstanding loans. Management does not expect any one particular factor to have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations. However, downtrends in several areas,

 

including real estate, construction and consumer spending, could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s profitability.

 

Our results of operations are significantly affected by the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans.

 

Lending money is an essential part of the banking business. However, borrowers do not always repay their loans. The risk of non-payment is affected by credit risks of a particular borrower, changes in economic and industry conditions, the duration of the loan and in the case of a collateralized loan, uncertainties as to the future value of the collateral.

 

The supervision and regulation to which the Company is subject can be a competitive disadvantage.

 

The operations of the Company and the Bank are heavily regulated and will be affected by present and future legislation and by the policies established from time to time by various federal and state regulatory authorities. In particular, the monetary policies of the Federal Reserve have had a significant effect on the operating results of banks in the past, and are expected to continue to do so in the future. Among the instruments of monetary policy used by the Federal Reserve to implement its objectives are changes in the discount rate charged on bank borrowings and changes in the reserve requirements on bank deposits. It is not possible to predict what changes, if any, will be made to the monetary polices of the Federal Reserve or to existing federal and state legislation or the effect that such changes may have on the future business and earnings prospects of the Company.

 

The Company is subject to changes in federal and state tax laws as well as changes in banking and credit regulations, accounting principles and governmental economic and monetary policies.

 

During the past several years, significant legislative attention has been focused on the regulation and deregulation of the financial services industry. Non-bank financial institutions, such as securities brokerage firms, insurance companies and money market funds, have been permitted to engage in activities that compete directly with traditional bank business.

 

The competition the Company faces is increasing and may reduce our customer base and negatively impact the Company’s results of operations.

 

There is significant competition among banks in the market areas served by the Company. In addition, as a result of deregulation of the financial industry, the Bank also competes with other providers of financial services such as savings and loan associations, credit unions, consumer finance companies, securities firms, insurance companies, the mutual funds industry, full service brokerage firms and discount brokerage firms, some of which are subject to less extensive regulations than the Company with respect to the products and services they provide. Some of the Company’s competitors have greater resources than the Corporation and, as a result, may have higher lending limits and may offer other services not offered by our Company. See “Item 1: Business — Competition.”

 

Our deposit insurance premium could be substantially higher in the future which would have an adverse effect on our future earnings.

 

The FDIC insures deposits at FDIC-insured financial institutions, including Village Bank. The FDIC charges the insured financial institutions premiums to maintain the Deposit Insurance Fund at a certain level. Current economic conditions have increased bank failures and expectations for further failures, which may result in the FDIC making more payments from the Deposit Insurance Fund and, in connection therewith, raising deposit premiums. In February 2009, the FDIC finalized a rule that increases premiums paid by insured institutions and makes other changes to the assessment system. Additionally, the FDIC adopted an interim rule that imposes an emergency special assessment in the second quarter of 2009 and further gives the FDIC authority to impose additional emergency special assessments of up to 10 basis points in subsequent quarters. These significant

 

final and proposed increases will adversely affect our net income.

 

Concern of customers over deposit insurance may cause a decrease in deposits.

 

With the recent news about bank failures, customers are increasingly concerned about the extent to which their deposits are insured by the FDIC. Customers may withdraw deposits in an effort to ensure that the amount they have on deposit with us is fully insured. Decreases in deposits may adversely affect our funding costs and net income.

 

The actions of the U.S. Government for the purpose of stabilizing the financial markets, or market response to those actions, may not achieve the intended effect, and our results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

In response to the financial issues affecting the banking system and financial markets and going concern threats to investment banks and other financial institutions, the U.S. Congress recently enacted the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”). The EESA provides the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury with the authority to establish a Troubled Asset Relief Program (“TARP”) to purchase from financial institutions up to $700 billion of residential or commercial mortgages and any securities, obligations or other instruments that are based on or related to such mortgages, that in each case was originated or issued on or before March 14, 2008, as well as any other financial instrument that the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the Chairman of the Federal Reserve, determines the purchase of which is necessary to promote financial market stability.

 

As part of the EESA, the Treasury Department has developed a Capital Purchase Program to purchase up to $250 billion in senior preferred stock from qualifying financial institutions. The Capital Purchase Program was designed to strengthen the capital and liquidity positions of viable institutions and to encourage banks and thrifts to increase lending to creditworthy borrowers. The EESA also increases the insurance coverage of deposit accounts to $250,000 per depositor. In a related action, the FDIC established a Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program under which the FDIC provides a guarantee for newly-issued senior unsecured debt and non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts at eligible insured institutions. For non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts, a 10 basis point annual rate surcharge will be applied to deposit amounts in excess of $250,000. We have applied for participation in the Capital Purchase Program and have opted to participate in the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program for the additional coverage for non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts, available until December 31, 2009. In February 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (“the Stimulus Bill”) was enacted, which is intended to stabilize the financial markets and slow or reverse the downturn in the U.S. economy, and which revised certain provisions of the EESA.

 

The U.S. Congress or federal banking regulatory agencies could adopt additional regulatory requirements or restrictions in response to the threats to the financial system and such changes may adversely affect our operations. There can be no assurance that the EESA and its implementing regulations, the Stimulus Bill, the FDIC programs, or any other governmental program will have a positive impact on the financial markets. The failure of the EESA, the Stimulus Bill, the FDIC programs, or any other actions of the U.S. government to stabilize the financial markets and a continuation or worsening of current financial market conditions could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or the trading price of the Company’s common stock.

 

Fluctuations in the stock market could negatively affect the value of the Company’s common stock.

 

The Company’s common stock trades under the symbol “VBFC” on the Nasdaq Capital Market. There can be no assurance that a regular and active market for the Common Stock will develop in the foreseeable future. See “Item 5: Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.” Investors in the shares of common stock may, therefore, be required to assume the risk of their investment for an indefinite period of

 

time. Current lack of investor confidence in large banks may keep investors away from the banking sector as a whole, causing unjustified deterioration in the trading prices of well-capitalized community banks such as the Company.

 

If the Company fails to maintain an effective system of internal controls, it may not be able to accurately report its financial results or prevent fraud. As a result, current and potential shareholders could lose confidence in the Company’s financial reporting, which could harm its business and the trading price of its common stock.

 

The Company has established a process to document and evaluate its internal controls over financial reporting in order to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related regulations, which require annual management assessments of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. In this regard, management has dedicated internal resources, engaged outside consultants and adopted a detailed work plan to (i) assess and document the adequacy of internal controls over financial reporting, (ii) take steps to improve control processes, where appropriate, (iii) validate through testing that controls are functioning as documented and (iv) implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s efforts to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related regulations regarding the Company’s assessment of its internal controls over financial reporting. The Company’s management and audit committee have given the Company’s compliance with Section 404 a high priority. The Company cannot be certain that these measures will ensure that the Company implements and maintains adequate controls over its financial processes and reporting in the future. Any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm the Company’s operating results or cause the Company to fail to meet its reporting obligations. If the Company fails to correct any issues in the design or operating effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting or fails to prevent fraud, current and potential shareholders could lose confidence in the Company’s financial reporting, which could harm its business and the trading price of its common stock.

 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

None.

 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

 

Our executive and administrative offices are owned by the Company and are located at 15521 Midlothian Turnpike, Midlothian, Virginia 23113 in Chesterfield County where an 80,000 square foot corporate headquarters and operations center was opened in August 2008. The Company and the Bank currently occupy approximately forty percent of the space, which includes a full service branch location leased by the Bank. The Company leases the other portions to unrelated parties. In addition to leasing the branch to the Bank, the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Village Bank Mortgage Corporation, also leases space in the building from the Company.

 

In addition to the branch in the corporate headquarters and operations center, the Bank owns 9 full service branch buildings including the land on those buildings and leases an additional five full service branch buildings. Eight of our branch offices are located in Chesterfield County, with three branch offices in Hanover County, three in Henrico County and one in Powhatan County.

 

Our properties are maintained in good operating condition and are suitable and adequate for our operational needs.

 

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

In the course of its operations, the Company may become a party to legal proceedings. There are no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company is a party or of which the property of the Company is subject.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.

 

 

PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 

Market Information

 

Shares of the Company’s Common Stock trade on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “VBFC”. The high and low closing prices of shares of the Company’s Common Stock for the periods indicated were as follows:

 

 

 

 

Dividends

 

The Company has not paid any dividends on its Common Stock. We intend to retain all of our earnings to finance the Company’s operations and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any decision made by the Board of Directors to declare dividends in the future will depend on the Company’s future earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and other factors deemed relevant by the Board. Banking regulations limit the amount of cash dividends that may be paid without prior approval of the Bank’s regulatory agencies. Such dividends are limited to the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or the net income of the previous two years combined with the current year net income.

 

Holders

 

At March 11, 2009, there were approximately 1,634 holders of record of Common Stock.

 

For information concerning the Company’s Equity Compensation Plans, see “Item 12: Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters”.

 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

 

None

 

Purchases of Equity Securities

 

The Company did not repurchase any of its Common Stock during the fourth quarter of 2008.

 

 

 

Performance Graph

 

The following graph shows the yearly percentage change in the Company’s cumulative total shareholder return on its common stock from December 31, 2003 to December 31, 2008 compared with the NASDAQ Composite Index and peer group indexes based on asset size.

 

 

 

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

 

 

 

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion is intended to assist readers in understanding and evaluating the financial condition, changes in financial condition and the results of operations of the Company, consisting of the parent company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and other financial information contained elsewhere in this report.

 

Caution About Forward-Looking Statements

 

In addition to historical information, this report may contain forward-looking statements. For this purpose, any statement, that is not a statement of historical fact may be deemed to be a forward-looking statement. These forward-looking statements may include statements regarding profitability, liquidity, allowance for loan losses, interest rate sensitivity, market risk, growth strategy and financial and other goals. Forward-looking statements often use words such as “believes,” “expects,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “anticipates,” “forecasts,” “intends” or other words of similar meaning. You can also identify them by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, and actual results could differ materially from historical results or those anticipated by such statements.

 

There are many factors that could have a material adverse effect on the operations and future prospects of the Company including, but not limited to, changes in interest rates, general economic conditions, the quality or composition of the loan or investment portfolios, the level of nonperforming assets and charge-offs, the local real estate market, volatility and disruption in national and international financial markets, government intervention in the U.S. financial system, demand for loan products, deposit flows, competition, and accounting principles, policies and guidelines. Monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government could also adversely effect the Company; such policies include the impact of any regulations or programs implemented pursuant to the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA), the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) and other policies of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, U.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board.

