form10k.htm
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
or
¨ TRANSITION REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
Commission
File Number 000-07246
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified
in its charter)
Nevada
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95-2636730
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(State
of Incorporation)
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(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.)
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120
Genesis Boulevard
Bridgeport,
West Virginia 26330
(Address
of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's
telephone number, including area code: (304) 842-3597
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title
of Each Class
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Name
of Each Exchange on Which Registered
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Common
Stock, par value $.01 per share
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NASDAQ
Global Select Market
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Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the
registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the
Securities Act. Yes ¨ No
x
Indicate by check mark if
registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section
15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90
days. Yes x
No o
Indicate by check mark if
disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's
knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form
10-K. ¨
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer, or non-accelerated file. See definition of
"accelerated filer and larger accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act:
Large
accelerated filer ¨
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Accelerated
filer x
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Non-accelerated
filer ¨
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Smaller
reporting company ¨
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Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act). Yes ¨ No
x
The
aggregate market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates on June 30,
2007, was $679,172,437 (based on the then closing price of $47.48).
As
of March 14, 2008, there were 14,851,234 shares of our common stock
outstanding.
DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The
information required by Part III of this Form is incorporated by reference to
our definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A for our
2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
2007
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
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PART
I
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Page
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Item
1.
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3
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Item1A.
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18
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Item1B.
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26
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Item
2.
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26
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Item
3.
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27
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Item
4.
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27
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PART
II
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Item
5.
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27
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Item
6.
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30
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Item
7.
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31
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Item
7A.
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56
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Item
8.
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58
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Item
9.
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58
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Item
9A.
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60
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Item
9B.
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61
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PART
III
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Item
10.
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61
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Item
11.
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61
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Item
12.
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61
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Item
13.
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62
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Item
14.
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62
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PART
IV
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Item
15.
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63
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64
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65
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PART I
REFERENCES
TO THE REGISTRANT
Unless
the context otherwise requires, references to "PDC", "the Company", "we", "us",
"our", "ours", or "ourselves" in this report refer to the registrant, Petroleum
Development Corporation, together with our subsidiaries, proportionate share of
our sponsored drilling partnerships and an entity in which we have a controlling
interest.
SPECIAL
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This
report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of
the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 regarding our business, financial condition, results of operations and
prospects. Words such as expects, anticipates, intends, plans,
believes, seeks, estimates and similar expressions or variations of such words
are intended to identify forward-looking statements herein, which include
statements of estimated oil and gas
production and reserves, drilling plans, future cash flows, anticipated
liquidity, anticipated capital expenditures and our management’s strategies,
plans and objectives. However, these are not the exclusive means of
identifying forward-looking statements herein. Although
forward-looking statements contained in this report reflect our good faith
judgment, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known
to us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently
subject to risks and uncertainties, including risks and uncertainties incidental
to the exploration for, and the acquisition, development, production and
marketing of, natural gas and oil, and actual outcomes may differ materially
from the results and outcomes discussed in the forward-looking
statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to
differ materially from the forward looking statements include, but are not
limited to:
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changes
in production volumes, worldwide demand, and commodity prices for
petroleum natural resources;
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the
timing and extent of our success in discovering, acquiring, developing and
producing natural gas and oil
reserves;
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our
ability to acquire leases, drilling rigs, supplies and services at
reasonable prices;
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the
availability of capital to us;
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risks
incident to the drilling and operation of natural gas and oil
wells;
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future
production and development costs;
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the
effect of existing and future laws, governmental regulations and the
political and economic climate of the United
States;
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the
effect of natural gas and oil derivatives
activities;
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conditions
in the capital markets; and
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losses
possible from pending or future
litigation.
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Further,
we urge you to carefully review and consider the disclosures made in this
report, including the risks and uncertainties that may affect our business as
described herein under Item 1A, Risk Factors, and our other
filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. We
caution you not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which
speak only as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation
to update publicly any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event
or circumstance occurring after the date of this report or currently unknown
facts or conditions or the occurrence of unanticipated events.
General
We are an
independent energy company engaged in the exploration, development, production
and marketing of oil and natural gas. Since we began oil and gas
operations in 1969, we have grown through drilling and development activities,
acquisitions of producing natural gas and oil wells and the expansion of our
natural gas marketing activities.
As of
December 31, 2007, we owned interests in approximately 4,354 gross wells
located in the Rocky Mountain Region and the Appalachian and Michigan Basins
with 686 billion cubic feet equivalent, or Bcfe, of net proved
reserves, of which 86.6% was natural gas and 13.4% was oil.
During
2007, our share of production was 28 Bcfe, averaging 76.6 MMcfe per day, a 65%
increase over 46.4 MMcfe per day produced in 2006. We replaced our
2007 production with 391 Bcfe of new proved reserves, net of dispositions, for a
reserve replacement rate of 1,397%. Reserve replacement through the
drillbit was 256 Bcfe, or 914% of production, and reserve replacement
through acquisitions was 135 Bcfe, or 483% of production. Proved reserves grew
112% during 2007, from 323 Bcfe to 686 Bcfe, of which 54% were proved developed
reserves.
We make
available free of charge on our website at www.petd.com our annual
reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form
8-K, and any amendments to these reports as soon as reasonably practicable after
we electronically file these reports with, or furnish them to, the
SEC. We will also make available to any shareholder, without charge,
a copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, or any other filing, as filed with the
SEC, by mail. For a mailed copy of a report, you may contact
Petroleum Development Corporation, Investor Relations and Communications
Department, P.O. Box 26, Bridgeport, WV 26330, or call toll free (800)
624-3821.
In
addition to our SEC filings, other information, including our press releases,
Bylaws, Committee Charters, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, Shareholder
Communication Policy, Board Nomination Procedures and the Whistleblower and
Qualified Legal Compliance Committee Hotline, is also available at our
website.
Business
Strategy
Our
primary objective is to continue to grow our reserves, production, net income
and cash flow. To achieve meaningful increases in these key areas, we
maintain an active drilling program that focuses on low risk development of our
oil and natural gas reserves, limited exploratory drilling and the acquisition
of producing properties with significant development potential.
Drill
and Develop
Our
acreage holdings include positions in the Rocky Mountain Region and the
Appalachian, Michigan and Fort Worth Basins. In the Rocky Mountain
Region, we focus on developmental drilling in Northeastern Colorado, or NECO,
the Wattenberg Field (both located in the DJ Basin), the Grand Valley Field,
Piceance Basin, and additional limited development in Burke County, North
Dakota. We drilled 349 gross wells in 2007, compared to 231 gross
wells in 2006. In addition, we seek to maximize the value of our
existing wells through a program of well recompletions and refractures. During
2007, we recompleted and/or refractured a total of 181 wells compared to
43 in 2006.
We
believe that we will be able to continue to drill a substantial number of new
wells on our current undeveloped properties. As of December 31, 2007,
we had leases or other development rights to approximately 200,000 acres, of
which approximately 164,000 acres, or 82%, were in the Rocky Mountain
Region. We plan to drill approximately 360 gross, 330 net, wells in
2008, excluding exploratory wells. We also plan to recomplete
approximately 100 gross Wattenberg Field wells (Colorado) and 30
gross wells in the Appalachian Basin during 2008. To support
future development activities we have conducted exploratory drilling in the past
and will continue exploratory drilling plans in 2008. The goal of the
exploration program is to develop several significant new areas for us to
include in our future development drilling activity.
Strategically
Acquire
Our
acquisition efforts focus on producing properties that complement our existing
operations and have a significant undeveloped acreage component. When
weighing potential acquisitions, we prefer properties that have most of their
value in producing wells, behind the pipe reserves or high quality proved
undeveloped locations. Historically, acquisitions have offered
efficiency improvements through economies of scale in management and
administration costs. Since December 2006, we completed three
acquisitions of assets or companies in our core operating area of the Wattenberg
Field in Colorado, in addition to the acquisition of assets in southwestern
Pennsylvania which are in close proximity to our existing assets in the
Appalachian Basin. See Note 2, Acquisitions, to our
consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Manage
Risk
We seek
opportunities to reduce the risk inherent to our business in the oil and natural
gas industry by focusing our drilling efforts primarily on lower risk development wells and
by maintaining positions in several different geographic regions and
markets. Historically we have concentrated on development drilling
and geographical diversification to reduce risk levels associated with natural
gas and oil drilling, production and markets. Currently, a majority
of our proved reserves are located in the Rocky Mountain Region due to our
success in that area over the past several years. However, we benefit
from operational diversity in the Rocky Mountain Region by maintaining
significant activity and production in three separate areas, including the Grand
Valley Field of the Piceance Basin in western Colorado, the Wattenberg Field in
northern Colorado and the NECO area. Additionally, we regularly
review opportunities to further diversify into other regions where we can apply
our operational expertise. We believe development drilling will
remain the foundation of our drilling activities in the future because it is
less risky than exploratory drilling and is likely to generate cash returns more
quickly. However, we expect that future activities may include a
somewhat higher level of exploratory drilling in light of the increasing cost of
accessing high-quality development opportunities and our ability, through
increased size and financial strength, to pursue exploratory activities of
greater significance. Additionally, exploratory activities have the
potential to identify new development opportunities at a cost competitive to the
current cost of acquiring proven locations.
To help
manage the risks associated with the oil and gas industry, we maintain a
conservative financial approach and proactively employ strategies to reduce the
effects of commodity price volatility. We have utilized asset sales
to maximize cash for acquisitions, to reduce debt and preserve our financial
flexibility. We also believe that successful oil and natural gas
marketing is essential to risk management and profitable
operations. To further this goal, we utilize Riley Natural Gas, or
RNG, a wholly-owned subsidiary, to manage the marketing of our oil and natural
gas and our use of oil and natural gas commodity derivatives as risk management
tools. This allows us to maintain better control over third party
risk in sales and derivative activities. We use oil and natural gas
derivatives contracts, or hedges, in order to reduce the effects of volatile
commodity prices. We currently have derivative contracts in place on
a significant portion of our production; however, pursuant to our derivative
policy, all volumes for derivatives contracts are limited to 80% of our
estimated production for the future periods based only on proved developed
producing production as defined in SEC reserve rules. As of March 3,
2008, we had oil and natural gas hedges in place covering 41% of our expected
oil production and 62% of our expected natural gas production in
2008. Further, while our derivative instruments are utilized to hedge
our oil and gas production, they do not qualify for use of hedge accounting
under the terms of SFAS No. 133, resulting in the potential for significant
earnings volatility. See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting
Polices – Derivative Financial Instruments, to our consolidated financial
statements included in this report.
Business
Segments
We divide
our operating activities into four segments:
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drilling
and development; and
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well
operations and pipeline income.
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See Note 17, Business Segments, to our
consolidated financial statements.
Oil
and Gas Sales
Our oil
and gas sales segment is our fastest growing business segment and reflects
revenues and expenses from production and sale of natural gas and
oil. We have interests in approximately 4,354 wells ranging from a
few percent to 100%. During 2007, approximately 11% of our oil and
gas sales revenue was generated by the Appalachian Basin, 6% by the Michigan
Basin and 83% by Rocky Mountain Region. As of the end of 2007, our
total proved reserves were located as follows: Appalachian Basin 15%, Michigan
4% and Rocky Mountain Region 81%. The majority of our undeveloped acreage
is in the Rocky Mountain Region, where we focused our 2007 drilling
activities. This segment represents approximately 78% of our income
before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Natural
Gas Marketing
Our
natural gas marketing segment is composed of our wholly owned subsidiary, RNG,
through which we purchase, aggregate and resell natural gas produced by us and
others. This allows us to diversify our operations beyond natural gas
drilling and production. Through RNG, we have established
relationships with many of the natural gas producers in the Appalachian Basin
and we have gained significant expertise in the natural gas end-user
market. We do not take speculative positions on commodity prices, and
we employ derivative strategies to manage the financial effects of commodity
price volatility. Our natural gas marketing segment represented
approximately 7% of our income before income taxes for the year ended December
31, 2007.
Drilling
and Development
Our
drilling and development segment reflects results of drilling and development
activities conducted for affiliated and non-affiliated
parties. Historically, we have engaged in these activities primarily
through sponsoring drilling partnerships, which allowed us to share the risks
and costs inherent in drilling and development operations with our investor
partners. In the future, we plan to evaluate the conduct of our
drilling and development operations based on a comparison of the capital costs
and risks associated with available financing alternatives. Beginning
with our third sponsored drilling partnership in 2005, we have drilled
partnership wells on a “cost-plus” basis, which means that we bill our investor
partners for the actual drilling costs plus a fixed drilling
fee. Prior to our cost-plus drilling arrangements, drilling was
conducted on a "footage" basis; where the Company bore the risk of changes in
costs. In addition, we have typically purchased a 20% to 37% working interest in
the wells developed through these partnerships. In September 2006, we
raised approximately $90 million through investor subscriptions in one drilling
partnership, and in August 2007, we raised approximately $90 million through an
additional drilling partnership.
Our
drilling and development segment represented approximately 18% of our income
before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2007. In January
2008, we announced that we do not plan to sponsor new drilling partnerships in
2008 in order to focus our effort on maximizing the value of the existing
partnerships and our continuing growth through drilling and
exploration. However, a portion of the funds available for drilling
from the 2007 partnership were advanced and unexpended at the end of 2007, and
they will be used to drill wells and the associated income will be recognized in
2008. With our plans not to sponsor a drilling partnership in 2008,
we anticipate that its contribution to operating income to decline significantly
in 2008.
Well
Operations and Pipeline Income
We
operate approximately 99% of the wells in which we own a working
interest. With respect to wells in which we own an interest of less
than 100%, we charge the other working interest owners a competitive fee for
operating the well. Our well operations and pipeline income segment
represented approximately 6% of our income before income taxes for the year
ended December 31, 2007.
Areas
of Operations
We focus
our exploration, development and acquisition efforts in four geographic
regions:
During
2007, we generated approximately 84.1% of our production from Rocky Mountain
Region wells, 9.8% of our production from Appalachian Basin wells, 6.1% of our
production from Michigan Basin wells. Production operations have not
commenced in the Fort Worth Basin. The majority of our undeveloped
acreage is in the Rocky Mountain Region and our current drilling plans continue
to be focused in that area.
Rocky Mountain
Region. In 1999, we began operations in the Rocky Mountain
Region, which includes our Colorado and North Dakota operations. The
region is further divided into four operating areas; (1) Grand Valley Field, (2)
Wattenberg Field, (3) NECO area and (4) North Dakota area. The Rocky
Mountain Region includes approximately 310,000 gross acres of
leasehold and approximately 2,117 oil and natural gas wells in which we own an
interest (approximately 99% are operated by us). The general details
of each area within the region are further outlined below:
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Grand
Valley Field, Piceance Basin, Garfield County,
Colorado. We commenced operations in the area in late
1999 and currently own an interest in 225 gross, 102.9 net, natural gas
wells. Our leasehold position encompasses approximately 7,800
gross acres with approximately 3,900 net undeveloped acres remaining for
development as of December 31, 2007. We drilled 53 gross, 41.7
net,
wells in the area in 2007 and produced approximately 8.2 Bcfe net to our
interests. Development wells drilled in the area range from
7,000 to 9,500 feet in depth and the majority of wells are drilled
directionally from multi-well pads ranging from two to eight or more wells
per drilling pad. The primary target in the area is gas
reserves, developed from multiple sandstone reservoirs in the Mesaverde
Williams Fork formation. Well spacing is approximately ten
acres per well.
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Wattenberg
Field, DJ Basin, Weld and Adams Counties, Colorado. We
commenced operations in the area in late 1999 and currently own an
interest in 1,242 gross, 747.6 net, oil and natural gas
wells. Our leasehold position encompasses approximately 65,000
gross acres with approximately 13,100 net undeveloped acres remaining for
development as of December 31, 2007. We drilled 158 gross,
106.1 net, wells in the area in 2007 and produced approximately 11.1 Bcfe
net to our interests. Wells drilled in the area range from
approximately 7,000 to 8,000 feet in depth and generally target oil and
gas reserves in the Niobrara, Codell and J Sand
reservoirs. Well spacing ranges from 20 to 40 acres per
well. Operations in the area, in addition to the drilling of
new development wells, includes the refrac of Codell and Niobrara
reservoirs in existing wellbores whereby the Codell sandstone reservoir is
re-stimulated or fraced a second time and/or initial completion
attempts are made in the slightly shallower Niobrara carbonate
reservoir.
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NECO area,
DJ Basin, Yuma County Colorado and Cheyenne County,
Kansas. We commenced operations in the area in 2003 and
currently own an interest in 586 gross, 383.3 net, natural gas
wells. Our leasehold position encompasses approximately 104,500
gross acres with approximately 55,300 net undeveloped acres remaining for
development as of December 31, 2007. We drilled 123 gross, 115
net, wells in the area in 2007 and produced approximately 3.6 Bcfe net to
our interests. Wells drilled in the area range from
approximately 1,500 to 3,000 feet in depth and target gas reserves in the
shallow Niobrara reservoir. Well spacing is approximately 40
acres per well. New drilling operations range from exploratory
wells to test undrilled, seismically defined, structural features
at the Niobrara horizon to development wells targeting known reserves in
existing identified features.
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North
Dakota, Burke County. We commenced operations in the
area in 2006 and currently own an interest in 13 gross, 4.6 net, oil and
natural gas wells. We divested the majority of our Bakken
project acreage in late 2007 (see Note 16, Sale of Oil and Gas
Properties, to our consolidated financial statements included in
this report). Our remaining leasehold encompasses two project
areas in Burke County and encompasses approximately 101,300 gross acres
with approximately 60,000 net undeveloped acres remaining for development
as of December 31, 2007. The eastern area acreage is
prospective for development of oil and gas reserves in the Nesson
Formation. Nesson development wells are approximately 6,000
feet in depth with single or multiple horizontal legs to 4,000 feet or
more in length for a measured length of 10,000 feet or more per
leg. The westernmost acreage block is undeveloped and includes
approximately 22,746 gross and 18,607 net acres. The western
project targets exploratory horizontal
drilling to the Midale/Nesson Formation at depths of approximately
6,800 feet with a lateral leg component of up to 6,100. We
drilled one unsuccessful vertical exploratory well in 2007 and anticipate
additional exploratory activity in
2008.
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Appalachian
Basin. We have conducted operations in the Appalachian Basin
since our inception in 1969. We own an interest in approximately
2,027 gross, 1,501.6 net, oil and natural gas wells in West Virginia,
Pennsylvania, and Tennessee. We drilled 8 gross/net wells in the area
in 2007 and produced approximately 2.7 Bcfe net to our interests. The
majority of the West Virginia leasehold is developed on approximately 40 acre
spacing. We are currently evaluating the results of an infill
drilling project on a limited portion of our developed
leasehold. Wells located in this area are approximately 4,500 feet
deep and target predominantly gas reserves in Devonian and Mississippian aged
tight sandstone reservoirs. The majority of our 10,000 net
undeveloped acres was acquired through our Castle acquisition in October
2007. Development wells in this area target similar Devonian aged
sands as in West Virginia, at depths ranging from 3,000 to 4,500
feet.
Michigan
Basin. We began
operations in the Michigan Basin in 1997 with the bulk of drilling activity
occurring prior to 2002. We own an interest in approximately 209
gross, 145.6 net, oil and natural gas wells that produced 1.7 Bcfe net to our
interest in 2007. Wells in the area range from 1,000 to 2,500 feet in
depth and produce gas from the Antrim Shale. We drilled 3 gross and
net wells in 2007.
Fort Worth Basin,
Erath County, Texas. We have an
interest in approximately 10,800 gross, 8,900 net acres, in northeastern Erath
County. The leasehold acreage is prospective for the development of
oil and natural gas reserves in the Barnett Shale formation at depths of
approximately 5,000 feet. Development is typically with a horizontal
component of approximately 3,000 feet or more, resulting in an approximate
measured length of up to 8,000 feet or more in this area. As of
December 31, 2007, we have drilled one exploratory Barnett well to total
depth. The exploratory well was pending determination at December 31,
2007, see Note
4, Properties and
Equipment - Suspended Well Costs. Completion operations have
not commenced as we are awaiting the completion of a third party gas gathering
infrastructure.
The table
below sets forth our productive wells by operating area at December 31,
2007.
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Productive
Wells
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Gas
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Oil
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Location
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Gross
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Net
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Gross
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Net
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Appalachian
Basin
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1,988
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1,486.2
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39
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15.4
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Michigan
Basin
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202
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142.9
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7
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2.7
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Rocky
Mountain Region
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Wattenberg
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1,217
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728.3
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25
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19.3
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Grand
Valley
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225
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102.9
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-
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-
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NECO
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586
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383.3
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-
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-
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North
Dakota
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4
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1.3
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9
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3.3
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Kansas
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48
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47.0
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-
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-
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Wyoming
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-
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-
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3
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0.7
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Total
Rocky Mountain Region
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2,080
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1,262.8
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37
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23.3
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Fort
Worth Basin-Texas
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1
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1.0
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-
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-
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Total
Productive Wells
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4,271
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2,892.9
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83
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|
|
41.4
|
|
Operations
Exploration
and Development Activities
Our
exploration and development activities focus on the identification and drilling
of new productive wells, the acquisition of existing producing wells from other
operators, and maximizing the
value of our current properties through infill drilling, recompletions, and
other production enhancements.
Prospect
Generation
Our staff
of professional geologists is responsible for identifying areas with potential
for economic production of natural gas and oil. They utilize results
from logs, seismic data and other tools to evaluate existing wells and to
predict the location of economically attractive new natural gas and oil
reserves. To further this process, we have collected and continue to
collect logs, core data, production information and other raw data available
from state and private agencies, other companies and individuals actively
drilling in the regions being evaluated. From this information the
geologists develop models of the subsurface structures and formations that are
used to predict areas for prospective economic development.
On the
basis of these models, our land department obtains available natural gas and oil
leaseholds, farmouts and other development rights in these prospective
areas. In most cases, to secure a lease, we pay a lease bonus and
annual rental payments, converting, upon initiation of production, to a royalty. In
addition, overriding royalty payments may be granted to third parties in
conjunction with the acquisition of drilling rights initially leased by
others. As of December 31, 2007, we had leasehold rights to
approximately 200,000 acres available for development.
Drilling
Activities
The
following table summarizes our development and exploratory drilling activity for
the last five years. There is no correlation between the number of
productive wells completed during any period and the aggregate reserves
attributable to those wells. Productive wells consist of producing
wells and wells capable of commercial production.
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Development
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Productive
(1)
|
|
|
327.0 |
|
|
|
258.9 |
|
|
|
216.0 |
|
|
|
129.8 |
|
|
|
232.0 |
|
|
|
102.0 |
|
Dry
|
|
|
11.0 |
|
|
|
9.7 |
|
|
|
6.0 |
|
|
|
4.6 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
Total
development
|
|
|
338.0 |
|
|
|
268.6 |
|
|
|
222.0 |
|
|
|
134.4 |
|
|
|
234.0 |
|
|
|
103.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exploratory
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Productive(1)
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
2.3 |
|
Dry
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
Pending
determination
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Total
exploratory
|
|
|
11.0 |
|
|
|
7.7 |
|
|
|
9.0 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
7.3 |
|
Total
Drilling Activity
|
|
|
349.0 |
|
|
|
276.3 |
|
|
|
231.0 |
|
|
|
137.7 |
|
|
|
242.0 |
|
|
|
110.7 |
|
|
(1)
|
As
of December 31, 2007, 128 of the 328 productive wells were awaiting gas
pipeline connection, of which 39 were connected and turned in line by
February 29, 2008.
|
The
following table sets forth the wells we drilled by operating area during the
periods indicated.
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
|
8.0
|
|
|
|
8.0
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
337.0
|
|
|
|
264.3
|
|
|
|
230.0
|
|
|
|
136.7
|
|
|
|
242.0
|
|
|
|
110.7
|
|
Fort
Worth Basin
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Total
|
|
|
349.0
|
|
|
|
276.3
|
|
|
|
231.0
|
|
|
|
137.7
|
|
|
|
242.0
|
|
|
|
110.7
|
|
We plan
to drill approximately 360 gross wells, excluding exploratory wells, in
2008: 73 in the Appalachian Basin, 2 in the Michigan Basin and 285 in
the Rocky Mountain Region.
Typically,
we will act as driller-operator for these prospects, sometimes selling working
interests in the wells to Company-sponsored partnerships and other entities that
are interested in exploration or development of the prospects. We
retain a working interest in each well we drill. Occasionally, we
participate in wells as a working interest owner with another operator,
typically when we own a minority interest in the property to be
developed.
Most of
the wells we have drilled have targeted developmental natural gas reserves at
depths of less than 10,000 feet. Recently we began drilling to deeper
targets in the Rocky Mountain Region, including several wells with depths of
more than 12,000 feet and horizontal wells with a total drilled footage
approaching 20,000 feet. As wells are drilled to greater depths or
utilize more complicated and expensive drilling and completion methodologies,
they must also develop greater reserves and production to offer attractive
economics and reserves. However, the probability of encountering
problems when drilling wells at greater depths or utilizing horizontal drilling
is generally greater than when drilling a vertical well of lesser
depth. Nevertheless, with increasing costs for, and declining
availability of, proved developed drilling locations, we believe the additional
risk associated with drilling these types of prospects is justified by the
potential to generate additional proved locations and reserves at a
significantly lower cost than would be required to purchase proved undeveloped
locations.
We
drilled eleven exploratory wells in 2007: one was determined to be productive,
seven were determined to be dry, with the remaining three pending
determination. Costs of $4.2 million related to the exploratory dry
holes were expensed in 2007. We plan to conduct additional
exploratory drilling activities in 2008. See sections entitled Financing of Company Drilling and
Development Activities and Drilling and Development Activities
Conducted for Company Sponsored Partnerships below for additional
discussion regarding our drilling activities.
Much of
the work associated with drilling, completing and connecting wells, including
drilling, fracturing, logging and pipeline construction is performed under our
direction by subcontractors specializing in those operations, as is common in
the industry. When judged advantageous, material and services we use
in the development process are acquired through competitive bidding by approved
vendors. We also directly negotiate rates and costs for services and
supplies when conditions indicate that such an approach is
warranted.
Financing
of Company Drilling and Development Activities
We
conduct development drilling activities for our own account and act as operator
for other oil and gas owners. When conducting activities for our own
account, we have historically used cash flow from operations and capital
provided from our long term credit facility to fund our share of
operations. In the future, we may use other sources of funding,
including, but not limited to, asset sales, volumetric production payments, debt
securities, convertible debt securities and equity offerings.
Drilling
and Development Activities Conducted for Company Sponsored
Partnerships
In
addition to wells and interests in wells that we drill for ourselves, we also
act as operator for other oil and gas owners. Historically, these
other owners have included individuals, corporations, partnerships formed by
non-affiliated parties and other investors. We began sponsoring
drilling partnerships in 1984, and have sponsored one or more every year since
then. For many years, our drilling partners have consisted primarily
of public and private partnerships we sponsored. We contribute a cash
investment to purchase an interest in the drilling and development activities
and serve as the managing general partner for each partnership; accordingly, we
are subject to substantial cash commitments at the closing of each drilling
partnership.
In
January 2008, we announced that we do not plan to sponsor new drilling
partnerships in 2008 in order to focus our effort on continuing our growth
through drilling and exploration. However, a portion of the funds
available for drilling from the 2007 partnership were advanced and unexpended at
the end of 2007, and they will be used to drill wells and the associated income
will be recognized in 2008.
We
sponsored partnerships in 2007 and 2006, each with $90 million in subscriptions,
and in 2005, with $116 million in subscriptions. During 2007, we
sponsored one drilling partnership to which we contributed $38.7 million and
received a 37% working interest in the partnership. While funds were
received by us pursuant to drilling contracts in the years indicated, we
recognize revenues from drilling operations on the percentage of completion
method as the wells were drilled, rather than when funds were
received. Substantially all of our drilling and development funds
were received from partnerships in which we serve as managing general
partner. As wells produce for a number of years, we continue to serve
as operator for a number of partnerships and unaffiliated parties.
When
developing wells for our partnerships or others, we enter into a development
agreement with the investor partner, pursuant to which we agree to sell some or
all of our rights in a well to be drilled to the partnership or other
entity. The partnership or other entity thereby becomes owner of a
working interest in the well. In our financial reporting, we report
only our proportionate share of oil and gas reserves, production, oil and gas
sales and costs associated with wells in which other investors
participate.
Purchases
of Producing Properties
In
addition to drilling new wells, we continue to pursue opportunities to purchase
existing wells and development rights from other owners, as well as greater
ownership interests in the wells we operate. Generally, outside
interests purchased include a majority interest in the wells and the right to
operate the wells. In January 2007, we completed the purchase of
approximately 144 oil and gas wells and 8,160 acres of leaseholds in the
Wattenberg Field from EXCO Resources. Also in January 2007, we
purchased the outside partnership interests in 44 partnerships which we
sponsored and formed primarily in the late 1980s and 1990s. These
interests constituted the majority of the interests in 718 wells, primarily in
the Appalachian and Michigan Basins. In February 2007, we acquired
from an unrelated party 28 producing wells and associated undeveloped acreage in
Colorado. In October 2007, we purchased from unrelated parties a
majority working interest of 762 natural gas wells located in southwestern
Pennsylvania. We estimated that the acquisition included
approximately 47 Bcfe of reserves, or 31 Bcfe of proved reserves and 16 Bcfe of
unproved reserves. The purchase also included associated pipelines,
equipment, real estate and undeveloped acreage.
Production, Sales, Prices and Lifting
Costs
The
following table sets forth information regarding our production volumes,
oil and natural gas sales, average sales price received and average lifting cost
incurred for the periods indicated.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Production (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
(Bbls)
|
|
|
910,052
|
|
|
|
631,395
|
|
|
|
438,971
|
|
Natural
gas (Mcf)
|
|
|
22,513,306
|
|
|
|
13,160,784
|
|
|
|
11,030,760
|
|
Natural
gas equivalent (Mcfe) (2)
|
|
|
27,973,618
|
|
|
|
16,949,154
|
|
|
|
13,664,586
|
|
Oil and Gas Sales (in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
sales
|
|
$ |
55,196
|
|
|
$ |
37,460
|
|
|
$ |
22,193
|
|
Gas
sales
|
|
|
119,991
|
|
|
|
77,729
|
|
|
|
80,366
|
|
Total
oil and gas sales
|
|
$ |
175,187
|
|
|
$ |
115,189
|
|
|
$ |
102,559
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Realized Gain (Loss) on
Derivatives, net (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
derivatives - realized (loss) gain
|
|
$ |
(177
|
) |
|
$ |
-
|
|
|
$ |
(1,288)
|
|
Natural
gas derivatives - realized gain (loss)
|
|
|
7,350
|
|
|
|
1,895
|
|
|
|
(5,079)
|
|
Total
realized gain (loss) on derivatives, net
|
|
$ |
7,173
|
|
|
$ |
1,895
|
|
|
$ |
(6,367)
|
|
Average
Sales Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
(per Bbl) (3)
|
|
$ |
60.65
|
|
|
$ |
59.33
|
|
|
$ |
50.56
|
|
Natural
gas (per Mcf) (3)
|
|
$ |
5.33
|
|
|
$ |
5.91
|
|
|
$ |
7.29
|
|
Natural
gas equivalent (per Mcfe)
|
|
$ |
6.26
|
|
|
$ |
6.80
|
|
|
$ |
7.51
|
|
Average
Sales Price (including realized gain (loss) on
derivatives)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
(per Bbl)
|
|
$ |
60.46
|
|
|
$ |
59.33
|
|
|
$ |
47.62
|
|
Natural
gas (per Mcf)
|
|
$ |
5.66
|
|
|
$ |
6.05
|
|
|
$ |
6.83
|
|
Natural
gas equivalent (per Mcfe)
|
|
$ |
6.52
|
|
|
$ |
6.91
|
|
|
$ |
7.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Production Cost
(Lifting Cost) per Mcfe (4)
|
|
$ |
1.34
|
|
|
$ |
1.23
|
|
|
$ |
1.19
|
|
|
(1)
|
Production
as shown in the table is net and is determined by multiplying the gross
production volume of properties in which we have an interest by the
percentage of the leasehold or other property interest we
own.
|
|
(2)
|
A
ratio of energy content of natural gas and oil (six Mcf of natural gas
equals one barrel of oil) was used to obtain a conversion factor to
convert oil production into equivalent Mcf of natural
gas.
|
|
(3)
|
We
utilize commodity based derivative instruments to manage a portion of our
exposure to price volatility of our natural gas and oil
sales. This amount excludes realized and unrealized gains and
losses on commodity based derivative
instruments.
|
|
(4)
|
Production
costs represent oil and gas operating expenses which include severance and
ad valorem taxes as reflected in our financial statements. See
Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations - Oil and Gas Production
and Well Operations Costs."
|
Oil
and Natural Gas Reserves
All of
our natural gas and oil reserves are located in the United States. We
utilized the services of two independent petroleum engineers for our 2007 and
2006 independent reserve reports. Wright & Company prepared the
reserve reports for the Appalachian and Michigan Basins. Ryder Scott
Company, L.P. prepared the reserve reports for the Rocky Mountain
Region. Wright & Company prepared all of the reserve reports for
us for 2005 with the exception of our 2005 North Dakota wells which were
prepared by Ryder Scott Company, L.P. The independent engineers'
estimates are made using available geological and reservoir data as well as
production performance data. The estimates are prepared with respect
to reserve categorization, using the definitions for proved reserves set forth
in Regulation S-X, Rule 4-10(a) and subsequent SEC staff interpretations and
guidance. When preparing our reserve estimates, the independent
engineers did not independently verify the accuracy and completeness of
information and data furnished by us with respect to ownership interests, oil
and natural gas production, well test data, historical costs of operations and
developments, product prices, or any agreements relating to current and future
operations of properties and sales of production. Our independent
reserve estimates are reviewed and approved by our internal engineering staff
and management.
The
tables below set forth information as of December 31, 2007, regarding our
estimated proved reserves. Reserves cannot be measured exactly,
because reserve estimates involve subjective judgment. The estimates
must be reviewed periodically and adjusted to reflect additional information
gained from reservoir performance, new geological and geophysical data and
economic changes. Neither the present value of estimated future net
cash flows nor the standardized measure is intended to represent the current
market value of the estimated oil and natural gas reserves we own.
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
|
Oil
(MBbl)
|
|
|
Gas
(MMcf)
|
|
|
Total
(MMcfe)
|
|
Proved
developed
|
|
|
8,927
|
|
|
|
314,123
|
|
|
|
367,685
|
|
Proved
undeveloped
|
|
|
6,411
|
|
|
|
279,440
|
|
|
|
317,906
|
|
Total
Proved
|
|
|
15,338
|
|
|
|
593,563
|
|
|
|
685,591
|
|
|
|
Proved
Developed
|
|
|
Proved
Undeveloped
|
|
|
Total
Proved
|
|
|
|
(in
millions)
|
|
Estimated
future net cash flows (1)
|
|
$ |
1,203
|
|
|
$ |
644
|
|
|
$ |
1,847
|
|
Standardized
measure
(1)(2)
|
|
|
600
|
|
|
|
153
|
|
|
|
753
|
|
|
(1)
|
Estimated
future net cash flow represents the estimated future gross revenue to be
generated from the production of proved reserves, net of estimated
production costs, future development costs and income tax expense, using
prices and costs in effect at December 31, 2007. The prices
used in our reserve reports yield weighted average wellhead prices of
$80.67 per barrel of oil and $6.77 per Mcf of natural
gas. These prices should not be interpreted as a prediction of
future prices, nor do they reflect the value of our commodity hedges in
place at December 31, 2007. The amounts shown do not give
effect to non-property related expenses, such as corporate general and
administrative expenses and debt service, or to depreciation, depletion
and amortization.
|
|
(2)
|
The
standardized
measure of discounted future net cash flows is calculated in
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No.