 

While the Company has not experienced significant losses during the current economic climate, a continuation of the recent turbulence in significant portions of the global financial markets, particularly if it worsens, could impact the Company’s performance, both directly by affecting revenues and the value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, and indirectly by affecting the Company’s counterparties and the economy generally. Dramatic declines in the housing market in the past year have resulted in significant write-downs of asset values by financial institutions in the United States. Concerns about the stability of the U.S. financial markets generally have reduced the availability of funding to certain financial institutions, leading to a tightening of credit, reduction of business activity, and increased market volatility. It is not clear at this time what impact the EESA, the ARRA or other liquidity and funding initiatives of the Treasury and other bank regulatory agencies that have been announced or any additional programs that may be initiated in the future will have on the financial markets and the financial services industry. The extreme levels of volatility and limited credit availability currently being experienced could continue to affect the U.S. banking industry and the broader U.S. and global economies, which would have an effect on all financial institutions, including the Company.

 

These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating the forward-looking statements contained herein, and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which it is made. In addition, past results of operations are not necessarily indicative of future results.

 

General

 

The Company was organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia to engage in commercial and retail banking. The Bank opened to the public on December 13, 1999 as a traditional community bank offering deposit and loan services to individuals and businesses in the Richmond, Virginia metropolitan area. During 2003, the Company acquired or formed three wholly owned subsidiaries of the Bank, Village Bank Mortgage Corporation (“Village Bank Mortgage”), a full service mortgage banking company, Village Insurance Agency, Inc. (“Village Insurance”), a full service property and casualty insurance agency, and Village Financial Services Corporation (“Village Financial Services”), a financial services company. On October 14, 2008, the Company completed its merger with River City Bank pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization and Merger, dated as of March 9, 2008, by and among the Company, the Bank and River City Bank. The merger had previously been approved by both companies’ shareholders at their respective annual meetings on September 30, 2008 as well as the banking regulators.

 

We offer a wide range of banking and related financial services, including checking, savings, certificates of deposit and other depository services, and commercial, real estate and consumer loans. We are a community-oriented and locally managed financial institution focusing on providing a high level of responsive and personalized services to our customers, delivered in the context of a strong direct relationship with our customers. We conduct our operations from our main office/corporate headquarters location and fourteen branch offices.

 

The Company had earnings of $468,000 in 2008 as compared to earnings of $1,001,000 in 2007 and $1,399,000 in 2006, representing decreases of 53% in 2008 and 28% in 2007.

 

2008 was a challenging year for the banking industry and the economy as a whole. In the latter half of 2007, the financial markets experienced significant turmoil due to the collapse of the subprime mortgage asset market which has had a detrimental affect on banking in general. The collapse of the mortgage asset market has led to what many consider a recessionary economy and resulted in extraordinary write-offs of mortgage related assets by many banks. The detrimental affect of the collapse in the mortgage asset market that started in 2007 continued in 2008, depressing bank stock values. As the mortgage market collapsed, home values, which had provided the fuel for consumer spending in recent years, declined and the potential for an economic recession became real. In reaction first to the mortgage market collapse and most recently to the real possibility of a recession, the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve reduced short-term interest rates significantly in the last three months of 2007 and continued to decrease rates in 2008.

 

These events have had an impact on our operations. On the positive side, it is important to note that we have never owned nor have we ever originated subprime mortgage loan product. We have no direct exposure to the collapse of this market. On the negative side, the decline in short-term interest rates by the Federal Reserve negatively impacted our earnings during 2008. This negative impact on our earnings is a result of a significant portion of our loan portfolio, the primary source of revenue to Village Bank, having interest rates that adjust according to the direction of short-term interest rates. Accordingly, as short-term rates are reduced by the Federal Reserve, the income from our loan portfolio is reduced. While the reduction of short-term interest rates will also reduce the rates we pay on deposits, our largest expense, the reduction in interest rates paid on deposits will be slower than the reduction of interest rates on our loan portfolio as our deposits generally do not reprice as quickly as our loans. Consequently, our net interest income, the primary source of our earnings, will be negatively impacted as long as short-term interest rates continue to be reduced by the Federal Reserve. See “Interest Rate Sensitivity” on page 41 for further discussion.

 

Total assets increased to $572,408,000 at December 31, 2008 from $393,264,000 at December 31, 2007 and $291,218,000 at December 31, 2006, representing increases of 46% in 2008 and 35% in 2007. The growth in total assets in 2007 resulted from internal growth of our business and customer base. In 2008, most of our growth in total assets is attributable to our merger with River City Bank, which added approximately $157.7 million in assets at the time of merger. Much of our internal growth as well as that of River City Bank was driven primarily by lending on real estate. As a result,

 

any material decline in real estate values could have a significant adverse effect on the future growth and profitability of the Company as 86.7% of our loan portfolio at December 31, 2008 is collateralized by real estate. Declines in real estate values can reduce projected cash flows from commercial properties and the ability of borrowers to use home equity to support borrowings and increase the loan-to-value ratios of loans previously made by us, thereby weakening collateral coverage and increasing the possibility of a loss in the event of default. In addition, delinquencies, foreclosures and losses generally increase during economic slowdowns or recessions.

 

The following presents management’s discussion and analysis of the financial condition of the Company at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and results of operations for the Company for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited Financial Statements and the notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report.

 

Asset/liability management

 

Management strives to manage the maturity or repricing match between assets and liabilities. The degree to which the Company is “mismatched” in its maturities is a primary measure of interest rate risk. In periods of stable interest rates, net interest income can be increased by financing higher yielding long-term mortgage loan assets with lower cost short-term deposits and borrowings. Although such a strategy may increase profits in the short run, it increases the risk of exposure to rising interest rates and can result in funding costs rising faster than asset yields. We expect to limit our interest rate risk by selling a majority of the fixed rate mortgage loans that we originate and retaining for the most part loans with adjustable rate features.

 

Contractual principal repayments of loans do not necessarily reflect the actual term of our loan portfolio. The average lives of mortgage loans are substantially less than their contractual terms because of loan prepayments and because of enforcement of due-on-sale clauses, which gives us the right to declare a loan immediately due and payable in the event, among other things, the borrower sells the real property subject to the mortgage and the loan is not repaid. In addition, certain borrowers increase their equity in the security property by making payments in excess of those required under the terms of the mortgage.

 

Results of operations

 

We recorded net income of $468,000, or $0.16 per fully diluted share, in 2008, compared to net income of $1,001,000, or $0.37 per fully diluted share, in 2007, and $1,399,000, or $0.59 per fully diluted share, in 2006.

 

Loans, net of the allowance for loan losses and deferred fees, and deposits, the primary sources of income and expense for the Company, have grown as follows:

 

 

 

This growth in loans and deposits resulted in net interest income increasing from $10,233,000 in 2006, to $11,859,000 in 2007 and to $13,102,000 in 2008. However, net interest income as a percentage of average assets has steadily declined the last two years, from 4.2% in 2006 to 3.5% in 2007 and to 3.0% in 2008. The growth in net interest income has not kept pace with the growth of the Company. This is attributable to a declining net interest margin, from 4.48% in 2006 to 3.80% in 2007 and to 3.27% in 2008. This declining interest margin resulted from declines in short-term interest rates as discussed previously. If rates stabilize in 2009, we should experience an improvement in our net interest margin that will have a positive impact on profitability. Management expects growth to significantly moderate in 2009 due to the depressed economy and related lack of loan demand.

 

In addition to the declining net interest margin, profitability has also been negatively impacted the last two years by increasing provisions for loan losses The provision for loan losses increased from $796,000 in 2006 to $1,187,000 in 2007, and to $2,006,000 in 2008. These increases in provisions for loan losses are attributable to the growth in our loan portfolio and a deterioration in asset quality as the depressed economy has negatively impacted the ability of our borrowers to repay us. Unless the economy improves, we could experience another increase in the allowance for loan losses in 2009.

 

Noninterest income increased to $4,185,000 in 2008 from $2,667,000 in 2007, an increase of $1,518,000, or 57%. This increase was primarily attributable to increased service charges and fees on transactional deposit accounts of $412,000 and an increase in gain on sale of loans of $868,000. Transactional deposits grew by $26,112,000, or 47%, in 2008 as a result of the maturing of our branch network coupled with the addition of the deposits of River City Bank, resulting in the increase in service charges and fees. The gain on sale of loans resulted from an increase in loan production by our mortgage company, from $67 million in loan closings in 2007 to $100 million in 2008. Noninterest income increased to $2,667,000 in 2007 from $2,483,000 in 2006, an increase of $184,000, or 7%. This increase was primarily attributable to increased service charges and fees on transactional deposit accounts as such deposits grew by $6,063,000, or 12% in 2007.

 

Noninterest expense increased from $9,817,000 in 2006, to $11,821,000 in 2007 and to

 

$14,572,000 in 2008. These increases in noninterest expense resulted primarily from the addition of new branches and the growth in the Company overall, including the merger with River City Bank in 2008. The primary increase in noninterest expense over the last three years has come in salaries and benefits, which increased from $5,728,000 in 2006 to $6,843,000 in 2007, and to $7,976,000 in 2008. Other growth related increases were increases in occupancy of $364,000 in 2008 and $219,000 in 2007, and data processing of $244,000 in 2008 and $115,000 in 2007. Also contributing to the increases were increases in the FDIC insurance premium of $225,000 in 2008 and $109,000 in 2007.

 

Interest rate risk

 

Profitability may be directly affected by the levels of and fluctuations in interest rates, which affect our ability to earn a spread between interest received on loans and investments and the costs of deposits and borrowings. Our profitability is likely to be adversely affected during any period of unexpected or rapid changes in interest rates. For example, as the Federal Reserve rapidly decreased short-term interest rates in 2007 and 2008, our net interest margin declined significantly from 4.48% in 2006 to 3.80% in 2007 and to 3.27% in 2008.

 

The sale of fixed rate product is intended to protect the Company from precipitous changes in the general level of interest rates. The valuation of adjustable rate mortgage loans is not as directly dependent on the level of interest rates as is the value of fixed rate loans. Decisions to hold or sell adjustable rate mortgage loans are based on the need for such loans in our portfolio, which is influenced by the level of market interest rates and our asset/liability management strategy. As with our other investments, we regularly monitor the appropriateness of the level of adjustable rate mortgage loans in our portfolio and may decide from time to time to sell such loans and reinvest the proceeds in other adjustable rate investments.

 

Net interest income

 

Net interest income is our primary source of earnings and represents the difference between interest and fees earned on interest-earning assets and the interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The level of net interest income is affected primarily by variations in the volume and mix of those assets and liabilities, as well as changes in interest rates when compared to previous periods of operation.

 

Net interest income for 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $13,102,000, $11,859,000, and $10,233,000, respectively. The increases in net interest income of $1,244,000, or 10%, in 2008 and $1,626,000, or 16%, in 2007 are a direct result of increases in loans, from $323,874,000 at December 31, 2007 to $464,663,000 at December 31, 2008, an increase of $140,789,000, or 43%, and from $238,498,000 at December 31, 2006 to $323,874,000 at December 31, 2007, an increase of $685,376,000, or 36%. These increases in loans were funded primarily by increases in deposits.

 

Average interest-earning assets increased by $88,384,000, or 28%, in 2008 and by $83,744,000, or 37%, in 2007. These increases in interest-earning assets were due primarily to the growth of our loan portfolio. However, the average yield on interest-earning assets decreased to 7.26% in 2008 from 8.22% in 2007 and 8.33% in 2006. Many of our loans are indexed to short-term rates affected by the Federal Reserve’s decisions about short-term interest rates, and, accordingly, as the Federal Reserve increases or decreases short-term rates, the yield on interest-earning assets is affected. As the Federal Reserve decreased interest rates starting in 2007 and into 2008, decreasing short-term interest rates by 5% over twelve months, the average yield on our interest-earning assets decreased.

 

Our average interest-bearing liabilities increased by $96,873,000, or 34%, in 2008 and by $81,978,000, or 40%, in 2007. These increases in interest-bearing liabilities were due to strong growth in deposits of $70,322,000 in 2008 and $75,640,000 in 2007 as well as borrowings of $19,990,000 in 2008 and $3,268,000 in 2007. The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased to 4.18% in 2008 from 4.84% in 2007 and 4.33% in 2006. The significant decrease in our cost of funds in 2008 is a result of decreases in short-term interest rates by the Federal Reserve in 2007 and 2008. The increase in our cost of funds in 2007 was also a result of interest rate changes

 

by the Federal Reserve as they increased short-term interest rates in 2005 and 2006. As with our interest-earning assets, the declines in the short-term interest rates by the Federal Reserve also reduced the interest rates we pay on interest-bearing liabilities in 2008, however, the reduction in interest rates on our interest-bearing liabilities has been slower than the reduction of interest rates on our interest-earning assets as the liabilities generally do not reprice as quickly as the assets. Consequently, our net interest income, the primary source of our earnings, is negatively impacted as long as short-term interest rates continue to be reduced by the Federal Reserve. See “Interest rate sensitivity” on page 41 for further discussion of the repricing of assets and liabilities.

 

The following table illustrates average balances of total interest-earning assets and total interest-bearing liabilities for the periods indicated, showing the average distribution of assets, liabilities, shareholders’ equity and related income, expense and corresponding weighted-average yields and rates. The average balances used in these tables and other statistical data were calculated using daily average balances. We have no tax exempt assets for the periods presented.

 

Interest income and interest expense are affected by changes in both average interest rates and average volumes of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  The following table

 

analyzes changes in net interest income attributable to changes in the volume of interest-sensitive assets and liabilities compared to changes in interest rates. Nonaccrual loans are included in average loans outstanding. The changes in interest due to both rate and volume have been allocated to changes due to volume and changes due to rate in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the changes in each.

 

 

Provision for loan losses

 

The provision for loan losses for 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $2,006,000, $1,187,000, and $796,000, respectively. The increases of 69% in 2008 and 49% in 2007 are a result of a continued increase in loans outstanding as well as an increase in loan charge-offs in 2008 of $2,243,000. Gross loans increased by $143,142,000 in 2008 (primarily as a result of the merger with River City Bank), and $86,386,000 in 2007. The volume of our charge-offs in 2008 is higher than for all previous years the Company has been in existence and reflects the significant downturn in the economy in 2008. If the economy continues to be depressed we could continue to see loan charge-offs at higher levels than we have experienced in 2008, which would have a detrimental effect on future profitability. The amount of the loan loss provision is determined by an evaluation of the level of loans outstanding, the level of non-performing loans, historical loan loss experience, delinquency trends, underlying collateral values, the amount of actual losses charged to the reserve in a given period and assessment of present and anticipated economic conditions.

 

Noninterest income

 

Noninterest income includes service charges and fees on deposit accounts, fee income related to

 

loan origination, and gains and losses on sale of mortgage loans and securities held for sale. Over the last three years the most significant noninterest income item has been gain on loan sales generated by Village Bank Mortgage, representing 61% in 2006 and 57% in both 2007 and 2008 of total noninterest income. Noninterest income amounted to $2,483,000 in 2006, $2,667,000 in 2007 and $4,185,000 in 2008. The increase in noninterest income in 2008 of $1,518,000 is primarily attributable to increased service charges and fees on transactional deposit accounts of $412,000 and an increase in gain on sale of loans of $868,000. Transactional deposits grew by $26,112,000, or 47%, in 2008 as a result of the maturing of our branch network coupled with the addition of the deposits of River City Bank, resulting in the increase in service charges and fees. The gain on sale of loans resulted from an increase in loan production by our mortgage company, from $67 million in loan closings in 2007 to $100 million in 2008. Despite the depressed economic conditions in 2008, the mortgage company was able to increase loan production due to the addition of new loan officers. Management expects the mortgage company to further increase loan production in 2009 due to declining mortgage loan interest rates that will allow more borrowers to qualify for loans and provide refinance opportunities for existing home owners.

 

Noninterest expense

 

Noninterest expense includes all expenses of the Company with the exception of interest expense on deposits and borrowings, provision for loan losses and income taxes. Some of the primary components of noninterest expense are salaries and benefits, and occupancy and equipment costs. Noninterest expense increased from $9,817,000 in 2006, to $11,821,000 in 2007 and to $14,572,000 in 2008. These increases in noninterest expense resulted from the addition of new branches and the growth in the Company overall as well as the merger with River City Bank in 2008. The primary increase in noninterest expense over the last three years has come in salaries and benefits, which increased from $5,728,000 in 2006 to $6,843,000 in 2007, and to $7,976,000 in 2008. Other growth related increases in 2008 were increases in occupancy of $364,000, data processing of $244,000 and equipment of $93,000. Also contributing to the increase in 2008 were increases in the FDIC insurance premium of $225,000, audit and accounting of $194,000 and loan underwriting of $271,000

 

Income taxes

 

Tax expense amounted to $241,000, $516,000 and $703,000 in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The $275,000 decline in income tax expense in 2008 and $187,000 decline in 2007 were attributable to the lower taxable income in both years.

 

Commercial banking organizations conducting business in Virginia are not subject to Virginia income taxes. Instead, they are subject to a franchise tax based on bank capital. The Bank recorded a franchise tax expense of $180,000, $210,000 and $122,000 for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Loans

 

The following tables present the composition of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated and maturities of selected loans at December 31, 2008.

 

 

 

Allowance for loan losses

 

The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of the losses that may be sustained in our loan portfolio. The allowance is based on two basic principals of accounting: (i)Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 5 Accounting for Contingencies, which requires that losses be accrued when they are probable of occurring and estimatable and (ii) SFAS 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan, which requires that losses be accrued based on the differences between the value of collateral, present value of future cash flows or values that are observable in the secondary market and the loan balance. An allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses based upon industry standards, known risk characteristics, management’s evaluation of the risk inherent in the loan portfolio and changes in the nature and volume of loan activity. Such evaluation considers among other factors, the estimated market value of the underlying collateral, and current economic conditions.

 

The level of the allowance for loan losses is determined by an ongoing detailed analysis of risk and loss potential within the portfolio as a whole. Outside of our own analysis, our reserve adequacy and methodology are reviewed on a regular basis by an independent firm and bank regulators.

 

The overall allowance for loan losses is equivalent to approximately 1.29% of total loans net of deferred fees. The schedule below, Allocation of the Allowance for Loan Losses, reflects the pro rata allocation by the different loan types. The methodology as to how the allowance was derived is

 

a combination of specific allocations and percentage allocations of the unallocated portion of the allowance for loan losses, as discussed below. The Company has developed a comprehensive risk weighting system based on individual loan characteristics that enables the Company to allocate the composition of the allowance for loan losses by types of loans.

 

The methodology as to how the allowance was derived is detailed below. Unallocated amounts included in the allowance for loan losses have been applied to the loan classifications on a percentage basis.

 

Adequacy of the reserve is assessed, and appropriate expense and charge-offs are taken, no less frequently than at the close of each fiscal quarter end. The methodology by which we systematically determine the amount of our reserve is set forth by the board of directors in our Loan Policy. Under this Policy, management is charged with ensuring that each loan is individually evaluated and the portfolio characteristics are evaluated to arrive at an appropriate aggregate reserve. The results of the analysis are documented, reviewed and approved by the board of directors no less than quarterly. The following elements are considered in this analysis: individual loan risk ratings, lending staff changes, loan review and board oversight, loan policies and procedures, portfolio trends with respect to volume, delinquency, composition/concentrations of credit, risk rating migration, levels of classified credit, off-balance sheet credit exposure, any other factors considered relevant from time to time (the “general reserve”); loss estimates on specific problem credits (the “specific reserve”), and, finally, an “unallocated reserve” to cover any unforeseen factors as a result of current economic conditions. Each of the reserve components, general, specific and unallocated are discussed in further detail below.

 

With respect to the general reserve, all loans are graded or “Risk Rated” individually for loss potential at the time of origination and as warranted thereafter, but no less frequently than quarterly. Loss potential factors are applied based upon a blend of the following criteria: our own direct experience; our collective management experience in administering similar loan portfolios in the market; and peer data contained in statistical releases issued by the FDIC. Management’s collective experience at this company and other banks is the most heavily weighted criterion, and the weighting is subjective and varies by loan type, amount, collateral, structure, and repayment terms. Prevailing economic conditions generally and within each individual borrower’s business sector are considered, as well as any changes in the borrower’s own financial position and, in the case of commercial loans, management structure and business operations.

 

When deterioration develops in an individual credit, the loan is placed on a “Watch List” and the loan is monitored more closely. All loans on the watch list are evaluated for specific loss potential based upon either an evaluation of the liquidated value of the collateral or cash flow deficiencies. If management believes that, with respect to a specific loan, an impaired source of repayment, collateral impairment or a change in a debtor’s financial condition presents a heightened risk of non-performance of a particular loan, a portion of the reserve may be specifically allocated to that individual loan. The aggregation of this loan by loan loss analysis comprises the specific reserve.