69, which requires the future cash flows to be discounted. The
discount rate used was 10%. Additional information on this
measure is presented in Note 20,
"Supplemental Oil and Gas Information," of our consolidated financial
statements included in this report.
|
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
|
Oil
(MBbl)
|
|
|
Gas
(MMcf)
|
|
|
Gas
Equivalent (MMcfe)
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
Proved
developed
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
80,355
|
|
|
|
80,559
|
|
|
|
22
|
% |
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
23,979
|
|
|
|
24,327
|
|
|
|
7
|
% |
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wattenberg
|
|
|
8,473
|
|
|
|
67,227
|
|
|
|
118,065
|
|
|
|
32
|
% |
Grand
Valley
|
|
|
107
|
|
|
|
91,326
|
|
|
|
91,968
|
|
|
|
25
|
% |
NECO
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
50,942
|
|
|
|
50,942
|
|
|
|
14
|
% |
North
Dakota
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
|
294
|
|
|
|
1,794
|
|
|
|
0
|
% |
Wyoming
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
0
|
% |
Total
Rocky Mountain Region
|
|
|
8,835
|
|
|
|
209,789
|
|
|
|
262,799
|
|
|
|
71
|
% |
Total
proved developed
|
|
|
8,927
|
|
|
|
314,123
|
|
|
|
367,685
|
|
|
|
100
|
% |
Proved
undeveloped
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
22,115
|
|
|
|
22,115
|
|
|
|
7
|
% |
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wattenberg
|
|
|
6,210
|
|
|
|
40,729
|
|
|
|
77,989
|
|
|
|
24
|
% |
Grand
Valley
|
|
|
201
|
|
|
|
200,998
|
|
|
|
202,204
|
|
|
|
64
|
% |
NECO
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
15,598
|
|
|
|
15,598
|
|
|
|
5
|
% |
Total
Rocky Mountain Region
|
|
|
6,411
|
|
|
|
257,325
|
|
|
|
295,791
|
|
|
|
93
|
% |
Total
proved undeveloped
|
|
|
6,411
|
|
|
|
279,440
|
|
|
|
317,906
|
|
|
|
100
|
% |
Proved
reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
102,470
|
|
|
|
102,674
|
|
|
|
15
|
% |
Michigan
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
23,979
|
|
|
|
24,327
|
|
|
|
4
|
% |
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wattenberg
|
|
|
14,683
|
|
|
|
107,956
|
|
|
|
196,054
|
|
|
|
28
|
% |
Grand
Valley
|
|
|
308
|
|
|
|
292,324
|
|
|
|
294,172
|
|
|
|
43
|
% |
NECO
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
66,540
|
|
|
|
66,540
|
|
|
|
10
|
% |
North
Dakota
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
|
294
|
|
|
|
1,794
|
|
|
|
0
|
% |
Wyoming
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
0
|
% |
Total
Rocky Mountain Region
|
|
|
15,246
|
|
|
|
467,114
|
|
|
|
558,590
|
|
|
|
81
|
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
proved reserves
|
|
|
15,338
|
|
|
|
593,563
|
|
|
|
685,591
|
|
|
|
100
|
% |
Acreage
The
following table sets forth by operating area leased acres as of December 31,
2007.
|
|
Developed
|
|
|
Undeveloped
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Location
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
|
84,240
|
|
|
|
84,240
|
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
|
|
10,000
|
|
|
|
94,240
|
|
|
|
94,240
|
|
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
8,240
|
|
|
|
8,240
|
|
|
|
440
|
|
|
|
440
|
|
|
|
8,680
|
|
|
|
8,680
|
|
New
York
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
19,500
|
|
|
|
16,575
|
|
|
|
19,500
|
|
|
|
16,575
|
|
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wattenberg
|
|
|
50,860
|
|
|
|
47,440
|
|
|
|
14,093
|
|
|
|
13,143
|
|
|
|
64,953
|
|
|
|
60,583
|
|
Grand
Valley
|
|
|
2,994
|
|
|
|
2,994
|
|
|
|
3,900
|
|
|
|
3,900
|
|
|
|
6,894
|
|
|
|
6,894
|
|
NECO
|
|
|
26,392
|
|
|
|
18,680
|
|
|
|
78,147
|
|
|
|
55,320
|
|
|
|
104,539
|
|
|
|
74,000
|
|
North
Dakota
|
|
|
7,453
|
|
|
|
4,767
|
|
|
|
93,814
|
|
|
|
59,972
|
|
|
|
101,267
|
|
|
|
64,739
|
|
Wyoming
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
31,945
|
|
|
|
31,945
|
|
|
|
31,945
|
|
|
|
31,945
|
|
Total
Rocky Mountain Region
|
|
|
87,699
|
|
|
|
73,881
|
|
|
|
221,899
|
|
|
|
164,280
|
|
|
|
309,598
|
|
|
|
238,161
|
|
Fort
Worth Basin
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
10,804
|
|
|
|
8,868
|
|
|
|
10,804
|
|
|
|
8,868
|
|
Total
Acreage
|
|
|
180,179
|
|
|
|
166,361
|
|
|
|
262,643
|
|
|
|
200,163
|
|
|
|
442,822
|
|
|
|
366,524
|
|
Title
to Properties
We
believe that we hold good and defensible title to our developed properties, in
accordance with standards generally accepted in the oil and natural gas
industry. As is customary in the industry, a perfunctory title
examination is conducted at the time the undeveloped properties are
acquired. Prior to the commencement of drilling operations, a title
examination is conducted and curative work is performed with respect to
discovered defects which we deem to be significant. Title
examinations have been performed with respect to substantially all of our
producing properties. Two properties in our Grand Valley Field
represent 43% of our total proved reserves.
The
properties we own are subject to royalty, overriding royalty and other
outstanding interests customary to the industry. The properties may
also be subject to additional burdens, liens or encumbrances customary to the
industry, including items such as operating agreements, current taxes,
development obligations under natural gas and oil leases, farm-out agreements
and other restrictions. We do not believe that any of these burdens
will materially interfere with the use of the properties.
Natural
Gas Sales
We
generally sell the natural gas that we produce under contracts with monthly
pricing provisions. Virtually all of our contracts include provisions
wherein prices change monthly with changes in the market, for which certain
adjustments may be made based on whether a well delivers to a gathering or
transmission line, quality of natural gas and prevailing supply and demand
conditions, so that the price of the natural gas fluctuates to remain
competitive with other available natural gas supplies. As a result,
our revenues from the sale of natural gas will suffer if market prices decline
and benefit if they increase. We believe that the pricing provisions
of our natural gas contracts are customary in the industry. We also
enter into financial derivatives such as puts, collars, or swaps in order to
protect against possible price instability regarding the physical sales
market.
We
sell our natural gas to industrial end-users, utilities, other gas marketers,
and other wholesale gas purchasers. During 2007, the natural gas we
produce was sold at prices ranging from $1.68 to $18.56 per Mcf, depending upon
well location, the date of the sales contract and other factors. Our
weighted net average price of natural gas sold in 2007 was $5.33 per
Mcf.
In
general, we, together with our marketing subsidiary, RNG, have been and expect
to continue to be able to produce and sell natural gas from our wells without
significant curtailment and at competitive prices. We do experience
limited curtailments from time to time due to pipeline maintenance and operating
issues, and during October 2007, we chose to curtail some of our Piceance Basin
production due to low prices. Open access transportation through the
country's interstate pipeline system gives us access to a broad range of
markets. Whenever feasible, we obtain access to multiple pipelines
and markets from each of our gathering systems seeking the best available market
for our natural gas at any point in time.
Oil
Sales
The
majority of our wells in the Wattenberg Field in Colorado and our wells in North
Dakota produce oil in addition to natural gas. As of December 31,
2007, oil represented 13.4% of our total equivalent reserves and accounted for
approximately 31.5% of our oil and gas sales revenue for the year ended December
31, 2007.
We are
currently able to sell all the oil that we can produce under existing sales
contracts with petroleum refiners and marketers. We do not refine any
of our oil production. Our crude oil production is sold to purchasers
at or near our wells under both short and long-term purchase contracts with
monthly pricing provisions. During 2007, oil we produced sold at
prices ranging from $41.03 to $76.03 per barrel, depending upon the location and
quality of oil. Our weighted net average price per barrel of oil sold
in 2007 was $60.65.
Natural
Gas Marketing
Our
natural gas marketing activities involve the purchase of natural gas from other
producers and the sale of that natural gas along with the natural gas we
produce. We believe that in a deregulated market, successful natural
gas marketing is an essential component of profitable operations. A
variety of factors affect the market for natural gas, including:
|
·
|
the
availability of other domestic
production;
|
|
·
|
the
availability and price of alternative
fuels;
|
|
·
|
the
proximity and capacity of natural gas
pipelines;
|
|
·
|
general
fluctuations in the supply and demand for natural gas;
and
|
|
·
|
the
effects of state and federal regulations on natural gas production and
sales.
|
The
natural gas industry also competes with other industries in supplying the energy
and fuel requirements of industrial, commercial and individual
customers.
RNG, our
wholly owned subsidiary, is a natural gas marketing company that specializes in
the purchase, aggregation and sale of natural gas production in our Eastern
operating areas. RNG markets the natural gas we produce and also
purchases natural gas in the Appalachian Basin from other producers and resells
it to utilities, end users or other marketers. RNG's employees have
extensive knowledge of natural gas markets in our areas of
operations. Such knowledge assists us in maximizing our prices as we
market natural gas from PDC-operated wells. The gas is marketed to
natural gas utilities, industrial and commercial customers as well as other
marketers, either directly through our gathering system, or through
transportation services provided by regulated interstate pipeline
companies.
Commodity
Risk Management Activities
We
utilize commodity based derivative instruments to manage a portion of the
exposure to price volatility stemming from our oil and natural gas sales and
marketing activities. These instruments consist of over-the-counter
swaps, NYMEX-traded natural
gas futures and option contracts for Appalachian and Michigan production,
Colorado Interstate Gas Index, or CIG, and Panhandle Eastern Pipeline-based
contracts for Colorado natural gas production and NYMEX-traded oil futures and
option contracts for Colorado oil production. We may utilize
derivatives based on other indices or markets where appropriate. The
contracts economically provide price protection for committed and anticipated
oil and natural gas purchases and sales, generally forecasted to occur within
the next two- to three-year period. Our policies prohibit the use of
oil and natural gas futures, swaps or options for speculative purposes and
permit utilization of derivatives only if there is an underlying physical
position.
RNG has
extensive experience with the use of cash-settled derivatives to reduce the risk
and effect of natural gas price changes. RNG uses these financial
derivatives to coordinate fixed purchases and sales. We use financial
derivatives to establish "floors" and "ceilings" or "collars" on the possible
range of the prices realized for the sale of natural gas and oil. RNG
also enters into back-to-back fixed-price purchases and sales contracts with
counterparties. These fixed physical contracts meet the SFAS No. 133,
Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities, definition of a
derivative. Both types of derivatives (i.e., the physical deals and
the cash settled contracts) are carried on the balance sheet at fair value with
changes in fair values recognized currently in the income
statement.
We are
subject to price fluctuations for natural gas sold in the spot market and under
market index contracts. We continue to evaluate the potential for
reducing these risks by entering into derivative transactions. In
addition, we may close out any portion of derivatives that may exist from time
to time which may result in a realized gain or loss on that derivative
transaction. We manage price risk on only a portion of our
anticipated production, so the remaining portion of our production is subject to
the full fluctuation of market pricing.
Well
Operations
At
December 31, 2007, we had an interest in approximately 2,117 wells in the Rocky
Mountain Region, 2,027 wells in the Appalachian Basin, and 209 wells in the
Michigan Basin. Our ownership interest in these wells range up to
100% and as of December 31, 2007, on average, we had approximately 67.4%
ownership interest in the wells we operated.
We are
paid a monthly operating fee for the portion of each well we operate that is
owned by others, including our sponsored partnerships. The fee is
competitive with rates charged by other operators in the area. The
fee covers monthly operating and accounting costs, insurance and other recurring
costs. We may also receive additional compensation, at competitive
rates, for special non-recurring activities, such as reworks and
recompletions. If we purchase well interests belonging to investors
in the partnerships, we then account for the purchased interests as being owned
by us, which results in a decrease in well operations income. As of
December 31, 2007, we operate approximately 99% of the wells in which we own a
working interest.
Transportation
Natural
gas wells are connected by pipelines to natural gas markets. Over the
years, we have developed, own and operate gathering systems in some of our areas
of operations. We also continue to construct new trunk lines as
necessary to provide for the marketing of natural gas being developed from new
areas and to enhance or maintain our existing systems. Pipelines and
related facilities can represent a significant portion of the capital costs of
developing wells, particularly in new areas located at a distance from existing
pipelines. We consider these costs in our evaluation of our leasing,
development and acquisition opportunities.
Governmental
Regulation
While the
prices of oil and natural gas are set by the market, other aspects of our
business and the oil and natural gas industry in general are heavily
regulated. The availability of a ready market for oil and natural gas
production depends on several factors beyond our control. These
factors include regulation of production, federal and state regulations
governing environmental quality and pollution control, the amount of oil and
natural gas available for sale, the availability of adequate pipeline and other
transportation and processing facilities and the marketing of competitive
fuels. State and federal regulations generally are intended to
protect consumers from unfair treatment and oppressive control, to reduce the
risk to the public and workers from the drilling, completion, production and
transportation of oil and natural gas, to prevent waste of oil and natural gas,
to protect rights to between owners in a common reservoir and to control
contamination of the environment. Pipelines are subject to the
jurisdiction of various federal, state and local agencies. In the
western part of the United States, the federal and state governments own a large
percentage of the land and the rights to develop oil and natural
gas. Recently, we have increased our positions in these types of
leases. Generally, government leases are subject to additional
regulations and controls not commonly seen on private leases. We take
the steps necessary to comply with applicable regulations, both on our own
behalf and as part of the services we provide to our drilling
partnerships. We believe that we are in compliance with such
statutes, rules, regulations and governmental orders, although there can be no
assurance that this is or will remain the case. The following summary
discussion of the regulation of the United States oil and natural gas industry
is not intended to constitute a complete discussion of the various statutes,
rules, regulations and environmental orders to which our operations may be
subject.
Regulation
of Oil and Natural Gas Exploration and Production
Our
exploration and production business is subject to various federal, state and
local laws and regulations on taxation, the development, production and
marketing of oil and gas and environmental and safety matters. Many
laws and regulations require drilling permits and govern the spacing of wells,
rates of production, water discharge, prevention of waste and other
matters. Prior to commencing drilling activities for a well, we must
procure permits and/or approvals for the various stages of the drilling process
from the applicable state and local agencies in the state in which the area to
be drilled is located. The permits and approvals include those for
the drilling of wells. Also, regulated matters include:
|
·
|
bond
requirements in order to drill or operate
wells;
|
|
·
|
the
method of drilling and casing
wells;
|
|
·
|
the
surface use and restoration of well
properties;
|
|
·
|
the
plugging and abandoning of wells;
and
|
|
·
|
the
disposal of fluids.
|
Our
operations are also subject to various conservation laws and
regulations. These include the regulation of the size of drilling and
spacing units or proration units, the density of wells which may be drilled and
the unitization or pooling of properties. In this regard, some states
allow the forced pooling or integration of tracts to facilitate exploration
while other states rely primarily or exclusively on voluntary pooling of lands
and leases. In areas where pooling is voluntary, it may be more
difficult to form units, and therefore, more difficult to develop a project if
the operator owns less than 100% of the leasehold. In addition, state
conservation laws may establish maximum rates of production from oil and natural
gas wells, generally prohibiting the venting or flaring of natural gas and
imposing certain requirements regarding the ratability of
production. Where wells are to be drilled on state or federal leases,
additional regulations and conditions may apply. The effect of these
regulations may limit the amount of oil and natural gas we can produce from our
wells and may limit the number of wells or the locations at which we can
drill. Such laws and regulations may increase the costs of planning,
designing, drilling, installing, operating and abandoning our oil and natural
gas wells and other facilities. In addition, these laws and
regulations, and any others that are passed by the jurisdictions where we have
production, could limit the total number of wells drilled or the allowable
production from successful wells, which could limit our reserves. As
a result, we are unable to predict the future cost or effect of complying with
such regulations.
Regulation
of Sales and Transportation of Natural Gas
Historically,
the price of natural gas was subject to limitation by federal
legislation. The Natural Gas Wellhead Decontrol Act removed, as of
January 1, 1993, all remaining federal price controls from natural gas sold in
"first sales" on or after that date. The Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission's, or FERC, jurisdiction over natural gas transportation was
unaffected by the Decontrol Act. While sales by producers of natural
gas and all sales of crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids
can currently be made at market prices, there are a number of proposed bills in
the United States Congress to reenact price controls or impose “windfall
profits” or similar taxes in the future on oil and natural gas
prices. The passage of one of those bills or similar legislation
could have the effect of reducing the price we receive for our production, or
substantially increasing the tax burden associated with our production
operations.
We move
natural gas through pipelines owned by other companies, and sell natural gas to
other companies that also utilize common carrier pipeline
facilities. Natural gas pipeline interstate transmission and storage
activities are subject to regulation by the FERC under the Natural Gas Act of
1938, or NGA, and under the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978, and, as such, rates
and charges for the transportation of natural gas in interstate commerce,
accounting, and the extension, enlargement or abandonment of its jurisdictional
facilities, among other things, are subject to regulation. Each
natural gas pipeline company holds certificates of public convenience and
necessity issued by the FERC authorizing ownership and operation of all
pipelines, facilities and properties for which certificates are required under
the NGA. Each natural gas pipeline company is also subject to the
Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act of 1968, as amended, which regulates safety
requirements in the design, construction, operation and maintenance of
interstate natural gas transmission facilities. FERC regulations
govern how interstate pipelines communicate and do business with their
affiliates. Interstate pipelines may not operate their pipeline
systems to preferentially benefit their marketing affiliates.
Each
interstate natural gas pipeline company establishes its rates primarily through
the FERC’s ratemaking process. Key determinants in the ratemaking
process are:
|
|
costs
of providing service, including depreciation
expense;
|
|
|
allowed
rate of return, including the equity component of the capital structure
and related income taxes; and
|
|
|
volume
throughput assumptions.
|
The
availability, terms and cost of transportation affect our natural gas
sales. In the past, FERC has undertaken various initiatives to
increase competition within the natural gas industry. As a result of
initiatives like FERC Order No. 636, issued in April 1992, the interstate
natural gas transportation and marketing system was substantially restructured
to remove various barriers and practices that historically limited non-pipeline
natural gas sellers, including producers, from effectively competing with
interstate pipelines for sales to local distribution companies and large
industrial and commercial customers. The most significant provisions
of Order No. 636 require that interstate pipelines provide transportation
separate or "unbundled" from their sales service, and require that pipelines
provide firm and interruptible transportation service on an open access basis
that is equal for all natural gas suppliers. In many instances, the
result of Order No. 636 and related initiatives has been to substantially reduce
or eliminate the interstate pipelines' traditional role as wholesalers of
natural gas in favor of providing only storage and transportation
services. Another effect of regulatory restructuring is greater
access to transportation on interstate pipelines. In some cases,
producers and marketers have benefited from this
availability. However, competition among suppliers has greatly
increased and traditional long-term producer-pipeline contracts are
rare. Furthermore, gathering facilities of interstate pipelines are
no longer regulated by FERC, thus allowing gatherers to charge higher gathering
rates.
Additional
proposals and proceedings that might affect the natural gas industry occur
frequently in Congress, FERC, state commissions, state legislatures, and the
courts. The natural gas industry historically has been very heavily
regulated; therefore, there is no assurance that the less stringent regulatory
approach recently pursued by FERC and Congress will continue. We
cannot determine to what extent our future operations and earnings will be
affected by new legislation, new regulations, or changes in existing regulation,
at federal, state or local levels.
Environmental
Regulations
Our
operations are subject to numerous laws and regulations governing the discharge
of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to environmental
protection. Public interest in the protection of the environment has
increased dramatically in recent years. The trend of more expansive
and tougher environmental legislation and regulations could
continue. To the extent laws are enacted or other governmental action
is taken that restricts drilling or imposes environmental protection
requirements that result in increased costs and reduced access to the natural
gas industry in general, our business and prospects could be adversely
affected.
We
generate wastes that may be subject to the Federal Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act, or RCRA, and comparable state statutes. The U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, and various state agencies have limited
the approved methods of disposal for certain hazardous and non-hazardous
wastes. Furthermore, certain wastes generated by our operations that
are currently exempt from treatment as "hazardous wastes" may in the future be
designated as "hazardous wastes," and therefore be subject to more rigorous and
costly operating and disposal requirements.
We
currently own or lease numerous properties that for many years have been used
for the exploration and production of oil and natural gas. Although
we believe that we have utilized good operating and waste disposal practices,
and when necessary, appropriate remediation techniques, prior owners and
operators of these properties may not have utilized similar practices and
techniques, and hydrocarbons or other wastes may have been disposed of or
released on or under the properties that we own or lease or on or under
locations where such wastes have been taken for disposal. These
properties and the wastes disposed thereon may be subject to the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, RCRA and
analogous state laws, as well as state laws governing the management of oil and
natural gas wastes. Under such laws, we could be required to remove
or remediate previously disposed wastes (including wastes disposed of or
released by prior owners or operators) or property contamination (including
groundwater contamination) or to perform remedial plugging operations to prevent
future contamination.
CERCLA
and similar state laws impose liability, without regard to fault or the legality
of the original conduct, on certain classes of persons that are considered to
have contributed to the release of a "hazardous substance" into the
environment. These persons include the owner or operator of the
disposal site or sites where the release occurred and companies that disposed of
or arranged for the disposal of the hazardous substances found at the
site. Persons who are or were responsible for release of hazardous
substances under CERCLA may be subject to full liability for the costs of
cleaning up the hazardous substances that have been released into the
environment and for damages to natural resources, and it is not uncommon for
neighboring landowners and other third parties to file claims for personal
injury and property damage allegedly caused by the hazardous substances released
into the environment. As an owner and operator of oil and natural gas
wells, we may be liable pursuant to CERCLA and similar state laws.
Our
operations may be subject to the Clean Air Act, or CAA, and comparable state and
local requirements. Amendments to the CAA were adopted in 1990 and
contain provisions that may result in the gradual imposition of certain
pollution control requirements with respect to air emissions from our
operations. The EPA and states have been developing regulations to
implement these requirements. We may be required to incur certain
capital expenditures in the next several years for air pollution control
equipment in connection with maintaining or obtaining operating permits and
approvals addressing other air emission-related issues. The state of
Colorado has also indicated it intends to implement new air regulations later in
2008 which affect the oil and gas industry, including our operations, related to
air emissions and wildlife.
The
Federal Clean Water Act, or CWA, and analogous state laws impose strict controls
against the discharge of pollutants, including spills and leaks of oil and other
substances. The CWA also regulates storm water run-off from oil and
gas facilities and requires a storm water discharge permit for certain
activities. Spill prevention, control, and countermeasure
requirements of the CWA require appropriate containment terms and similar
structures to help prevent the contamination of navigable waters in the event of
a petroleum hydrocarbon tank spill, rupture, or leak.
Oil
production is subject to many of the same operating hazards and environmental
concerns as natural gas production, but is also subject to the risk of oil
spills. Federal regulations require certain owners or operators of
facilities that store or otherwise handle oil, including us, to procure and
implement Spill Prevention, Control and Counter-measures plans relating to the
possible discharge of oil into surface waters. The Oil Pollution Act
of 1990, or OPA, subjects owners of facilities to strict joint and several
liability for all containment and cleanup costs and certain other damages
arising from oil spills. Noncompliance with OPA may result in varying
civil and criminal penalties and liabilities. We are also subject to
the CWA and analogous state laws relating to the control of water pollution,
which laws provide varying civil and criminal penalties and liabilities for
release of petroleum or its derivatives into surface waters or into the
ground. Historically, we have not experienced any significant oil
discharge or oil spill problems.
Our
expenses relating to preserving the environment during 2007 were not significant
in relation to operating costs and we expect no material change in
2008. Environmental regulations have had no materially adverse effect
on our operations to date, but no assurance can be given that environmental
regulations will not, in the future, result in a curtailment of production or
otherwise have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition
or results of operations.
Operating
Hazards and Insurance
Our
exploration and production operations include a variety of operating risks,
including the risk of fire, explosions, blowouts, cratering, pipe failure,
casing collapse, abnormally pressured formations, and environmental hazards such
as gas leaks, ruptures and discharges of toxic gas. The occurrence of
any of these could result in substantial losses to us due to injury and loss of
life, severe damage to and destruction of property, natural resources and
equipment, pollution and other environmental damage, clean-up responsibilities,
regulatory investigation and penalties and suspension of
operations. Our pipeline, gathering and distribution operations are
subject to the many hazards inherent in the natural gas
industry. These hazards include damage to wells, pipelines and other
related equipment, damage to property caused by hurricanes, floods, fires and
other acts of God, inadvertent damage from construction equipment, leakage of
natural gas and other hydrocarbons, fires and explosions and other hazards that
could also result in personal injury and loss of life, pollution and suspension
of operations.
Any
significant problems related to our facilities could adversely affect our
ability to conduct our operations. In accordance with customary
industry practice, we maintain insurance against some, but not all, potential
risks; however, there can be no assurance that such insurance will be adequate
to cover any losses or exposure for liability. The occurrence of a
significant event not fully insured against could materially adversely affect
our operations and financial condition. We cannot predict whether
insurance will continue to be available at premium levels that justify our
purchase or whether insurance will be available at all. Furthermore,
we are not insured against our economic losses resulting from damage or
destruction to third party property, such as the Rockies Express pipeline; such
an event could result in significantly lower regional prices or our inability to
deliver gas.
Competition
We
believe that our exploration, drilling and production capabilities and the
experience of our management and professional staff generally enable us to
compete effectively. We encounter competition from numerous other oil
and natural gas companies, drilling and income programs and partnerships in all
areas of operations, including drilling and marketing oil and natural gas and
obtaining desirable oil and natural gas leases on producing
properties. Many of these competitors possess larger staffs and
greater financial resources than we do, which may enable them to identify and
acquire desirable producing properties and drilling prospects more
economically. Our ability to explore for oil and natural gas
prospects and to acquire additional properties in the future depends upon our
ability to conduct our operations, to evaluate and select suitable properties
and to consummate transactions in this highly competitive
environment. We also face intense competition in the marketing of
natural gas from competitors including other producers as well as marketing
companies. Also, international developments and the possible improved
economics of domestic natural gas exploration may influence other companies to
increase their domestic oil and natural gas exploration. Furthermore,
competition among companies for favorable prospects can be expected to continue,
and it is anticipated that the cost of acquiring properties may increase in the
future. During 2007, our industry experienced continued strong demand
for drilling services and supplies. This is resulting in increasing
costs, and in some cases the demand for supplies and services exceeds the
available supplies. This can result in higher well costs and delays
in the execution of planned drilling operations. Factors affecting
competition in the oil and natural gas industry include price, location of
drilling, availability of drilling prospects and drilling rigs, pipeline
capacity, quality of production and volumes produced. We believe that
we can compete effectively in the oil and natural gas industry in each of the
listed areas. Nevertheless, our business, financial condition and
results of operations could be materially adversely affected by
competition. We also compete with other oil and gas companies as well
as companies in other industries for the capital we need to conduct our
operations. Recently, turmoil in the capital markets has made capital
more expensive and difficult to obtain. In the event that we do not
have adequate capital to execute our business plan, we may be forced to curtail
our drilling and acquisition activities.
Employees
As of
December 31, 2007, we had 256 employees, including 164 in production, 7 in
natural gas marketing, 26 in exploration and development, 37 in finance,
accounting and data processing, and 22 in administration. Our
engineers, supervisors and well tenders are responsible for the day-to-day
operation of wells and pipeline systems. In addition, we retain
subcontractors to perform drilling, fracturing, logging, and pipeline
construction functions at drilling sites, with our employees supervising the
activities of the subcontractors. In 2007, the total number of
Company employees increased by 67.
Our
employees are not covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We
consider relations with our employees to be excellent.
You
should carefully consider the following risk factors in addition to the other
information included in this report. Each of these risk factors could
adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as
well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our common stock or other
securities.
Risks
Related to Our Business and the Natural Gas and Oil Industry
Our
"material weaknesses" in our internal control over financial reporting and
resulting ineffective disclosure controls and procedures could have a material
adverse effect on the reliability of our financial statements and our ability to
file public reports on time, raise capital and meet our debt
obligations.
Our
management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2007, and pursuant to this assessment, identified
two material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. The
existence of any material weaknesses means there is a deficiency, or a
combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such
that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our
annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a
timely basis. The two material weaknesses relate to our failure to
maintain effective controls over some of our key financial statement
spreadsheets that support all significant balance sheet and income statement
accounts and our failure to ensure proper accounting for derivative
activities. For a more detailed discussion of our material
weaknesses, see Item 8, Management's Report on Internal
Control over Financial Reporting, and Item 9A, Controls and Procedures of
this report. As a result of these material weaknesses, our management
concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of
December 31, 2007.
Failure
to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and/or effective
disclosure controls and procedures could prevent us from being able to prevent
fraud and/or provide reliable financial statements and other public
reports. Such circumstances could harm our business and operating
results, cause investors to lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of
our financial statements and reports, and have a material adverse effect on the
trading price of our debt and equity securities and our ability to raise capital
necessary for our operations. These failures may also adversely
affect our ability to file our periodic reports with the SEC on
time. Being late in filing our periodic reports with the
SEC may result in the delisting of our common stock from the NASDAQ
Stock Market or a default under our senior credit agreement, the indenture
governing our outstanding 12% senior notes due 2018, and any other
instruments governing debt that we may incur in the
future. Ultimately, such defaults could lead to the acceleration of
our debt obligations, and if an acceleration of our debt obligations were to
occur, we would probably not have sufficient funds to repay those obligations
immediately, and we would be forced to seek alternative repayment arrangements
either through a bankruptcy or an out of court debt
restructuring. Consequently, our material weaknesses could lead to
significant and negative changes to our financial condition and the value of our
equity and debt securities.
Natural
gas and oil prices fluctuate unpredictably and a decline in natural gas and oil
prices can significantly affect the value of our assets, our financial results
and impede our growth.
Our
revenue, profitability and cash flow depend in large part upon the prices and
demand for natural gas and oil. The markets for these commodities are
very volatile, and even relatively modest drops in prices can significantly
affect our financial results and impede our growth. Changes in
natural gas and oil prices have a significant effect on our cash flow and on the
value of our reserves, which can in turn reduce our borrowing base under our
senior credit agreement. Prices for natural gas and oil may fluctuate
widely in response to relatively minor changes in the supply of and demand for
natural gas and oil, market uncertainty and a variety of additional factors that
are beyond our control, including national and international economic and
political factors and federal and state legislation.
The
prices of natural gas and oil are volatile, often fluctuating
greatly. Lower natural gas and oil prices may not only reduce our
revenues, but also may reduce the amount of natural gas and oil that we can
produce economically. As a result, we may have to make substantial
downward adjustments to our estimated proved reserves. If this occurs
or if our estimates of development costs increase, production data factors
change or our exploration results deteriorate, accounting rules may require us
to write-down operating assets to fair value, as a non-cash charge to
earnings. We assess impairment of capitalized costs of proved natural
gas and oil properties by comparing net capitalized costs to estimated
undiscounted future net cash flows on a field-by-field basis using estimated
production based upon prices at which management reasonably estimates such
products may be sold. In 2006, we recorded an impairment charge of
$1.5 million related to our Nesson field in North Dakota. There were
no impairments during 2007 or 2005. We may incur impairment charges
in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on the results of our
operations.
A
substantial part of our natural gas and oil production is located in the Rocky
Mountain Region, making it vulnerable to risks associated with operating in a
single major geographic area.
Our
operations have been focused on the Rocky Mountain Region, which means our
current producing properties and new drilling opportunities are geographically
concentrated in that area. Because our operations are not as
diversified geographically as many of our competitors, the success of our
operations and our profitability may be disproportionately exposed to the effect
of any regional events, including fluctuations in prices of natural gas and oil
produced from the wells in the region, natural disasters, restrictive
governmental regulations, transportation capacity constraints, curtailment of
production or interruption of transportation, and any resulting delays or
interruptions of production from existing or planned new wells.
During
the second half of 2007, natural gas prices in the Rocky Mountain Region have
fallen disproportionately when compared to other markets, due in part to
continuing constraints in transporting natural gas from producing properties in
the region. Because of the concentration of our operations in the
Rocky Mountain Region, such price decreases are more likely to have a material
adverse effect on our revenue, profitability and cash flow than those of our
more geographically diverse competitors.
Our
estimated natural gas and oil reserves are based on many assumptions that may
turn out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in these reserve
estimates or underlying assumptions may materially affect the quantities and
present value of our reserves.
No one
can measure underground accumulations of natural gas and oil in an exact
way. Natural gas and oil reserve engineering requires subjective
estimates of underground accumulations of natural gas and oil and assumptions
concerning future natural gas and oil prices, production levels, and operating
and development costs over the economic life of the properties. As a
result, estimated quantities of proved reserves and projections of future
production rates and the timing of development expenditures may be
inaccurate. Independent petroleum engineers prepare our estimates of
natural gas and oil reserves using pricing, production, cost, tax and other
information that we provide. The reserve estimates are based on
certain assumptions regarding future natural gas and oil prices, production
levels, and operating and development costs that may prove
incorrect. Any significant variance from these assumptions to actual
figures could greatly affect:
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the
estimates of reserves;
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the
economically recoverable quantities of natural gas and oil attributable to
any particular group of properties;
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future
depreciation, depletion and amortization rates and
amounts;
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the
classifications of reserves based on risk of recovery;
and
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estimates
of the future net cash flows.
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Some of
our reserve estimates must be made with limited production history, which
renders these reserve estimates less reliable than estimates based on a longer
production history. Numerous changes over time to the assumptions on
which the reserve estimates are based, as described above, often result in the
actual quantities of natural gas and oil recovered being different from earlier
reserve estimates.
The
present value of our estimated future net cash flows from proved reserves is not
necessarily the same as the current market value of our estimated natural gas
and oil reserves (the SEC requires the use of year end prices). The
estimated discounted future net cash flows from proved reserves are based on
selling prices in effect on the day of estimate (year end). However,
factors such as actual prices we receive for natural gas and oil and hedging
instruments, the amount and timing of actual production, amount and timing of
future development costs, supply of and demand for natural gas and oil, and
changes in governmental regulations or taxation also affect our actual future
net cash flows from our natural gas and oil properties.