 

The unallocated reserve is maintained to absorb risk factors outside of the general and specific reserves. To arrive at the unallocated reserve, the loan portfolio is “shocked” or downgraded by a certain percentage based on management’s subjective assessment of the state of the economy.

 

The allowance for loan losses was $6,059,000, $3,469,000 and $2,553,000 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The ratio of the allowance for loan losses to gross loans was 1.29% at December 31, 2008, and 1.06% at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006. The increase in the allowance for loan losses in 2008 is attributable to the increase in loans outstanding, primarily as a result of the merger with River City Bank, and a deterioration of asset quality. We believe the amount of the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2008 is adequate to absorb the losses that can reasonably be anticipated from the loan portfolio at that date.

 

The following table presents an analysis of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated.

 

 

 

We have allocated the allowance for loan losses according to the amount deemed to be reasonably necessary to provide for the possibility of losses being incurred within each of the categories of loans. The allocation of the allowance as shown in the table below should not be interpreted as an indication that losses in future years will occur in the same proportions or that the allocation indicates future loss trends. Furthermore, the portion allocated to each loan category is not the total amount available for future losses that might occur within such categories since the total allowance is a general allowance applicable to the entire portfolio.

 

 

Asset quality

 

The following table summarizes asset quality information at the dates indicated:

 

 

 

Interest is accrued on outstanding loan principal balances, unless the Company considers collection to be doubtful. Commercial and unsecured consumer loans are designated as non-accrual when the Company considers collection doubtful. Mortgage loans and most other types of consumer loans past due 90 days or more may remain on accrual status if management determines that concern over our ability to collect principal and interest is not significant. When loans are placed in non-accrual status, previously accrued and unpaid interest is reversed against interest income in the current period and interest is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash is received. Interest accruals are resumed on such loans only when in the judgment of management, the loans are estimated to be fully collectible as to both principal and interest.

 

At December 31, 2008, the Company had three loans totaling $1,369,000 which were considered impaired and have specific allowances for loan losses totaling $235,000. The gross interest income that would have been earned in 2008 if the loans classified as nonaccrual had been current in accordance with the original terms was $95,000. Forty three loans totaling $6,197,000 at December 31, 2008 were past due 90 days or more and interest was still being accrued as such amounts were considered collectible. The increase in nonaccrual loans is due to the economic condition. Given that the nonaccrual loans are considered higher risk loans the allowance calculated on these loans is higher. The increase in nonaccrual loans has contributed to the higher overall allowance for loan loss at December 31, 2008.

 

Investment portfolio

 

At December 31, 2008 and 2007, all of our securities were classified as available-for-sale. The following table presents the composition of our investment portfolio at the dates indicated

 

 

Deposits

 

The following table gives the composition of our deposits at the dates indicated.

 

 

Total deposits increased by 37%, 34% and 36% in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

The variety of deposit accounts offered by the Company has allowed us to be competitive in obtaining funds and has allowed us to respond with flexibility to, although not to eliminate, the threat of disintermediation (the flow of funds away from depository institutions such as banking institutions into direct investment vehicles such as government and corporate securities). Our ability to attract and retain deposits, and our cost of funds, has been, and will continue to be, significantly affected by money market conditions.

 

The following table is a schedule of average balances and average rates paid for each deposit category for the periods presented:

 

 

 

The following table is a schedule of maturities for time deposits of $100,000 or more at December 31, 2008.

 

 

Borrowings

 

We utilize borrowings to supplement deposits when they are available at a lower overall cost to us or they can be invested at a positive rate of return.

 

As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”), the Bank is required to own capital stock in the FHLB and is authorized to apply for borrowings from the FHLB. Each FHLB credit program has its own interest rate, which may be fixed or variable, and range of maturities. The FHLB may prescribe the acceptable uses to which the advances may be put, as well as on the size of the advances and repayment provisions. Borrowings from the FHLB were $25,000,000 and $12,000,000 at December 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively. The FHLB advances are secured by the pledge of residential mortgage loans and our FHLB stock. Available borrowings at December 31, 2008 were approximately $15 million.

 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, which totaled $9,425,000 as of December 31, 2008, are classified as borrowings in accordance with the provisions of FAS 140 “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities” and generally mature within one to four days from the transaction date. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are reflected at the amount of cash received in connection with the transaction. The Company may be required to provide additional collateral based on the fair value of the underlying securities.

 

Federal funds purchased represent unsecured borrowings from other banks and generally mature daily. We did not have any purchased federal funds at December 31, 2008 or 2007.

 

On September 24, 2008 the Company obtained a note payable from Virginia Community Bank for $2,250,000 bearing interest at 5% payable quarterly and maturing September 24, 2009.

 

On September 12, 2007, the Company entered into a promissory note payable to Community Bankers’ Bank for $11,000,000 bearing interest at thirty day LIBOR plus 2.375% and maturing September 12, 2009. Interest on any outstanding balance is paid monthly with principal due at maturity. Proceeds advanced under the promissory note were used to finance the construction of the Company’s new principal administrative offices in Chesterfield County which was completed in July 2008. The balances outstanding were $10,021,871 and $2,836,090 at December 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively.

 

Contractual obligations and other commitments

 

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. The contractual amounts of these

 

38

instruments reflect the extent of the Company’s involvement in particular classes of financial instruments.

 

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instruments for commitments to extend credit and letters of credit written is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. Unless noted otherwise, the Company does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments with credit risk.

 

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments may expire without being completely drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

 

Capital resources

 

Stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2008 was $46,163,000, compared to $26,893,000 at December 31, 2007 and $25,644,000 at December 31, 2006. During the third quarter of 2008, the Company took steps to increase the capital position of both the Company and the Bank in connection with the planned merger with River City Bank. Such actions were taken, in part, to allow the FDIC to consider the merger application on an expedited/delegated basis. In that regard, the Company issued 59,885 shares of common stock and received proceeds of $500,000 as a result of the exercise of previously issued options to its directors, all of which was contributed to the Bank as capital. In addition, the Company obtained a loan for $2,250,000 from Virginia Community Bank of which it contributed $2,000,000 to the Bank as capital. And lastly, the Company issued 106,250 shares of common stock to the Company’s largest shareholder for proceeds of $850,000, all of which was contributed to the Bank as capital. The merger with River City Bank resulted in an additional $5,764,000 in common stock and $10,505,000 of surplus. All of the above transactions contributed to the $19,270,000 increase in equity during 2008. The $1,249,000 increase in equity during 2007 was due primarily to net income of $1,001,000 for 2007 and $192,000 increase in the market value of investments. The proceeds from the issuance of stock was attributable to the exercise of stock warrants and related issuance of common stock discussed in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and, to a much lesser extent, the exercise of stock options.

 

During the first quarter of 2005, the Company issued $5.2 million in Trust Preferred Capital Notes to increase its regulatory capital and to help fund its expected growth in 2005. During the third quarter of 2007, the Company issued $3.6 million in Trust Preferred Capital Notes to partially fund the construction of an 80,000 square foot headquarters building scheduled for completion in January 2008. The Trust Preferred Capital Notes may be included in Tier 1 capital for regulatory capital adequacy determination purposes up to 25% of Tier 1 capital after its inclusion. See Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a more detailed discussion of the Trust Preferred Capital Notes.

 

The following table presents the composition of regulatory capital and the capital ratios at the dates indicated.

 

 

Federal regulatory agencies are required by law to adopt regulations defining five capital tiers: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, under capitalized, significantly under capitalized, and critically under capitalized. The Bank meets the criteria to be categorized as a “well capitalized” institution as of December 31, 2008 and was “adequately capitalized” at December 31, 2007. When capital falls below the “well capitalized” requirement, consequences can include: new branch approval could be withheld; more frequent examinations by the FDIC; brokered deposits cannot be renewed without a waiver from the FDIC; and other potential limitations as described in FDIC Rules and Regulations sections 337.6 and 303, and FDIC Act section 29. In addition, the FDIC insurance assessment increases when an institution falls below the “well capitalized” classification.

 

Liquidity

 

Liquidity provides us with the ability to meet normal deposit withdrawals, while also providing for the credit needs of customers. We are committed to maintaining liquidity at a level sufficient to protect depositors, provide for reasonable growth, and fully comply with all regulatory requirements.

 

At December 31, 2008, cash, cash equivalents and investment securities available-for-sale totaled $50,902,000, or 8.8% of total assets.

 

At December 31, 2008, we had commitments to originate $88,892,000 of loans. Fixed commitments to incur capital expenditures were less than $25,000 at December 31, 2008. Certificates of deposit scheduled to mature in the 12-month period ending December 31, 2008 total $301,200,000. We believe that a significant portion of such deposits will remain with us. We further believe that deposit growth, loan repayments and other sources of funds will be adequate to meet our foreseeable short-term and long-term liquidity needs.

 

Interest rate sensitivity

 

An important element of asset/liability management is the monitoring of our sensitivity to interest rate movements. In order to measure the effects of interest rates on our net interest income, management takes into consideration the expected cash flows from the securities and loan portfolios and the expected magnitude of the repricing of specific asset and liability categories. We evaluate interest sensitivity risk and then formulate guidelines to manage this risk based on management’s outlook regarding the economy, forecasted interest rate movements and other business factors. Our goal is to maximize and stabilize the net interest margin by limiting exposure to interest rate changes.

 

Contractual principal repayments of loans do not necessarily reflect the actual term of our loan portfolio. The average lives of mortgage loans are substantially less than their contractual terms because of loan prepayments and because of enforcement of due-on-sale clauses, which gives us the right to declare a loan immediately due and payable in the event, among other things, the borrower sells the real property subject to the mortgage and the loan is not repaid. In addition, certain borrowers increase their equity in the security property by making payments in excess of those required under the terms of the mortgage.

 

The sale of fixed rate loans is intended to protect us from precipitous changes in the general level of interest rates. The valuation of adjustable rate mortgage loans is not as directly dependent on the level of interest rates as is the value of fixed rate loans. As with other investments, we regularly monitor the appropriateness of the level of adjustable rate mortgage loans in our portfolio and may decide from time to time to sell such loans and reinvest the proceeds in other adjustable rate investments.