The
timing of both our production and incurrence of expenses in connection with the
development and production of natural gas and oil properties will affect the
timing of actual future net cash flows from proved reserves, and thus their
actual present value. In addition, the 10% discount factor (the rate
required by the SEC) we use when calculating discounted future net cash flows
may not be the most appropriate discount factor based on interest rates
currently in effect and risks associated with our natural gas and oil properties
or the natural gas and oil industry in general.
Unless
natural gas and oil reserves are replaced as they are produced, our reserves and
production will decline, which would adversely affect our future business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Producing
natural gas and oil reservoirs generally are characterized by declining
production rates that vary depending upon reservoir characteristics and other
factors. The rate of decline will change if production from existing
wells declines in a different manner than we estimated and the rate can change
due to other circumstances. Thus, our future natural gas and oil
reserves and production and, therefore, our cash flow and income, are highly
dependent on efficiently developing and exploiting our current reserves and
economically finding or acquiring additional recoverable reserves. We
may not be able to develop, discover or acquire additional reserves to replace
our current and future production at acceptable costs. As a result,
our future operations, financial condition and results of operations would be
adversely affected.
Acquisitions
are subject to the uncertainties of evaluating recoverable reserves and
potential liabilities.
Acquisitions
of producing properties and undeveloped properties have been an important part
of our historical growth. We expect acquisitions will also contribute
to our future growth. Successful acquisitions require an assessment
of a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. These
factors include recoverable reserves, development potential, future natural gas
and oil prices, operating costs and potential environmental and other
liabilities. Such assessments are inexact and their accuracy is
inherently uncertain. In connection with our assessments, we perform
engineering, geological and geophysical reviews of the acquired properties,
which we believe is generally consistent with industry
practices. However, such reviews are not likely to permit us to
become sufficiently familiar with the properties to fully assess their
deficiencies and capabilities. We do not inspect every well prior to
an acquisition. Even when we inspect a well, we do not always
discover structural, subsurface and environmental problems that may exist or
arise. In some cases, our review prior to signing a definitive
purchase agreement may be even more limited.
Our focus
on acquiring producing natural gas and oil properties may increase our potential
exposure to liabilities and costs for environmental and other problems existing
on acquired properties. Often we are not entitled to contractual
indemnification associated with acquired properties. Normally, we
acquire interests in properties on an “as is” basis with no or limited remedies
for breaches of representations and warranties, as was the case in the
acquisitions of assets from EXCO Resources Inc. and Castle, as well as the
acquisition of all shares of Unioil. We could incur significant
unknown liabilities, including environmental liabilities, or experience losses
due to title defects, in our acquisitions for which we have limited or no
contractual remedies or insurance coverage.
Additionally,
significant acquisitions can change the nature of our operations depending upon
the character of the acquired properties, which may have substantially different
operating and geological characteristics or be in different geographic locations
than our existing properties. For example, in the Castle acquisition,
we acquired interests in wells which we will need to operate together with other
partners, we acquired pipelines that we will need to operate and expect we will
need to commit to drilling in the acquired areas to achieve the expected
benefits. Consequently, we may not be able to efficiently realize the
assumed or expected economic benefits of properties that we acquire, if at
all.
When
drilling prospects, we may not yield natural gas or oil in commercially viable
quantities.
A
prospect is a property on which our geologists have identified what they
believe, based on available information, to be indications of natural gas or oil
bearing rocks. However, our geologists cannot know conclusively prior
to drilling and testing whether natural gas or oil will be present or, if
present, whether natural gas or oil will be present in sufficient quantities to
repay drilling or completion costs and generate a profit given the available
data and technology. If a well is determined to be dry or uneconomic,
which can occur even though it contains some oil or natural gas, it is
classified as a dry hole and must be plugged and abandoned in accordance with
applicable regulations. This generally results in the loss of the
entire cost of drilling and completion to that point, the cost of plugging, and
lease costs associated with the prospect. Even wells that are
completed and placed into production may not produce sufficient natural gas and
oil to be profitable. If we drill a dry hole or unprofitable well on
current and future prospects, the profitability of our operations will decline
and our value will likely be reduced. In sum, the cost of drilling,
completing and operating any well is often uncertain and new wells may not be
productive.
We
may not be able to identify enough attractive prospects on a timely basis to
meet our development needs, which could limit our future development
opportunities.
Our
geologists have identified a number of potential drilling locations on our
existing acreage. These drilling locations must be replaced as they
are drilled for us to continue to grow our reserves and
production. Our ability to identify and acquire new drilling
locations depends on a number of uncertainties, including the availability of
capital, regulatory approvals, natural gas and oil prices, competition, costs,
availability of drilling rigs, drilling results and the ability of our
geologists to successfully identify potentially successful new areas to
develop. Because of these uncertainties, our profitability and growth
opportunities may be limited by the timely availability of new drilling
locations. As a result, our operations and profitability could be
adversely affected.
Drilling
for and producing natural gas and oil are high risk activities with many
uncertainties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Drilling
activities are subject to many risks, including the risk that we will not
discover commercially productive reservoirs. Drilling for natural gas and oil
can be unprofitable, not only due to dry holes, but also due to curtailments,
delays or cancellations as a result of other factors, including:
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unusual
or unexpected geological
formations;
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loss
of drilling fluid circulation;
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facility
or equipment malfunctions;
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unexpected
operational events;
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shortages
or delivery delays of equipment and
services;
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compliance
with environmental and other governmental requirements;
and
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adverse
weather conditions.
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Any of
these risks can cause substantial losses, including personal injury or loss of
life, damage to or destruction of property, natural resources and equipment,
pollution, environmental contamination or loss of wells and regulatory
penalties. We maintain insurance against various losses and
liabilities arising from operations; however, insurance against all operational
risks is not available. Additionally, our management may elect not to
obtain insurance if the cost of available insurance is excessive relative to the
perceived risks presented. Thus, losses could occur for uninsurable or uninsured
risks or in amounts in excess of existing insurance coverage. The
occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance could have a
material adverse effect on business activities, financial condition and results
of operations.
We
may be forced to curtail our drilling operations, thereby reducing revenue and
profits from new natural gas and oil wells and from our drilling and completion
activities, due to increased drilling activity, particularly in the Rocky
Mountain Region, which may create a shortage of drilling rigs, service
providers, or materials.
With high
natural gas and oil prices, many natural gas and oil companies have increased
the drilling and completing of new wells and the reworking of old
wells. At the same time there is a limited supply of drilling rigs,
completion equipment and qualified personnel to provide the services necessary
to drill, complete and rework new wells. We do not own any drilling
rigs. The Rocky Mountain Region has seen a great increase in activity over the
past few years. If the demand for these goods and services continues
to increase, shortages may develop, which could result in increased prices for
these goods and services or our inability to complete all of the drilling we
have planned. Thus, we could be forced to drill less, and we could
temporarily or permanently lose all or part of our drilling operations,
negatively affecting our profits.
Our oil and gas well drilling
operations segment has historically received most of its revenue from the
partnerships we sponsor, and a reduction or loss of that business could reduce
or eliminated the revenue, profit and cash flow associated with those
activities.
Our
oil and gas well drilling operations segment has historically received most of
its revenue from the partnerships we sponsor. We sponsor oil and natural
gas partnerships through a network of non-affiliated NASD broker dealers.
In January 2008, we announced that we would not be offering a partnership in
2008. There can be no assurance that the network of brokers will be
available or can be recreated if we wish to use partnerships to raise funds in
future years. In that situation, our operations and profitability could be
adversely affected.
Under
the “successful efforts” accounting method that we use, unsuccessful exploratory
wells must be expensed in the period when they are determined to be
non-productive, which reduces our net income in such periods and could have a
negative effect on our profitability.
We
conducted exploratory drilling in 2006 and 2007 and plan to continue exploratory
drilling in 2008 in order to identify additional opportunities for future
development. Under the “successful efforts” method of accounting that
we use, the cost of unsuccessful exploratory wells must be charged to expense in
the period when they are determined to be unsuccessful. In addition,
lease costs for acreage condemned by the unsuccessful well must also be
expensed. In contrast, unsuccessful development wells are capitalized
as a part of the investment in the field where they are
located. Because exploratory wells generally are more likely to be
unsuccessful than development wells, we anticipate that some or all of our
exploratory wells may not be productive. The costs of such
unsuccessful exploratory wells could result in a significant reduction in our
profitability in periods when the costs are required to be expensed and these
increased costs could reduce our net income and have a negative effect on our
profitability and ability to repay or refinance our indebtedness.
Increasing
finding and development costs may impair our profitability.
In order
to continue to grow and maintain our profitability, we must annually add new
reserves that exceed our yearly production at a finding and development cost
that yields an acceptable operating margin and depreciation, depletion and
amortization rate. Without cost effective exploration, development or
acquisition activities, our production, reserves and profitability will decline
over time. Given the relative maturity of most natural gas and oil
basins in North America and the high level of activity in the industry, the cost
of finding new reserves through exploration and development operations has been
increasing. The acquisition market for natural gas and oil properties
has become extremely competitive among producers for additional production and
expanded drilling opportunities in North America. Acquisition values
climbed toward historic highs during 2006 and 2007 on a per unit basis,
particularly in the Rocky Mountain Region, and we believe these values may
continue to increase in 2008. This increase in finding and
development costs results in higher depreciation, depletion and amortization
rates. If the upward trend in finding and development costs
continues, we will be exposed to an increased likelihood of a write-down in
carrying value of our natural gas and oil properties in response to falling
commodity prices and reduced profitability of our operations.
Our
development and exploration operations require substantial capital, and we may
be unable to obtain needed capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which
could lead to a loss of properties and a decline in our natural gas and oil
reserves.
The
natural gas and oil industry is capital intensive. We make and expect
to continue to make substantial capital expenditures in our business and
operations for the exploration, development, production and acquisition of
natural gas and oil reserves. To date, we have financed capital
expenditures primarily with bank borrowings and cash generated by
operations. We intend to finance our future capital expenditures with
cash flow from operations and our existing and planned financing
arrangements. Our cash flow from operations and access to capital are
subject to a number of variables, including:
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the
amount of natural gas and oil we are able to produce from existing
wells;
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the
prices at which natural gas and oil are
sold;
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the
costs to produce oil and natural gas;
and
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our
ability to acquire, locate and produce new
reserves.
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If our
revenues or the borrowing base under our credit facility decreases as a result
of lower natural gas and oil prices, operating difficulties, declines in
reserves or for any other reason, then we may have limited ability to obtain the
capital necessary to sustain our operations at current levels. We
may, from time to time, need to seek additional financing. There can
be no assurance as to the availability or terms of any additional
financing.
If our revenues or the
borrowing base under our revolving credit facility decrease as a result of lower
natural gas and oil prices, or we incur operating difficulties, declines in
reserves or for any other reason, we may have limited ability to obtain the
capital necessary to sustain our operations at planned
levels.
If
additional capital is needed, we may not be able to obtain debt or equity
financing on favorable terms, or at all. If cash generated by our
operations or sale of drilling partnerships or available under our revolving
credit facility is not sufficient to meet our capital requirements, failure to
obtain additional financing could result in a curtailment of the exploration and
development of our prospects, which in turn could lead to a possible loss of
properties, decline in natural gas and oil reserves and a decline in our
profitability.
Our
credit facility has substantial restrictions and financial covenants and we may
have difficulty obtaining additional credit, which could adversely affect our
operations.
We depend
on our revolving credit facility for future capital needs. The terms
of the borrowing agreement require us to comply with certain financial covenants
and ratios. Our ability to comply with these restrictions and
covenants in the future is uncertain and will be affected by the levels of cash
flows from operations and events or circumstances beyond our
control. Our failure to comply with any of the restrictions and
covenants under the revolving credit facility or other debt financing could
result in a default under those facilities, which could cause all of our
existing indebtedness to be immediately due and payable.
The
revolving credit facility limits the amounts we can borrow to a borrowing base
amount, determined by the lenders in their sole discretion based upon projected
revenues from the natural gas and oil properties securing their
loan. The lenders can unilaterally adjust the borrowing base and the
borrowings permitted to be outstanding under the revolving credit
facility. Outstanding borrowings in excess of the borrowing base must
be repaid immediately, or we must pledge other natural gas and oil properties as
additional collateral. We do not currently have any substantial unpledged
properties, and we may not have the financial resources in the future to make
any mandatory principal prepayments required under the revolving credit
facility. Our inability to borrow additional funds under our credit
facility could adversely affect our operations.
Seasonal
weather conditions and lease stipulations adversely affect our ability to
conduct drilling activities in some of the areas where we operate.
Seasonal
weather conditions and lease stipulations designed to protect various wildlife
affect natural gas and oil operations in the Rocky Mountains. In
certain areas, including parts of the Piceance Basin in Colorado, drilling and
other natural gas and oil activities are restricted or prohibited by lease
stipulations, or prevented by weather conditions, for up to six months out of
the year. This limits our operations in those areas and can intensify
competition during those months for drilling rigs, oil field equipment,
services, supplies and qualified personnel, which may lead to periodic
shortages. These constraints and the resulting shortages or high
costs could delay our operations and materially increase operating and capital
costs and therefore adversely affect our profitability.
We
have limited control over activities on properties in which we own an interest
but we do not operate, which could reduce our production and
revenues.
We
operate most of the wells in which we own an interest. However, there
are some wells we do not operate because we participate through joint operating
agreements under which we own partial interests in natural gas and oil
properties operated by other entities. If we do not operate the
properties in which we own an interest, we do not have control over normal
operating procedures, expenditures or future development of underlying
properties. The failure of an operator to adequately perform
operations, or an operator’s breach of the applicable agreements, could reduce
production and revenues and affect our profitability. The success and
timing of drilling and development activities on properties operated by others
therefore depends upon a number of factors outside of our control, including the
operator’s timing and amount of capital expenditures, expertise (including
safety and environmental compliance) and financial resources, inclusion of other
participants in drilling wells, and use of technology.
Market
conditions or operational impediments could hinder our access to natural gas and
oil markets or delay production.
Market
conditions or the unavailability of satisfactory natural gas and oil
transportation arrangements may hinder our access to natural gas and oil markets
or delay our production. The availability of a ready market for
natural gas and oil production depends on a number of factors, including the
demand for and supply of natural gas and oil and the proximity of reserves to
pipelines and terminal facilities. Our ability to market our
production depends in substantial part on the availability and capacity of
gathering systems, pipelines and processing facilities owned and operated by
third parties. Failure to obtain such services on acceptable terms
could materially harm our business. We may be required to shut in
wells for lack of market or because of inadequacy, unavailability or the pricing
associated with natural gas pipeline, gathering system capacity or processing
facilities. If that were to occur, we would be unable to realize
revenue from those wells until we made production arrangements to deliver the
product to market. Thus, our profitability would be adversely
affected.
Our
derivative activities could result in financial losses or reduced
income.
We use
derivatives for a portion of our natural gas and oil production from our own
wells, our partnerships and for natural gas purchases and sales by our marketing
subsidiary to achieve a more predictable cash flow, to reduce exposure to
adverse fluctuations in the prices of natural gas and oil, and to allow our
natural gas marketing company to offer pricing options to natural gas sellers
and purchasers. These arrangements expose us to the risk of financial loss in
some circumstances, including when purchases or sales are different than
expected, the counter-party to the derivative contract defaults on its contract
obligations, or when there is a change in the expected differential between the
underlying price in the derivative agreement and actual prices that we
receive. In addition, derivative arrangements may limit the benefit
from changes in the prices for natural gas and oil and may require the use of
our resources to meet cash margin requirements. Since our derivatives
do not currently qualify for use of hedge accounting, changes in the fair value
of derivatives are recorded in our income statements, and our net income is
subject to greater volatility than if our derivative instruments qualified for
hedge accounting. For instance, we have recently increased our derivative
use. The market prices for oil and natural gas, however, have continued to
increase since such derivatives were entered; if such market pricing continues,
it could result in significant non-cash charges each quarter, which could have a
material negative affect on our net income.
The
inability of one or more of our customers to meet their obligations may
adversely affect our financial results.
Substantially
all of our accounts receivable result from natural gas and oil sales or joint
interest billings to a small number of third parties in the energy
industry. This concentration of customers and joint interest owners
may affect our overall credit risk in that these entities may be similarly
affected by changes in economic and other conditions. In addition,
our natural gas and oil derivatives as well as the derivatives used by our
marketing subsidiary expose us to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by
counterparties.
Terrorist
attacks or similar hostilities may adversely affect our results of
operations.
Increasing
terrorist attacks around the world have created many economic and political
uncertainties, some of which may materially adversely affect our
business. Uncertainty surrounding military strikes or a sustained
military campaign may affect our operations in unpredictable ways, including
disruptions of fuel supplies and markets, particularly oil, and the possibility
that infrastructure facilities, including pipelines, production facilities,
processing plants and refineries, could be direct targets of, or indirect
casualties of, an act of terror or war. The continuation of these
attacks may subject our operations to increased risks and, depending on their
ultimate magnitude, could have a material adverse effect on our business,
results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
Our
insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover some liabilities or losses
that we may incur.
The
occurrence of a significant accident or other event not fully covered by
insurance could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial
condition. Insurance does not protect us against all operational
risks. We do not carry business interruption insurance at levels that
would provide enough funds for us to continue operating without access to other
funds. For some risks, we may not obtain insurance if we believe the
cost of available insurance is excessive relative to the risks
presented. In addition, pollution and environmental risks that we are
subject to are generally not fully insurable.
We
may not be able to keep pace with technological developments in our
industry.
The
natural gas and oil industry is characterized by rapid and significant
technological advancements and introductions of new products and services using
new technologies. As our competitors use or develop new technologies,
we may be placed at a competitive disadvantage, and competitive pressures may
force us to implement those new technologies at substantial cost. In
addition, other natural gas and oil companies may have greater financial,
technical and personnel resources that allow them to enjoy technological
advantages and may in the future allow them to implement new technologies before
we can. We may not be able to respond to these competitive pressures
and implement new technologies on a timely basis or at an acceptable
cost. If one or more of the technologies we use now or in the future
were to become obsolete or if we were unable to use the most advanced
commercially available technology, our business, financial condition and results
of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Competition
in the natural gas and oil industry is intense, which may adversely affect our
ability to succeed.
The
natural gas and oil industry is intensely competitive, and we compete with other
companies that have greater resources. Many of these companies not
only explore for and produce natural gas and oil, but also carry on refining
operations and market petroleum and other products on a regional, national or
worldwide basis. These companies may be able to pay more for
productive natural gas and oil properties and exploratory prospects or define,
evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties and prospects than
we can. In addition, these companies may have a greater ability to
continue exploration activities during periods of low natural gas and oil market
prices. Larger competitors may be able to absorb the burden of
present and future federal, state, local and other laws and regulations more
easily than we can, which can adversely affect our competitive
position. Our ability to acquire additional properties and to
discover reserves in the future will be dependent upon our ability to
evaluate and select suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a
highly competitive environment. In addition, because many companies
in our industry have greater financial and human resources, we may be at a
disadvantage in bidding for exploratory prospects and producing natural gas and
oil properties. These factors could adversely affect the success of
our operations and our profitability.
We
are subject to complex federal, state, local and other laws and regulations that
could adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of doing
business.
Our
exploration, development, production and marketing operations are regulated
extensively at the federal, state and local levels. Environmental and other
governmental laws and regulations have increased the costs to plan, design,
drill, install, operate and abandon natural gas and oil wells. Under
these laws and regulations, we could also be liable for personal injuries,
property damage and other damages. Failure to comply with these laws
and regulations may result in the suspension or termination of operations and
subject us to administrative, civil and criminal penalties. Moreover,
public interest in environmental protection has increased in recent years, and
environmental organizations have opposed, with some success, certain drilling
projects.
Part of
the regulatory environment includes federal requirements for obtaining
environmental assessments, environmental impact studies and/or plans of
development before commencing exploration and production
activities. In addition, our activities are subject to the regulation
by natural gas and oil-producing states of conservation practices and protection
of correlative rights. These regulations affect our operations and
limit the quantity of natural gas and oil that can be produced and
sold. A major risk inherent in our drilling plans is the need to
obtain drilling permits from state and local authorities. Delays in
obtaining regulatory approvals, drilling permits, the failure to obtain a
drilling permit for a well or the receipt of a permit with unreasonable
conditions or costs could have a material adverse effect on our ability to
explore on or develop our properties. Additionally, the natural gas
and oil regulatory environment could change in ways that might substantially
increase our financial and managerial costs to comply with the requirements of
these laws and regulations and, consequently, adversely affect our
profitability. Furthermore, these additional costs may put us at a
competitive disadvantage compared to larger companies in the industry who can
spread such additional costs over a greater number of wells and larger operating
staff.
Litigation
has been commenced against us pertaining to our royalty practices and payments;
the cost of our defending these lawsuits, and any future similar lawsuit, could
be significant and any resulting judgments against us could have a material
adverse effect upon our financial condition.
Recent
litigation has commenced against us and several other companies in our industry
regarding royalty practices and payments in jurisdictions where we conduct
business. For more information on the two suits that currently relate
to us, see Item
3, Legal
Proceedings. We intend to defend ourselves vigorously in these
cases. Even if the ultimate outcome of this litigation resulted in
our dismissal, defense costs could be significant. These costs would
be reflected in terms of dollar outlay as well as the amount of time, attention
and other resources that our management would have to appropriate to the
defense. Although we cannot predict an eventual outcome of this
litigation, a judgment in favor of a plaintiff could have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition.
Information
technology financial systems implementation problems could disrupt our internal
business operations and adversely affect our business financial results or our
ability to report our financial results.
We are
currently in the process of implementing a new financial software system to
enhance operating efficiencies and provide more effective management of our
business operations. Our implementation is based on a phased
approach, with the financial reporting system to be implemented in the first
quarter of 2008. Implementations of financial systems and related
software carry such risks as cost overruns, project delays and business
interruptions, which could increase our expense, have an adverse effect on our
business, our ability to report in
an accurate and timely manner our financial position and our results of
operations and cash flows.
Risks
Associated with Our Indebtedness
We
may incur additional indebtedness to facilitate our acquisition of additional
properties, which would increase our leverage and could negatively affect our
business or financial condition.
Our
business strategy includes the acquisition of additional properties that we
believe would have a positive effect on our current business and
operations. We expect to continue to pursue acquisitions of such
properties and may incur additional indebtedness to finance the
acquisitions. Our incurrence of additional indebtedness would
increase our leverage and our interest expense, which could have a negative
effect on our business or financial condition.
If
we fail to obtain additional financing, we may be unable to refinance our
existing debt, expand our current operations or acquire new businesses. This
could result in our failure to grow in accordance with our plans, or could
result in defaults in our obligations under our senior credit agreement or the
indenture relating to our outstanding senior notes.
In order
to refinance indebtedness, expand existing operations and acquire additional
businesses or properties, we will require substantial amounts of
capital. There can be no assurance that financing, whether from
equity or debt financings or other sources, will be available or, if available,
will be on terms satisfactory to us. If we are unable to obtain such
financing, we will be unable to acquire additional businesses and may be unable
to meet our obligations under our senior credit agreement and the indenture
relating to our outstanding senior notes or any other debt securities we may
issue in the future.
The
indenture governing our outstanding senior notes and our senior credit agreement
impose (and we anticipate that the indentures governing any other debt
securities we may issue will also impose) restrictions on us that may limit the
discretion of management in operating our business. That, in turn, could impair
our ability to meet our obligations.
The
indenture governing our outstanding senior notes and our senior credit agreement
contain (and we anticipate that the indentures governing any other debt
securities we may issue will also contain) various restrictive covenants that
limit management’s discretion in operating our business. In
particular, these covenants limit our ability to, among other
things:
|
|
make
certain investments or pay dividends or distributions on our capital
stock, or purchase, redeem or retire capital
stock;
|
|
|
sell
assets, including capital stock of our restricted
subsidiaries;
|
|
|
restrict
dividends or other payments by restricted
subsidiaries;
|
|
|
enter
into transactions with affiliates;
and
|
|
|
merge
or consolidate with another
company.
|
These
covenants could materially and adversely affect our ability to finance our
future operations or capital needs. Furthermore, they may restrict
our ability to expand, to pursue our business strategies and otherwise conduct
our business. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be
affected by circumstances and events beyond our control, such as prevailing
economic conditions and changes in regulations, and we cannot assure you that we
will be able to comply with them. A breach of these covenants could
result in a default under the indenture governing our outstanding senior notes
and any other debt securities we may issue in the future and/or our senior
credit agreement. If there were an event of default under our
indenture and/or the senior credit agreement, the affected creditors could cause
all amounts borrowed under these instruments to be due and payable
immediately. Additionally, if we fail to repay indebtedness under our
senior credit agreement when it becomes due, the lenders under the senior credit
agreement could proceed against the assets which we have pledged to them as
security. Our assets and cash flow might not be sufficient to repay
our outstanding debt in the event of a default.
Our
senior credit agreement also requires us to maintain specified financial ratios
and satisfy certain financial tests. Our ability to maintain or meet
such financial ratios and tests may be affected by events beyond our control,
including changes in general economic and business conditions, and we cannot
assure you that we will maintain or meet such ratios and tests, or that the
lenders under the senior credit agreement will waive any failure to meet such
ratios or tests.
None.
Information
regarding our wells, production, proved reserves and acreage are included in
Item 1 and in Note
1, Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements
included in this report.
Substantially
all of our oil and natural gas properties have been mortgaged or pledged as
security for our credit facility. See Note 5, Long Term Debt, to our
consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Facilities
We own
our 32,000 square feet corporate office building located in Bridgeport, West
Virginia. In February 2008, we entered into an agreement to lease
approximately 17,000 square feet of office space in a building under
construction near the corporate office and purchased an approximate 12 acre,
undeveloped parcel of land adjacent to our existing corporate offices for
potential future expansion of the corporate office facility. We
maintain a lease for 13,000 square feet of administrative office space in
downtown Denver, Colorado through May 2012.
We own or
lease field operating facilities in the following locations:
|
·
|
West
Virginia: Bridgeport, Glenville and West
Union
|
|
·
|
Colorado: Evans,
Parachute and Wray
|
|
·
|
Pennsylvania: Indiana
and Mahaffey
|
Information
regarding our legal proceedings can be found in Note 8, Commitments and Contingencies –
Litigation, to our consolidated financial statements included in this
report.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY
HOLDERS
None.
PART
II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY,
RELATED STOCKHOLDERS MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY
SECURITIES.
Our
authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par
value $0.01 per share. There were 14,851,234 shares of common stock
issued and outstanding as of March 14, 2008. Our common stock is
traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker symbol
PETD.
The
following table sets forth the range of high and low sales prices for our common
stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market for the periods indicated
below.
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First
Quarter
|
|
$ |
55.20
|
|
|
$ |
40.53
|
|
Second
Quarter
|
|
|
55.24
|
|
|
|
44.59
|
|
Third
Quarter
|
|
|
51.13
|
|
|
|
35.73
|
|
Fourth
Quarter
|
|
|
61.91
|
|
|
|
41.65
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First
Quarter
|
|
|
46.17
|
|
|
|
32.12
|
|
Second
Quarter
|
|
|
45.62
|
|
|
|
32.51
|
|
Third
Quarter
|
|
|
45.23
|
|
|
|
33.16
|
|
Fourth
Quarter
|
|
|
47.44
|
|
|
|
36.54
|
|
As of
March 14, 2008, we had approximately 1,242 shareholders of record.
We
have not paid any dividends on our common stock and currently intend to retain
earnings for use in our business. Therefore, we do not expect to
declare cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Period
|
|
|
|
|
Average
Price Paid per
Share
|
|
|
Total
Number of Shares Purchased
as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or
Programs
|
|
|
Maximum
Number of Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or
Programs
|
|
Shares
purchased prior to October 1, 2007, under the current
repurchase program.
|
|
|
6,833
|
|
|
$ |
50.63
|
|
|
|
6,833
|
|
|
|
1,470,276
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth
quarter purchases:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October
1 - 31, 2007
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
November
1-30, 2007
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
December
1-31, 2007
|
|
|
5,187
|
|
|
|
57.93
|
|
|
|
5,187
|
|
|
|
1,465,089
|
|
Total
fourth quarter purchases
|
|
|
5,187
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,187
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
shares purchased under the current program
|
|
|
12,020
|
|
|
|
53.78
|
|
|
|
12,020
|
|
|
|
1,465,089
|
|
On
October 16, 2006, our Board of Directors approved a second 2006 share purchase
program authorizing us to purchase up to 10% of our then outstanding common
stock (1,477,109 shares) through April 2008. Stock purchases under
this program may be made in the open market or in private transactions, at times
and in amounts that we deem appropriate. Shares are generally
purchased at fair market value based on the closing price on the date of
purchase. Total shares purchased in 2007 pursuant to the program were
12,020 common shares at a cost of $0.6 million ($53.78 average price paid per
share), including 5,187 shares from our executive officers at a cost of $0.3
million ($57.93 price paid per share). Shares purchased pursuant to
the plan were primarily to satisfy the statutory minimum tax withholding
requirement for restricted stock that vested in 2007. All shares were
subsequently retired.
Pursuant to
our senior notes indenture entered on February 8, 2008, any future purchases are
limited, see Note 19, Subsequent Events,
to our accompanying consolidated financial statements.
On
February 25, 2008, pursuant to a separation agreement, we purchased 50,000
shares of our common stock from one of our executive officers at a cost of $3.4
million, or $67.92 per share. See Note 19, Subsequent Events, to our
consolidated financial statements included in this report.
SHAREHOLDER
PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The
performance graph below compares the cumulative total return of our common stock
over a five year period ended December 31, 2007, with the cumulative total
returns for the same period for a Standard Industrial Code Index, or SIC, and
the Standard and Poor's, or S&P, 500 Index. The SIC Code Index is
a weighted composite of 154 crude petroleum and natural gas
companies. The cumulative total shareholder return assumes that $100
was invested, including reinvestment of dividends, if any, in our common stock
on December 31, 2002, and in the S&P 500 Index and the SIC Code Index on the
same date. The results shown in the graph below are not necessarily
indicative of future performance.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
|
|
$ |
100.00 |
|
|
$ |
447.17 |
|
|
$ |
727.74 |
|
|
$ |
629.06 |
|
|
$ |
812.26 |
|
|
$ |
1,115.66 |
|
SIC
CODE INDEX
|
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
160.61 |
|
|
|
204.02 |
|
|
|
293.12 |
|
|
|
381.13 |
|
|
|
535.76 |
|
S&P
500 INDEX
|
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
128.68 |
|
|
|
142.69 |
|
|
|
149.70 |
|
|
|
173.34 |
|
|
|
182.87 |
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
175,187 |
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
|
$ |
102,559 |
|
|
$ |
69,492 |
|
|
$ |
48,394 |
|
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
103,624 |
|
|
|
131,325 |
|
|
|
121,104 |
|
|
|
94,627 |
|
|
|
73,132 |
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations (1)
|
|
|
12,154 |
|
|
|
17,917 |
|
|
|
99,963 |
|
|
|
94,076 |
|
|
|
57,510 |
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
9,342 |
|
|
|
10,704 |
|
|
|
8,760 |
|
|
|
7,677 |
|
|
|
6,907 |
|
Oil
and gas price risk management (loss) gain, net
|
|
|
2,756 |
|
|
|
9,147 |
|
|
|
(9,368 |
) |
|
|
(3,085 |
) |
|
|
(812 |
) |
Other
|
|
|
2,172 |
|
|
|
2,221 |
|
|
|
2,180 |
|
|
|
1,696 |
|
|
|
3,338 |
|
Total
revenues
|
|
|
305,235 |
|
|
|
286,503 |
|
|
|
325,198 |
|
|
|
264,483 |
|
|
|
188,469 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs
and expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas production and well operations costs
|
|
|
49,264 |
|
|
|
29,021 |
|
|
|
20,400 |
|
|
|
17,713 |
|
|
|
13,630 |
|
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
100,584 |
|
|
|
130,150 |
|
|
|
119,644 |
|
|
|
92,881 |
|
|
|
72,361 |
|
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations (1)
|
|
|
2,508 |
|
|
|
12,617 |
|
|
|
88,185 |
|
|
|
77,696 |
|
|
|
46,946 |
|
Exploration
expense
|
|
|
23,551 |
|
|
|
8,131 |
|
|
|
11,115 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
General
and administrative expense
|
|
|
30,968 |
|
|
|
19,047 |
|
|
|
6,960 |
|
|
|
4,506 |
|
|
|
4,975 |
|
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
|
70,844 |
|
|
|
33,735 |
|
|
|
21,116 |
|
|
|
18,156 |
|
|
|
15,313 |
|
Total
costs and expenses
|
|
|
277,719 |
|
|
|
232,701 |
|
|
|
267,420 |
|
|
|
210,952 |
|
|
|
153,225 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain
on sale of leaseholds (2)
|
|
|
33,291 |
|
|
|
328,000 |
|
|
|
7,669 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from operations
|
|
|
60,807 |
|
|
|
381,802 |
|
|
|
65,447 |
|
|
|
53,531 |
|
|
|
35,244 |
|
Interest
income
|
|
|
2,662 |
|
|
|
8,050 |
|
|
|
898 |
|
|
|
185 |
|
|
|
190 |
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
(9,279 |
) |
|
|
(2,443 |
) |
|
|
(217 |
) |
|
|
(238 |
) |
|
|
(816 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before income taxes and cumulative effect of change in accounting
principle
|
|
|
54,190 |
|
|
|
387,409 |
|
|
|
66,128 |
|
|
|
53,478 |
|
|
|
34,618 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision
for income taxes
|
|
|
20,981 |
|
|
|
149,637 |
|
|
|
24,676 |
|
|
|
20,250 |
|
|
|
11,934 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
|
|
|
33,209 |
|
|
|
237,772 |
|
|
|
41,452 |
|
|
|
33,228 |
|
|
|
22,684 |
|
Cumulative
effect of change in accounting principle (net of taxes of $1,392) (3)
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(2,271 |
) |
Net
income
|
|
$ |
33,209 |
|
|
$ |
237,772 |
|
|
$ |
41,452 |
|
|
$ |
33,228 |
|
|
$ |
20,413 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
2.25 |
|
|
$ |
15.18 |
|
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
|
$ |
2.05 |
|
|
$ |
1.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
earnings per share
|
|
$ |
2.24 |
|
|
$ |
15.11 |
|
|
$ |
2.52 |
|
|
$ |
2.00 |
|
|
$ |
1.25 |
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2003
|
|
Total
assets
|
|
$ |
1,050,479 |
|
|
$ |
884,287 |
|
|
$ |
444,361 |
|
|
$ |
329,453 |
|
|
$ |
294,004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working
capital (deficit)
|
|
$ |
(50,212 |
) |
|
$ |
29,180 |
|
|
$ |
(16,763 |
) |
|
$ |
231 |
|
|
$ |
7,287 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
$ |
235,000 |
|
|
$ |
117,000 |
|
|
$ |
24,000 |
|
|
$ |
21,000 |
|
|
$ |
53,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders'
equity
|
|
$ |
395,526 |
|
|
$ |
360,144 |
|
|
$ |
188,265 |
|
|
$ |
154,021 |
|
|
$ |
112,559 |
|
(1)
|
In
December 2005, we began entering into cost-plus drilling service
arrangements, which are recorded on a net basis unlike our footage based
arrangements which are recorded on a gross basis. See Note 1,
"Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," to our consolidated
financial statements included in this
report.
|
(2)
|
In
July 2006, we sold a portion of our undeveloped leasehold located in Grand
Valley Field, Garfield County, Colorado. See Note 16, "Sale
of Oil and Gas Properties," to our consolidated financial statements
included in this report.
|
(3)
|
Represents
the income effect of the adoption of SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset
Retirement Obligations. See Note 7, "Asset
Retirement Obligation," to our consolidated financial statements included
in this report.
|
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The
following discussion and analysis, as well as other sections in this Form 10-K,
should be read in conjunction with our accompanying consolidated financial
statements and related notes to consolidated financial statements included in
this report.
Year Ended December 31,
2007, Compared to December 31, 2006
Management
Overview
Net
Income
The
following table presents net income and diluted earnings per share for the year
ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
33,209 |
|
|
$ |
237,772 |
|
|
$ |
(204,563 |
) |
|
|
-86.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
earnings per share
|
|
$ |
2.24 |
|
|
$ |
15.11 |
|
|
$ |
(12.87 |
) |
|
|
-85.2 |
% |
Net
income for 2007, declined significantly due to last year's $328 million pretax
gain associated with the July 2006 sale of a leasehold to an unrelated party
(see Gain on
Sale of Leaseholds below). In 2007, we had two sales of
leaseholds, which totaled $33.3 million pretax. The positive driver
of net income in 2007 was the 65% increase in production, which contributed to
the $60 million increase in oil and gas sales despite lower average natural gas
prices. The increase in oil and gas sales was offset by increases in
depreciation, depletion and amortization, or DD&A,
expense, production and well operations cost, exploration expense and
general and administrative expense. Additionally, gains from oil and
gas price risk management, net, decreased $6.4 million from a $9.1 million gain
in 2006 to a $2.8 million gain in 2007, primarily due to increasing oil prices
at the end of 2007.
Revenues
Revenues
for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, are presented
below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
175,187 |
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
|
$ |
59,998 |
|
|
|
52.1 |
% |
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
103,624 |
|
|
|
131,325 |
|
|
|
(27,701 |
) |
|
|
-21.1 |
% |
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
12,154 |
|
|
|
17,917 |
|
|
|
(5,763 |
) |
|
|
-32.2 |
% |
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
9,342 |
|
|
|
10,704 |
|
|
|
(1,362 |
) |
|
|
-12.7 |
% |
Oil
and gas price risk management gain, net
|
|
|
2,756 |
|
|
|
9,147 |
|
|
|
(6,391 |
) |
|
|
-69.9 |
% |
Other
|
|
|
2,172 |
|
|
|
2,221 |
|
|
|
(49 |
) |
|
|
-2.2 |
% |
Total
revenues
|
|
$ |
305,235 |
|
|
$ |
286,503 |
|
|
$ |
18,732 |
|
|
|
6.5 |
% |
Total
revenues for 2007 were up $18.7 million or 6.5% over 2006. The
increase was primarily due to a 52.1 % increase in oil and gas sales largely
offset by declines in natural gas marketing activities, oil and gas well
drilling operations and oil and gas price risk management gain,
net.
Oil and
natural gas sales increased $60 million as a result of the increase in
production of 65% although natural gas prices declined an average of 10% per
Mcf. Our natural gas marketing division enters into fixed-price
physical purchase and sale agreements that qualify as derivative
contracts. In order to offset these fixed-price physical derivatives,
we enter into financial derivative instruments that have the effect of locking
in the prices we will receive or pay for the same volumes and period, offsetting
the physical derivative. The decreases in both sales from natural gas
marketing activities and oil and gas price risk management, net, are a result of
a comparison of lower natural gas prices at December 31, 2006, compared with the
higher fourth quarter and year-end 2007 pricing. Lower well
operations and pipeline income is directly attributable to our January 2007
acquisition of the outstanding partnership interests in 44 of our sponsored
drilling partnerships for which we no longer receive income for operating these
wells and related pipelines.
Costs
and Expenses
Costs and
expenses for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, are presented
below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
Costs
and expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas production and well operations cost
|
|
$ |
49,264 |
|
|
$ |
29,021 |
|
|
$ |
20,243 |
|
|
|
69.8 |
% |
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
100,584 |
|
|
|
130,150 |
|
|
|
(29,566 |
) |
|
|
-22.7 |
% |
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
2,508 |
|
|
|
12,617 |
|
|
|
(10,109 |
) |
|
|
-80.1 |
% |
Exploration
expense
|
|
|
23,551 |
|
|
|
8,131 |
|
|
|
15,420 |
|
|
|
189.6 |
% |
General
and administrative expense
|
|
|
30,968 |
|
|
|
19,047 |
|
|
|
11,921 |
|
|
|
62.6 |
% |
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
|
70,844 |
|
|
|
33,735 |
|
|
|
37,109 |
|
|
|
110.0 |
% |
Total
costs and expenses
|
|
$ |
277,719 |
|
|
$ |
232,701 |
|
|
$ |
45,018 |
|
|
|
19.4 |
% |
The
increase in total costs and expenses for 2007 compared to 2006 was a reflection
of our growth over the past year, which was funded primarily by the reinvestment
of the proceeds from the 2006 sale of undeveloped leasehold of $353.6 million
into productive operating properties. Due to the acquisitions and the
significant number of new wells drilled for our own account and placed in
service during 2007, we have substantially increased production, resulting in
higher costs and expenses.
The
increases in oil and gas production and well operations cost and DD&A
expense for 2007 over 2006 reflects the growth we are currently experiencing
through acquisitions and increased drilling. The larger number of new
wells drilled and the increasing cost of well drilling, completion and equipping
of new wells, along with the higher market cost of our 2007 property
acquisitions, is reflected in the DD&A rate of our oil and gas properties,
which increase from $1.86 per Mcfe in 2006 to $2.37 per Mcfe in
2007. The increase in exploration expense in 2007 was due to the
liquidated damages from an exploration agreement and the subsequent lease
abandonment, expense related to eight exploratory dry holes, including one that
was pending determination at December 31, 2006, and increases in other
exploratory costs. The decrease in natural gas marketing costs
corresponds to the decline in sales from natural gas marketing activities as
referenced above. While general and administrative expense increased
$11.9 million from 2006 to 2007, general and administrative expense on a unit of
production basis remained relatively unchanged.
See the
following discussion of results of operations describing in more detail the
components of revenues and expenses and, where significant, providing an
analysis of changes year over year and the cause or underlying reason for such
change.
Results
of Operations
Revenues
Oil
and Gas Sales
The table
below sets forth revenues for oil and gas sales for the years ended December 31,
2007 and 2006, excluding the impact of commodity based derivative instruments,
which are included in oil and gas price risk management gain, net in the
statement of income.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
175,187 |
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
|
$ |
59,998 |
|
|
|
52.1 |
% |
The
increase in oil and gas sales in 2007 was primarily due to increased volumes of
oil and natural gas of 65%, partially offset by lower average sales prices of
natural gas. The increased volume of oil and natural gas contributed
$75 million to oil and gas sales, while the decline in natural gas prices
reduced oil and gas sales by $14 million in 2007 compared to
2006. The increase in natural gas and oil volumes was the result of
our increased investment in oil and gas properties, primarily the fourth quarter
2006 and first quarter 2007 acquisitions and the significantly increase in the
number of wells we drilled for our own account over the past
year. The oil and gas sales generated during 2007 from the
acquisitions made in 2007 and December 2006, and their subsequent development,
were $45.8 million.
Oil and Natural
Gas Production. Oil and natural gas production by area of
operation along with average sales price (excluding derivative gains/losses) for
the year is presented below.
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
Oil
(Bbls)
|
|
|
Natural
Gas (Mcf)
|
|
|
Natural
Gas Equivalent (Mcfe)
|
|
|
Oil
(Bbls)
|
|
|
Natural
Gas (Mcf)
|
|
|
Natural
Gas Equivalent (Mcfe)
|
|
|
Oil
(Bbls)
|
|
|
Natural
Gas (Mcf)
|
|
|
Natural
Gas Equivalent (Mcfe)
|
|
Production
(Mcf)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
|
5,490 |
|
|
|
2,711,300 |
|
|
|
2,744,240 |
|
|
|
1,837 |
|
|
|
1,451,729 |
|
|
|
1,462,751 |
|
|
|
199 |
% |
|
|
87 |
% |
|
|
88 |
% |
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
4,301 |
|
|
|
1,678,155 |
|
|
|
1,703,961 |
|
|
|
4,439 |
|
|
|
1,399,852 |
|
|
|
1,426,486 |
|
|
|
-3 |
% |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
19 |
% |
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
900,261 |
|
|
|
18,123,851 |
|
|
|
23,525,417 |
|
|
|
625,119 |
|
|
|
10,309,203 |
|
|
|
14,059,917 |
|
|
|
44 |
% |
|
|
76 |
% |
|
|
67 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
910,052 |
|
|
|
22,513,306 |
|
|
|
27,973,618 |
|
|
|
631,395 |
|
|
|
13,160,784 |
|
|
|
16,949,154 |
|
|
|
44 |
% |
|
|
71 |
% |
|
|
65 |
% |
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands, except average price)
|
|
|
(in
thousands, except average price)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
$ |
324 |
|
|
$ |
18,952 |
|
|
$ |
19,276 |
|
|
$ |
110 |
|
|
$ |
10,699 |
|
|
$ |
10,809 |
|
|
|
194 |
% |
|
|
77 |
% |
|
|
78 |
% |
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
294 |
|
|
|
10,270 |
|
|
|
10,564 |
|
|
|
271 |
|
|
|
9,141 |
|
|
|
9,412 |
|
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
12 |
% |
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
54,578 |
|
|
|
90,769 |
|
|
|
145,347 |
|
|
|
37,079 |
|
|
|
57,889 |
|
|
|
94,968 |
|
|
|
47 |
% |
|
|
57 |
% |
|
|
53 |
% |
Total
|
|
$ |
55,196 |
|
|
$ |
119,991 |
|
|
$ |
175,187 |
|
|
$ |
37,460 |
|
|
$ |
77,729 |
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
|
|
47 |
% |
|
|
54 |
% |
|
|
52 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
Sales Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Oil
- per Bbl, Natural Gas - per Mcf)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
$ |
59.08 |
|
|
$ |
6.99 |
|
|
$ |
7.02 |
|
|
$ |
60.14 |
|
|
$ |
7.37 |
|
|
$ |
7.39 |
|
|
|
-2 |
% |
|
|
-5 |
% |
|
|
-5 |
% |
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
68.31 |
|
|
|
6.12 |
|
|
|
6.20 |
|
|
|
61.07 |
|
|
|
6.53 |
|
|
|
6.60 |
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
-6 |
% |
|
|
-6 |
% |
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
60.62 |
|
|
|
5.01 |
|
|
|
6.18 |
|
|
|
59.31 |
|
|
|
5.62 |
|
|
|
6.75 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
-11 |
% |
|
|
-9 |
% |
Total
|
|
$ |
60.65 |
|
|
$ |
5.33 |
|
|
$ |
6.26 |
|
|
$ |
59.33 |
|
|
$ |
5.91 |
|
|
$ |
6.80 |
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
-10 |
% |
|
|
-8 |
% |
The
production generated from the acquisitions made in 2007 and December 2006, and
their subsequent development, was 6.5 Bcfe. This represents
approximately 59% of the total 11.0 Bcfe increase in production in 2007 compared
to 2006.
Late in
the second quarter of 2007, we placed into service the upgraded Garden Gulch
pipeline and compressor facility, which serves a majority of our wells in the
Piceance Basin. This upgrade included two new natural gas
compressors, with a third compressor added in the third quarter, and pipeline
facility enhancements. The upgrade and enhancements have increased
the capacity of the pipeline delivery system from 17,000 Mcf per day to
60,000 Mcf per day from the wells feeding this facility from the time of our
start-up in late June 2007.
Oil and Natural
Gas Pricing. Financial results depend
upon many factors, particularly the price of natural gas and our ability to
market our production effectively. Natural gas and oil prices have
been among the most volatile of all commodity prices. These price
variations have a material impact on our financial results. Natural
gas and oil prices also vary by region and locality, depending upon the distance
to markets, and the supply and demand relationships in that region or
locality. This can be especially true in the Rocky Mountain
Region. The combination of increased drilling activity and the lack
of local markets could result in a local market oversupply situation from time
to time. Such a situation existed in the Rocky Mountain Region during
2007, with production exceeding the local market demand and pipeline capacity to
non-local markets. The result, beginning in the second quarter of
2007 and continuing into the fourth quarter of 2007, had been a decrease in the
price of Rocky Mountain natural gas compared to the NYMEX price and other
markets as shown in the graph below. The expansion in January 2008 of
the Rockies Express pipeline, or REX, is the primary reason for the narrowing of
the NYMEX/CIG gap in December 2007 and forward. Once the third phase
of the expansion of the Rockies Express is completed in 2009, the pipeline
capacity is expected to increase by 64% to 1.8 Bcf/per day of natural gas from
the region. Like most producers in the region, we rely on major
interstate pipeline companies to construct these facilities to increase pipeline
capacity, rendering the timing and availability of these facilities beyond our
control.
Rocky
Mountain Region Pricing. Although our
weighted average price for natural gas in 2007 was $5.33 per Mcf, the price we
receive for a large portion of the natural gas produced in the Rocky Mountain
Region is based on a market basket of prices, which may include some gas sold at
the Colorado Interstate Gas, or CIG, Index. The CIG Index, and other
indices for production delivered to other Rocky Mountain pipelines, has
historically been less than the price received for natural gas produced in the
eastern regions, which is New York Mercantile Exchange, or NYMEX,
based. The natural gas price in the eastern regions, where 19.5% of
our total natural gas production for the year was produced, was $6.67 per Mcf
compared to our Rocky Mountain Region price per Mcf of $5.01. The
Rocky Mountain Region contributed 80.5% of our natural gas for the year and is
where we anticipate a majority of our future production increases will
occur. During 2007, through our derivative activities, we realized a
benefit from the floors put in place on our production in the Rocky Mountain
Region. We received $7.2 million in proceeds (gross, excluding the
cost of floors) from our derivative instruments during 2007 or $0.40 per Mcf,
which helped to offset the lower prices we received for our Rocky Mountain
Region natural gas. We report our activities from derivative
transactions under the oil and gas price risk management, net line item in our
accompanying consolidated statements of income.
The graph
below identifies the actual NYMEX and CIG natural gas prices by month from
January 2006 through February 2008 and the forward curve for natural gas prices
through March 2009 as of February 15, 2008. The forecasted prices in
the graph have been derived from the sources indicated and represent, in our
opinion, a reasonable view of the possible movement of the CIG and NYMEX natural
gas prices over the next thirteen months. However, because the prices
given in the graph represent forecasts of future matters and are subject to
future events which we cannot predict, we can give no assurance that these
forecasted prices will be as they are presented in the graph. An
investor should therefore not rely on these forecasted prices in making an
investment decision regarding our stock.
___________
*Source: Derived
from various sources including FutureSource, Inside FERC’s Gas Market Report and
ClearPort Trading.
While the
above graph shows a large differential between recent NYMEX and CIG pricing, the
gap began narrowing in November 2007 and has continued. As of
February 15, 2008, the price differential between NYMEX and CIG for 2008 has
narrowed to $(1.32) from $(3.38) average for the fourth
quarter. Although 80.5% of our 2007 natural gas production came from
the Rocky Mountain Region, the Rocky Mountain natural gas pricing is based upon
other indices in addition to CIG.
The
table below identifies the basis of our natural gas and oil pricing on a sales
volume basis for the year ended December 31, 2007. It further
outlines that 38% of our natural gas sales are derived from the CIG Index and
other similarly priced Rocky Mountain pipelines. In 2007, we realized
considerably higher prices associated with our non CIG volumes.
Energy
Market Exposure
|
as
of December 31, 2007
|
Area
|
|
Pricing
Basis
|
|
Commodity
|
|
Percent
of Oil and Gas Sales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grand
Valley/Wattenberg
|
|
Rocky
Mountain (CIG, et. al.)
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
38%
|
|
Colorado/North
Dakota
|
|
NYMEX
|
|
Oil
|
|
|
16%
|
|
NECO/Grand
Valley
|
|
Mid
Continent (Panhandle Eastern)
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
29%
|
|
Appalachian
|
|
NYMEX
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
10%
|
|
Michigan
|
|
Mich-Con/NYMEX
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
4%
|
|
Wattenberg
|
|
Colorado
Liquids
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
2%
|
|
Other
|
|
Other
|
|
Gas/Oil
|
|
|
1%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100%
|
|
Sales
from Natural Gas Marketing Activities
Revenues
from natural gas marketing activities for the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006, are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
|
|
$ |
103,624 |
|
|
$ |
131,325 |
|
|
$ |
(27,701 |
) |
|
|
-21.1 |
% |
The
decrease in sales from natural gas marketing activities in 2007 was primarily
due to a decrease in prices and a decrease in volumes sold, along with a $14
million decrease in unrealized gains on derivative transactions, from a $12.3
million gain in 2007 to a $1.7 million loss in 2007. In 2007, prices
were 5% lower on average than in 2006, resulting in a $4.8 million decline in
sales, and volumes sold decreased by 9%, resulting in an additional $8.8 million
decline in sales. In January 2007, we acquired all of the outstanding
partnership interests in 44 of our sponsored drilling
partnerships. Since this acquisition, we no longer record oil and gas
sales for the net 423 wells acquired. In total, our natural gas
marketing segment's sales volumes increased by 4% in 2007; however, once the
intercompany volumes are eliminated, the net remaining sales from our natural
gas marketing segment declined.
Our
natural gas marketing segment is composed of our wholly owned subsidiary,
RNG. RNG is a natural gas marketing company that specializes in the
purchase, aggregation and sale of natural gas production in our Eastern
operating areas. RNG markets the natural gas we produce and also
purchases natural gas in the Appalachian Basin from other producers, including
our affiliated partnerships, and resells it to utilities, industrial and
commercial customers as well as other marketers. RNG has established
relationships with many of the natural gas producers in the Appalachian Basin
and has gained significant expertise in the natural gas end-user
market. RNG's sales to end-user customers utilize transportation
services provided by regulated interstate pipeline companies. RNG's
derivative activities are comprised of both physical and cash-settled
derivatives. RNG offers fixed-price derivative contracts for the
purchase or sale of physical gas. RNG also enters into cash-settled
derivative positions with counterparties in order to offset those same physical
positions. RNG does not take speculative positions on commodity
prices.
The
following table sets forth RNG's derivative positions in effect as of December
31, 2007.
Riley
Natural Gas
Open
Derivative Positions
(dollars
in thousands, except average price data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quantity
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Contract
|
|
|
|
|
Commodity
|
|
Type
|
|
Gas-MMbtu
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Fair
Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Positions as of December 31, 2007
|
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Purchases
|
|
|
588,950 |
|
|
$ |
7.79 |
|
|
$ |
4,586 |
|
|
$ |
(246 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Sales
|
|
|
2,085,400 |
|
|
|
8.50 |
|
|
|
17,722 |
|
|
|
1,236 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Basis Swap Purchases
|
|
|
397,500 |
|
|
|
0.54 |
|
|
|
214 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Purchases
|
|
|
2,085,400 |
|
|
|
8.51 |
|
|
|
17,748 |
|
|
|
(473 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Sales
|
|
|
518,951 |
|
|
|
8.50 |
|
|
|
4,409 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
649 |
|
Oil
and Gas Well Drilling Operations
Revenues
from drilling operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, are
presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
$ |
12,154
|
|
|
$ |
17,917
|
|
|
$ |
(5,763
|
) |
|
|
-32.2
|
% |
The
decrease in oil and gas well drilling operations revenue was due to our change
from footage-based drilling arrangements to cost-plus drilling arrangements,
which are presented differently for accounting purposes. Beginning
with the last sponsored partnership in 2005 (for which revenue generating
activities began in 2006), our partnership wells have been drilled on a
"cost-plus" basis, which means that we charge the partnerships for the actual
cost of the wells plus an agreed upon mark-up above that cost. Prior
to that partnership, we had conducted most of our third-party drilling
activities on a footage basis, pursuant to which we drilled the wells for a
fixed price per foot drilled with additional chargeable items as provided for in
the drilling agreement. Our services provided under the cost-plus
drilling arrangements are reported net of recovered costs and reflected as
revenue in oil and gas well drilling operations, whereas the revenues under the
footage-based arrangements were recorded gross of related
expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2006, oil and gas well
drilling operations included $5.4 million in revenues related to footage based
arrangements.
Well
Operations and Pipeline Income
Revenues
from well operations and pipeline income for the years ended December 31, 2007
and 2006 are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
$ |
9,342 |
|
|
$ |
10,704 |
|
|
$ |
(1,362 |
) |
|
|
-12.7 |
% |
In
January 2007, we acquired all of the outstanding partnership interests in 44 of
our sponsored drilling partnerships. Having acquired 423 net wells
pursuant to the acquisition, we no longer record income for operating these
wells and related pipelines. This decrease in revenue was offset in
part by an increase in the number of new wells drilled and placed in service and
pipeline systems we operate for our sponsored drilling partnerships as well as
third parties.
Oil
and Gas Price Risk Management, Net
Oil and
gas price risk management, net for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,
are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas price risk management gain, net
|
|
$ |
2,756 |
|
|
$ |
9,147 |
|
|
$ |
(6,391 |
) |
|
|
-69.9 |
% |
In 2007,
we recorded realized gains of $7.2 million and unrealized losses of $4.4
million, resulting in a net $2.8 million gain for the year. In 2006,
we incurred realized and unrealized gains of $1.9 million and $7.2 million,
respectively, resulting in a $9.1 million gain. The significant
decline in the CIG market during the fall of 2007 resulted in the substantial
realized gains in 2007. When forward prices for oil and natural gas
prices increase, as they did at December 31, 2007, and for the additional
increases we are experiencing in 2008, our derivative portfolio, which includes
floors and swaps, decreases in value, resulting in unrealized loss
positions.
Oil and
gas price risk management, net is comprised of realized and unrealized changes
in the fair value of oil and natural gas derivatives related to our oil and
natural gas production. Oil and gas price risk management, net does
not include commodity based derivative transactions related to transactions from
marketing activities, which are included in sales from and cost of natural gas
marketing activities.
Oil and Natural
Gas Derivative Activities. Because of the
uncertainty surrounding natural gas and oil prices, we have used various
derivative instruments to manage some of the effect of fluctuations in
prices. Through December 2010, we have in place a series of floors
and ceilings, or “collars”, on a portion of the natural gas and oil
production. Under the arrangements, if the applicable index rises
above the ceiling price, we pay the counterparty; however, if the index drops
below the floor, the counterparty pays us. Through February 2011, we
have fixed price swaps in place on a small portion of our natural gas
production. During the three months ended December 31, 2007, our
average monthly natural gas and oil volumes sold were 2.3 Bcf and 81,100
Bbls.
The
following table sets forth our derivative positions in effect as of December 31,
2007, and includes positions entered into subsequently through March 3, 2008, on
our share of production by area. The table does not include positions
related to RNG or derivative contracts we entered into on behalf of our
affiliated partnerships.
|
|
|
|
Floors
|
|
|
Ceilings
|
|
|
Swaps
(Fixed Prices)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quantity
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gas-MMbtu
|
|
|
Contract
|
|
|
Quantity
|
|
|
Contract
|
|
|
Volume
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil-Bbls
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
MMbtu
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
MMbtu/Bbls
|
|
|
Price
|
|
Month
Set
|
|
Months
Covered
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Colorado
Interstate Gas (CIG) Based Hedges (Grand Valley Field, Piceance
Basin)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec-06
|
|
Jan
2008 – Mar 2008
|
|
|
247,700 |
|
|
$ |
5.25 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
Jan-07
|
|
Jan
2008 – Mar 2008
|
|
|
247,700 |
|
|
|
5.25 |
|
|
|
247,700 |
|
|
|
9.80 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
April
2008 – Oct 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
488,900 |
|
|
|
7.05 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
April
2008 – Oct 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
410,700 |
|
|
|
6.54 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
Jan
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
371,600 |
|
|
|
6.50 |
|
|
|
371,600 |
|
|
|
10.15 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Jan
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
221,650 |
|
|
|
7.00 |
|
|
|
221,650 |
|
|
|
9.70 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Jan
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
221,650 |
|
|
|
8.18 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
April
2009 - Oct 2009
|
|
|
371,600 |
|
|
|
5.75 |
|
|
|
371,600 |
|
|
|
8.75 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Mar-08
|
|
April
2009 - Oct 2009
|
|
|
365,050 |
|
|
|
5.75 |
|
|
|
365,050 |
|
|
|
9.05 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
NYMEX
Based Hedges - (Appalachian and Michigan Basins)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec-06
|
|
Jan
2008 – Mar 2008
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
7.00 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Jan-07
|
|
Jan
2008 – Mar 2008
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
7.00 |
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
13.70 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
April
2008 – Oct 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
8.33 |
|
Feb-08
|
|
April
2008 – Oct 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
8.58 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
9.00 |
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
11.32 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
72,400 |
|
|
|
8.40 |
|
|
|
72,400 |
|
|
|
13.05 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
72,400 |
|
|
|
9.62 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
April
2009 - Oct 2009
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
6.75 |
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
12.45 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Mar-08
|
|
April
2009 - Oct 2009
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
7.50 |
|
|
|
123,100 |
|
|
|
13.25 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Mar
2008 - Feb 2011
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
|
8.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
Floors
|
|
|
Ceilings
|
|
|
Swaps
(Fixed Prices)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quantity
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gas-MMbtu
|
|
|
Contract
|
|
|
Quantity
|
|
|
Contract
|
|
|
Volume
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil-Bbls
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
MMbtu
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
MMbtu/Bbls
|
|
|
Price
|
|
Month
Set
|
|
Months
Covered
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Panhandle
Based Hedges (NECO)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dec-06
|
|
Jan
2008 – Mar 2008
|
|
|
70,000 |
|
|
|
5.75 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Jan-07
|
|
Jan
2008 – Mar 2008
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
|
6.00 |
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
|
11.25 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
April
2008 – Oct 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
180,000 |
|
|
|
7.45 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
April
2008 – Oct 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
120,000 |
|
|
|
6.80 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
|
6.75 |
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
|
10.05 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
80,000 |
|
|
|
7.25 |
|
|
|
80,000 |
|
|
|
10.05 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
80,000 |
|
|
|
8.44 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
April
2009 - Oct 2009
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
|
6.00 |
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
|
9.70 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Mar-08
|
|
April
2009 - Oct 2009
|
|
|
130,000 |
|
|
|
6.25 |
|
|
|
130,000 |
|
|
|
11.75 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Colorado
Interstate Gas (CIG) Based Hedges (Wattenberg)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jan-07
|
|
Jan
2008 – Mar 2008
|
|
|
123,650 |
|
|
|
5.25 |
|
|
|
123,650 |
|
|
|
9.80 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
April
2008 - Oct 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
314,750 |
|
|
|
7.05 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
April
2008 - Oct 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
207,350 |
|
|
|
6.54 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
237,350 |
|
|
|
6.50 |
|
|
|
237,350 |
|
|
|
10.15 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
131,150 |
|
|
|
7.00 |
|
|
|
131,150 |
|
|
|
9.70 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Feb-08
|
|
Nov
2008 - Mar 2009
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
131,150 |
|
|
|
8.18 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
April
2009 - Oct 2009
|
|
|
237,350 |
|
|
|
5.75 |
|
|
|
237,350 |
|
|
|
8.75 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Mar-08
|
|
April
2009 - Oct 2009
|
|
|
214,850 |
|
|
|
5.75 |
|
|
|
214,850 |
|
|
|
9.05 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Oil
– NYMEX Based (Wattenberg/North Dakota)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oct-07
|
|
Jan
2008 – Dec 2008
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
25,900 |
|
|
|
84.20 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
Jan
2009 - Dec 2009
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
16,150 |
|
|
|
84.90 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
Jan
2009 - Dec 2009
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
16,150 |
|
|
|
85.40 |
|
Jan-08
|
|
Jan
2010 - Dec 2010
|
|
|
16,150 |
|
|
|
70.00 |
|
|
|
16,150 |
|
|
|
102.25 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Jan-08
|
|
Jan
2010 - Dec 2010
|
|
|
16,150 |
|
|
|
70.00 |
|
|
|
16,150 |
|
|
|
103.00 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
We use
oil and natural gas commodity derivative instruments to manage price risk for
ourselves as well as our sponsored drilling partnerships. We set
these instruments for ourselves and the partnerships jointly by area of
operation. As volumes produced change, the mix between PDC and the
partnerships may change. The above table reflects such revisions
necessary to present our positions in effect as of March 3, 2008.
Costs
and Expenses
Oil
and Gas Production and Well Operations Costs
Oil and
gas production and well operations costs for the years ended December 31, 2007
and 2006, are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands, except per Mcfe)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas production and well operations cost
|
|
$ |
49,264 |
|
|
$ |
29,021 |
|
|
$ |
20,243 |
|
|
|
69.8 |
% |
Per
Mcfe
|
|
$ |
1.76 |
|
|
$ |
1.71 |
|
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
|
|
2.9 |
% |
The
increase in oil and gas production and well operations costs for the year was
primarily attributable to the 65% increase in production volumes and the
increased number of wells and pipeline systems we operate as a result of our
2007 and December 2006 acquisitions. Lifting costs per Mcfe increased
8.9% from $1.23 per Mcfe in 2006 to $1.34 per Mcfe in 2007.
In
addition to increased production, the increase in costs is also attributable to
increased production and engineering staff, increased maintenance and operating
cost of the new pipeline and compressor upgrades and improvements, increased
production enhancements and workovers associated
with the December 2006 and the first quarter 2007 acquisitions and general oil
field services inflation pressures.
Cost
of Natural Gas Marketing Activities
Cost of
natural gas marketing activities for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,
are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
|
|
$ |
100,584 |
|
|
$ |
130,150 |
|
|
$ |
(29,566 |
) |
|
|
-22.7 |
% |
The
decrease in the costs of natural gas marketing activities in 2007 was primarily
due to a decrease in prices and in volumes purchased, along with a $13.4 million
decrease in unrealized losses on derivative transactions, from an $11.9 million
loss in 2006 to a $1.5 million gain in 2007. In 2007, prices declined
by 5% resulting in a $5.2 million decrease in costs and volumes purchased
decreased 8% resulting in an additional $8 million decrease in
costs. In January 2007, we acquired all of the outstanding
partnership interests in 44 of our sponsored drilling
partnerships. Since this acquisition, we no longer record the natural
gas purchases from the net 423 wells acquired . In total, the natural
gas marketing segment's purchased volumes increased by 5%; however, once the now
proportionately larger inter-company volumes are eliminated, the net remaining
purchases from the natural gas marketing segment declined.
Oil
and Gas Well Drilling Operations
Cost of
oil and gas well drilling operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006, are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations
|
|
$ |
2,508 |
|
|
$ |
12,617 |
|
|
$ |
(10,109 |
) |
|
|
-80.1 |
% |
The
decrease in cost of oil and gas well drilling operations was due to our change
from footage-based drilling arrangements to cost-plus drilling arrangements,
which are presented differently for accounting purposes. Beginning
with the last sponsored partnership in 2005 (for which revenue generating
activities began in 2006), our partnership wells have been drilled on a
"cost-plus" basis, which means that we charge the partnerships for the actual
cost of the wells plus an agreed upon mark-up above that cost. Prior
to that partnership, we had conducted most of our third-party drilling
activities on a footage basis, pursuant to which we drilled the wells for a
fixed price per foot drilled with additional chargeable items as provided for in
the drilling agreement. Our services provided under the cost-plus
drilling arrangements are reported net of recovered costs and reflected as
revenue in oil and gas well drilling operations, whereas the revenues under the
footage-based arrangements were recorded gross of related
expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2006, oil and gas well
drilling operations included $10 million in expenses related to footage based
arrangements. We recorded a $2.1 million loss from footage-based
contracts during the year ended December 31, 2006.
Exploration
Expense
Exploration
expense for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, are presented
below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exploration
expense
|
|
$ |
23,551 |
|
|
$ |
8,131 |
|
|
$ |
15,420 |
|
|
|
189.6 |
% |
The
increase in exploration expense for 2007 is primarily due to an exploration
agreement with an unaffiliated party, which we abandoned and for which we
recorded charges for liquidated damages of $2.7 million and $1.1 million related
to the write-off of the carrying value of the related acreage, $4.2 million in
expense related to eight exploratory dry holes, including one which was pending
determination at December 31, 2007, compared to one in 2006, $5.5 million
geological and geophysical costs related to seismic evaluation of various
exploratory prospects, $2.2 million in unproved oil and gas properties
amortization, and increased payroll and payroll related costs and other
exploratory department costs.
General
and Administrative Expense
General
and administrative expense for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, are
presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands, except per Mcfe)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General
and administrative expense
|
|
$ |
30,968 |
|
|
$ |
19,047 |
|
|
$ |
11,921 |
|
|
|
62.6 |
% |
Per
Mcfe
|
|
$ |
1.11 |
|
|
$ |
1.12 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
0.9 |
% |
The
increase in general and administrative expense for the year was primarily due to
increased costs related to higher payroll and employee benefits costs, including
stock-based compensation for the approximately one-third increase in employees
during 2007. The increase in management personnel is attributable to
the growth we are experiencing, the increase in the cost of recruiting and the
higher compensation required to obtain experienced oil and gas
personnel.
We have
also experienced higher financial statement audit costs related to the late
filing of our 2006 Form 10-K, higher compliance costs with the various
provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, increased accounting assistance from third
party consulting services and increased legal costs. Although general
and administrative expenses increased $11.9 million from 2006 to 2007, the rate
per Mcfe declined from $1.12 per Mcfe to $1.11 per Mcfe produced.
Depreciation,
Depletion and Amortization
DD&A
expense for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, are presented
below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands, except per Mcfe)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
$ |
70,844 |
|
|
$ |
33,735 |
|
|
$ |
37,109 |
|
|
|
110.0 |
% |
Per
Mcfe
|
|
|
2.53 |
|
|
|
1.99 |
|
|
|
0.54 |
|
|
|
27.1 |
% |
The 65%
higher production volumes realized in 2007 resulted in a $20.7 million increase
in DD&A expense in 2007 compared to 2006. The remaining period to
period change is primarily related to the cost of acquisitions of proved mineral
interest and the addition of wells, related equipment and
facilities. These acquisitions have been made at current market
prices, which are higher than our historical cost of property and
reserves. The increasing cost of well drilling, completion and
equipping of new wells along with the higher current costs of the acquisitions
during 2007 is reflected in the DD&A rates for oil and
gas properties as shown in the table below for our significant areas of
operations.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(per
Mcfe)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
$ |
1.32 |
|
|
$ |
1.13 |
|
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
1.28 |
|
|
|
0.83 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rocky
Mountain Region:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wattenberg
Field
(1)
|
|
|
2.99 |
|
|
|
2.34 |
|
Piceance
Basin
|
|
|
2.27 |
|
|
|
1.83 |
|
NECO
|
|
|
1.45 |
|
|
|
1.26 |
|
__________
|
(1)
|
This
field contains 89.1% of our oil
production.
|
The
weighted average DD&A rate for oil and gas properties increased to $2.37 per
Mcfe in 2007 from $1.87 per Mcfe in 2006. DD&A expense for
non-oil and gas properties, which are not included in the above table, increased
to $4.3 million in 2007 from $2 million in 2006.