 

The data in the following table reflects repricing or expected maturities of various assets and liabilities at December 31, 2008. The gap analysis represents the difference between interest-sensitive assets and liabilities in a specific time interval. Interest sensitivity gap analysis presents a position that existed at one particular point in time, and assumes that assets and liabilities with similar repricing characteristics will reprice at the same time and to the same degree.

 

 

 

 

At December 31, 2008, our liabilities that reprice within one year exceeded assets that reprice within one year by $90,494,000 and therefore we were in a liability-sensitive position. A negative gap can adversely affect earnings in periods of increasing interest rates. This negative position is due primarily to the short maturity of certificates of deposit.

 

Critical accounting policies

 

The financial condition and results of operations presented in the financial statements, accompanying notes to the financial statements and management’s discussion and analysis are, to a large degree, dependent upon the Company’s accounting policies. The selection and application of these accounting policies involve judgments, estimates, and uncertainties that are susceptible to change.

 

Presented below is discussion of those accounting policies that management believes are the most

 

important accounting policies to the portrayal and understanding of our financial condition and results of operations. These critical accounting policies require management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. In the event that different assumptions or conditions were to prevail, and depending upon the severity of such changes, the possibility of materially different financial condition or results of operations is a reasonable likelihood. See also Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

We monitor and maintain an allowance for loan losses to absorb an estimate of probable losses inherent in our loan portfolio. We maintain policies and procedures that address the systems of controls over the following areas of maintenance of the allowance: the systematic methodology used to determine the appropriate level of the allowance to provide assurance they are maintained in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; the accounting policies for loan charge-offs and recoveries; the assessment and measurement of impairment in the loan and lease portfolio; and the loan grading system.

 

We evaluate various loans individually for impairment as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan, and SFAS 118, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan - Income Recognition and Disclosures. Loans evaluated individually for impairment include non-performing loans, such as loans on non-accrual, loans past due by 90 days or more, restructured loans and other loans selected by management. The evaluations are based upon discounted expected cash flows or collateral valuations. If the evaluation shows that a loan is individually impaired, then a specific reserve is established for the amount of impairment. If a loan evaluated individually is not impaired, then the loan is assessed for impairment under SFAS 5, Accounting for Contingencies, with a group of loans that have similar characteristics.

 

For loans without individual measures of impairment, we make estimates of losses for groups of loans as required by SFAS 5. Loans are grouped by similar characteristics, including the type of loan, the assigned loan classification and the general collateral type. A loss rate reflecting the expected loss inherent in a group of loans is derived based upon estimates of default rates for a given loan grade, the predominant collateral type for the group and the terms of the loan. The resulting estimate of losses for groups of loans is adjusted for relevant environmental factors and other conditions of the portfolio of loans and leases, including: borrower and industry concentrations; levels and trends in delinquencies, charge-offs and recoveries; changes in underwriting standards and risk selection; level of experience, ability and depth of lending management; and national and local economic conditions.

 

The amount of estimated impairment for individually evaluated loans and groups of loans is added together for a total estimate of loan losses. This estimate of losses is compared to our allowance for loan losses as of the evaluation date and, if the estimate of losses is greater than the allowance, an additional provision to the allowance would be made. If the estimate of losses is less than the allowance, the degree to which the allowance exceeds the estimate is evaluated to determine whether the allowance falls outside a range of estimates. If the estimate of losses is below the range of reasonable estimates, the allowance would be reduced by way of a credit to the provision for loan losses. We recognize the inherent imprecision in estimates of losses due to various uncertainties and variability related to the factors used, and therefore a reasonable range around the estimate of losses is derived and used to ascertain whether the allowance is too high. If different assumptions or conditions were to prevail and it is determined that the allowance is not adequate to absorb the new estimate of probable losses, an additional provision for loan losses would be made, which amount may be material to the Financial Statements.

 

New accounting standards

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. This Statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the Board having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute. The Statement does not

 

require any new fair value measurements and was initially effective for the Corporation beginning January 1, 2008. In February 2008, the FASB approved the issuance of FASB Staff Position (FSP) FAS 157-2. FSP FAS 157-2 defers the effective date of SFAS No. 157 until January 1, 2009 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities except those items recognized or disclosed at fair value on an annual or more frequently recurring basis. Management has not completed its review of the new guidance; however, the effect of the Statement’s implementation is not expected to be material to the Corporation’s results of operations or financial position.

 

On October 10, 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” (“FSP 157-3”). FSP 157-3 clarifies the application of FAS 157 in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market for that financial asset is not active. The issuance of FSP 157-3 did not have any impact on the Company’s determination of fair value for its financial assets.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities-including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assts and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. This Statement is expected to expand the use of fair value measurement, which is consistent with the Board’s long-term measurement objectives for accounting for financial instruments. This Statement became effective for the Company on January 1, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 159 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In November 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 109, “Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value Through Earnings” (“SAB 109”). SAB 109 expresses the current view of the SEC staff that the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan should be included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. SEC registrants are expected to apply this guidance on a prospective basis to derivative loan commitments issued or modified in the first quarter of 2008 and thereafter. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations,” (“SFAS 141(R)”) which replaces SFAS 141. SFAS 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any controlling interest; recognizes and measures goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141(R) is effective for acquisitions by the Company taking place on or after January 1, 2009. Early adoption is prohibited. The Company does not expect the adoption of this statement to have a material effect on our results of operations or financial position as of December 31, 2008, however, it will impact the accounting for acquisitions subsequent to the effective date.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements-an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Before this statement, limited guidance existed for reporting non-controlling interests (minority interest). As a result, diversity in practice exists. In some cases minority interest is reported as a liability and in others it is reported in the mezzanine section between liabilities and equity. Specifically, SFAS 160 requires the recognition of a non-controlling interest (minority interest) as equity in the consolidated financials statements and separate from the parent’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to the non-controlling interest will be included in consolidated net income on the face of the income statement. SFAS 160 clarifies that changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity

 

transactions if the parent retains its controlling financial interest. In addition, this statement requires that a parent recognize gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss will be measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date. SFAS 160 also includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its non-controlling interests. SFAS 160 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. Earlier adoption is prohibited. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment of FASB statement No. 133”. SFAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related items are accounted for under Statement 133 and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. The new standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

Impact of inflation and changing prices

 

The financial statements in this document have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars, without consideration of changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation.

 

Unlike industrial companies, most of the assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on a financial institution’s performance than the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as the price of goods and services, since such prices are affected by inflation.

 

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 

The consolidated financial statements and related footnotes of the Company are presented below.

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

Board of Directors

Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp.

Midlothian, Virginia

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp. and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp. and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

 

 

 

 

Richmond, Virginia

March 27, 2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp. and Subsidiary

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

 

 

The accounting and reporting policies of Village Bank and Trust Financial Corp. and subsidiary (the “Company”) conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and to general practice within the banking industry. The following is a description of the more significant of those policies:

 

Business

The Company is the holding company of and successor to the Village Bank (the ”Bank”). Effective April 30, 2004, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of the Bank in a statutory share exchange transaction. In the transaction, the shares of the Bank’s common stock were exchanged for shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $4.00 per share (“Common Stock”), on a one-for-one basis. As a result, the Bank became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, the Company became the holding company for the Bank and the shareholders of the Bank became shareholders of the Company.

 

The Bank opened to the public on December 13, 1999 as a traditional community bank offering deposit and loan services to individuals and businesses in the Richmond, Virginia metropolitan area. During 2003, the Bank acquired or formed three wholly owned subsidiaries, Village Bank Mortgage Corporation (“Village Mortgage”), a full service mortgage banking company, Village Insurance Agency, Inc. (“Village Insurance”), a full service property and casualty insurance agency, and Village Financial Services Corporation (“Village Financial Services”), a financial services company. Through these subsidiaries, the Bank provides a broad array of financial services to its customers.

 

On October 14, 2008, the Company completed its merger with River City Bank pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization and Merger, dated as of March 9, 2008, by and among the Company, the Bank and River City Bank. The merger had previously been approved by both companies’ shareholders at their respective annual meetings on September 30, 2008 as well as the banking regulators.

 

The Company is subject to intense competition from existing bank holding companies, commercial banks and savings banks which have been in business for many years and have established customer bases. Competition also comes from a variety of other non-bank businesses that offer financial services. Many of these competitors operate in the same geographic market where the Company operates, are well-known with long-standing relationships with businesses and individuals in the communities, and are substantially larger with greater resources than the Company.

 

The Bank is also subject to regulations of certain federal and state agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities. As a consequence of the extensive regulation of commercial banking activities, the Bank’s business is susceptible to being affected by state and federal legislation and regulations.

 

The majority of the Company’s real estate loans are collateralized by properties in markets in the Richmond, Virginia metropolitan area. Accordingly, the ultimate collectibility of those loans collateralized by real estate is particularly susceptible to changes in market conditions in the Richmond area.

 

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, the Bank and the Bank’s subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the dates of the statements of financial condition and revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. A material estimate that is particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relates to the determination of the allowance for loan losses.

 

Investment securities

At the time of purchase, debt securities are classified into the following categories: held-to-maturity, available-for-sale or trading. Debt securities that the Company has both the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity. Held-to-maturity securities are stated at amortized cost adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on purchase using a method that approximates the effective interest method. Investments classified as trading or available-for-sale are stated at fair market value. Changes in fair value of trading investments are included in current earnings while changes in fair value of available-for-sale investments are excluded from current earnings and reported, net of taxes, as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Presently, the Company does not maintain a portfolio of trading securities.

 

A decline in the market value of any available-for-sale or held-to-maturity security below cost that is deemed other than temporary results in a charge to earnings and the corresponding establishment of a new cost basis for the security. No such declines have occurred.

 

Interest income is recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses for securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of securities sold.

 

Loans held for sale

The Company, through the Bank’s mortgage banking subsidiary, Village Bank Mortgage, originates residential mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market. Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value on an individual loan basis as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. The Company requires a firm purchase commitment from a permanent investor before a loan can be closed, thus limiting interest rate risk. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income.

 

Residential mortgage loans held for sale are sold to the permanent investor with the mortgage servicing rights released. Gains or losses on sales of mortgage loans are recognized based on the difference between the selling price and the carrying value of the related mortgage loans sold. This difference arises primarily as a result of the value of the mortgage servicing rights.

 

Once a residential mortgage loan is sold to a permanent investor, the Company has no further involvement or retained interest in the loan. There are limited circumstances in which the permanent investor can contractually require the Company to repurchase the loan. The Company makes no provision for any such recourse related to loans sold as history has shown repurchase of loans under these circumstances has been remote.