The
DD&A rate for oil and gas properties declined from $2.50 per Mcfe from the
third quarter of 2007 to $2.12 per Mcfe in the fourth quarter of
2007. The major reason for the decline was the upward revision in our
new reserve report as of December 31, 2007, compared to 2006 primarily due to an
upward revision in production and higher commodity prices, partially offset by
increased operating costs. The average price for natural gas in the
reserve report was $6.77 per Mcf at December 31, 2007, compared to $4.96 per Mcf
at December 31, 2006, an increase of $1.81 per Mcf or 36.5%. The
average price for oil was $80.67 per barrel at December 31, 2007, compared to
$57.70 per barrel at December 31, 2006, an increase of $22.97 per barrel or
39.8%.
Gain
on Sale of Leaseholds
In July
2006, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement with an unaffiliated party
regarding the sale of our undeveloped leasehold located in the Grand Valley
Field, Garfield County, Colorado, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, or SEC, as Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 10-Q for the period ended
September 30, 2006. Total proceeds from the sale were $353.6 million,
of which we recognized a $328 million gain on sale of leasehold in the third
quarter of 2006.
In
May 2007, we entered into a letter agreement amending the above
mentioned purchase and sale agreement, relieving us of our obligation, in its
entirety, to either drill 16 wells or pay liquidated damages of $1.6 million per
undrilled well. As a result, we recognized the remaining deferred
gain of $25.6 million in the second quarter of 2007.
In
December 2007, we sold to the same unaffiliated party a portion of our North
Dakota properties for approximately $34.7 million. The properties,
located in Dunn, Williams and McKenzie Counties, North Dakota, include interests
in five producing Bakken wells and approximately 72,000 net undeveloped
acres. We recorded a gain on sale of leaseholds of $7.7 million in
the fourth quarter of 2007.
Non-operating
Income/Expense
Non-operating
income and expense for the years ended December 30, 2007 and 2006, are presented
below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
Non-operating
income (expense):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income
|
|
$ |
2,662 |
|
|
$ |
8,050 |
|
|
$ |
(5,388 |
) |
|
|
-66.9 |
% |
Interest
expense
|
|
$ |
(9,279 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,443 |
) |
|
$ |
(6,836 |
) |
|
|
279.8 |
% |
The
decrease in interest income for the quarter is a result of lower cash balances
earning interest compared to the same period last year, primarily due to the
$353.6 million in cash proceeds from the sale of undeveloped leaseholds in July
2006. The proceeds were reinvested in oil and gas properties by
mid-January 2007. The increase in interest expense in 2007 was due to
significantly higher average outstanding balances of our credit facility, offset
by capitalized construction period interest of $3 million in 2007 compared to
$1.6 million in 2006. We utilize our daily cash balances to reduce
the line of credit, lowering the costs of interest.
Provision
for Income Taxes
The
effective income tax rate for the provision for income taxes for 2007, was
38.7%, relatively unchanged from 38.6% for 2006. The benefit we
received from the 2007 domestic production deduction was offset by
non-deductible income tax and production tax penalties that were expensed during
the year.
Year Ended December 31,
2006, Compared to December 31, 2005
Management
Overview
Net
Income
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
237,772 |
|
|
$ |
41,452 |
|
|
$ |
196,320 |
|
|
|
473.6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
earnings per share
|
|
$ |
15.11 |
|
|
$ |
2.52 |
|
|
$ |
12.59 |
|
|
|
499.6 |
% |
Revenues
Revenues
for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, are presented
below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
|
$ |
102,559 |
|
|
$ |
12,630 |
|
|
|
12.3 |
% |
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
131,325 |
|
|
|
121,104 |
|
|
|
10,221 |
|
|
|
8.4 |
% |
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
17,917 |
|
|
|
99,963 |
|
|
|
(82,046 |
) |
|
|
-82.1 |
% |
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
10,704 |
|
|
|
8,760 |
|
|
|
1,944 |
|
|
|
22.2 |
% |
Oil
and gas price risk management gain (loss) net
|
|
|
9,147 |
|
|
|
(9,368 |
) |
|
|
18,515 |
|
|
|
-197.6 |
% |
Other
|
|
|
2,221 |
|
|
|
2,180 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
% |
Total
revenues
|
|
$ |
286,503 |
|
|
$ |
325,198 |
|
|
$ |
(38,695 |
) |
|
|
-11.9 |
% |
The
decrease in revenues was primarily attributable to a decrease in drilling
revenues of $82.1 million partially offset by the increased oil and gas sales
from both gas marketing activities and our share of production for a total of
$22.9 million and the swing from a $9.4 million loss in oil and gas price risk
management for the year ended December 31, 2005, to a gain of $9.1 million for
the year ended December 31, 2006. See Drilling
Operations below for an explanation of the effect the new cost-plus
drilling arrangements and related accounting had on drilling revenues for the
year 2006.
Costs
and Expenses
Costs and
expenses for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, are presented
below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
Costs
and expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas production and well operations cost
|
|
$ |
29,021 |
|
|
$ |
20,400 |
|
|
$ |
8,621 |
|
|
|
42.3 |
% |
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
130,150 |
|
|
|
119,644 |
|
|
|
10,506 |
|
|
|
8.8 |
% |
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
12,617 |
|
|
|
88,185 |
|
|
|
(75,568 |
) |
|
|
-85.7 |
% |
Exploration
expense
|
|
|
8,131 |
|
|
|
11,115 |
|
|
|
(2,984 |
) |
|
|
-26.9 |
% |
General
and administrative expense
|
|
|
19,047 |
|
|
|
6,960 |
|
|
|
12,087 |
|
|
|
173.7 |
% |
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
|
33,735 |
|
|
|
21,116 |
|
|
|
12,619 |
|
|
|
59.8 |
% |
Total
costs and expenses
|
|
$ |
232,701 |
|
|
$ |
267,420 |
|
|
$ |
(34,719 |
) |
|
|
-13.0 |
% |
The
decrease in costs was primarily attributable to decreases in the cost of oil and
gas well drilling operations of $75.6 million and exploration cost of $3 million
offset in part by increases in the cost of gas marketing activities of $10.5
million, oil and gas production and well operations costs of $8.6 million,
general and administrative expenses of $12.1 million and depreciation, depletion
and amortization of $12.6 million. See Drilling
Operations below for an explanation of the effect of the new cost plus
drilling arrangements and related accounting had on drilling expenses for the
year 2006.
Results
of Operations
Revenues
Oil
and Gas Sales
Revenues
for oil and gas sales for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, are
presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
|
$ |
102,559 |
|
|
$ |
12,630 |
|
|
|
12.3 |
% |
The
increase was due to a 24% increase in volumes sold at lower average sales prices
of natural gas and, in part, to higher average sales prices and higher volumes
sold of oil. The volume of natural gas sold for the year ended
December 31, 2006, was 13.2 Bcf at an average price of $5.91 per Mcf compared to
11.0 Bcf at an average sales price of $7.29 per Mcf for the year ended December
31, 2005. Oil sales for the year ended December 31, 2006, were
631,000 barrels at an average sales price of $59.33 per barrel compared to
439,000 barrels at an average sales price of $50.56 per barrel for the year
ended December 31, 2005. The increase in natural gas and oil volumes
was the result of our increased investment in oil and gas properties, primarily
the increase in net wells drilled for our own account, recompletions of existing
wells, and the investment in oil and gas properties we own in drilling program
partnerships.
Oil
and Gas Production
Our oil
and gas production by area of operations along with average sales price
(excluding derivative losses) is presented below:
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
Gas (Mcf)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
|
1,451,729 |
|
|
|
1,631,552 |
|
|
|
(179,823 |
) |
|
|
-11.0 |
% |
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
1,399,852 |
|
|
|
1,555,958 |
|
|
|
(156,106 |
) |
|
|
-10.0 |
% |
Rocky
Mountains
|
|
|
10,309,203 |
|
|
|
7,843,250 |
|
|
|
2,465,953 |
|
|
|
31.4 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
13,160,784 |
|
|
|
11,030,760 |
|
|
|
2,130,024 |
|
|
|
19.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
Sales Price
|
|
$ |
5.91 |
|
|
$ |
7.29 |
|
|
$ |
(1.38 |
) |
|
|
-18.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
(Bbls)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
|
1,837 |
|
|
|
3,973 |
|
|
|
(2,136 |
) |
|
|
-53.8 |
% |
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
4,439 |
|
|
|
4,732 |
|
|
|
(293 |
) |
|
|
-6.2 |
% |
Rocky
Mountains
|
|
|
625,119 |
|
|
|
430,266 |
|
|
|
194,853 |
|
|
|
45.3 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
631,395 |
|
|
|
438,971 |
|
|
|
192,424 |
|
|
|
43.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
Sales Price
|
|
$ |
59.33 |
|
|
$ |
50.56 |
|
|
$ |
8.77 |
|
|
|
17.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
Gas Equivalents (Mcfe)*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
|
1,462,751 |
|
|
|
1,655,390 |
|
|
|
(192,639 |
) |
|
|
-11.6 |
% |
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
1,426,486 |
|
|
|
1,584,350 |
|
|
|
(157,864 |
) |
|
|
-10.0 |
% |
Rocky
Mountains
|
|
|
14,059,917 |
|
|
|
10,424,846 |
|
|
|
3,635,071 |
|
|
|
34.9 |
% |
Total
|
|
|
16,949,154 |
|
|
|
13,664,586 |
|
|
|
3,284,568 |
|
|
|
24.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
Sales Price
|
|
$ |
6.80 |
|
|
$ |
7.51 |
|
|
$ |
(0.71 |
) |
|
|
-9.5 |
% |
_____________
*One
Bbl of oil is equal to the energy equivalent of six Mcf of natural
gas.
Sales
from Natural Gas Marketing Activities
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
|
|
$ |
131,325 |
|
|
$ |
121,104 |
|
|
$ |
10,221 |
|
|
|
8.4 |
% |
The
increase in revenue was the result of a 9% increase in volumes sold at prices
17.2% lower than 2005 levels and significant unrealized gains on derivative
transactions which amounted to approximately $12.3 million for the year ended
December 31, 2006, compared to unrealized losses of $8.5 million for the year
ended December 31, 2005.
Oil
and Gas Drilling Operations
Revenues
for oil and gas drilling operations for the years ended December 31, 2006 and
2005, are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
$ |
17,917 |
|
|
$ |
99,963 |
|
|
$ |
(82,046 |
) |
|
|
-82.1 |
% |
During
the first quarter of 2006, we began operating and recognizing revenues for our
cost-plus service arrangements with new partnerships, in addition to our
footage-based drilling arrangements on earlier partnerships. The
cost-plus drilling arrangements became effective with the private program
partnership we funded in December 2005 and continued in the 2006 partnership
funded on September 1, 2006. Drilling revenues for the year ended
December 31, 2006, were $17.9 million, net of $74.6 million of costs related to
drilling arrangements accounted for on the cost-plus basis, compared to $100
million for the year ended December 31, 2005, a decrease of $82.1
million. The decrease was primarily due to the change in our drilling
contracts, which resulted in net revenue recognition related to the new
contracts.
Although
we changed to cost-plus drilling arrangements with our two recent partnerships,
prior footage-based contracts continue to be in effect, and realized a loss of
$2.1 million during 2006. This loss contributed to the decrease in
the drilling and development segment gross margin from $11.8 million for the
year ended December 31, 2005, to $5.3 million for the year ended December 31,
2006. This loss was due to some drilling and completion difficulties
incurred and significantly increasing well drilling and completion costs,
particularly the costs of fracturing and rising steel costs for casing and other
well equipment and oil field services. Future partnerships will be
drilled on a “cost-plus basis,” which should reduce these fluctuations in
drilling gross margins. See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies, to our accompanying consolidated financial
statements.
Well
Operations and Pipeline Income
Revenues
for Well operations and pipeline income for the years ended December 31, 2006
and 2005, are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
$ |
10,704 |
|
|
$ |
8,760 |
|
|
$ |
1,944 |
|
|
|
22.2 |
% |
The
increase in revenue was due to an increase in the number of wells and pipeline
systems we operate for drilling partnerships, as well as for third
parties.
Oil
and Gas Price Risk Management Gain (Loss), Net
Oil and
gas price risk management, net for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005,
is presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas price risk management gain (loss), net
|
|
$ |
9,147 |
|
|
$ |
(9,368 |
) |
|
$ |
18,515 |
|
|
|
-197.6 |
% |
For the
year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded realized gains of $1.9 million and
unrealized gains of $7.2 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2005,
which is comprised of unrealized losses of $3 million and realized losses of
$6.4 million. Our strategy is to provide protection in the event of
declining oil and natural gas prices. During 2006, we experienced
decreasing natural gas and rising oil pricing environments. This
trend and the timing, extent and nature of the derivative trades executed caused
us to record gains in our derivative transactions as a result of gains on the
natural gas positions. Oil and gas price risk management gains
(losses), net is comprised of the change in fair value of oil and natural gas
derivatives related to oil and gas production (this line item does not include
commodity-based derivative transactions related to transactions from gas
marketing activities, which are included in the revenues and expenses of the
related purchase and sales transactions).
Other
Income
Other
income, consisting primarily of management fees associated with
Company-sponsored drilling programs, was relatively unchanged at $2.2 million
for each of the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
Costs
and Expenses
Oil
and Gas Production and Well Operations Costs
Oil and
gas production and well operations costs for the years ended December 31, 2006
and 2005, are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands, except per Mcfe)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas production and well operations cost
|
|
$ |
29,021 |
|
|
$ |
20,400 |
|
|
$ |
8,621 |
|
|
|
42.3 |
% |
Per
Mcfe
|
|
$ |
1.71 |
|
|
$ |
1.49 |
|
|
$ |
0.22 |
|
|
|
14.7 |
% |
The
increase in cost was due to the increased production costs associated with the
24% increase in production volumes, along with the increased number of wells and
pipelines we operate. Lifting costs per Mcfe increased from $1.19 per
Mcfe for the year ended December 31, 2005, to $1.23 per Mcfe for the year ended
December 31, 2006, due to the significant inflation of oil field production
services along with additional well workovers and production enhancements work
performed.
Cost
of Natural Gas Marketing Cost
Cost of
natural gas marketing activities for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005,
are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
|
|
$ |
130,150 |
|
|
$ |
119,644 |
|
|
$ |
10,506 |
|
|
|
8.8 |
% |
The
increase in cost was due to higher average volumes of natural gas purchased for
resale and a significant increase in unrealized losses on derivative
transactions, which amounted to approximately $11.9 million for the year ended
December 31, 2006, compared to an unrealized gain of $8.3 million for the year
ended December 31, 2005. Income before income taxes for our natural
gas marketing subsidiary increased from $1.7 million for the year ended December
31, 2005, to $1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. Based
on the nature of our gas marketing activities, derivatives did not have a
significant effect on our net margins from marketing activities during either
period.
Cost
of Oil and Gas Well Drilling Operations
Cost of
oil and gas well drilling operations for
the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations
|
|
$ |
12,617 |
|
|
$ |
88,185 |
|
|
$ |
(75,568 |
) |
|
|
-85.7 |
% |
The
decrease in costs is primarily attributable to our revenue reporting for our new
cost-plus drilling arrangements, which reduced drilling costs by $74.6 million
for the year as discussed above.
The new
cost-plus drilling arrangement eliminates our risk of loss from the contract
drilling services we provide the partnerships. Our drilling revenues
and corresponding costs are presented net as a one-lined income statement item
representing only the gross profit portion of the drilling
arrangement. The new cost-plus contract affected 2006 by reducing
drilling revenues and drilling costs by $74.6 million as outlined in the table
below (in millions):
|
|
Year
ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
Drilling
Service Revenue/Cost
|
|
|
Direct
Reimbursed Cost
|
|
|
Revenue/Cost
including
reimbursement
from Partnerships
|
|
|
Drilling
Service Revenue/Cost
|
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
$ |
17.9 |
|
|
$ |
74.6 |
|
|
$ |
92.5 |
|
|
$ |
100.0 |
|
Total
revenues
|
|
|
286.5 |
|
|
|
74.6 |
|
|
|
361.1 |
|
|
|
325.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
12.6 |
|
|
|
74.6 |
|
|
|
87.2 |
|
|
|
88.2 |
|
Total
costs and expenses
|
|
|
232.7 |
|
|
|
74.6 |
|
|
|
307.3 |
|
|
|
267.4 |
|
Exploration
Expense
Exploration
expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, is presented
below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exploration
expense
|
|
$ |
8,131 |
|
|
$ |
11,115 |
|
|
$ |
(2,984 |
) |
|
|
-26.8 |
% |
The
decrease in expense is primarily attributable to fewer exploratory dry holes
being drilled in 2006. In 2006, exploratory dry hole expenses were
$1.8 million compared to $11.1 million in 2005. In 2006, we recorded
an impairment charge of $1.5 million on our Nesson Field in North Dakota and
incurred geological and geophysical costs of $2.2 million which relate to an
exploratory seismic program initiated on our Northeast Colorado
properties. We anticipate additional geological and geophysical
activities and related costs in 2007.
General
and Administrative Expense
General
and administrative expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, is
presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands, except per Mcfe)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General
and administrative expense
|
|
$ |
19,047 |
|
|
$ |
6,960 |
|
|
$ |
12,087 |
|
|
|
173.7 |
% |
Per
Mcfe
|
|
$ |
1.12 |
|
|
$ |
0.51 |
|
|
$ |
0.61 |
|
|
|
119.6 |
% |
A
substantial portion of the increase was attributable to the costs of our
financial statement restatement and the restatement of our sponsored
partnerships’ financial statements. In addition, we continue to
experience a high level of costs complying with the various provisions of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act, in particular Section 404 (internal and external costs of
assessing Internal Controls over Financial Reporting). Approximately
$3.2 million of the increase is attributable to the external costs incurred in
connection with restatement of financial statements and compliance with the
provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Finally, we added over 39 new
employees in 2006 and experienced increased payroll and payroll-related costs of
$4.3 million.
Depreciation,
Depletion, and Amortization
DD&A expense for the years ended
December 31, 2006 and 2005, is presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands, except per Mcfe)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
$ |
33,735 |
|
|
$ |
21,116 |
|
|
$ |
12,619 |
|
|
|
59.8 |
% |
Per
Mcfe
|
|
$ |
1.99 |
|
|
$ |
1.55 |
|
|
$ |
0.44 |
|
|
|
28.4 |
% |
The
increase in cost was due to the 24% increase in production volumes, significant
investments in oil and gas properties by us in 2006, and increased per unit cost
of depreciation, depletion and amortization as a result of rising costs of
drilling, completing and equipping wells.
Gain
on Sale of Leaseholds
Gain on
sale of leaseholds for the year ended December 31, 2006, was $328 million
compared to $7.7 million in 2005, an increase of $320.3 million. The
increase is attributable to the sale of undeveloped leaseholds in Garfield
County, Colorado in the third quarter of 2006, for which a portion of the gain
to be recognized was deferred to future periods. See Note 16, Sale of Oil and Gas
Properties, to our accompanying consolidated financial
statements. The prior year period included a gain of $6.2 million for
the sale of a portion of one of our undeveloped leases in Garfield County,
Colorado and a gain of $1.5 million for the sale to an unaffiliated party of
some Pennsylvania wells.
Non-Operating
Income/Expense
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
|
(dollars
in thousands)
|
|
Non-operating
income (expense):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income
|
|
$ |
8,050 |
|
|
$ |
898 |
|
|
$ |
7,152 |
|
|
|
796.4 |
% |
Interest
expense
|
|
$ |
(2,443 |
) |
|
$ |
(217 |
) |
|
$ |
(2,226 |
) |
|
|
1025.8 |
% |
The
increase in interest income was primarily due to the interest on the temporary
investment, in cash equivalents, of cash proceeds of $353.6 million from the
sale of undeveloped leaseholds. The increase in interest expense was
due to rising interest rates on significantly higher average outstanding
balances of the credit facility, offset in part by $1.6 million of capitalized
construction period interest. We utilize our daily cash balances to
reduce our line of credit to lower our cost of borrowing. The average
outstanding debt balance for the year ended December 31, 2006, was $44.2 million
compared to $4.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Provision
for Income Taxes
The
effective income tax rate for our provision for income taxes increased from
37.3% for the year ended December 31, 2005, to 38.6% for the year ended December
31, 2006, primarily as a result of the gain on sale of leasehold being taxed at
the full federal and state statutory rates because there are no offsetting
permanent deductions, such as percentage depletion, available on such a
sale. In addition, the domestic production activities deduction was
not utilized in 2006 due to our decision, for tax purposes only, to expense the
majority of our intangible drilling costs.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Cash flow
from operations and our bank credit facility are our primary sources of
liquidity to meet operating expenses and fund capital expenditures (other than
for certain acquisitions). Recently, as of February 8, 2008, we
completed the issuance and sale of $203 million of 12% senior notes due 2018 for
net proceeds received of approximately $196 million. The completion
of the issuance and sale of our senior notes enabled us to reduce our short term
liquidity risk through the terming out of our existing credit facility of
November 2010 and extending it until February 2018. The repayment of
the amounts outstanding under the credit facility with a portion of the net
proceeds from the senior notes provided $234.1 million of available borrowing
capacity. As of February 29, 2008, we have access to all of the
$234.1 million facility as it was un-drawn. Additionally, we believe
that our continued drilling activities will allow us, through our permitted
borrowing base re-determinations, to increase the borrowing capacity of the
credit facility. See Long Term Debt discussed
below.
Our 2008
capital expenditure budget is $255 million: $194 million for drilling and
development; $50 million for exploratory drilling, land acquisitions and seismic
activities; and $11 million for other capital expenditures. We
believe this level of exploration and development activity will be sufficient to
increase our proved oil and natural gas reserves in 2008 and increase our total
production by between 30% and 40% (without regard to any additional acquisitions
that may be completed in 2008). We retain a significant degree of
control over the timing of our capital expenditures, which permits us to defer
or accelerate certain capital expenditures if necessary to address any potential
liquidity issues. In addition, higher drilling and field operating
costs, drilling results that alter planned development schedules, acquisitions
or other factors could cause us to revise our drilling program, which programs
are largely discretionary. We believe that our available cash, cash
provided by operating activities and funds available under our revolving credit
facility will be sufficient to fund our operations, debt service, partnership
drilling obligation, general and administrative expenses, capital budget, and
short-term contractual obligations for the next few years.
Changes
in market prices for oil and natural gas directly affect the level of our cash
flow from operations. While a decline in oil and natural gas prices
would affect the amount of cash flow that would be generated from operations, we
had oil and natural gas hedges in place, as of March 3, 2008, covering 41% of
our expected oil production and 62% of our expected natural gas production in
2008, thereby providing price certainty for a substantial portion of our 2008
cash flow. Depending on changes in oil and natural gas futures
markets and our view of underlying oil and natural gas supply and demand trends,
we may increase or decrease our current hedging positions. Our oil
and natural gas hedges as of December 31, 2007, are detailed in Item 7A of this
report.
We have
utilized public and private markets, proceeds from bank borrowings and cash flow
from operations for our capital resources and liquidity. To date, our
primary use of capital has been for the acquisition and development of oil and
gas properties. As we pursue growth, we will continually monitor the
capital resources available to meet our future financial obligations and planned
capital expenditures. Our future success in replacing and growing
reserve levels will be highly dependent on the capital resources available and
our success in drilling for or acquiring additional reserves. We
actively review acquisition opportunities on an ongoing basis. If we
were to make significant additional acquisitions for cash, we would need to
borrow additional amounts under our current credit facility, if available, or
obtain additional debt or equity financing.
On
January 7, 2008, we announced that we do not plan to sponsor new drilling
partnerships in 2008 in order to focus our efforts on continuing our growth
through drilling and exploration. In 2008, we expect
to recognize $7.8 million in oil and gas well drilling revenue related to
the 2007 drilling partnership.
Operating
Cash Flows
Net cash
provided by operating activities was $60.3 million in 2007 compared to $67.4
million in 2006, a decrease of $7.1 million. The decrease in cash
provided by operating activities was due primarily to the
following:
|
·
|
Increased
costs from production and well operations related to the 65% increase in
production, as well as the increases in exploration and general and
administrative expenses, partially offset by the increase in oil and gas
sales revenues;
|
|
·
|
Federal
and state taxes payable decreased primarily due to the 2007 payment of
taxes of the non deferred portion of the gain on the sale of the Grand
Valley Field Acreage;
|
|
·
|
The
decrease in accounts payable is primarily due to the timing of payments
related to the purchase of properties and
equipment;
|
|
·
|
Current
restricted cash increased due to the funding in 2007 of an escrow account
for amounts due limited partners as a result of over withholding of
estimated production taxes;
|
|
·
|
Accounts
payable to affiliates decreased for the partnership’s share of unpaid
premiums and unrealized losses related to hedge positions at December 31,
2007;
|
|
·
|
Production
tax liability increased due to the 65% increase in oil and gas production
volumes in 2007; and
|
|
·
|
Advances
for future drilling contracts increased due to the timing of drilling and
development activities on behalf of our 2007 sponsored drilling
partnership.
|
Net cash
provided by operating activities was $67.4 million in 2006 compared to $112.4
million in 2005, a decrease of $45 million.
The
decrease in cash provided by operating activities was due primarily to the
following:
|
·
|
Increased
costs from production and well operations related to the 24% increase in
production volumes and increased number of
wells;
|
|
·
|
Increase
in general and administrative costs due to the Company’s financial
statement restatement and incremental costs to comply with various
provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley partially offset by;
and
|
|
·
|
The
increase in oil and gas sales revenues due to the 24% increase in
production volumes at lower unit sales
prices.
|
Investing
Cash Flows
Net cash
used in investing activities was $267.4 million in 2007 compared to $9.6 million
in 2006, an increase of $257.8 million.
The
increase in cash used in investing activities was due primarily to the
following:
|
·
|
An
approximate $93 million increase in capital expenditures is primarily due
to an increase in the number of wells drilled to 349 in 2007 from 231 in
2006 or approximately $72
million; and
|
|
·
|
Acquisitions
of oil and natural gas properties of approximately $256
million;
|
Partially
offset by:
|
·
|
The
2006 acquisition of Unioil of approximately $18 million;
and
|
|
·
|
The
net effect of the transfer of the funds from the Like kind exchange, or
LKE, from restricted cash and the proceeds from the 2006 sale of the Grand
Valley Field acreage.
|
Net cash
used in investing activities was $9.6 million in 2006 compared to $94 million in
2005, a decrease of $84.4 million. The decrease in cash used in
investing activities was due primarily to the following:
|
·
|
An
approximate $49 million increase in the capital expenditures;
and
|
|
·
|
Approximately
$192 million increase in restricted/designated cash due to
acquisitions;
|
Partially
offset by:
|
·
|
An
approximate $344 million increase in proceeds from sale of
leasehold/assets due to the sale of the Grand Valley Field acreage in July
2006.
|
Financing
Cash Flows
Net cash
provided by financing activities was $97.5 million in 2007 compared to $46.5
million in 2006, an increase of $51 million. The increase in cash
provided by financing activities was due primarily to the
following:
|
·
|
A
decrease of treasury stock purchases of approximately $66 million offset
by the net change in short and long term debt from borrowing
activities.
|
Net cash
provided by financing activities was $46.5 million in 2006 compared to net cash
used in financing activities of $5.3 million in 2005, an increase of $51.8
million. The increase in cash provided by financing activities was
due primarily to the following:
|
·
|
An
approximate $110 million increase in proceeds from the issuance of
long-term and short-term debt, net of retirement of debt, in
2006;
|
Partially
offset by:
|
·
|
An
approximate $59 million of additional treasury stock
purchases.
|
Working
Capital
Our
working capital usage for 2007 was $50.2 million. At December 31,
2007, we had available borrowing capacity under our bank credit facility of $60
million. Historically, we have satisfied our working capital needs
through free cash flow and borrowings under our credit facility. We
may need to raise additional capital in the bank, private and public markets to
fund future acquisitions and increases in capital expenditure
levels. We expect to continue to maintain adequate liquidity to meet
our obligations on an ongoing basis. If we are unable to raise
incremental capital, future capital expenditures and acquisitions may be
affected. We used most of the net proceeds of approximately $196
million from our February 8, 2008, $203 million senior notes offering to repay
the $180 million then drawn under our bank credit facility. Upon the
issuance of our senior notes on February 8, 2008, our activated commitment of
$295 million was mandatorily reduced to $234.1 million. As of
February 29, 2008, our outstanding credit facility was
un-drawn. Based on near-term cash flow projections, the discretionary
nature of our capital program, our bank credit facility capacity and the
demonstrated ability to raise capital in bank, private and public markets, we
believe that we have sufficient liquidity to fund our operations in
2008.
Long-Term
Debt
We
have a credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., or JPMorgan, and BNP
Paribas, as amended, dated as of November 4, 2005, with an activated commitment
of $295 million as of December 31, 2007. The credit facility, through
a series of amendments, includes commitments from Wachovia Bank, N.A., Bank of
Oklahoma, Allied Irish Banks p.l.c., Guaranty Bank, BSB, Royal Bank of Canada
and The Royal Bank of Scotland, plc. The maximum allowable commitment
under the current credit facility is $400 million. The credit
facility is subject to and secured by required levels of natural gas and oil and
reserves. The credit facility requires an aggregated security of a
value no less than 80% of the value of the direct interests included in the
borrowing base properties. We are required to pay a commitment fee of
0.25% to 0.375% per annum on the unused portion of the activated credit
facility. Interest accrues at an alternative base rate or adjusted
LIBOR at our discretion. The
alternative base rate is the greater of JPMorgan's prime rate, an adjusted
secondary market rate for a three-month certificate of deposit plus 1% or the
federal funds effective rate plus 0.5%. Alternative base rate
borrowings are assessed an additional margin spread up to 0.375% and adjusted
LIBOR borrowings are assessed an additional margin spread of 1.125% to 1.875%,
based upon the outstanding balance under the credit facility. The
credit agreement requires, among other things, the maintenance of certain
working capital and tangible net worth ratios. No principal payments
are required until the credit agreement expires on November 4,
2010.
Effective
August 9, 2007, the first amendment to our credit facility waived our working
capital covenant until the earlier of (i) a debt or equity transaction resulting
in net proceeds, as defined, to us of at least $200 million or (ii) July 1,
2008, which was further extended to October 1, 2008, effective October 16,
2007. In accordance with the first amendment, the alternative base
rate was increased by 0.375% as long as the waiver of the working capital
covenant was in effect.
On
February 8, 2008, we completed the issuance and sale of $203 million aggregate
principal amount of 12% senior notes due 2018 for net proceeds received of
approximately $196 million; see Note 5, Long Term Debt, to our
accompanying consolidated financial statements. In accordance with
the senior credit agreement, upon the issuance of any senior notes, the
borrowing base then in effect on our credit facility shall automatically be
reduced by $300 for each $1,000 in stated principal amount of such senior notes
issued by us. Accordingly, effective February 8, 2008, our borrowing
base under the credit facility was reduced from $295 million to $234.1
million. Further, our senior notes issuance meets the requirements of
a debt transaction described above, and thus, the testing of our working capital
covenant will resume with our quarter ending March 31, 2008.
As of
December 31, 2007, the outstanding balance under our credit facility was $235
million compared to $117 million, excluding the overline note discussed below,
as of December 31, 2006. The borrowing rate on the outstanding
balance was 7.07% and 7.79% at December 31, 2007, and December 31, 2006,
respectively. Amounts outstanding under the credit facility were
secured by substantially all of our properties. We were in compliance
with all covenants at December 31, 2007, and expect to remain in compliance
throughout 2008.
On
December 19, 2006, we executed, pursuant to our credit facility, an overline
note in the amount of $20 million to be repaid on January 31,
2007. Interest on the overline note accrued at a per annum rate equal
to the alternate base rate plus 0.8% until December 22, 2006, at which time the
rate converted to a Eurodollar borrowing for a one month period and at a per
annum rate equal to an adjusted LIBOR rate plus 2.30%. The overline
note was paid in full in accordance with its terms in January 2007.
Drilling
Programs
In August
2007, we completed our sponsored drilling partnership offering, Rockies Region
2007 Limited Partnership, and received subscriptions of approximately $90
million. We contributed $38.7 million, which represented 43% of the
$90 million of total subscriptions received, for our general partner capital
contribution. Drilling for the partnership commenced during the third
quarter and continued in the fourth quarter of 2007. From inception
to December 31, 2007, $5.3 million in revenues has been
recognized. On December 28, 2007, the drilling partnership paid to us
$54 million, in accordance with the partnership agreement, to secure intangible
drilling cost tax deductions for the investing partners. This payment is
included in advances for future drilling contracts on our consolidated balance
sheet. In early January 2008, we used this advance to pay down our
credit facility. Drilling and completion operations for the 2007
drilling program will continue through the first half of 2008. We
expect to recognize additional revenue of approximately $7.8 million in our oil
and gas well drilling operations related to this partnership during
2008. In January 2008, we announced that we do not plan to sponsor
new drilling partnerships in 2008 in order to focus our effort on maximizing the
value of the existing partnerships and our continuing growth through drilling
and exploration.
Treasury
Share Purchases
On
October 16, 2006, our Board of Directors approved a second 2006 share purchase
program authorizing us to purchase up to 10% of our then outstanding common
stock (1,477,109 shares) through April 2008. Stock purchases under
this program may be made in the open market or in private transactions, at times
and in amounts that we deem appropriate. Shares are generally
purchased at fair market value based on the closing price on the date of
purchase. Total shares purchased in 2007 pursuant to the program were
12,020 common shares at a cost of $0.6 million ($53.78 average price paid per
share), including 5,187 shares from our executive officers at a cost of $0.3
million ($57.93 price paid per share). Shares purchased pursuant to
the plan were primarily to satisfy the statutory minimum tax withholding
requirement for restricted stock that vested in 2007. All shares were
subsequently retired. At December 31, 2007, the remaining number of
shares that may be purchased under this program is 1,465,089, see Item 5, Market for Registrant's Common
Equity and Related Stockholders Matters - Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities, of this report for a reconciliation of
activities.
Pursuant to our senior notes indenture entered on February 8,
2008, any future purchases are limited, see Note 19, Subsequent Events, to our accompanying
consolidated financial statements.
On
February 25, 2008, pursuant to a separation agreement, we purchased 50,000
shares of our common stock from one of our executive officers at a cost of $3.4
million, or $67.92 per share. See Note 19, Subsequent Events, to our
accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Contractual
Obligations and Contingent Commitments
The table
below sets forth our contractual obligations and contingent commitments as of
December 31, 2007:
|
|
Payments
due by period
|
|
Contractual
Obligations and Contingent Commitments
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
1-3
years
|
|
|
3-5
years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Debt (1)
|
|
$ |
235,000 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
235,000 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
Interest
(2)
|
|
|
47,255 |
|
|
|
16,613 |
|
|
|
30,642 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Operating
leases
|
|
|
4,460 |
|
|
|
1,948 |
|
|
|
1,827 |
|
|
|
685 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Asset
retirement obligations
|
|
|
20,781 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
20,531 |
|
Rig
commitments (3)
|
|
|
24,669 |
|
|
|
8,810 |
|
|
|
15,859 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Drilling
commitments (4)
|
|
|
3,655 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,155 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
2,500 |
|
Other
liabilities (5)
|
|
|
8,876 |
|
|
|
1,133 |
|
|
|
720 |
|
|
|
720 |
|
|
|
6,303 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
344,696 |
|
|
$ |
28,554 |
|
|
$ |
285,303 |
|
|
$ |
1,505 |
|
|
$ |
29,334 |
|
__________
|
(1)
|
Long-term
debt does not include interest.
|
|
(2)
|
Interest
based on balance at December 31, 2007, at an applied rate of
7.07%.
|
|
(3)
|
Drilling rig commitments in
the above table do not include future adjustments to daily rates as
provided for in the agreements as such increases are not predictable and
are only included in the above obligation table upon notification to us by
the contractor of an increase in the
rate.
|
|
(4)
|
Amounts
represent our maximum obligation for potential liquidating damages if we
do not comply with certain drilling and development
agreements. See Note 8, Commitments and Contingencies, to our
accompanying consolidated financial statements. These amounts
do not include advances for future drilling contracts totaling $68.4
million at December 31, 2007.
|
|
(5)
|
Includes
funds held from revenue distribution to third party investors for plugging
liabilities related to wells we operate and deferred officer compensation.
Further, includes unrecognized tax benefits totaling $0.9 million pursuant
to FIN No. 48.
|
|
(6)
|
Table
does not include maximum annual repurchase obligation of $6.7 million as
of December 31, 2007, see Note 8, Commitments and Contingencies, to our
accompanying consolidated financial
statements.
|
Commitments
and Contingencies
As
managing general partner of 33 partnerships (see Item 1. Business –
Drilling and Development
Conducted for Company Sponsored Partnerships, we have liability for any
potential casualty losses in excess of the partnership assets and
insurance. In January 2007, we purchased the remaining working
interests in 44 of 77 partnerships, which we sponsored in the late 1980s and
1990s (see Note
2, Acquisitions,
to our accompanying consolidated financial statements). We believe
that the casualty insurance coverage we and our subcontractors carry is adequate
to meet this potential liability.
For
information regarding our legal proceedings, see Note 8, Commitments and Contingencies –
Litigation, to our accompanying consolidated financial statements
included in this report.
From time
to time we are a party to various other legal proceedings in the ordinary course
of business. We are not currently a party to any litigation that we
believe would have a materially adverse affect on our business, financial
condition, results of operations, or liquidity.
Sale
of Undeveloped Leaseholds
In July
2006, we sold to an unaffiliated company a portion of our undeveloped leasehold
located in Grand Valley Field, Garfield County, Colorado. The sale
encompassed 100% of the working interest in approximately 8,700 acres, including
approximately 6,400 acres of the Chevron leasehold and 2,300 acres of the
Puckett Land Company leasehold. We retained approximately 475
undeveloped locations on 10 acre spacing on the Grand Valley Field leasehold in
addition to all of our producing properties in the field. The
proceeds from the sale were $353.6 million. We recorded a gain on
sale of leaseholds of $328 million and a deferred gain on sale of leaseholds of
$25.6 million.
Pursuant
to the purchase and sale agreement, we were obligated to either drill 16 wells
on specifically identified acreage over the next three years or pay liquidated
damages of $1.6 million per undrilled well for a total contingent obligation of
$25.6 million, which was reflected as a deferred gain on sale of leaseholds on
the balance sheet as of December 31, 2006. In May 2007, we entered
into a letter agreement amending the original purchase and sale
agreement. The letter agreement relieved us of the obligation, in its
entirety, to either drill 16 wells or pay liquidated damages, resulting in the
recognition of the remaining $25.6 million deferred gain on sale of leaseholds
in the second quarter of 2007. Pursuant to the letter agreement, we
were obligated to drill six wells on specifically identified
acreage. As of December 31, 2007, we had drilled all six wells, which
were drilled on the unaffiliated party's leasehold for its benefit and at its
cost.
In
conjunction with the purchase and sale agreement described above, we entered
into a LKE agreement, in accordance with Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue
Code, with a “qualified intermediary.” Proceeds in the amount of $300
million were transferred directly to the qualified intermediary to be held in
trust pursuant to the terms of the LKE agreement. We had until
mid-January 2007 to close any acquisition of suitable like-kind property,
allowing us to take advantage of the income tax deferral benefits of a LKE
transaction. See below a discussion of the acquisition of suitable
like-kind properties.
In
December 2007, we sold to the same unaffiliated party a portion of our North
Dakota properties for approximately $34.7 million. The properties,
located in Dunn, Williams and McKenzie Counties, North Dakota, include interests
in five producing Bakken wells and leasehold interests in approximately 72,000
net undeveloped acres. The reduction in our production and proved
reserves as a result of this transaction is not material. We recorded
a gain on sale of leaseholds of $7.7 million in the fourth quarter of
2007. The proceeds from the sale were used to pay down
debt. Following the sale, as it relates to our North Dakota
properties, we retain ownership in three producing wells in Dunn County, ten
producing wells in Burke County and approximately 60,000 acres of undeveloped
leasehold in Burke County.
Acquisition
of Oil and Gas Properties
Acquisition
of Section 1031 – LKE Properties
In
January 2007, we completed our acquisitions of suitable like-kind properties in
accordance with the LKE agreement we entered into in connection with our sale of
undeveloped leaseholds located in Grand Valley Field, Garfield Country,
Colorado, in July 2006. We paid cash consideration for the acquired
oil and gas properties totaling $188.9 million, as described below.
EXCO
Resources Inc. On
January 5, 2007, we completed our purchase of EXCO Resources Inc.’s producing
properties and remaining undeveloped drilling locations and acreage in the
Wattenberg Field of the DJ Basin, Colorado. The cash consideration
paid for the EXCO properties was $130.2 million. The acquisition
included substantially all of EXCO’s assets in the area and encompassed 144 oil
and gas wells (approximating 25.5 Bcfe, net of royalty interests, proved
developed reserves as of December 31, 2005) and 8,160 acres of leasehold
interests. The wells and leases acquired are located in Weld, Adams,
Larimer, and Broomfield Counties, Colorado. We operate the assets and
hold a majority working interest in the properties.
Company-Sponsored
Partnerships. On
January 10, 2007, we completed the purchase of a majority interest in 44 of our
sponsored partnerships for $56.6 million. This transaction was not
effected pursuant to purchase requests by investor partners (see Note 8, Commitments and
Contingencies, to our accompanying consolidated financial
statements). The wells are located in the Appalachian Basin,
Michigan, and Colorado. The transaction resulted in an increase of
423 net wells that we currently operate.
Other. We
acquired from unaffiliated parties undeveloped leaseholds in Erath County, Texas
for $2.1 million.
Other
Acquisitions
On
February 22, 2007, we acquired from an unaffiliated party 28 producing wells and
associated undeveloped acreage located in Colorado (Wattenberg Field) for a
purchase price of $12 million. The acquisition encompassed daily
production of approximately 668 Mcfe (520 Mcf of gas and 25 barrels of oil per
day), net to the interests acquired, 100 or more undeveloped drilling locations,
19.1 Bcfe of proved reserves, and an additional 7.5 Bcfe of probable
reserves.
On
October 30, 2007, with an effective date of October 1, 2007, we purchased from
unrelated parties a majority working interest in 762 natural gas wells located
in southwestern Pennsylvania for approximately $54 million. We
estimated that the acquisition included approximately 47 Bcfe of reserves, or 31
Bcfe of proved reserves and 16 Bcfe of unproved reserves. The
purchase also included associated pipelines, equipment, real estate and
undeveloped acreage.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
We
have identified the following policies as critical to business operations and
the understanding of our results of operations. This is not a
comprehensive list of all of the accounting policies. In many cases,
the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, with no need for
our judgment in the application. There are also areas in which our
judgment in selecting any available alternative would not produce a materially
different result. However, certain of our accounting policies are
particularly important to the portrayal of our financial position and results of
operations and we may use significant judgment in the application; as a result,
they are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. In applying
those policies, we use our judgment to determine the appropriate assumptions to
be used in the determination of certain estimates. Those estimates
are based on historical experience, observation of trends in the industry, and
information available from other outside sources, as appropriate. For
a more detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting
policies, see Note
1, Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies, to our accompanying consolidated
financial statements. Our critical accounting policies and estimates
are as follows:
Revenue
Recognition
Oil and natural gas
sales. Sales of oil are recognized when persuasive evidence of
a sales arrangement exists, the oil is verified as produced and is delivered to
a purchaser, collection of revenue from the sale is reasonably assured and the
sales price is determinable. We are currently able to sell all the
oil that we can produce under existing sales contracts with petroleum refiners
and marketers. We do not refine any of our oil
production. Our crude oil production is sold to purchasers at or near
our wells under short-term purchase contracts at prices and in accordance with
arrangements that are customary in the oil industry.
Sales of
natural gas are recognized when natural gas has been delivered to a custody
transfer point, persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement exists, the rights
and responsibility of ownership pass to the purchaser upon delivery, collection
of revenue from the sale is reasonably assured and the sales price is fixed or
determinable. Natural gas is sold by us under contracts with terms
ranging from one month to three years. Virtually all of our contract
pricing provisions are tied to a market index, with certain adjustments based
on, among other factors, whether a well delivers to a gathering or transmission
line, quality of natural gas and prevailing supply and demand conditions, so
that the price of the natural gas fluctuates to remain competitive with other
available natural gas supplies. As a result, our revenues from the
sale of natural gas will suffer if market prices decline and benefit if they
increase. We believe that the pricing provisions of our natural gas
contracts are customary in the industry.
We
currently use the “net-back” method of accounting for transportation
arrangements of natural gas sales. We sell gas at the wellhead and
collect a price and recognize revenues based on the wellhead sales price since
transportation costs downstream of the wellhead are incurred by our customers
and reflected in the wellhead price.
Natural gas marketing
activities. Natural gas marketing is reported on the gross
accounting method, based on the nature of the agreements between RNG, our
suppliers and our customers. RNG, our marketing subsidiary, purchases
gas from many small producers and bundles the gas together to sell in larger
amounts to purchasers of natural gas for a price advantage. RNG has
latitude in establishing price and discretion in supplier and purchaser
selection. Natural gas marketing revenues and expenses reflect the
full cost and revenue of those transactions because RNG takes title to the gas
it purchases from the various producers and bears the risks and rewards of that
ownership. Both the realized and unrealized gains and losses of the
RNG commodity based derivative transactions for natural gas marketing activities
are included in gas sales from marketing activities or cost of gas marketing
activities, as applicable.
Oil and gas well drilling
operations. Our drilling segment recognizes revenue from
drilling contracts with sponsored drilling programs using the percentage of
completion method based upon the percentage of contract costs incurred to date
to the estimated total contract costs for each contract. We utilize
this method since reasonably dependable estimates of the total estimated costs
can be made and recognized revenues are subject to revisions as a contract
progresses, the term of which can range from three to twelve
months. In addition, we offer our drilling services under two types
of contractual arrangements, cost-plus or footage-based service contracts, which
result in differing risk and reward relationships and, consequently, different
revenue reporting policies pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF,
Issue No. 99-19, Reporting
Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent.
The first
cost-plus drilling service arrangement was entered into in late 2005 with
drilling activity commencing in the first quarter of 2006. Due to the
fixed-fee-percentage nature of our revenues from these services, we have
determined that, in substance, we are acting as an agent, without risk of loss
during the performance of the drilling activities. Accordingly, our
services provided under the cost-plus drilling agreements are reported on a net
basis. We entered into our second and third cost-plus drilling
arrangements in September 2006 and August 2007 and commenced drilling
immediately.
Footage-based
contracts provide for the drilling, completion and equipping of wells at footage
rates and are generally completed within nine to twelve months after the
commencement of drilling. We provide geological, engineering, and
drilling supervision on the drilling and completion process and use
subcontractors to perform drilling and completion services at a fixed
footage-based rate and accordingly have the risk of loss in performing services
under these arrangements. Accordingly, we report revenue under these
agreements gross of related expenses. Anticipated losses, if any, on
uncompleted contracts are recorded at the time that the estimated total costs
exceed the estimated total contract revenue. At December 31, 2007 and
2006, the loss contract reserve was $0.2 million and $0.3 million,
respectively.
Well operations and pipeline
income. Well operations and pipeline income are recognized
when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services have been rendered,
collection of revenues is reasonably assured and the sales price is fixed or
determinable. We are paid a monthly operating fee for each well we
operate for outside owners including the limited partnerships we
sponsor. The fee covers monthly operating and accounting costs,
insurance and other recurring costs. We may also receive additional
compensation for special non-recurring activities, such as reworks and
recompletions.
Accounting
for Derivatives Contracts at Fair Value
We use
derivative instruments to manage our commodity and financial market
risks. We currently do not use hedge accounting treatment for our
derivatives.
Derivatives
are reported on our accompanying consolidated balance sheets at fair value on a
gross asset and liability basis. Changes in fair value of derivatives
are recorded in oil and gas price risk management, net, in our accompanying
consolidated statements of income. The measurement of fair value is
based on actively quoted market prices, if available. Otherwise,
validation of a contract's fair value is performed internally and, while we use
common industry practices to develop our valuation techniques, changes in our
pricing methodologies or the underlying assumptions could result in
significantly different fair values. If pricing information from
external sources is not available, measurement involves our judgment and
estimates. These estimates are based on valuation methodologies we
consider appropriate. For individual contracts, the use of different
assumptions could have a material effect on the contract's estimated fair
value.
Oil
and Gas Properties
We
account for our oil and gas properties under the successful efforts method of
accounting. Costs of proved developed producing properties,
successful exploratory wells and development dry hole costs are capitalized and
depreciated or depleted by the unit-of-production method based on estimated
proved developed producing oil and natural gas reserves. Property
acquisition costs are depreciated or depleted on the unit-of-production method
based on estimated proved oil and gas reserves.
Our
estimates of proved reserves are based on quantities of oil and natural gas that
engineering and geological analysis demonstrates, with reasonable certainty, to
be recoverable from established reservoirs in the future under current operating
and economic conditions. Annually, we engage independent petroleum
engineers to prepare a reserve and economic evaluation of all our properties on
a well-by-well basis as of December 31. Additionally, we adjust our
oil and gas reserves for major acquisitions, new drilling and divestitures
during the year as needed. The process of estimating and evaluating
oil and natural gas reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions in the
evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic
data. The data for a given property may also change substantially
over time as a result of numerous factors, including additional development
activity, evolving production history and a continual reassessment of the
viability of production under changing economic conditions. As a
result, revisions in existing reserve estimates occur from time to
time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure that reserve
estimates reported represent our most accurate assessments possible, the
subjective decisions and variances in available data for various properties
increase the likelihood of significant changes in these
estimates. Because estimates of reserves significantly affect our
DD&A expense, a change in our estimated reserves could have an effect on our
net income.
Exploration
costs, including geological and geophysical expenses and delay rentals, are
charged to expense as incurred. Exploratory well drilling costs,
including the cost of stratigraphic test wells, are initially capitalized but
charged to expense if the well is determined to be nonproductive. The
status of each in-progress well is reviewed quarterly to determine the proper
accounting treatment under the successful efforts method of
accounting. Exploratory well costs continue to be capitalized as long
as the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify our
completion as a producing well and we are making sufficient progress assessing
our reserves and economic and operating viability. If an in-progress
exploratory well is found to be unsuccessful (referred to as a dry hole) prior
to the issuance of the financial statements, the costs are expensed to
exploration costs. If we are unable to make a final determination
about the productive status of a well prior to issuance of the financial
statements, the well is classified as “suspended well costs” until we have had
sufficient time to conduct additional completion or testing operations to
evaluate the pertinent geological and engineering data obtained. At
the time when we are able to make a final determination of a well’s productive
status, the well is removed from the suspended well status and the proper
accounting treatment is recorded. At December 31, 2007, suspended
well costs included in oil and gas properties on our accompanying consolidated
financial statements was $2.3 million.
The
acquisition costs of unproved properties are capitalized when incurred, until
such properties are transferred to proved properties or charged to expense when
expired, impaired or amortized. Unproved oil and gas properties with
individually significant acquisition costs are periodically assessed, and any
impairment in value is charged to exploration expense. The amount of
impairment recognized on unproved properties which are not individually
significant is determined by amortizing the costs of such properties within
appropriate fields based on our historical experience, acquisition dates and
average lease terms. The valuation of unproved properties is
subjective and requires us to make estimates and assumptions which, with the
passage of time, may prove to be materially different from actual realizable
values.
In
accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, we assess our oil and gas properties for
possible impairment by comparing net capitalized costs to estimated undiscounted
future net cash flows on a field-by-field basis using estimated production based
upon prices at which we reasonably estimate the commodity to be
sold. The estimates of future prices may differ from current market
prices of oil and natural gas. Any downward revisions in estimates to
our reserve quantities, expectations of falling commodity prices or rising
operating costs could result in a reduction in undiscounted future net cash
flows and an impairment of our oil and gas properties. Although our
cash flow estimates are based on the relevant information available at the time
the estimates are made, estimates of future cash flows are, by nature, highly
uncertain and may very significantly from actual results.
Deferred
Income Tax Asset Valuation Allowance
Deferred
income tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences, net
operating loss carry-forwards, and credit carry-forwards if it is more likely
than not that the tax benefits will be realized. To the extent a
deferred tax asset is not expected to be realized under the preceding criteria,
a valuation allowance is established. The factors which we consider
in assessing whether we will realize the value of deferred income tax assets
involve judgments and estimates of both amount and timing, which could differ
from actual results, achieved in future periods.
The
judgments used in applying the above policies are based on our evaluation of the
relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the financial
statements. Actual results may differ from those
estimates.
Accounting
for Acquisitions Using Purchase Accounting
We
account for acquisitions utilizing the purchase method as prescribed by SFAS No.
141, Business
Combinations. Pursuant to purchase method accounting, the
acquiring company must allocate the cost of the acquisition to assets acquired
and liabilities assumed based on fair values as of the acquisition
date. The purchase price allocations are based on appraisals,
discounted cash flows, quoted market prices and estimates by
management. In addition, when appropriate, we review comparable
purchases and sales of oil and gas properties within the same regions, and use
that data as a basis for fair market value; for example, the amount a willing
buyer and seller would enter into an exchange for such
properties. Any excess of purchase price over amounts assigned to
assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. The amount of
goodwill recorded in any particular business combination can vary significantly
depending upon the value attributed to assets acquired and liabilities
assumed. In each of our acquisitions it was finally determined that
the purchase price did not exceed the fair value of the net assets
acquired. Therefore, no goodwill was ultimately
recorded.
In
estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed we made
various assumptions. The most significant assumptions relate to the
estimated fair values assigned to proved developed producing, proved developed
non-producing, proved undeveloped and unproved oil and gas
properties. To estimate the fair values of these properties, we
prepared estimates of oil and gas reserves. We estimated future
prices to apply to the estimated reserve quantities acquired, and estimated
future operating and development costs, to arrive at estimates of future net
revenues. For estimated proved reserves, the future net revenues were
discounted using a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate determined
appropriate at the time of the acquisition. The market-based weighted
average cost of capital rate was subjected to additional project-specific
risking factors. To compensate for the inherent risk of estimating
and valuing unproved properties, the discounted future net revenues of probable
and possible reserves were reduced by additional risk-weighting
factors.
Deferred
taxes must be recorded for any differences between the assigned values and tax
basis of assets and liabilities. Estimated deferred taxes are based
on available information concerning the tax basis of assets acquired and
liabilities assumed and loss carryforwards at the acquisition date, although
such estimates may change in the future as additional information becomes
known.
Recent
Accounting Standards
See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies - Recent Accounting Standards, to our accompanying consolidated
financial statements.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE
ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Market-Sensitive
Instruments and Risk Management
We are
exposed to market risks associated with interest rates, commodity prices and
credit exposure. Management has established risk management processes
to monitor and manage these market risks.
See Item
7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operation, Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates-Accounting for Derivatives Contracts at Fair
Value, for
further discussion of the accounting for derivative contracts.
Interest
Rate Risk
We are
exposed to risk resulting from changes in interest rates primarily as it relates
to interest we earn on our cash, cash equivalents and designated cash and
interest we pay on borrowings under our revolving credit
facility. Interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents includes money
market funds, short-term certificates of deposit and checking and savings
accounts with various banks. The amount of interest-bearing cash and
cash equivalents as of December 31, 2007, is $108.5 million with an average
interest rate of 3.69%.
Based on
a sensitivity analysis of the credit facility borrowings as of
December 31, 2007, it was estimated that if market interest rates average 1%
higher (lower) in 2008 than in 2007, interest expense, net of tax, would
increase (decrease) by approximately $1.5 million. On February 8,
2008, we completed the issuance and sale of $203 million aggregate principal
amount of 12% senior notes due 2018. This fixed-price debt
transaction will lower our sensitivity to interest rate
fluctuations.
Commodity Price
Risk
We are
exposed to the effect of market fluctuations in the prices of oil and natural
gas as they relate to our oil and natural gas sales and marketing
activities. Price risk represents the potential risk of loss from
adverse changes in the market price of oil and natural gas
commodities. We employ established policies and procedures to manage
the risks associated with these market fluctuations using commodity
derivatives. Our policy prohibits the use of oil and natural gas
derivative instruments for speculative purposes.
Validation
of a contract’s fair value is performed internally and while we use common
industry practices to develop our valuation techniques, changes in our pricing
methodologies or the underlying assumptions could result in significantly
different fair values.
Economic Hedging
Strategies. Our results of operations and operating cash flows
are affected by changes in market prices for oil and natural gas. To
mitigate a portion of the exposure to adverse market changes, we have entered
into various derivative instruments. As of December 31, 2007, our oil
and natural gas derivative instruments were comprised of futures, swaps and
collars. These instruments generally consist of NYMEX-traded natural
gas futures contracts and option contracts for Appalachian and Michigan
production, Panhandle-based contracts for NECO production and CIG-based
contracts for other Colorado production and NYMEX-based swaps for our Colorado
and North Dakota oil production.
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·
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For
swap instruments, we receive a fixed price for the hedged commodity and
pay a floating market price to the counterparty. The
fixed-price payment and the floating-price payment are netted, resulting
in a net amount due to or from the
counterparty.
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·
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Collars
contain a fixed floor price (put) and ceiling price (call). If
the market price exceeds the call strike price or falls below the fixed
put strike price, we receive the fixed price and pay the market
price. If the market price is between the call and the put
strike price, no payments are due from either
party.
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We
purchase puts and set collars for our own and affiliate partnerships’ production
to protect against price declines in future periods while retaining much of the
benefits of price increases. RNG enters into fixed-price physical
purchase and sale agreements that are derivative contracts. In order
to offset these fixed-price physical derivatives, we enter into financial
derivative instruments that have the effect of locking in the prices we will
receive or pay for the same volumes and period, offsetting the physical
derivative. While these derivatives are structured to reduce our
exposure to changes in price associated with the derivative commodity, they also
limit the benefit we might otherwise have received from price changes in the
physical market. We believe our derivative instruments continue to be
highly effective in achieving the risk management objectives for which they were
intended.
The
following table presents monthly average CIG and NYMEX closing prices for
natural gas and oil in 2007 and 2006, as well as average sales prices we
realized for the respective commodity.
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|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
Index Closing Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
Gas (per MMbtu)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CIG
|
|
$ |
3.97 |
|
|
$ |
5.63 |
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NYMEX
|
|
|
6.89 |
|
|
|
7.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Oil
(per Barrel)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NYMEX
|
|
|
69.79 |
|
|
|
64.73 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
Sales Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
|
5.33 |
|
|
|
5.91 |
|
Oil
|
|
|
60.65 |
|
|
|
59.33 |
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Based on
a sensitivity analysis as of December 31, 2007, it was estimated that a 10%
increase in oil and natural gas prices over the entire period for which we have
derivatives currently in place would have resulted in an increase in unrealized
losses of $7.3 million and a 10% decrease in oil and natural gas prices would
have resulted in a decrease in unrealized losses of $7.3 million.
See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies, and Note 15, Derivative Financial
Instruments, to our consolidated financial statements included in this
report for additional disclosure regarding derivative instruments including, but
not limited to, a summary of the open derivative option and purchase and sales
contracts for us and RNG as of December 31, 2007.
Credit Risk
Credit
risk represents the loss that we would incur if a counterparty fails to perform
under its contractual obligations. To reduce credit exposure, we seek
to enter into netting agreements with counterparties that permit us to offset
receivables and payables with such counterparties. We attempt to
further reduce credit risk by diversifying our counterparty exposure and
entering into transactions with high-quality counterparties. Where
exposed to credit risk, we analyze the counterparties’ financial condition prior
to entering into an agreement, establish credit limits and monitor the
appropriateness of those limits on an ongoing basis. There were no
counterparty defaults during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005.
Disclosure
of Limitations
Because
the information above included only those exposures that exist at December 31,
2007, it does not consider those exposures or positions which could arise after
that date. As a result, our ultimate realized gain or loss with
respect to interest rate and commodity price fluctuations will depend on the
exposures that arise during the period, our hedging strategies at the time, and
interest rates and commodity prices at the time.
The
response to this Item is set forth herein in a separate section of this Report,
beginning on Page F-1.
Index to financial
statements.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
Previous
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
As
previously reported on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 31, 2007, the Audit
Committee of our Board of Directors recommended, and the Board of Directors
ratified, the dismissal of KPMG LLP, or KPMG, as our principal accountants on
May 24, 2007.
The audit
reports of KPMG on our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years
ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, contained no adverse opinion or disclaimer of
opinion, nor were such reports qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit
scope or accounting principles, except as follows:
The audit
report of KPMG on our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2006,
and for the year then ended, dated May 22, 2007, indicated that, as described in
Note 1, Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies, to such consolidated financial statements, we
adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
123(R), Share-Based Payment,
and we changed our method of quantifying errors based on SEC Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior
Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial
Statements, in 2006.
The audit
reports of KPMG on management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal
control over financial reporting and the effectiveness of internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, did not contain any
adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, nor were they qualified or modified as
to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles, except that:
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(1)
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KPMG's report as of December 31,
2006, includes an explanatory paragraph stating that “The Company acquired
Unioil on December 6, 2006, and management excluded from its assessment of
the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2006, Unioil’s internal control over
financial reporting associated with total assets of $26.1 million and
total revenues of $0.3 million included in the consolidated financial
statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31,
2006. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of
the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over
financial reporting of
Unioil.”
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(2)
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KPMG’s reports indicate that we
did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2006 and 2005, because of the effect of material weaknesses
on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria as described
below:
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Material Weaknesses as of
December 31, 2006
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The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures to ensure the
timely reconciliation, review and adjustment of significant balance sheet
and income statement accounts. As a result, material
misstatements were identified during the Company's closing process in
certain significant balance sheet and income statement accounts of the
Company’s 2006 consolidated financial statements. This
deficiency resulted in a more than remote likelihood that a material
misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements would
not be prevented or detected.
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The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures, or personnel with
sufficient technical expertise to ensure proper accounting for derivative
instruments. Specifically, the Company’s internal control
processes did not ensure the completeness of all derivative contracts
related to oil and gas sales, and also did not ensure the determination of
the fair value of certain derivatives. As a result,
misstatements were identified in the fair value of derivatives and related
income statement accounts of the Company’s 2006 consolidated financial
statements. This deficiency resulted in a more than remote
likelihood that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim
financial statements would not be prevented or
detected.
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·
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The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures to ensure proper
accounting for oil and gas properties. Specifically, the
Company’s review procedures were not sufficient to ensure that the
calculations of depreciation and depletion were performed accurately and
that the capitalization of costs was performed in accordance with the
applicable authoritative accounting guidance. As a result,
misstatements were identified in 2006 in depreciation, depletion and
amortization expense of the Company’s consolidated financial
statements. This deficiency resulted in a more than remote
likelihood that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim
financial statements would not be prevented or
detected.
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Material Weaknesses as of
December 31, 2005
We did
not have effective policies and procedures, and were not adequately staffed with
accounting personnel possessing an appropriate level of technical expertise in
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, as further described
below:
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The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures, or personnel with
sufficient technical expertise, to properly account for derivative
transactions in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Specifically, the Company's policies and procedures relating to
derivatives transactions were not designed effectively to ensure that each
of the requirements for hedge accounting was evaluated appropriately with
respect to the Company's commodity based
derivatives. Additionally, the Company's policies and
procedures relating to the derivative transactions entered into on behalf
of affiliated partnerships were not adequate to ensure these transactions
were recorded properly in the financial statements. As a
result, a misstatement was identified in the fair value of derivatives and
the oil and gas price risk management loss accounts that was corrected
prior to the issuance of the Company's 2005 consolidated financial
statements. This deficiency results in more than a remote
likelihood that a material misstatement of the Company's annual or interim
consolidated financial statements would not be prevented or
detected.
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·
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The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures, or personnel with
sufficient technical expertise, to ensure compliance with appropriate
accounting principles for its oil and gas
properties. Specifically, the Company's policies and procedures
were not designed effectively to ensure that the calculation of
depreciation and depletion and the determintion of impairments were
performed in accordance with the applicable authoritative accounting
guidance. As a result, misstatements were identified in the
accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization and the depreciation,
depletion and amortization expense accounts that was corrected prior to
the issuance of the Company's 2005 consolidated financial
statements. This deficiency results in more than a remote
likelihood that a material misstatement of the Company's annual or interim
consolidated financial statements would not be prevented or
detected.
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The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures, or personnel with
sufficient technical expertise, to ensure proper accounting and disclosure
for income taxes. Specifically, the Company's policies and
procedures did not provide for appropriate control documentation or
supervisory review of permanent and temporary differences, or assessment
of tax reserves to ensure that they were properly reflected and disclosed
in the Company's financial statements. As a result,
misstatements were identified in the deferred income tax liability and
income tax expense accounts in the Company's preliminary 2005 consolidated
financial statements. This deficiency results in more than a
remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the Company's annual or
interim consolidated financial statements would not be prevented or
detected.
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The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures, or personnel with
sufficient technical expertise, to ensure that its accounting for asset
retirement obligations complied with generally accepted accounting
principles. Specifically, the Company's policies and procedures regarding
the estimate of the fair value of the asset retirement obligations were
not designed effectively to ensure that it was estimated in accordance
with FAS No. 143, Asset
Retirement Obligations. This deficiency results in more
than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the Company's
annual or interim consolidated financial statements would not be prevented
or detected.
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The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures, or personnel with
sufficient technical expertise, to provide for adequate monitoring and
assessment of the application of accounting principles, standards or rules
as it relates to proportionate consolidation in a timely
manner. As a result of this control deficiency, the Company did
not appropriately eliminate its proportionate share of transactions with
the Company sponsored limited partnerships, which resulted in the
restatement of the Company's financial statements for the first three
quarters of 2005, the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001
and each of the quarters in 2004 and
2003.
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During
the two years ended December 31, 2006, and the subsequent interim period through
May 24, 2007, there were no: 1) disagreements with KPMG on any matter of
accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing
scope or procedure that, if not resolved to KPMG’s satisfaction, would have
caused KPMG to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in
connection with its audit reports on our financial statements for such years, or
2) reportable events, except for the material weaknesses described
above.
KPMG has
been authorized to respond fully to the inquiries of the successor independent
registered public accounting firm concerning the subject matter of the
foregoing.
We
provided KPMG with a copy of the foregoing statements and requested that KPMG
furnish us with a letter addressed to the Securities and Exchange Commission
stating whether KPMG agreed with the foregoing statements, and, if not, stating
the respects in which KPMG did not agree. The letter from KPMG is
attached as Exhibit 16 to our Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 31,
2007.
New
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
As
previously reported on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 31, 2007, the Audit
Committee of our Board of Directors recommended and the Board of Directors
ratified the engagement of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, or PwC, as our
independent registered public accounting firm the fiscal year ending December
31, 2007.
During
our two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, and through
May 24, 2007, we did not consult with PwC regarding either (i) the application
of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or
proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on our financial
statements, and neither a written report was provided to us nor oral advice was
provided that PwC concluded was an important factor considered by us in reaching
a decision as to any of the accounting, auditing or financial reporting issues;
or (ii) any matter that was either the subject of a disagreement, as that term
is defined in paragraph 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K, or a reportable event
required to be reported under paragraph 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation
S-K.
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of
December 31, 2007, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with
the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule
13a-15(e). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and
procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2007, to ensure that the
information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that we file
or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms, and that
the information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to all
timely decisions regarding required disclosure, due to the existence of material
weaknesses described in Management’s Report on Internal
Control Over Financial Reporting included in Item 8 of this
report.
Changes
in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have
made the following changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as
such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934) during the quarter ended December 31, 2007, that have materially
affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over
financial reporting.
|
·
|
Installed
new software supporting our derivative valuation process. The
new system enhanced the existing internal controls framework over
reporting more accurate information by automating a previously manual
control.
|
During
the third quarter of 2007, and continuing through the filing of this report, we
made the following changes in our internal control over financial reporting that
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect our
internal controls over financial reporting:
|
·
|
Installed
new software supporting our accounts payable process as part of a broader
financial reporting system implementation. The new system
enhanced the existing internal control framework over accounts payable and
cash distribution process by automating several of the previously manual
controls.
|
Additionally,
during the first quarter of 2007, and continuing through the filing of this
report, we implemented the following changes in internal control over financial
reporting:
|
·
|
Reinforced
reconciliation procedures to ensure the timely reconciliation, review and
adjustments to significant balance sheet and income statement
accounts;
|
|
·
|
Developed
and approved extensive policies and procedures concerning the controls
over financial reporting for
derivatives;
|
|
·
|
Provided
additional training regarding derivatives for key personnel;
and
|
|
·
|
Developed
a review process to ensure proper accounting for oil and gas properties,
specifically the capitalization of costs and calculation of depreciation
and depletion.
|
We
continue to evaluate the ongoing effectiveness and sustainability of the changes
we have made in internal control, and, as a result of the ongoing evaluation,
may identify additional changes to improve internal control over financial
reporting.
None.
PART
III
The
information called for by Item 10 is incorporated by reference from information
under the captions entitled Corporate Governance, Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership
Reporting Compliance, Election of Directors and
Executive Compensation
and other relevant portions of our definitive proxy statement to be filed
pursuant to Regulation 14A no later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal
year.