 

Rate lock commitments

The Company, through the Bank’s mortgage banking subsidiary, Village Bank Mortgage, enters into commitments to originate residential mortgage loans in which the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding, termed rate lock commitments. Such rate lock commitments on mortgage loans to be sold in the secondary market are considered to be derivatives and must be accounted for as such. The period of time between issuance of a loan commitment and closing and sale of the loan generally ranges from 30 to 120 days. The Company protects itself from changes in interest rates during this period by requiring a firm purchase agreement from a permanent investor before a loan can be closed. As a result, the Company is not exposed to losses nor will it realize gains or losses related to its rate lock commitments due to changes in interest rates.

 

Loans

Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned income. Loan origination fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and amortized to interest income over the life of the loan as an adjustment to the loan’s yield over the term of the loan.

 

Interest is accrued on outstanding principal balances, unless the Company considers collection to be doubtful. Commercial and unsecured consumer loans are designated as non-accrual when payment is delinquent 90 days or at the point which the Company considers collection doubtful, if earlier. Mortgage loans and most other types of consumer loans past due 90 days or more may remain on accrual status if management determines that concern over our ability to collect principal and interest is not significant. When loans are placed in non-accrual status, previously accrued and unpaid interest is reversed against interest income in the current period and interest is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash is received. Interest accruals are resumed on such loans only when in the judgment of management, the loans are estimated to be fully collectible as to both principal and interest.

 

Allowance for loan losses

The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

 

The allowance represents an amount that, in management’s judgment, will be adequate to absorb any losses on existing loans that may become uncollectible. Management’s judgment in determining the adequacy of the allowance is based on evaluations of the collectibility of loans while taking into consideration such factors as changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions which may affect a borrower’s ability to repay, overall portfolio quality, and review of specific potential losses. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

 

The allowance consists of general, specific and unallocated components. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. The specific component relates to loans that we have concluded, based on the value of collateral, guarantees and any other pertinent factors, have known losses. For such loans that are also classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.

 

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the

 

Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial and construction loans by either the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

 

Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures.

 

Premises and equipment

Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of buildings and improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets of 39 years. Depreciation of equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from 3 to 7 years. Amortization of premises (leasehold improvements) is computed using the straight-line method over the term of the lease or estimated lives of the improvements, whichever is shorter.

 

Goodwill

Goodwill, which represents the excess of purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired, is evaluated at least annually for impairment by comparing its fair value with its recorded amount and is written down when appropriate. Projected net operating cash flows are compared to the carrying amount of the goodwill recorded and if the estimated net operating cash flows are less than the carrying amount, a loss is recognized to reduce the carrying amount to fair value. No impairment was recognized on goodwill during the period ended December 31, 2008.

 

Income taxes

Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of “temporary differences” by applying enacted tax rates applicable to future years to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities. The effect on recorded deferred income taxes of a change in tax laws or rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. To the extent that available evidence about the future raises doubt about the realization of a deferred income tax asset, a valuation allowance is established. The primary temporary differences are the allowance for loan losses and depreciation and amortization.

 

Consolidated statements of cash flows

For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, due from banks (including cash items in process of collection), interest-bearing deposits with banks and federal funds sold. Generally, federal funds are purchased and sold for one-day periods. Cash flows from loans originated by the Bank and deposits are reported net. The Company paid interest of $15,543,000, $13,649,000 and $8,578,000 in 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. The Company paid income taxes of $260,000, $800,400 and $986,000 in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Non-cash investing activities included loans converted to real estate owned of $2,662,000 in 2008 and $270,000 in 2007.

 

Comprehensive income

SFAS 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, established standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income, its components and accumulated balances. Comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures, SFAS 130 requires that all items that are required to be recognized under current accounting standards as components of comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements.

 

Earnings per common share

Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing the net earnings by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, which totaled 3,013,175, 2,569,529 and 2,269,092 during 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in the net earnings of the Company. Outstanding options and warrants to purchase Common Stock (see Notes 13 and 14) were considered in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the years presented. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the weighted average number of common shares on a fully diluted basis totaled 3,013,622, 2,695,010 and 2,368,686, respectively.

 

Stock warrant and incentive plans

On March 21, 2000, the Company approved the Organizational Investors Warrant Plan which made available 140,000 warrants for grant to the Company’s initial (organizational) investors for certain risks associated with the establishment of the Bank. The warrants had an exercise price of $10 per share (which approximated the fair value per share of common stock at issuance date) and expired on April 30, 2008. Prior to expiration, warrants to purchase 47,500 shares were exercised resulting in $475,000 in additional capital.

 

In September and October 2002, the Company completed an offering of units, each of which consisted of one share of its common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of its common stock, through the sale of 817,200 units at a price of $8.50 per unit. Proceeds to the Company from the offering (net of offering expenses of $624,000) were $6,322,000. The share of common stock and warrant that comprised each unit traded together for 45 days after the offering, but subsequently traded separately. The Company also issued 40,860 warrants to the underwriter of the offering. Each warrant entitled the holder to purchase one share of common stock, at a price of $10.20 per share, at any time through September 27, 2007, unless the warrants were cancelled. The warrants could be cancelled after December 31, 2003 by the Company in whole or in part upon 30 days’ written notice if for 20 or more trading days within any period of 30 consecutive trading days, including the last day of the period, the bid price of the stock exceeds $12.75 per share. On April 26, 2006, the Company announced that it would be canceling these warrants effective June 13, 2006 under this provision of the agreement covering the warrants and, on June 13, 2006, the warrants that were not exercised following this announcement were canceled. The exercise of warrants subject to cancellation resulted in the issuance of 672,638 shares of common stock and the addition of $6,860,908 in capital in the second quarter of 2006.

 

The Company has a stock incentive plan which authorizes the issuance of up to 455,000 shares of common stock (increased from 255,000 shares by amendment to the Incentive Plan approved by the Company’s shareholders at its 2006 annual meeting on May 23, 2006) to assist the Company in recruiting and retaining key personnel. See Note 14 for more information on the stock incentive plan.

 

Fair values of financial instruments

The fair value information for financial instruments, which is provided below, is based on the requirements of Financial Accounting Standard Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards

 

No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” and does not represent the aggregate net fair value of the Bank. Much of the information used to determine fair value is subjective and judgmental in nature; therefore, fair value estimates, especially for less marketable securities, may vary. The amounts actually realized or paid upon settlement or maturity could be significantly different. The Bank uses the following methods and assumptions in estimating fair values of financial instruments (See Note 17):

 

Cash and cash equivalents – The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value.

 

Investment securities – The fair value of investment securities held-to-maturity and available-for-sale is estimated based on bid quotations received from independent pricing services. The carrying amount of other investments approximates fair value.

 

Loans – For variable rate loans that reprice frequently and have no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. For all other loans, fair values are calculated by discounting the contractual cash flows using estimated market discount rates which reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loans, or by using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities.

 

Deposits – The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as demand, interest checking and money market, and savings accounts, is equal to the amount payable on demand at year-end. The fair value of certificates of deposit is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

 

Borrowings – The fair value of FHLB borrowings is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows using the rates currently offered for borrowings of similar remaining maturities. The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased approximate their fair values. Other borrowings are short-term in nature and the carrying amounts approximate fair value.

 

Accrued interest – The carrying amounts of accrued interest receivable and payable approximate fair value.

 

Off-balance-sheet instruments – The fair value of off-balance-sheet lending commitments is equal to the amount of commitments outstanding at December 31, 2008 of $88,892,000. This is based on the fact that the Bank generally does not offer lending commitments or standby letters of credit to its customers for long periods, and therefore, the underlying rates of the commitments approximate market rates.

 

New accounting pronouncements

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. While the Statement applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, it does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS 157 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In addition, the Statement establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. Lastly, SFAS 157 requires additional disclosures for each interim and annual period separately for each major category of assets and liabilities. SFAS 157 became effective for the Company on January 1, 2008. See Note 17 of the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.

 

In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. 157-2. The staff position delays the effective date of SFAS 157 for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. The delay is intended to allow additional time to consider the effect of various implementation issues with regard to the application of SFAS 157. The new staff position defers the effective date of SFAS No. 157 to January 1, 2009 for items within the scope of the staff position. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of FASB Staff Position No. 157-2 on the consolidated financial statements.

 

On October 10, 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” (“FSP 157-3”). FSP 157-3 clarifies the application of FAS 157 in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market for that financial asset is not active. The issuance of FSP 157-3 did not have any impact on the Company’s determination of fair value for its financial assets.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. This Statement is expected to expand the use of fair value measurement, which is consistent with the Board’s long-term measurement objectives for accounting for financial instruments. This Statement became effective for the Company on January 1, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 159 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In November 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 109, “Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value Through Earnings” (“SAB 109”). SAB 109 expresses the current view of the SEC staff that the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan should be included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. SEC registrants are expected to apply this guidance on a prospective basis to derivative loan commitments issued or modified in the first quarter of 2008 and thereafter. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations,” (“SFAS 141(R)”) which replaces SFAS 141. SFAS 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any controlling interest; recognizes and measures goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141(R) is effective for acquisitions by the Company taking place on or after January 1, 2009. Early adoption is prohibited. Accordingly, a calendar year-end company is required to record and disclose business combinations following existing accounting guidance until January 1, 2009. The Company does not expect the adoption of this statement to have a material effect on our results of operations or financial position as of December 31, 2008, however, it will impact the accounting for acquisitions subsequent to the effective date.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements-an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Before this statement, limited guidance existed for reporting non-

 

controlling interests (minority interest). As a result, diversity in practice exists. In some cases minority interest is reported as a liability and in others it is reported in the mezzanine section between liabilities and equity. Specifically, SFAS 160 requires the recognition of a non-controlling interest (minority interest) as equity in the consolidated financials statements and separate from the parent’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to the non-controlling interest will be included in consolidated net income on the face of the income statement. SFAS 160 clarifies that changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity transactions if the parent retains its controlling financial interest. In addition, this statement requires that a parent recognize gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss will be measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date. SFAS 160 also includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its non-controlling interests. SFAS 160 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. Earlier adoption is prohibited. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment of FASB statement No. 133”. SFAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related items are accounted for under Statement 133 and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. The new standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

 

On September 30, 2008 the Company acquired River City Bank for approximately $20,720,000. The total consideration included approximately $16,269,000 of common stock, representing approximately 1,441,000 shares, and cash of $3,962,244 paid to stockholders of River City Bank. The transaction requires no future contingent consideration payments. The merger of the Company and River City Bank resulted in a combined company with approximately $572 million in assets and increases the Company’s market presence in Henrico County and establishes a presence in Hanover County continuing our goal of expanding our franchise into other counties in the Richmond metropolitan area.