The information called for by Item 11
is incorporated by reference from information under the caption entitled Executive Compensation and
other relevant portions of our definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant
to Regulation 14A no later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal
year.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL
OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The
information called for by Item 12 is incorporated by reference from information
under the caption entitled Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters and
other relevant portions of our definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant
to Regulation 14A no later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal
year.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED
TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The
information called for by Item 13 is incorporated by reference from information
under the captions entitled Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions and
Director Independence in our definitive proxy statement to be
filed pursuant to Regulation 14A no later than 120 days after the close of our
fiscal year.
The
information called for by Item 14 is incorporated by reference from information
under caption entitled Principal Accountant Fees and
Services and other relevant portions of our definitive proxy
statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A no later than 120 days after
the close of our fiscal year.
PART
IV
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(a)
|
(1)
|
Financial
Statements:
|
|
See
Index to
Financial Statements and Schedules on page
F-1.
|
|
(2)
|
Financial
Statement Schedules:
|
|
See
Index to
Financial Statements and Schedules on page
F-1.
|
Schedules
and Financial Statements Omitted
All other
financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not required,
inapplicable, or the information
is included in the Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
See Exhibits Index on
page 67.
Pursuant
to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
|
|
|
|
|
By
|
|
/s/
Steven R. Williams |
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Steven
R. Williams,
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|
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Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer
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|
|
|
|
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March
20, 2008
|
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the
following
persons
on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates
indicated:
Signature
|
Title
|
Date
|
|
|
|
/s/ Steven R.
Williams
|
Chairman,
Chief Executive Officer and Director
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|
Steven
R. Williams
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(principal
executive officer)
|
March
20, 2008
|
|
|
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/s/ Richard W.
McCullough
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President,
Chief Financial Officer and Director
|
March
20, 2008 |
Richard
W. McCullough
|
(principal
financial officer)
|
|
|
|
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/s/ Darwin L.
Stump
|
Chief
Accounting Officer
|
March
20, 2008 |
Darwin
L. Stump
|
(principal
accounting officer)
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|
|
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/s/ Daniel W.
Amidon
|
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Daniel
W. Amidon
|
General
Counsel, Corporate Secretary
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March
20, 2008
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|
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/s/ Jeffrey C.
Swoveland
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Jeffrey
C. Swoveland
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Director
|
March
20, 2008
|
|
|
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/s/ Vincent F.
D'Annunzio
|
|
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Vincent
F. D'Annunzio
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Director
|
March
20, 2008
|
|
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/s/ Kimberly Luff
Wakim
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Kimberly
Luff Wakim
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Director
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March
20, 2008
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/s/ David C.
Parke
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|
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David
C. Parke
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Director
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March
20, 2008
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|
|
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/s/ Anthony
J. Crisafio
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|
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Anthony
J. Crisafio
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Director
|
March
20, 2008
|
|
|
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/s/ Joseph
E. Casabona
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|
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Joseph
E. Casabona
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Director
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March
20, 2008
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|
|
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/s/ Larry
F. Mazza
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|
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Larry
F. Mazza
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Director
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March
20, 2008
|
The
following are abbreviations and definitions of terms commonly used in the oil
and gas industry and this Form 10-K.
Bbl
- One barrel or 42 U.S. gallons of liquid volume.
Bcf
- One billion cubic feet.
Bcfe
- One billion cubic feet of natural gas equivalents.
Completion
- The installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or
gas.
DD&A - Refers to depreciation,
depletion and amortization of our property and equipment.
Development
well - A well drilled within the proved area of an oil or gas reservoir
to the depth of a stratigraphic horizon known to be
productive.
Dry
hole - A well found to be incapable of producing hydrocarbons in
sufficient quantities to justify completion as an oil or gas
well.
Exploratory
well - A well drilled to find and produce oil or natural gas reserves not
classified as proved, to find a new productive reservoir in a field previously
found to be productive of oil or natural gas in another reservoir or to extend a
known reservoir.
Extensions and discoveries -
As to any period, the increases to proved reserves from all sources other than
the acquisition of proved properties or revisions of previous
estimates.
Gross
acres or wells - Refers to the total acres or wells in which we have a
working interest.
Horizontal
drilling - A drilling technique that permits the operator to contact and
intersect a larger portion of the producing horizon than conventional vertical
drilling techniques and may, depending on the horizon, result in increased
production rates and greater ultimate recoveries of
hydrocarbons.
MBbls - One thousand
barrels.
Mcf - One thousand cubic
feet.
Mcfe - One thousand cubic feet
of natural gas equivalents, based on a ratio of 6 Mcf for each barrel of oil,
which reflects the relative energy content.
MMbtu - One million British
thermal units. One British thermal unit is the heat required to raise
the temperature of a one-pound mass of water from 58.5 to 59.5 degrees
Fahrenheit.
MMcf
- One million cubic feet.
MMcfe - One million cubic feet of
natural gas equivalents.
Natural
gas liquids - Liquid hydrocarbons that have been extracted from natural
gas, such as ethane, propane, butane and natural gasoline.
Net acres
or wells - Refers to gross acres or wells multiplied, in each case, by
the percentage working interest we own.
Net
production - Oil and gas production that we own, less royalties and
production due others.
NYMEX
- New York Mercantile Exchange, the exchange on which commodities, including
crude oil and natural gas futures contracts, are traded.
Oil
- Crude oil or condensate.
Operator
- The individual or company responsible for the exploration, development and
production of an oil or gas well or lease.
Present value of proved
reserves - The present value of estimated future revenues, discounted at
10% annually, to be generated from the production of proved reserves determined
in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission guidelines, net of
estimated production and future development costs, using prices and costs as of
the date of estimation without future escalation, without giving effect to (i)
estimated future abandonment costs, net of the estimated salvage value of
related equipment, (ii) non-property related expenses such as general and
administrative expenses, debt service and future income tax expense, or (iii)
depreciation, depletion and amortization.
Proved developed non-producing
reserves - Reserves that consist of (i) proved reserves from wells which
have been completed and tested but are not producing due to lack of market or
minor completion problems which are expected to be corrected and (ii) proved
reserves currently behind the pipe in existing wells and which are expected to
be productive due to both the well log characteristics and analogous production
in the immediate vicinity of the wells.
Proved developed producing
reserves -
Proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered from currently
producing zones under the continuation of present operating
methods.
Proved
developed reserves -
The combination of proved developed producing and proved developed
non-producing reserves.
Proved
reserves - The estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and
natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate with
reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs
under existing economic and operating conditions, i.e., prices and costs as of
the date the estimate is made. Prices include consideration of
changes in existing prices provided only by contractual arrangements, but not on
escalations based upon future conditions.
Proved
undeveloped reserves, or
PUD - Proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on
undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure
is required for recompletion.
Recompletion
- A recompletion occurs when we reenter a well to complete (i.e., perforate) a
new formation different from that in which a well has previously been
completed.
Refrac,
or refracture – A refrac is when we stimulate the present producing zone
of a well to increase production, using hydraulic, acid, gravel, etc. fracture
techniques.
Reserve
replacement - Calculated by dividing the sum of reserve additions fro all
sources (revisions, extensions, discoveries and other additions and
acquisitions) by the actual production for the corresponding
period. The values used for reserve additions are derived directly
from the proved reserves table located in Note 20, Supplemental Oil and Gas
information, to our consolidated financial statements included in this
report. We use the reserve replacement ratio as an indicator of our
ability to replenish annual production volumes and grow our reserves, thereby
providing some information on the sources of future production. It
should be noted that the reserve replacement ratio is a statistical indicator
that has limitations. As an annual measure, the ratio limited because
it typically varies widely based on the extent and timing of new discoveries and
property acquisitions. Its predictive and comparative value is also
limited for the same reasons. In addition, since the ratio does not
imbed the cost or timing of future production of new reserves, it cannot be used
as a measure of value creation.
Royalty
- An interest in an oil and gas lease that gives the owner of the interest the
right to receive a portion of the production from the leased acreage (or of the
proceeds of the sale thereof), but generally does not require the owner to pay
any portion of the costs of drilling or operating the wells on the leased
acreage. Royalties may be either landowner’s royalties, which are
reserved by the owner of the leased acreage at the time the lease is granted, or
overriding royalties, which are usually reserved by an owner of the leasehold in
connection with a transfer to a subsequent owner.
Standardized
measure of discounted future net cash flows - Present value of proved
reserves, as adjusted to give effect to (i) estimated future abandonment costs,
net of the estimated salvage value of related equipment, and (ii) estimated
future income taxes.
Undeveloped
acreage - Leased acreage on which wells have not been drilled or
completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities
of oil and gas, regardless of whether such acreage contains proved
reserves.
Working
interest - An interest in an oil and gas lease that gives the owner of
the interest the right to drill for and produce oil and gas on the leased
acreage and requires the owner to pay a share of the costs of drilling and
production operations. The share of production to which a working
interest is entitled will be smaller than the share of costs that the working
interest owner is required to bear to the extent of any royalty
burden.
Workover
- Operations on a producing well to restore or increase
production.
Exhibits
Index
Exhibit
No.
|
|
Description
|
|
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Amended
and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Petroleum Development
Corporation, filed herewith.
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|
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3.2
|
|
Bylaws
of Petroleum Development Corporation, amended and restated effective
October 11, 2007, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Form 8-K
filed on October 17, 2007.
|
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Rights
Agreement by and between Petroleum Development Corporation and Transfer
Online, Inc., as Rights Agent, dated as of September 11, 2007, including
the forms of Rights Certificates and Summary of Stockholder Rights Plan
attached thereto as Exhibits A and B, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to Form 8-K filed September 14, 2007.
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|
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4.2
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Indenture
dated as of February 8, 2008, by and among Petroleum Development
Corporation and The Bank of New York, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to Form 8-K filed on February 12, 2008.
|
|
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4.3
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|
First
Supplemental Indenture dated as of February 8, 2008, by and among
Petroleum Development Corporation and the Bank of New York, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K filed on February 12,
2008.
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|
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4.4
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|
Form
of 12% Senior Note due 2018, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to
Form 8-K filed on February 12, 2008.
|
|
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10.1
|
|
Amended
and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 4, 2005, Petroleum
Development Corporation, as borrower and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A and BNP
Paribas, as lenders, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K
dated November 4, 2005.
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|
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10.2
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|
First
Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of August 9,
2007, by an among Petroleum Development Corporation, certain of its
subsidiaries, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., BNP Paribas and Wachovia Bank,
N.A., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed August
15, 2007.
|
|
|
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10.3
|
|
Second
Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of October
16, 2007, by and among Petroleum Development Corporation, certain of its
subsidiaries, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., BNP Paribas, Wachovia Bank, N.A.,
Guaranty Bank, FSB, Bank of Oklahoma and Morgan Stanley Bank, incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed October 22,
2007.
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|
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10.4
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Limited
Consent and Waiver, Borrowing Base Increase and Aggregate Revolving
Commitment Increase relating to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement,
dated as of November 21, 2007, by and among Petroleum Development
Corporation, certain of its subsidiaries, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., BNP
Paribas, Wachovia Bank, N.A., Guaranty Bank, FSB, Bank of Oklahoma and
Morgan Stanley Bank, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K
filed November 28, 2007.
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|
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10.5
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|
Employment
Agreement with Steven R. Williams, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman,
dated as of March 7, 2003 and amended December 29, 2005, incorporated by
reference in Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-K filed on March 7, 2003
and Exhibit 99.1 to Form 8-K filed January 4, 2006.
|
|
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10.6
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|
Employment
Agreement with Darwin L. Stump, Chief Accounting Officer, dated as of
January 5, 2004 and amended December 29, 2005, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 99.4 Form 10-K dated January 5, 2004, and Exhibit 99.4 to Form
8-K filed January 4, 2006.
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|
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10.7
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|
Employment
Agreement with Thomas E. Riley, President, dated as of January 5, 2004,
and amended December 29, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.6
Form 10-K dated January 5, 2004, and Exhibit 99.2 to Form 8-K filed
January 4, 2006.
|
|
|
|
10.8
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|
Employment
Agreement with Eric R. Stearns, Executive Vice President, dated as of
January 5, 2004, and amended December 29, 2005, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 99.5 Form 10-K dated January 5, 2004, and Exhibit 99.3 to Form
8-K filed January 4, 2006.
|
10.9
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|
Employment
Agreement with Richard W. McCullough, Chief Financial Officer, dated as of
November 13, 2006, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Form 10-K
filed on May 23, 2007.
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10.10
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|
The
Petroleum Development Corporation 401(k) & Profit Sharing Plan,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form S-8, SEC File No.
333-137836.
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10.11
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|
2007
Compensation Arrangements with Executive Officers, incorporated by
reference to Form 8-K dated February 20, 2007.
|
|
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|
10.12
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2007
Long-Term Incentive Program, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
Form 8-K dated February 20, 2007
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10.13
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2007
Short-Term Incentive Program, incorporated by reference to Form 8-K dated
April 2, 2007.
|
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|
10.14
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|
2005
Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Plan, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to Form S-8, SEC File No. 333-126444 filed on July 7,
2005.
|
|
|
|
10.15
|
|
2004
Long-Term Equity Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
99.1 to Form S-8, SEC File No. 333-118215, filed on August 13,
2004.
|
|
|
|
10.16
|
|
Non-Employee
Director Deferred Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference Exhibit
99.1 to Form S-8, SEC File No. 333-118222, filed on August 13,
2004.
|
|
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10.17
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|
1999
Incentive Stock Option and Non-Qualified Stock, incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 99.1 to Form S-8, SEC File No. 333-111825, filed on January 9,
2004.
|
|
|
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10.18
|
|
Indemnification
Agreement with Directors and Officers, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q filed August 9, 2007.
|
|
|
|
10.19
|
|
2007
Long-Term Incentive Program, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
Form 8-K filed on April 13, 2007.
|
|
|
|
10.20
|
|
2006
Long-Term Equity Compensation Grants to Executive Officers, incorporated
by reference to Form 8-K filed on April 10, 2007.
|
|
|
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10.21
|
|
Purchase
and Sale Agreement by and between Petroleum Development Corporation and
Marathon Oil Company dated July 20, 2006, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q filed on August 8, 2006.
|
|
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10.22
|
|
Purchase
and Sale Agreement between EXCO Resources, Inc., as Seller, and Petroleum
Development Corporation, as Buyer, dated effective October 1, 2006,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed on January 11,
2007.
|
|
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10.23
|
|
Purchase
Agreement dated as of February 1, 2008, by and among Petroleum Development
Corporation and the Initial Purchasers of 12% senior notes due 2018 named
therein, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed on
February 7, 2008
|
|
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10.24
|
|
Registration
Rights Agreement dated as of February 8, 2008, by and among Petroleum
Development Corporation and the Initial Purchasers of 12% senior notes due
2018 named therein, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10-1 to Form 8-K
filed on February 12, 2008.
|
|
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|
14.1
|
|
Code
of Business Conduct and Ethics, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1
to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002, SEC File No. 0-07246
filed on March 7, 2003.
|
|
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Subsidiaries,
filed herewith.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consent
of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, filed herewith.
|
|
|
|
|
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Consent
of KPMG LLP, filed herewith.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consent
of Wright & Company, Inc., Petroleum Consultants, filed
herewith.
|
|
|
|
|
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Consent
of Ryder Scott Company, L.P., Petroleum Consultants, filed
herewith.
|
|
|
Certification
by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the
Exchange Act Rules, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Certification
by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the
Exchange Act Rules, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Certifications
by Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Title
18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed
herewith.
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Index
to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement
Schedule
Management's Report on Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting
|
F-2
|
|
|
Financial
Statements:
|
|
Reports of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firms
|
F-3
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 2007
and 2006
|
F-5
|
Consolidated Statements of Income - Years Ended
December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
|
F-6
|
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity -
Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
|
F-7
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Years
Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
|
F-8
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements
|
F-9
|
|
|
Financial
Statement Schedule:
|
|
Schedule
II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and
Reserves
|
F-46
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Management's Report on
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management
is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of
the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting is a
process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control
over financial reporting may not prevent or detect
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness
to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies
or procedures may deteriorate.
Management
has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2007, based upon the criteria established in
“Internal Control – Integrated Framework” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on this
evaluation, management concluded that the Company did not maintain effective
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 because of the
material weaknesses discussed below. A material weakness is a
deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial
reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material
misstatement of the Company's annual or interim financial statements will not be
prevented or detected on a timely basis. The Company’s assessment, as
of December 31, 2007, identified the following material weaknesses:
|
·
|
The
Company did not maintain effective controls to ensure the completeness,
accuracy, validity and restricted access of certain key financial
statement spreadsheets that support all significant balance sheet and
income statement accounts. Specifically, the Company has
inadequate controls over: 1) the security and integrity of the data used
in the various spreadsheets, 2) access to the spreadsheets, 3) changes to
spreadsheet functionality and the related approval process and
documentation, and 4) management's review of the
spreadsheets. These spreadsheets are used in the financial
close and reporting process to perform calculations, generate financial
data supporting all significant processes and key manual controls, and to
compile information to post entries into the general ledger
system. This control deficiency resulted in an audit adjustment
to the Company's consolidated financial statements for the year ended
December 31, 2007. This control deficiency could result in a
misstatement of any of our financial statement accounts and disclosures
that would result in a material misstatement of the annual or interim
financial statements that would not be prevented or detected in a timely
manner.
|
|
·
|
The
Company did not have effective policies and procedures, or personnel with
sufficient technical expertise to record derivative activities in
accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. Specifically, the Company’s internal control
processes did not ensure the completeness and accuracy of the derivative
activities in the fourth quarter. The lack of documented
policies and procedures, and the turnover in key personnel, including
ineffective management review process, resulted in an audit adjustment to
the Company's consolidated financial statements for the year ended
December 31, 2007. This control deficiency could result in a
misstatement of any of our derivative financial statement accounts and
disclosures that would result in a material misstatement of the annual or
interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected in a
timely manner.
|
The
effectiveness of Petroleum Development Corporation's internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, has been audited by
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as
stated in their report which appears herein.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
/s/
Steven R. Williams
|
|
Steven
R. Williams
|
|
Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer
|
|
|
|
/s/
Richard W. McCullough
|
|
Richard
W. McCullough
|
|
President
and Chief Financial Officer
|
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Report of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the
Board of Directors and Shareholders
of
Petroleum Development Corporation
In our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Petroleum
Development Corporation and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2007, and the
results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended
December 31, 2007 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the
financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index presents fairly,
in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in
conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also
in our opinion, the Company did not maintain, in all material respects,
effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007,
based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO)
because material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting related
to spreadsheets used in the financial reporting process and accounting for
derivative activities existed as of that date. A material weakness is
a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over
financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material
misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented
or detected on a timely basis. The material weaknesses referred to above are
described in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting. We considered these material weaknesses in
determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit
of the 2007 consolidated financial statements, and our opinion regarding the
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting does
not affect our opinion on those consolidated financial
statements. The Company's management is responsible for these
financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective
internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in
management's report referred to above. Our responsibility is to
express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement
schedule, and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based
on our integrated audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with
the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free
of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial
reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of the
financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of
internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material
weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our
audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary
in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for
our opinions.
As
discussed in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company
changed the manner in which it accounts for uncertain tax positions in
2007.
A
company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal
control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i)
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and
fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;
(ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of
the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or
timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation
of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may
become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania
March 20,
2008
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Report of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board
of Directors and Shareholders
Petroleum
Development Corporation:
We have
audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Petroleum Development
Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006, and the related
consolidated statements of income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each
of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2006. In connection with
our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the
related financial statement schedule. These consolidated financial statements
and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated
financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our
audits.
We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of Petroleum Development
Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period
ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U. S. generally accepted accounting
principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when
considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a
whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth
therein.
As
discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company
adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
123(R), (“Share-Based Payment”), in 2006.
As
discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company
changed its method of quantifying errors based on SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin
No. 108 (“Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying
Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements”) in 2006.
KPMG
LLP
Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania
May 22,
2007
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Consolidated
Balance Sheets
(in
thousands, except share and per share data)
December
31,
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
84,751 |
|
|
$ |
194,326 |
|
Restricted
cash - current
|
|
|
14,773 |
|
|
|
519 |
|
Accounts
receivable, net
|
|
|
60,024 |
|
|
|
42,600 |
|
Accounts
receivable - affiliates
|
|
|
11,537 |
|
|
|
9,235 |
|
Inventories
|
|
|
2,248 |
|
|
|
3,345 |
|
Fair
value of derivatives
|
|
|
4,817 |
|
|
|
15,012 |
|
Other
current assets
|
|
|
13,643 |
|
|
|
5,977 |
|
Total
current assets
|
|
|
191,793 |
|
|
|
271,014 |
|
Properties
and equipment, net
|
|
|
845,864 |
|
|
|
394,217 |
|
Restricted
cash - long term
|
|
|
1,294 |
|
|
|
192,451 |
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
6,783 |
|
Other
assets
|
|
|
11,528 |
|
|
|
19,822 |
|
Total
Assets
|
|
$ |
1,050,479 |
|
|
$ |
884,287 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
and Shareholders' Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
$ |
88,502 |
|
|
$ |
67,675 |
|
Accounts
payable - affiliates
|
|
|
3,828 |
|
|
|
7,595 |
|
Short
term debt
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
20,000 |
|
Production
tax liability
|
|
|
21,330 |
|
|
|
11,497 |
|
Other
accrued expenses
|
|
|
12,913 |
|
|
|
9,685 |
|
Deferred
gain on sale of leaseholds
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
8,000 |
|
Federal
and state income taxes payable
|
|
|
901 |
|
|
|
28,698 |
|
Fair
value of derivatives
|
|
|
6,291 |
|
|
|
2,545 |
|
Advances
for future drilling contracts
|
|
|
68,417 |
|
|
|
54,772 |
|
Funds
held for distribution
|
|
|
39,823 |
|
|
|
31,367 |
|
Total
current liabilities
|
|
|
242,005 |
|
|
|
241,834 |
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
|
235,000 |
|
|
|
117,000 |
|
Deferred
gain on sale of leaseholds
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
17,600 |
|
Other
liabilities
|
|
|
19,968 |
|
|
|
19,400 |
|
Deferred
income taxes
|
|
|
136,490 |
|
|
|
116,393 |
|
Asset
retirement obligation
|
|
|
20,731 |
|
|
|
11,916 |
|
Total
liabilities
|
|
|
654,194 |
|
|
|
524,143 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments
and contingent liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
interest in consolidated limited liability company
|
|
|
759 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders'
equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
shares, par value $.01 per share; authorized 50,000,000 shares; issued
14,907,679 in 2007 and 14,834,871 in 2006
|
|
|
149 |
|
|
|
148 |
|
Additional
paid-in capital
|
|
|
2,559 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
Retained
earnings
|
|
|
393,044 |
|
|
|
360,102 |
|
Treasury
shares at cost, 5,894 shares in 2007 and 4,706 in 2006
|
|
|
(226 |
) |
|
|
(170 |
) |
Total
shareholders' equity
|
|
|
395,526 |
|
|
|
360,144 |
|
Total
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
|
|
$ |
1,050,479 |
|
|
$ |
884,287 |
|
See accompanying Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Consolidated
Statements of Income
(in
thousands, except per share data)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
175,187 |
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
|
$ |
102,559 |
|
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
103,624 |
|
|
|
131,325 |
|
|
|
121,104 |
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
12,154 |
|
|
|
17,917 |
|
|
|
99,963 |
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
9,342 |
|
|
|
10,704 |
|
|
|
8,760 |
|
Oil
and gas price risk management gain (loss), net
|
|
|
2,756 |
|
|
|
9,147 |
|
|
|
(9,368 |
) |
Other
|
|
|
2,172 |
|
|
|
2,221 |
|
|
|
2,180 |
|
Total
revenues
|
|
|
305,235 |
|
|
|
286,503 |
|
|
|
325,198 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs
and expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas production and well operations cost
|
|
|
49,264 |
|
|
|
29,021 |
|
|
|
20,400 |
|
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
100,584 |
|
|
|
130,150 |
|
|
|
119,644 |
|
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
2,508 |
|
|
|
12,617 |
|
|
|
88,185 |
|
Exploration
expense
|
|
|
23,551 |
|
|
|
8,131 |
|
|
|
11,115 |
|
General
and administrative expense
|
|
|
30,968 |
|
|
|
19,047 |
|
|
|
6,960 |
|
Depreciation,
depletion, and amortization
|
|
|
70,844 |
|
|
|
33,735 |
|
|
|
21,116 |
|
Total
costs and expenses
|
|
|
277,719 |
|
|
|
232,701 |
|
|
|
267,420 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain
on sale of leaseholds
|
|
|
33,291 |
|
|
|
328,000 |
|
|
|
7,669 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from operations
|
|
|
60,807 |
|
|
|
381,802 |
|
|
|
65,447 |
|
Interest
income
|
|
|
2,662 |
|
|
|
8,050 |
|
|
|
898 |
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
(9,279 |
) |
|
|
(2,443 |
) |
|
|
(217 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before income taxes
|
|
|
54,190 |
|
|
|
387,409 |
|
|
|
66,128 |
|
Provision
for income taxes
|
|
|
20,981 |
|
|
|
149,637 |
|
|
|
24,676 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
33,209 |
|
|
$ |
237,772 |
|
|
$ |
41,452 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
2.25 |
|
|
$ |
15.18 |
|
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
2.24 |
|
|
$ |
15.11 |
|
|
$ |
2.52 |
|
See accompanying Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Consolidated
Statements of Shareholders' Equity
(in
thousands, except per share data)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Common
stock, par value $.01 per share - shares issued:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
at beginning of year
|
|
|
14,834,871 |
|
|
|
16,281,923 |
|
|
|
16,589,824 |
|
Adjust
prior conversion of predecessor shares
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
59,546 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Exercise
of stock options
|
|
|
38,000 |
|
|
|
8,000 |
|
|
|
3,000 |
|
Issuance
of stock awards, net of forfeitures
|
|
|
46,828 |
|
|
|
112,902 |
|
|
|
20,895 |
|
Retirement
of treasury shares
|
|
|
(12,020 |
) |
|
|
(1,627,500 |
) |
|
|
(331,796 |
) |
Shares
at end of year
|
|
|
14,907,679 |
|
|
|
14,834,871 |
|
|
|
16,281,923 |
|
Treasury
stock:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
at beginning of year
|
|
|
(4,706 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Purchase
of treasury shares
|
|
|
(12,020 |
) |
|
|
(1,627,500 |
) |
|
|
(331,796 |
) |
Retirement
of treasury shares
|
|
|
12,020 |
|
|
|
1,627,500 |
|
|
|
331,796 |
|
Non-employee
directors' deferred compensation plan
|
|
|
(1,188 |
) |
|
|
(4,706 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Shares
at end of year
|
|
|
(5,894 |
) |
|
|
(4,706 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Common
shares outstanding
|
|
|
14,901,785 |
|
|
|
14,830,165 |
|
|
|
16,281,923 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
stock, $.01 par:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year
|
|
$ |
148 |
|
|
$ |
163 |
|
|
$ |
166 |
|
Exercise
of stock options
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Issuance
of stock awards, net of forfeitures
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Retirement
of treasury shares
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(16 |
) |
|
|
(3 |
) |
Balance
at end of year
|
|
|
149 |
|
|
|
148 |
|
|
|
163 |
|
Additional
paid-in capital:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
30,423 |
|
|
|
37,684 |
|
Reclassification
of unearned compensation pursuant to the adoption of SFAS No.
123(R)
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(825 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Exercise
of stock options
|
|
|
183 |
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
Issuance
of stock awards, net of forfeitures
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Stock
based compensation expense
|
|
|
2,286 |
|
|
|
1,516 |
|
|
|
603 |
|
Retirement
of treasury shares
|
|
|
(646 |
) |
|
|
(31,150 |
) |
|
|
(7,876 |
) |
Excess
tax benefit of stock based compensation
|
|
|
673 |
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Balance
at end of year
|
|
|
2,559 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
30,423 |
|
Retained
earnings:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year
|
|
|
360,102 |
|
|
|
158,504 |
|
|
|
117,052 |
|
Cumulative
effect adjustment for the adoption of SAB 108, net of tax
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(1,021 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
FIN
48 adoption
|
|
|
(267 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Retirement
of treasury shares
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(35,153 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Net
income
|
|
|
33,209 |
|
|
|
237,772 |
|
|
|
41,452 |
|
Balance
at end of year
|
|
|
393,044 |
|
|
|
360,102 |
|
|
|
158,504 |
|
Unamortized
stock award
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(825 |
) |
|
|
(882 |
) |
Issuance
of stock awards
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(603 |
) |
Amortization
of stock awards
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
660 |
|
Reclassification
of unearned compensation pursuant to the adoption of SFAS No.
123(R)
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
825 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Balance
at end of year
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(825 |
) |
Treasury
stock, at cost:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year
|
|
|
(170 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Purchase
of treasury shares
|
|
|
(646 |
) |
|
|
(66,319 |
) |
|
|
(7,879 |
) |
Retirement
of treasury shares
|
|
|
646 |
|
|
|
66,319 |
|
|
|
7,879 |
|
Non-employee
directors' deferred compensation plan
|
|
|
(56 |
) |
|
|
(170 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Balance
at end of year
|
|
|
(226 |
) |
|
|
(170 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Total
shareholders' equity
|
|
$ |
395,526 |
|
|
$ |
360,144 |
|
|
$ |
188,265 |
|
See accompanying Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows
(in
thousands)
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Cash
flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
33,209 |
|
|
$ |
237,772 |
|
|
$ |
41,452 |
|
Adjustments
to net income to reconcile to net cash provided by operating
activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
income taxes
|
|
|
12,201 |
|
|
|
86,431 |
|
|
|
3,351 |
|
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
|
70,844 |
|
|
|
33,735 |
|
|
|
21,116 |
|
Amortization
of debt issuance costs
|
|
|
394 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Impairment
of oil and gas properties
|
|
|
1,485 |
|
|
|
1,519 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Accretion
of asset retirement obligation
|
|
|
999 |
|
|
|
515 |
|
|
|
465 |
|
Exploratory
dry hole costs
|
|
|
1,775 |
|
|
|
1,790 |
|
|
|
11,115 |
|
Gain
from sale of leaseholds
|
|
|
(33,291 |
) |
|
|
(328,000 |
) |
|
|
(7,669 |
) |
(Gain)
loss from sale of assets
|
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
(207 |
) |
Expired
and abandoned leases
|
|
|
1,786 |
|
|
|
2,169 |
|
|
|
48 |
|
Stock
based compensation
|
|
|
2,286 |
|
|
|
1,516 |
|
|
|
660 |
|
Unrealized
losses (gains) on derivative transactions
|
|
|
4,642 |
|
|
|
(7,620 |
) |
|
|
3,226 |
|
Excess
tax benefits from stock-based compensation
|
|
|
(673 |
) |
|
|
(70 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Changes
in current assets and liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Increase)
decrease in restricted cash
|
|
|
(14,254 |
) |
|
|
982 |
|
|
|
(836 |
) |
(Increase)
in accounts receivable
|
|
|
(16,456 |
) |
|
|
(9,935 |
) |
|
|
(11,811 |
) |
(Increase)
in accounts receivable - affiliates
|
|
|
(2,302 |
) |
|
|
(194 |
) |
|
|
(5,319 |
) |
Decrease
(increase) in inventories
|
|
|
1,285 |
|
|
|
1,987 |
|
|
|
(3,398 |
) |
Decrease
(increase) in other current assets
|
|
|
4,839 |
|
|
|
(2,106 |
) |
|
|
3,482 |
|
Increase
(decrease) in production tax liability
|
|
|
10,802 |
|
|
|
(261 |
) |
|
|
3,317 |
|
(Decrease)
increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses
|
|
|
(10,869 |
) |
|
|
13,010 |
|
|
|
19,440 |
|
(Decrease)
increase in accounts payable - affiliates
|
|
|
(3,099 |
) |
|
|
6,116 |
|
|
|
112 |
|
Increase
in advances for future drilling contracts
|
|
|
13,645 |
|
|
|
4,773 |
|
|
|
7,502 |
|
(Decrease)
increase in federal and state income taxes payable
|
|
|
(27,124 |
) |
|
|
19,950 |
|
|
|
8,473 |
|
Increase
(decrease) in funds held for future distribution
|
|
|
7,488 |
|
|
|
(575 |
) |
|
|
18,505 |
|
Other
|
|
|
723 |
|
|
|
3,877 |
|
|
|
(652 |
) |
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
60,304 |
|
|
|
67,390 |
|
|
|
112,372 |
|
Cash
flows from investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital
expenditures
|
|
|
(238,988 |
) |
|
|
(146,180 |
) |
|
|
(97,390 |
) |
Acquisition
of oil and gas properties, net of cash acquired
|
|
|
(255,661 |
) |
|
|
(18,512 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Investment
in drilling partnerships
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(7,151 |
) |
|
|
(7,160 |
) |
Exploration
costs
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(765 |
) |
|
|
(1,918 |
) |
Decrease
(increase) in restricted/designated cash
|
|
|
191,156 |
|
|
|
(192,416 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Proceeds
from sale of leases to partnerships
|
|
|
1,371 |
|
|
|
1,798 |
|
|
|
2,829 |
|
Proceeds
from sale of leaseholds/assets
|
|
|
34,701 |
|
|
|
353,600 |
|
|
|
9,597 |
|
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(267,421 |
) |
|
|
(9,626 |
) |
|
|
(94,042 |
) |
Cash
flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds
from debt
|
|
|
352,000 |
|
|
|
302,000 |
|
|
|
91,000 |
|
Proceeds
from short-term debt
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Payment
of long-term debt
|
|
|
(254,000 |
) |
|
|
(209,000 |
) |
|
|
(88,000 |
) |
Payment
of debt issuance costs
|
|
|
(1,468 |
) |
|
|
(160 |
) |
|
|
(423 |
) |
Proceeds
from issuance of stock
|
|
|
183 |
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
Excess
tax benefits from stock-based compensation
|
|
|
673 |
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Minority
interest investment
|
|
|
800 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Purchase
of treasury stock
|
|
|
(646 |
) |
|
|
(66,489 |
) |
|
|
(7,879 |
) |
Net
cash provided by (used in) financing activities
|
|
|
97,542 |
|
|
|
46,452 |
|
|
|
(5,290 |
) |
Net
(decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
(109,575 |
) |
|
|
104,216 |
|
|
|
13,040 |
|
Cash
and cash equivalents, beginning of period
|
|
|
194,326 |
|
|
|
90,110 |
|
|
|
77,070 |
|
Cash
and cash equivalents, end of period
|
|
$ |
84,751 |
|
|
$ |
194,326 |
|
|
$ |
90,110 |
|
See accompanying Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Supplemental
Cash Flow information See Note 18.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE
1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
General
Petroleum
Development Corporation ("PDC," "we," "us" or "the Company") is an independent
energy company engaged primarily in the drilling and development, production and
marketing of natural gas and oil. Since we began oil and gas
operations in 1969, we have grown primarily through drilling and development
activities, the acquisition of producing natural gas and oil wells and the
expansion of our natural gas marketing activities. As of December 31,
2007, we operate approximately 4,354 wells located in the Appalachian Basin,
Michigan Basin, and the Rocky Mountain Region. All of our oil and gas
wells are located in West Virginia, Tennessee, Pennsylvania, Michigan, North
Dakota, Colorado, Kansas, Texas and Wyoming. Our operations are
divided into four business segments: oil and gas sales, natural gas marketing,
oil and gas well drilling operations and well operations and pipeline
income. See Note 17.