 

Goodwill of $6.7 million has been recorded in this transaction which will not be amortizable and is not deductible for tax purposes. The Company also recorded $809,318 in core deposits intangibles which will be amortized over eight years using the straight line method.

 

This acquisition of River City Bank constituted a business combination under SFAS No. 141 “Business Combinations,” and was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the respective assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the date of acquisition. The excess of purchase price over the fair value of net assets was recorded as goodwill. The purchase price allocation as of December 31, 2008, is subject to revision in future periods, including adjustments that may be necessary upon the filing of the final tax returns for River City Bank.

 

The following is the calculation of the purchase price for the River City Bank acquisition.

 

 

 

The following are the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from River City Bank at September 30, 2008 including the fair value adjustments.

 

 

 

The fair value of certain assts and certain liabilities acquired were based on quoted market prices from reliable market sources. When quoted market prices were not available, the estimated fair values were based upon the best information available, including obtained prices for similar assets and liabilities, and the results using other valuation technologies. The prominent other valuation techniques used were the present value technique and appraisal/third party valuations.

 

The following are the unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 as though River City Bank had been acquired on January 1, 2007:

 

 

 

 

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

 

 

Investment securities with book values of approximately $12,000,000 and $2,000,000 at December

 

31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, were pledged to secure municipal deposits.

 

Investment securities available for sale that have an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are detailed below:

 

 

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2008, by contractual maturity, are as follows:

 

 

 

During 2008 and 2007, investment securities available-for-sale totaling $16,336,000 and $22,641,000 respectively, were called or matured with no net losses.

 

 

Loans classified by type as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

 

 

 

Gross gains on the sale of loans totaling approximately $2,381,000, $1,513,000 and $1,519,000 were realized during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Forty-three loans totaling $6,197,000 at December 31, 2008 were past due 90 days or more yet interest was still being accrued.

 

The following is a summary of loans directly or indirectly with executive officers or directors of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 

 

 

Executive officers and directors also had unused credit lines totaling $4,411,000 and $4,012,000 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. All loans and credit lines to executive officers and directors were made in the ordinary course of business at the Company’s normal credit terms, including interest rate and collateralization prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons.

 

 

Activity in the allowance for loan losses in 2008, 2007 and 2006 was as follows:

 

 

As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company had impaired loans of $1,369,000, $959,000 and $1,242,000, respectively, which were on nonaccrual status. These loans had valuation allowances of $235,000, $200,000 and $160,000 as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Company does not record interest income on impaired loans. Interest income that would have been recorded had impaired loans been performing would have been $95,000, $93,000 and $77,000 for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

 

The following is a summary of premises and equipment as of December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 

 

Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment for 2008, 2007 and 2006 amounted to $799,000, $673,000 and $478,000 respectively. The decrease in construction in progress was due to the completion of the Company’s headquarters building in July 2008.

 

 

The Bank is owner and designated beneficiary on life insurance policies in the face amount of $15,391,000 covering certain of its directors and executive officers. The earnings from these policies are used to offset expenses related to retirement plans. The cash surrender value of these policies at December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $5,099,000 and $3,991,000, respectively.

 

 

Deposits as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:

 

 

The following are the scheduled maturities of time deposits as of December 31, 2008:

 

 

Deposits held at the Company by related parties, which include officers, directors, greater than 5% shareholders and companies in which directors of the Board have a significant ownership interest, approximated $2,437,000 and $2,138,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

 

The Company uses both short-term and long-term borrowings to supplement deposits when they are available at a lower overall cost to the Company or they can be invested at a positive rate of return.

 

On September 12, 2007, the Company entered into a promissory note payable to Community Bankers’ Bank for $11,000,000 bearing interest at thirty day LIBOR plus 2.375% and maturing September 12, 2009. Interest on any outstanding balance is paid monthly with principal due at maturity. Proceeds advanced under the promissory note were used to finance the construction of the Company’s new principal administrative offices in Chesterfield County which was completed in July 2008. On September 24, 2008 the Company obtained a note payable from Virginia Community Bank for $2,250,000 bearing interest at 5% payable quarterly and maturing September 24, 2009.

 

As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta, the Bank is required to own capital stock in the FHLB and is authorized to apply for advances from the FHLB. The Company held $1,818,000 in FHLB stock at December 31, 2008 which is held at cost and included in other assets. Each FHLB credit program has its own interest rate, which may be fixed or variable, and range of maturities. The FHLB may prescribe the acceptable uses to which the advances may be put, as well as on the size of the advances and repayment provisions. The FHLB borrowings are secured by the pledge of

 

U.S. Government agency securities, FHLB stock and qualified single family first mortgage loans. The FHLB advances held at December 31, 2008 mature $5,000,000 on April 19, 2010, $10,000,000 on June 28, 2010, $5,000,000 on April 11, 2011 and $5,000,000 April 9, 2012.

 

The Company uses federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements for short-term borrowing needs. Federal funds purchased represent unsecured borrowings from other banks and generally mature daily. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, which totaled $9,425,000 as of December 31, 2008, are classified as borrowings in accordance with the provisions of FAS 140 “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities” and generally mature within one to four days from the transaction date. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are reflected at the amount of cash received in connection with the transaction. The Company may be required to provide additional collateral based on the fair value of the underlying securities.

 

Information related to borrowings is as follows:

 

 

 

 

The following summarizes the tax effects of temporary differences which compose net deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 

 

 

The income tax expense (benefit) charged to operations for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 consists of the following:

 

 

 

A reconciliation of income taxes computed at the federal statutory income tax rate to total income taxes is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 

 

 

Commercial banking organizations conducting business in Virginia are not subject to Virginia income taxes. Instead, they are subject to a franchise tax based on bank capital. The Company recorded franchise tax expense of $180,000, $210,000 and $122,000 for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

 

Certain premises and equipment are leased under various operating leases. Total rent expense charged to operations was $455,000, $406,000 and $348,000 in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. At December 31, 2008, the minimum total rental commitment under such non-cancelable operating leases was as follows:

 

 

 

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financial needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest-rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the financial statements. The contract amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement that the Company has in particular classes of instruments.

 

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit, and to potential credit loss associated with letters of credit issued, is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for loans and other such on-balance sheet instruments.

 

At December 31, 2008, the Company had outstanding the following approximate off-balance-sheet financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:

 

 

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. Historically, many commitments expire without being drawn upon; therefore, the total commitment amounts shown in the above table are not necessarily indicative of future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, as deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies but may include personal or income-producing commercial real estate, accounts receivable, inventory and equipment.

 

Concentrations of credit risk – All of the Company’s loans, commitments to extend credit, and standby letters of credit have been granted to customers in the Company’s market area. Although the Company is building a diversified loan portfolio, a substantial portion of its clients’ ability to honor contracts is reliant upon the economic stability of the Richmond, Virginia area, including the real estate markets in the area. The concentrations of credit by type of loan are set forth in Note 4. The distribution of commitments to extend credit approximates the distribution of loans outstanding.

 

 

In September and October 2002, the Company completed an offering of its common stock through the sale of 817,200 shares at a price of $8.50 per share. Proceeds to the Company from the offering (net of offering expenses of $624,000) were $6,322,000. Attached to each share was a warrant to purchase one share of common stock, at a price of $10.20 per share, at any time through September 27, 2007, unless the warrants are cancelled. The warrants may be cancelled after December 31, 2003 by the Company in whole or in part upon 30 days’ written notice if for 20 or more trading days within any period of 30 consecutive trading days, including the last day of the period, the bid price of the stock exceeds $12.75 per share. The Company also issued 40,860 warrants to the underwriter of the offering. On April 26, 2006, the Company announced that it would be cancelling these warrants effective June 13, 2006 under this provision of the agreement covering the warrants and, on June 13, 2006, the warrants that were not exercised following this announcement were canceled. The cancellation of the common stock warrants resulted in the issuance of 672,638 shares of common stock and the addition of $6,860,908 in capital in the second quarter of 2006.

 

The acquisition of River City Bank was consummated as of October 1, 2008 and resulted in an addition of $5,464,000 of common stock. The company also issued 106,250 shares of common stock to the Company’s largest shareholder for proceeds of $850,000 during the fourth quarter of 2008.

 

The Organizational Investors Warrant Plan made available 140,000 warrants for grant to the Company’s initial (organizational) investors for certain risks associated with the establishment of the Bank. The warrants have an exercise price of $10 per share (which approximates the fair value per share of common stock at issuance date) and expired on April 30, 2008. Prior to expiration, warrants to purchase 47,000 shares were exercised resulting in $475,000 in additional capital.

 

The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal and state banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possible additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements. Under the capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

 

Quantitative measures are established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total and Tier 1 Capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier 1 Capital to average assets (the Leverage ratio). Management believes that as of December 31, 2008, the Bank meets all capital adequacy requirements to which it is subject.

 

Federal regulatory agencies are required by law to adopt regulations defining five capital tiers: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, under capitalized, significantly under capitalized, and critically

 

under capitalized. The Bank meets the criteria to be categorized as an “well capitalized” institution as of December 31, 2008.

 

The capital amounts and ratios at December 31, 2008 and 2007 for the Company and the Bank are presented in the table below:

 

 

In addition, banking regulations limit the amount of cash dividends that may be paid without prior approval of the Bank’s regulatory agencies. Such dividends are limited to the lesser of the Bank’s retained earnings or the net income of the previous two years combined with the current year net income.

 

Note 14.        Stock incentive plan

 

SFAS 123 (Revised 2004) requires an entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award (with limited exceptions). That cost is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award rather than disclosed in the financial statements. During the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 the Company granted 84,325, 1,000 and 16,500 stock options, respectively, resulting in an expense of $489,481, $7,638 and $115,140 in 2008, 2007 and 2006 respectively. The options granted during 2008 are related to the purchase agreement of River City Bank.

 

The following table summarizes options outstanding under the stock incentive plan at the indicated dates:

 

 

 

The fair value of each option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Sholes option pricing model with the following assumptions used for grants for the years indicated:

 

 

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2008:

 

 

During the first quarter of 2007, the Company granted to certain officers 5,725 restricted shares of common stock and 5,725 performance shares of common stock with a weighted average fair market value of $15.95 at the date of grant. During the second quarter an additional 175 restricted shares of common stock and 175 performance shares of common stock were granted with a weighted average fair market value of $16.75 at the date of grant. These restricted stock awards have three-year graded vesting and the performance shares cliff vest at the end of three years. The number of performance shares that ultimately vest is dependent upon achieving specific performance targets. Prior to vesting, these shares are subject to forfeiture to us without consideration upon termination of employment under certain circumstances. The total number of shares underlying non-vested restricted stock and performance share awards was 8,709 and 11,800 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Stock-based compensation expense was $555,367 and $59,735 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The fair value of the stock is calculated under the same methodology as stock options and the expense is recognized over the vesting period. Unamortized stock-based compensation related to nonvested share based compensation arrangements granted under the Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $173,031 and $228,527, respectively. Of the $173,031 of unamortized compensation at December 31, 2008, $91,055 relates to performance based restricted stock awards. The time based unamortized compensation of $81,976 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of .93 years. The total fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $65,886, $59,735 and $23,007, respectively. There were 350 stock option forfeitures in 2008 and none in either 2007 or 2006.

 

 

During the first quarter of 2005, Southern Community Financial Capital Trust I, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was formed for the purpose of issuing redeemable securities. On February 24, 2005, $5.2 million of Trust Preferred Capital Notes were issued through a pooled

 

underwriting. The securities have a LIBOR-indexed floating rate of interest (three-month LIBOR plus 2.15%) which adjusts, and is payable, quarterly. The interest rate was 4.97% and 7.14% at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The securities may be redeemed at par beginning on March 15, 2010 and each quarter after such date until the securities mature on March 15, 2035. The principal asset of the Trust is $5.2 million of the Company’s junior subordinated debt securities with like maturities and like interest rates to the Trust Preferred Capital Notes.

 

During the third quarter of 2007, Village Financial Statutory Trust II, a wholly –owned subsidiary of the Company, was formed for the purpose of issuing redeemable securities. On September 20, 2007, $3.6 million of Trust Preferred Capital Notes were issued through a pooled underwriting. The securities have a five year fixed interest rate of 6.29% payable quarterly, converting after five years to a LIBOR-indexed floating rate of interest (three-month LIBOR plus 1.4%) which adjusts and is also payable quarterly. The securities may be redeemed at par at any time commencing in December 2012 until the securities mature in 2037. The principal asset of the Trust is $3.6 million of the Company’s junior subordinated securities with like maturities and like interest rates to the Trust Preferred Capital Notes.

 

The Trust Preferred Capital Notes may be included in Tier 1 capital for regulatory capital adequacy determination purposes up to 25% of Tier 1 capital after its inclusion. The portion of the Trust Preferred Capital Notes not considered as Tier 1 capital may be included in Tier 2 capital.

 

The obligations of the Company with respect to the issuance of the Trust Preferred Capital Notes constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the Trust’s obligations with respect to the Trust Preferred Capital Notes. Subject to certain exceptions and limitations, the Company may elect from time to time to defer interest payments on the junior subordinated debt securities, which would result in a deferral of distribution payments on the related Trust Preferred Capital Notes and require a deferral of common dividends.

 

 

401K Plan: The Bank provides a qualified 401K plan to all eligible employees which is administered through the Virginia Bankers Association Benefits Corporation. Employees are eligible to participate in the plan after three months of employment. Eligible employees may, subject to statutory limitations, contribute a portion of their salary to the plan through payroll deduction. The Bank provides a matching contribution of $.50 for every $1.00 the participant contributes up to the first 4% of their salary. Participants are fully vested in their own contributions and vest equally over three years of service in the Bank’s matching contributions. Total contributions to the plan for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were $107,918, $98,705 and $76,591, respectively.

 

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan: The Bank established the Village Bank Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the “SERP”) on January 1, 2005 to provide supplemental retirement income to certain executive officers as designated by the Personnel Committee and approved by the Board of Directors. The SERP is an unfunded employee pension plan under the provisions of ERISA. An eligible employee, once designated by the Committee and approved by the Board of Directors in writing to participate in the SERP, becomes a participant in the SERP 60 days following such approval (unless an earlier participation date is approved). There are currently four executive officers who participate in the SERP. The retirement benefit to be received by a participant is determined by the Committee and approved by the Board of Directors and is payable in equal monthly installments over a 15 year period, commencing on the first day of the month following a participant’s retirement or termination of employment, provided the participant has been employed by the Bank for a minimum of 10 years (6 years in the case of one participant). The Personnel Committee, in its sole discretion, may choose to treat a participant who has experienced a termination of employment on or after attaining age 65 but prior to completing his service requirement as having completed his service

 

requirement. The costs associated with this plan are offset by earnings attributable to the Bank’s purchase of Bank Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”) on the lives of the participants. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Bank’s liability under the SERP was $328,880 and $216,421, respectively, and expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was to $112,459, $166,495 and $30,263, respectively. The increase in cash surrender value of the BOLI related to the participants was $81,101, $62,410 and $35,909 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Directors’ Deferral Plan: The Bank established the Village Bank Outside Directors Deferral Plan (the “Directors Deferral Plan”) on January 1, 2005 under which non-employee Directors of Village Bank have the opportunity to defer receipt of all or a portion of certain compensation until retirement or departure from the Board of Directors. Deferral of compensation under the Directors Deferral Plan is voluntary by non-employee Directors and to participate in the plan a director must file a deferral election as provided in the plan. A Director shall become an active participant with respect to a plan year (as defined in the plan) only if he is expected to have compensation during the plan year and he timely files a deferral election. A separate account is established for each participant in the plan and each account shall, in addition to compensation deferred at the election of the participant, be credited with interest on the balance of the account, the rate of such interest to be established by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion at the beginning of each plan year. The costs associated with this plan are partially offset by earnings attributable to the Bank’s purchase of Bank Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”) on the lives of the participants. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Bank’s liability under the Directors Deferral Plan was $263,472 and $180,913, respectively, and expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $82,559, $74,607 and $53,946, respectively. The increase in cash surrender value of the BOLI related to the participants was $27,411, $20,378 and $16,554 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Note 17. Fair Value

 

Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS 157 and SFAS 159. SFAS 157 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. SFAS 157 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

 

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

 

Level 2 - Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

 

Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

 

The Company used the following methods to determine the fair value of each type of financial instrument:

 

Investment securities: The fair values for investment securities are determined by quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities (Level 2).

 

73

Residential loans held for sale: The fair value of loans held for sale is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset, adjusted for specific attributes of that loan (Level 2).

 

Impaired loans: The fair values of impaired loans are measured for impairment using the fair value of the collateral for collateral-dependent loans on a nonrecurring basis. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory and accounts receivable. The use of discounted cash flow models and management’s best judgment are significant inputs in arriving at the fair value measure of the underlying collateral and are therefore classified within (Level 3).

 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value under SFAS No. 157 on a recurring and non-recurring basis, including financial assets and liabilities for which the Company has elected the fair value option, are summarized below:

 

 

The following tables present the changes in the Level 3 fair value category for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

 

 

The fair value information for financial instruments, which is provided below, is based on the

 

requirements of Financial Accounting Standard Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” and does not represent the aggregate net fair value of the Bank. Much of the information used to determine fair value is subjective and judgmental in nature; therefore, fair value estimates, especially for less marketable securities, may vary. The amounts actually realized or paid upon settlement or maturity could be significantly different. The Bank uses the following methods and assumptions in estimating fair values of financial instruments:

 

Cash and cash equivalents – The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value.

 

Investment securities – The fair value of investment securities held-to-maturity and available-for-sale is estimated based on bid quotations received from independent pricing services. The carrying amount of other investments approximates fair value.

 

Loans – For variable rate loans that reprice frequently and have no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. For all other loans, fair values are calculated by discounting the contractual cash flows using estimated market discount rates which reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loans, or by using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities.

 

Deposits – The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as demand, interest checking and money market, and savings accounts, is equal to the amount payable on demand at year-end. The fair value of certificates of deposit is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

 

Borrowings – The fair value of FHLB borrowings is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows using the rates currently offered for borrowings of similar remaining maturities. The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased approximate their fair values. Other borrowings are short-term in nature and the carrying amounts approximate fair value.

 

Accrued interest – The carrying amounts of accrued interest receivable and payable approximate fair value.

 

Off-balance-sheet instruments – The fair value of off-balance-sheet lending commitments is equal to the amount of commitments outstanding at December 31, 2008 of $88,892,000. This is based on the fact that the Bank generally does not offer lending commitments or standby letters of credit to its customers for long periods, and therefore, the underlying rates of the commitments approximate market rates.

 

 

 

Note 18.        Parent corporation only financial statements

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Note 19.        Selected quarterly financial data (unaudited)

 

Condensed quarterly financial data is shown as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 

None.

 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Attached as exhibits to this Form 10-K are certifications of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), which are required in accordance with Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). This “Controls and Procedures” section includes information concerning the controls and controls evaluation referred to in the certifications.

 

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in recording, processing, summarizing and timely reporting to management information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in the Company’s reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act.

 

The Company’s management is also responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation of it that occurred during the Company’s last fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting.

 

Report on Management’s Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Management regularly monitors its internal control over financial reporting and takes appropriate action to correct any deficiencies that may be identified.

Management assessed the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. This assessment was based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management concluded that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Further, because of changes in conditions, internal control effectiveness may vary over time.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.

 

/s/ Thomas W. Winfree

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

/s/ C. Harril Whitehurst, Jr.

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

 

March 27, 2009

Date

 

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

 

None.

 

PART III

 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 

The information required to be disclosed in this Item 10 is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The information required to be disclosed in this Item 11 is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

The information required to be disclosed in this Item 12 is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

 

The information required to be disclosed in this Item 13 is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

 

The information required to be disclosed in this Item 14 is contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

PART IV

 

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

(a)(1) Financial Statements

The following consolidated financial statements and reports are included in Part II, Item 8, of this report on Form 10K.

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (BDO Seidman)

Consolidated Balance Sheets – December 31, 2008 and 2007

Consolidated Statements of Income – Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income – Years 

                         Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules are omitted since they are not required, are not applicable, or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

 

(a)(3) Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of this Form 10-K and this list includes the Exhibit Index.

 

Exhibit

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

VILLAGE BANK AND TRUST FINANCIAL CORP.

 

 

 

 

In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.