Principles of
Consolidation
The
consolidated financial statements of PDC include the accounts of our wholly
owned subsidiaries and WWWV, LLC, an entity in which we have a controlling
financial interest. All material intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. We account for
our investment in interests in oil and gas limited partnerships under the
proportionate consolidation method. Under this method, our
consolidated financial statements include our investments in the partnerships
recorded by our working interest in each well thereby accumulating our pro rata
share of assets, liabilities and revenues and expenses respectively of the
limited partnerships in which we participate. Our proportionate share
of all significant transactions between us and the limited partnerships is
eliminated.
Cash
Equivalents
For
purposes of the statement of cash flows, we consider all highly liquid debt
instruments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash
equivalents.
Restricted
and Designated Cash
In July
2006, we established a trust in the amount of $300 million with a qualified
intermediary in conjunction with our sale of undeveloped leaseholds and
corresponding "like-kind exchange" agreement. As of December 31,
2006, $300 million remained in the trust, with $109 million reflected in cash
and cash equivalents as a current asset in our consolidated balance sheet and
the remaining $191 million reflected as designated cash – property acquisitions,
a non-current asset. The $191 million represented the amounts paid in
January 2007 for the acquisition of oil and gas properties qualifying for
"like-kind exchange" treatment. Interest earned on the trust account
in 2006 of $5.5 million along with the $109 million not utilized for "like-kind
exchange" purchases, is reflected in cash and cash equivalents, a current asset,
at December 31, 2006, which was available to us for operating purposes in
January 2007 and is no longer subject to a "like-kind exchange." We
terminated the trust in January 2007 following the acquisitions of suitable
like-kind properties, see Note 2.
In
December 2006, we had paid a deposit of $0.5 million, reflected in our
consolidated balance sheet as designated cash, a non-current asset, for the
acquisition of oil and gas properties subsequently closed in January
2007.
In June
2007, we funded an escrow account in the amount of $14.1 million for amounts due
to the limited partners of our sponsored drilling partnerships as a result of us
over withholding estimated production taxes in years prior to 2007, which is
included, along with interest earned of $0.4 million, in restricted cash,
current, in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2007.
We are
required to maintain margin deposits with brokers for outstanding derivative
contracts. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, cash in the amount of
$0.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively, was on deposit and reflected in our
consolidated balance sheets as restricted cash, a current asset.
We are
required by various government agencies or joint venture agreements to maintain
a bond or cash account for the plugging and abandonment of wells. As
of December 31, 2007 and 2006, we had bonds in the form of certificates of
deposit for plugging and abandonment of wells totaling $1.3 million and $1
million, respectively, which are reflected in restricted/designated cash, a
non-current asset.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Inventories
Materials,
supplies and commodity inventories are stated at the lower of average cost or
market and removed at carrying value.
Derivative
Financial Instruments
We
account for derivative financial instruments in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities, as amended.
During
2007, 2006 and 2005, none of our derivative instruments qualified for use of
hedge accounting under the terms of SFAS No. 133. Accordingly, we
recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on our
consolidated balance sheets at fair value, and changes in the derivatives' fair
values are recorded in our consolidated statements of income in oil and gas
price risk management, net for our oil and gas commodities (derivatives related
to our production only), in gas sales from marketing activities for RNG’s gas
sales, in cost of gas marketing activities for RNG’s gas
purchases. See Note 15.
In our
consolidated balance sheets, we record the fair value of derivatives entered
into on behalf of the affiliated partnerships and records an offsetting
receivable from or payable to the partnerships. See Note 15.
Properties
and Equipment
Oil
and Gas Properties.
We
account for our oil and gas properties under the successful efforts method of
accounting. Costs of proved developed producing properties,
successful exploratory wells and development dry hole costs are capitalized and
depreciated or depleted by the unit-of-production method based on estimated
proved developed producing oil and natural gas reserves. Property
acquisition costs are depreciated or depleted on the unit-of-production method
based on estimated proved oil and gas reserves.
Our
estimates of proved reserves are based on quantities of oil and natural gas that
engineering and geological analysis demonstrates, with reasonable certainty, to
be recoverable from established reservoirs in the future under current operating
and economic conditions. Annually, we engage independent petroleum
engineers to prepare a reserve and economic evaluation of all our properties on
a well-by-well basis as of December 31. Additionally, we adjust our
oil and gas reserves for major acquisitions, new drilling and divestitures
during the year as needed. The process of estimating and evaluating
oil and natural gas reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions in the
evaluation of available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic
data. The data for a given property may also change substantially
over time as a result of numerous factors, including additional development
activity, evolving production history and a continual reassessment of the
viability of production under changing economic conditions. As a
result, revisions in existing reserve estimates occur from time to
time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure that reserve
estimates reported represent our most accurate assessments possible, the
subjective decisions and variances in available data for various properties
increase the likelihood of significant changes in these
estimates. Because estimates of reserves significantly affect our
depreciation, depletion and amortization ("DD&A") expense, a change in our
estimated reserves could have an effect on our net income.
Exploration
costs, including geological and geophysical expenses and delay rentals, are
charged to expense as incurred. Exploratory well drilling costs,
including the cost of stratigraphic test wells, are initially capitalized but
charged to expense if the well is determined to be nonproductive. The
status of each in-progress well is reviewed quarterly to determine the proper
accounting treatment under the successful efforts method of
accounting. Exploratory well costs continue to be capitalized as long
as the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify our
completion as a producing well and we are making sufficient progress assessing
our reserves and economic and operating viability. If an in-progress
exploratory well is found to be unsuccessful (referred to as a dry hole) prior
to the issuance of the financial statements, the costs are expensed to
exploration costs. If we are unable to make a final determination
about the productive status of a well prior to issuance of the financial
statements, the well is classified as “suspended well costs” until we have had
sufficient time to conduct additional completion or testing operations to
evaluate the pertinent geological and engineering data obtained. At
the time when we are able to make a final determination of a well’s productive
status, the well is removed from the suspended well status and the proper
accounting treatment is recorded. At December 31, 2007, suspended
well costs included in oil and gas properties on our accompanying consolidated
financial statements was $2.3 million. See Note 4.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The
acquisition costs of unproved properties are capitalized when incurred, until
such properties are transferred to proved properties or charged to expense when
expired, impaired or amortized. Unproved oil and gas properties with
individually significant acquisition costs are periodically assessed, and any
impairment in value is charged to exploratory expense. The amount of
impairment recognized on unproved properties which are not individually
significant is determined by amortizing the costs of such properties within
appropriate fields based on our historical experience, acquisition dates and
average lease terms. In 2007, the aggregate impairment resulting from
individually significant unproved properties and insignificant unproved
properties was $1.5 million (which includes the liquidated damages of $1.1
million related to the abandonment of an exploration agreement with an
unaffiliated party) and $1.8 million, respectively. In 2006, the
impairment resulting from individually significant unproved properties and
insignificant unproved properties was $0.5 million and $0.2 million,
respectively. In 2005, impairment charges for individually
significant and insignificant unproved properties were
immaterial. These impairment costs are included in the statements of
income as a component of exploration cost. The valuation of unproved
properties is subjective and requires us to make estimates and assumptions
which, with the passage of time, may prove to be materially different from
actual realizable values.
In
accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, we assess our oil and gas properties for
possible impairment quarterly by comparing net capitalized costs to estimated
undiscounted future net cash flows on a field-by-field basis using estimated
production based upon prices at which we reasonably estimate the commodity to be
sold. The estimates of future prices may differ from current market
prices of oil and natural gas. Any downward revisions in estimates to
our reserve quantities, expectations of falling commodity prices or rising
operating costs could result in a reduction in undiscounted future net cash
flows and an impairment of our oil and gas properties. If net
capitalized costs exceed undiscounted future net cash flows, the measurement of
impairment is based on estimated fair value which would consider future
discounted cash flows. We recognized impairment losses on proved oil
and gas properties of $1.5 million in 2006 in our Nesson Field in North Dakota,
which is included in the statements of income as a component of exploration
cost. No impairments were recorded in 2007 or 2005.
Upon sale
or retirement of significant portions of or complete fields of depreciable or
depletable property, the net book value thereof, less proceeds or salvage value,
is credited or charged to income. Upon sale of individual wells, the
proceeds are credited to property costs.
Other
Property and Equipment.
Transportation Equipment, Pipelines
and Other Equipment. Transportation equipment, pipelines and
other equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation is provided
principally on the straight-line method over the assets estimated useful
lives. In accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or
Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, long-lived assets, such as property, plant
and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured
by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted
future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the
carrying amount of an asset exceeds our estimated future cash flows, an
impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of
the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. No impairments were
recorded in 2007, 2006, or 2005.
Maintenance
and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Major renewals and
improvements are capitalized. Upon the sale or other disposition of
assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation, depletion and
amortization are removed from the accounts, the proceeds are applied thereto and
any resulting gain or loss is reflected in income.
Buildings. Buildings
are carried at cost and depreciated on the straight-line method over their
estimated useful lives.
The
following table sets forth the estimated useful lives of our other property and
equipment.
Pipelines
and related facilities
|
|
10
- 17 years
|
Transportation
and other equipment
|
|
3 -
20 years
|
Buildings
|
|
30
- 40 years
|
Total
depreciation expense related to other property and equipment was $4.3 million,
$2 million and $2 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Capitalized
Interest
Interest
costs are capitalized as part of the historical cost of acquiring
assets. Oil and gas investments in unproved properties and major
development projects, on which DD&A expense is not currently recorded and on
which exploration or development activities are in progress, qualify for
capitalization of interest. Major construction projects also qualify
for interest capitalization until the asset is ready for
service. Capitalized interest is calculated by multiplying our
weighted-average interest rate on our debt by the qualifying
costs. Interest capitalized may not exceed gross interest expense for
the period. As the qualifying asset is moved to the DD&A pool,
the related capitalized interest is also transferred and is amortized over the
useful life of the asset. Interest costs of $3 million and $1.6
million were capitalized for the year 2007 and 2006, respectively. No
interest costs were capitalized during 2005.
Production
Tax Liability
Production
tax liability represents estimated taxes, primarily severance and property, to
be paid to the states and counties in which we produce oil and
gas. Our share of these taxes is expensed to oil and gas production
and well operations cost.
Advances
for Future Drilling Contracts
Advances
for future drilling contracts represent funds received from our sponsored
drilling partnerships for drilling activities which have not been completed, a
portion of which will be recognized as revenue in accordance with our revenue
recognition policies.
Income
Taxes
We
account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. We
recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences
attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of
existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax
bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted
tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The
effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is
recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment
date. If we determine that it is more likely than not that some
portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, we record a
valuation allowance thereby reducing the deferred tax assets to what we consider
realizable. No valuation allowance was recorded at December 31, 2007
or 2006.
Asset
Retirement Obligations
We
account for asset retirement obligations by recording the fair value of our
plugging and abandonment obligations when incurred, which is at the time the
well is completely drilled. Upon initial recognition of an asset
retirement obligation, we increase the carrying amount of the long-lived asset
by the same amount as the liability. Over time, the liabilities are
accreted for the change in their present value, through charges to oil and gas
production and well operations costs. The initial capitalized costs
are depleted over the useful lives of the related assets, through charges to
depreciation, depletion and amortization. If the fair value of the
estimated asset retirement obligation changes, an adjustment is recorded to both
the asset retirement obligation and the asset retirement
cost. Revisions in estimated liabilities can result from revisions of
estimated inflation rates, escalating retirement costs and changes in the
estimated timing of settling asset retirement obligations. See Note 7 for a
reconciliation of asset retirement obligation activity.
Minority
Interest in Consolidated Limited Liability Company
In May
2007, we contributed $0.8 million for a 50% interest in WWWV, LLC ("LLC"), a
limited liability company for which we serve as the managing
member. One-sixth of the entity is owned by the Chief Executive
Officer of our Company, who paid the same unit price for his interest as was
paid by us and unrelated third parties for such interests in the
LLC. The LLC's only asset is an aircraft and the LLC was formed for
the purpose of owning and operating the aircraft.
The
minority interest portion of pre-tax expense incurred by and belonging to the
minority interest holders of the consolidated limited liability company is not
material and included in our consolidated statement of income as an offset to
DD&A expense.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Retirement
of Treasury Shares
We
have historically retired all treasury share purchases, with the exception of
shares purchased in accordance with our non-employee deferred compensation plan
for non-employee directors, see Note 9. As
treasury shares are retired, we charge any excess of cost over the par value
entirely to additional paid-in-capital, to the extent we have amounts in
paid-in-capital, with any remaining excess cost being charged to retained
earnings.
Revenue
Recognition
Oil and natural gas
sales. Sales of oil are recognized when persuasive evidence of
a sales arrangement exists, the oil is verified as produced and is delivered to
a purchaser, collection of revenue from the sale is reasonably assured and the
sales price is determinable. We are currently able to sell all the
oil that we can produce under existing sales contracts with petroleum refiners
and marketers. We do not refine any of our oil
production. Our crude oil production is sold to purchasers at or near
our wells under short-term purchase contracts at prices and in accordance with
arrangements that are customary in the oil industry.
Sales of
natural gas are recognized when natural gas has been delivered to a custody
transfer point, persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement exists, the rights
and responsibility of ownership pass to the purchaser upon delivery, collection
of revenue from the sale is reasonably assured and the sales price is fixed or
determinable. Natural gas is sold by us under contracts with terms
ranging from one month to three years. Virtually all of our contract
pricing provisions are tied to a market index, with certain adjustments based
on, among other factors, whether a well delivers to a gathering or transmission
line, quality of natural gas and prevailing supply and demand conditions, so
that the price of the natural gas fluctuates to remain competitive with other
available natural gas supplies. As a result, our revenues from the
sale of natural gas will suffer if market prices decline and benefit if they
increase. We believe that the pricing provisions of our natural gas
contracts are customary in the industry.
We
currently use the "net-back" method of accounting for transportation
arrangements of our natural gas sales. We sell gas at the wellhead
and collect a price and recognize revenues based on the wellhead sales price
since transportation costs downstream of the wellhead are incurred by the
customers and reflected in the wellhead price.
Natural gas marketing
activities. Natural gas marketing is reported on the gross
accounting method, based on the nature of the agreements between RNG, our
suppliers and our customers. RNG, our marketing subsidiary, purchases
gas from many small producers and bundles the gas together to sell in larger
amounts to purchasers of natural gas for a price advantage. RNG has
latitude in establishing price and discretion in supplier and purchaser
selection. Natural gas marketing revenues and expenses reflect the
full cost and revenue of those transactions because RNG takes title to the gas
it purchases from the various producers and bears the risks and rewards of that
ownership. Both the realized and unrealized gains and losses of the
RNG commodity based derivative transactions for natural gas marketing activities
are included in gas sales from marketing activities or cost of gas marketing
activities, as applicable.
Oil and gas well drilling
operations. Our drilling segment recognizes revenue from
drilling contracts with sponsored drilling programs using the percentage of
completion method based upon the percentage of contract costs incurred to date
to the estimated total contract costs for each contract. We utilize
this method since reasonably dependable estimates of the total estimated costs
can be made and recognized revenues are subject to revisions as a contract
progresses, the term of which can range from three to twelve
months. In addition, we offer our drilling services under two types
of contractual arrangements, cost-plus or footage-based service contracts, which
result in differing risk and reward relationships, and consequently, different
revenue reporting policies pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") Issue
No. 99-19, Reporting Revenue
Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent.
The first
cost-plus drilling service arrangement was entered into in late 2005 with
drilling activity commencing in the first quarter of 2006. Due to the
fixed-fee-percentage nature of our revenues from these services, we have
determined that, in substance, we are acting as an agent, without risk of loss
during the performance of the drilling activities. Accordingly, our
services provided under the cost-plus drilling agreements are reported on a net
basis. We entered into our second and third cost-plus drilling
arrangements in September 2006 and August 2007 and commenced drilling
immediately.
Footage-based
contracts provide for the drilling, completion and equipping of wells at footage
rates and are generally completed within nine to twelve months after the
commencement of drilling. We provide geological, engineering, and
drilling supervision on the drilling and completion process and use
subcontractors to perform drilling and completion services and accordingly has
the risk of loss in performing services under these
arrangements. Accordingly, we report revenue under these agreements
gross of related expenses. Anticipated losses, if any, on uncompleted
contracts are recorded at the time that the estimated total costs exceed the
estimated total contract revenue. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the
loss contract reserve was $0.2 million and $0.3 million,
respectively.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Well operations and pipeline
income. Well operations and pipeline income are recognized
when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services have been rendered,
collection of revenues is reasonably assured and the sales price is fixed or
determinable. We are paid a monthly operating fee for each well we
operate for outside owners including the limited partnerships we
sponsored. The fee covers monthly operating and accounting costs,
insurance and other recurring costs. We may also receive additional
compensation for special non-recurring activities, such as reworks and
recompletions.
Stock-Based
Compensation
Effective
January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment (revised
2004). We elected the modified prospective method of adoption,
and accordingly, prior period financial statements have not been
restated. Pursuant to SFAS No. 123R we are required to recognize in
our financial statements, based on fair value, compensation expense for all
unvested stock options and other equity-based awards as of January 1,
2006. For all unvested options outstanding as of January 1, 2006 the
previously measured but unrecognized compensation expense, based on the fair
value at the original grant date, will be recognized in the financial statements
over the remaining requisite service period for each separately vesting
portion. For equity-based compensation awards granted or modified
subsequent to January 1, 2006, compensation expense, based on the fair value on
the date of grant or modification, will be recognized in the financial
statements on a straight-line basis over the vesting period for the entire
award. To the extent compensation cost relates to employees directly
involved in oil and natural gas acquisition, exploration and development
activities, such amounts are capitalized to properties and
equipment. Amounts not capitalized to properties and equipment are
recognized in the appropriate cost and expense line item in the statement of
income. For the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we recognized
stock-based compensation expense of $2.3 million and $1.5 million related to
stock awards, respectively. Compensation capitalized as part of
properties and equipment was immaterial in 2007 and 2006.
For
periods prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), we accounted for
our share-based compensation awards using the intrinsic value based method as
prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion ("APB") No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees, and related interpretations. Under the intrinsic
value based method, compensation expense for option awards was recorded on the
date of grant only if the then-current market price of the underlying stock
exceeded the exercise price. The following table illustrates the
effect on net income and earnings per share had we applied the fair value
recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), as amended, to stock-based employee
compensation during 2005 (in thousands, except per share data):
|
|
Year
ended December 31, 2005
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except
per share data)
|
|
Net
income, as reported:
|
|
$ |
41,452 |
|
Stock-based
compensation expense included in reported net income, net of
tax
|
|
|
414 |
|
Total
stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value method
for all awards, net of tax
|
|
|
(509 |
) |
Pro
forma net income
|
|
$ |
41,357 |
|
Earnings
per share:
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
earnings per share, as reported and pro forma
|
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
earnings per share, as reported and pro forma
|
|
$ |
2.52 |
|
Earnings
Per Share
Our basic
earnings per share ("EPS") amounts have been computed based on the average
number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted
EPS amounts include the effect of our outstanding stock options, unamortized
portion of restricted stock and shares held pursuant to our non-employee
director deferred compensation plan using the treasury stock method if including
such potential shares of common stock is dilutive. See Note 12.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Use
of Estimates
The
preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America
requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported
in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying
notes. Actual results could differ from those
estimates. Estimates which are particularly significant to our
consolidated financial statements include estimates of oil and gas reserves,
future cash flows from oil and gas properties, valuation of derivative
instruments and valuation of deferred income tax assets.
Fair
Value of Financial Instruments
The
carrying values of our receivables, payables and debt obligations approximate
fair value as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, due to the short-term maturity of
these instruments.
Recent
Accounting Standards
Recently Adopted Accounting
Standards
In
December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No.
123(R), Share-Based
Payment. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission
(“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107, Share-Based Payment,
regarding the interaction between SFAS No. 123(R) and certain SEC rules and
regulations. Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R).
We elected to use the modified prospective method for adoption, which requires
compensation expense to be recognized in the statement of income for all
unvested stock options and other equity-based compensation beginning in the
first quarter of adoption. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R),
we followed the intrinsic value method in accordance with APB No. 25 (as
amended) to account for employee stock-based compensation. The
adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) required the unamortized stock award recorded under
APB No. 25 related to stock-based compensation awards as of January 1, 2006, in
the amount of $0.8 million to be eliminated against additional
paid-in-capital. See Stock-Based Compensation policy above and Note 9
for further discussion of the Company's accounting for share-based compensation
awards.
In
September 2006, the SEC issued SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior
Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial
Statements. SAB No. 108 provides guidance on how the effects
of prior year misstatements should be considered in quantifying misstatements in
the current year financial statements. SAB No. 108 requires
registrants to quantify misstatements using both the income statement
(“rollover”) and balance sheet (“iron curtain”) approach and evaluate whether
either approach results in a misstatement that, when all relevant quantitative
and qualitative factors are considered, is material. Historically, we
evaluated uncorrected misstatements using the “rollover” method which resulted
in an accumulation of quantitatively and qualitatively immaterial misstatements
to our consolidated financial statements. SAB No. 108 provides for a
one time transitional adjustment to retained earnings for errors which were not
deemed material to prior year financial statements, but which is material under
guidance of SAB No. 108. We adopted SAB No. 108 during the fourth
quarter of 2006 and recorded a one time adjustment to reduce retained earnings
by $1.0 million.
In June
2006, the FASB issued EITF No. 06-3, How Taxes Collected from Customers
and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should be Presented in the Income
Statement (That Is, Gross versus Net Presentation). EITF 06-3
addresses the income statement presentation of any tax collected from customers
and remitted to a government authority and concludes that the presentation of
taxes on either a gross basis or a net basis is an accounting policy decision
that should be disclosed pursuant to APB No. 22, Disclosures of Accounting
Policies. For taxes that are reported on a gross basis
(included in revenues and costs), EITF 06-3 requires disclosure of the amounts
of those taxes in interim and annual financial statements, if those amounts are
significant. EITF 06-3 became effective for interim and annual
reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2006. The adoption of
the standard, effective January 1, 2007, did not have a significant effect on
our consolidated financial statements. Our existing accounting
policy, which was not changed upon the adoption of EITF 06-3, is to present
taxes within the scope of EITF 06-3 on a net basis.
In July
2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation ("FIN") No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement 109, which prescribes a
comprehensive model for accounting for uncertainty in tax
positions. FIN No. 48 provides that the tax effects from an uncertain
tax position can be recognized in the financial statements, only if the position
is more likely than not of being sustained on audit by the Internal Revenue
Service ("IRS"), based on the technical merits of the position. The
provisions of FIN No. 48 became effective for us on January 1,
2007. The cumulative effect of applying the provisions of FIN No. 48
has been accounted for as an adjustment to retained earnings in the first
quarter of 2007. The adoption of FIN No. 48 resulted in a $0.3
million cumulative effect adjustment (see Note 6 for further
discussion).
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
In May
2007, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FIN No. 48-1, Definition of Settlement in FASB
Interpretation No. 48 ("FIN No. 48-1"). FIN No. 48-1 amends
FIN No. 48 to provide guidance on how an entity should determine whether a tax
position is effectively settled for the purpose of recognizing previously
unrecognized tax benefits. The term "effectively settled" replaces
the term "ultimately settled" when used to describe recognition, and the terms
"settlement" or "settled" replace the terms "ultimate settlement" or "ultimately
settled" when used to describe measurement of a tax position under FIN No.
48. FIN No. 48-1 clarifies that a tax position can be effectively
settled upon the completion of an examination by a taxing authority without
being legally extinguished. For tax positions considered effectively
settled, an entity would recognize the full amount of tax benefit, even if the
tax position is not considered more likely than not to be sustained based solely
on the basis of its technical merits and the statute of limitations remains
open. The adoption of FIN No. 48-1, effective January 1, 2007, did
not have an incremental effect on our consolidated financial
statements.
Recently Issued Accounting
Standards
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Accounting for Fair Value
Measurements. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a
framework for measuring fair value within generally accepted accounting
principles and expands required disclosure about fair value
measurements. SFAS No. 157 does not expand the use of fair value in
any new circumstances. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial
statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15,
2007. However, on February 12, 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff
Position ("FSP") FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No.
157, which delayed the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all
nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring
basis (at least annually). This FSP partially defers the effective
date of SFAS No. 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and
interim periods within those fiscal years for items within the scope of this
FSP. Effective January 1, 2008, we will adopt SFAS No. 157 except as
it applies to those nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities as noted in
FSP FAS 157-b. We are evaluating the effect that these new standards
will have, if any, on our consolidated financial statements when
adopted.
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial
Assets and Financial Liabilities. SFAS No. 159 permits
entities to choose to measure, at fair value, many financial instruments and
certain other items that are not currently required to be measured at fair
value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing
entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused
by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply
complex hedge accounting provisions. SFAS No. 159 establishes
presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons
between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types
of assets and liabilities. The statement will be effective as of the
beginning of an entity's first fiscal year beginning after November 15,
2007. We are evaluating the effect that SFAS No. 159 will have, if
any, in our consolidated financial statements when it is adopted in
2008.
In April
2007, the FASB issued FSP FIN No. 39-1, Amendment of FASB Interpretation No.
39 ("FIN No. 39-1'), to amend certain portions of Interpretation
39. FIN No. 39-1 replaces the terms "conditional contracts" and
"exchange contracts" in Interpretation 39 with the term "derivative instruments"
as defined in Statement 133. FIN No. 39-1 also amends Interpretation
39 to allow for the offsetting of fair value amounts for the right to reclaim
cash collateral or receivable, or the obligation to return cash collateral or
payable, arising from the same master netting arrangement as the derivative
instruments. FIN No. 39-1 applies to fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating
the effect that FIN No. 39-1 will have, if any, on our consolidated financial
statements when adopted in 2008.
In
December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations ("SFAS
No. 141R"), which replaces FASB Statement No. 141. SFAS No. 141R
establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and
measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the
liabilities assumed, any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the
goodwill acquired. This statement also establishes disclosure
requirements which will enable users to evaluate the nature and financial
effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141R is effective as of
the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year beginning after December 15,
2008. We are evaluating the potential effect that the adoption of
SFAS No. 141R will have, if any, on our consolidated financial statements when
adopted in 2008.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Non-controlling Interests in
Consolidated Financial Statement—An Amendments of ARB No. 51 ("SFAS No.
160"). SFAS No. 160 states that accounting and reporting for minority
interests will be recharacterized as non-controlling interests and classified as
a component of equity. Additionally, SFAS No. 160 establishes
reporting requirements that provide sufficient disclosures which clearly
identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests
of the non-controlling owners. SFAS No. 160 is effective as of the
beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after December 15,
2008. We are currently evaluating the potential effect that the
adoption of SFAS No. 160 will have, if any, on our consolidated financial
statements.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
NOTE
2 – ACQUISITIONS
2007
Acquisitions
Acquisition
of Internal Revenue Code Section 1031 – Like-Kind Exchange
Properties
During
the first quarter of 2007, we completed the acquisition of suitable like-kind
properties in accordance with the like-kind exchange ("LKE") agreement we
entered into in connection with our sale of undeveloped leaseholds located in
Grand Valley Field, Garfield County, Colorado in July 2006. We
acquired, for cash, qualifying oil and gas properties totaling $188.9 million,
including costs of acquisition, as described below.
EXCO
Properties. On January 5, 2007, we completed the purchase of
producing properties and undeveloped drilling locations and acreage in the
Wattenberg Field of the DJ Basin, Colorado from EXCO Resources Inc., an
unaffiliated party. The acquisition included substantially all of
EXCO’s assets in the area and encompassed 144 oil and natural gas wells
(approximating 25.5 Bcfe proved developed reserves as of December 31, 2005) and
8,160 acres of leasehold interests. The wells and leases acquired are
located in Weld, Adams, Larimer, and Broomfield Counties,
Colorado. We operate the assets and hold a majority working interest
in the properties.
Company Sponsored
Partnerships. On January 10, 2007, we completed the purchase
of the remaining working interests in 44 of our sponsored
partnerships. The transaction resulted in an increase in our
ownership in 718 gross (423 net) wells that we currently operate. The
wells are located primarily in the Appalachian Basin and Michigan.
The
following table presents the adjusted purchase price for the like-kind exchange
property acquisitions described above as of December 31, 2007.
|
|
EXCO
|
|
|
Partnerships
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
consideration paid
|
|
$ |
128,672 |
|
|
$ |
57,776 |
|
Plus:
direct costs of acquisition
|
|
|
1,662 |
|
|
|
1,664 |
|
Less:
acquisition cost adjustments
|
|
|
(119 |
) |
|
|
(2,792 |
) |
Total acquisition
cost
|
|
$ |
130,215 |
|
|
$ |
56,648 |
|
The
following table presents, as of the respective date of acquisition, the final
allocations of the purchase prices based on estimates of fair
value.
|
|
EXCO
|
|
|
Partnerships
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
assets acquired
|
|
$ |
91 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
Proved
oil and gas properties
|
|
|
117,099 |
|
|
|
45,813 |
|
Unproved
oil and gas properties
|
|
|
14,960 |
|
|
|
13,268 |
|
Asset
retirement obligation
|
|
|
(422 |
) |
|
|
(2,433 |
) |
Other
liabilities assumed
|
|
|
(1,513 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
Preliminary
acquisition cost
|
|
$ |
130,215 |
|
|
$ |
56,648 |
|
The
assessment of fair value of proved oil and gas properties acquired was based
primarily on projections of expected discounted future cash flows of acquired
oil and natural gas reserves. To compensate for the inherent risk of
estimating and valuing unproved properties, the discounted future net revenues
of probable reserves were reduced by additional risk-weighting factors in that
valuation.
Other. In January
2007, we acquired from unaffiliated parties other like-kind undeveloped
leaseholds in Erath County, Texas for $2.1 million, including costs of
acquisition. Acreage in this area is prospective for development of
oil and natural gas reserves in the Barnett Shale.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Other
Acquisitions
On
February 22, 2007, we acquired, from an unaffiliated party, 28 producing wells
and associated undeveloped acreage located in Colorado (Wattenberg Field) for a
purchase price of $12 million, which was allocated to oil and gas
properties.
On
October 30, 2007, with an effective date of October 1, 2007, we purchased from
unrelated parties, Castle Gas Company, et.al., a majority working interest in
762 natural gas wells located in southwestern Pennsylvania for approximately $54
million. We estimated that the acquisition included approximately 47
Bcfe of reserves, or 31 Bcfe of proved reserves and 16 Bcfe of unproved
reserves. The purchase also included associated pipelines, equipment,
real estate and undeveloped acreage.
The
following table presents the adjusted purchase price for the Castle acquisition
described above as of December 31, 2007.
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
consideration paid
|
|
$ |
53,041 |
|
Plus:
direct costs of acquisition
|
|
|
443 |
|
Plus:
acquisition cost adjustments
|
|
|
583 |
|
Total acquisition
cost
|
|
$ |
54,067 |
|
The
following table presents, as of the respective date of acquisition, the final
preliminary allocation of the purchase price based on estimates of fair
value.
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
assets acquired
|
|
$ |
185 |
|
Proved
oil and gas properties
|
|
|
55,778 |
|
Unproved
oil and gas properties
|
|
|
217 |
|
Real
estate and equipment, and other assets
|
|
|
2,115 |
|
Non
current assets
|
|
|
783 |
|
Asset
retirement obligation
|
|
|
(4,043 |
) |
Other
liabilities assumed
|
|
|
(968 |
) |
Preliminary
acquisition cost
|
|
$ |
54,067 |
|
The
assessment of fair value of proved oil and gas properties acquired was based
primarily on projections of expected discounted future cash flows of acquired
oil and natural gas reserves. To compensate for the inherent risk of
estimating and valuing unproved properties, the discounted future net revenues
of probable reserves were reduced by additional risk-weighting factors in that
valuation.
Pro
Forma Financial Information
The
results of operations for all of the above acquisitions have been included in
our consolidated financial statements from the dates of
acquisition. The pro forma effect of the inclusion in our
consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2007, of the
results of operations for the January and February 2007 acquisitions described
above, individually and in the aggregate, was not material.
The
following unaudited pro forma financial information presents a summary of our
consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006, assuming the acquisitions of the EXCO properties, our sponsored
partnerships and the Castle properties had been completed as of January 1, 2006,
including adjustments to reflect the allocation of the purchase price to the
acquired net assets. The pro forma effect of the inclusion of the
results of operations for all of the other acquisitions described above,
individually and in the aggregate, was not material.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
revenues
|
|
$ |
310,351 |
|
|
$ |
315,492 |
|
Net
income
|
|
|
34,571 |
|
|
|
243,105 |
|
Earnings
per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
2.34 |
|
|
$ |
15.52 |
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
2.33 |
|
|
$ |
15.44 |
|
The pro
forma results of operations are not necessarily indicative of what our results
of operations would have been had the EXCO properties, our sponsored
partnerships and the Castle properties been acquired at the beginning of the
periods indicated, nor does it purport to represent our results of operations
for any future periods.
2006
Acquisitions
On
December 6, 2006, we completed our cash tender offer and purchased approximately
95.5% or 9,112,750 shares of the outstanding common stock of Unioil, an
independent energy company with properties in northern Colorado and southern
Wyoming. The acquisition of more than 90% of the outstanding shares
of common stock allowed us to effect a short-form merger of Unioil and one of
our wholly owned subsidiaries, resulting in the acquisition of the remaining
428,719 shares of Unioil. Each share of Unioil common stock not
tendered through the offer was converted into the right to receive $1.91 in
cash, the same consideration paid for shares in the tender offer. The
total price paid for 100% of Unioil’s outstanding common stock was $18.6
million, including $0.4 million in direct costs of the acquisition. The
preliminary acquisition cost allocation included $6.8 million goodwill, in
which was re-allocated to properties and equipment in the first quarter of 2007
as part of our process of finalizing the allocation of the preliminary purchase
price. Further, as a result of this reclass, the deferred tax liabilities
increased and thus increased property and equipment.
The
following table presents the adjusted purchase price for the Unioil acquisition
described above as of December 31, 2007.
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
consideration paid
|
|
$ |
18,224 |
|
Plus:
direct costs of acquisition
|
|
|
382 |
|
Total acquisition
cost
|
|
$ |
18,606 |
|
The
following table presents the final allocations of the purchase price based on
estimates of fair value.
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
assets acquired
|
|
$ |
660 |
|
Properties
and equipment acquired
|
|
|
25,839 |
|
Deferred
tax liability
|
|
|
(6,783 |
) |
Other
liabilities assumed
|
|
|
(968 |
) |
Preliminary
acquisition cost
|
|
$ |
18,748 |
|
NOTE 3 – ACCOUNTS
RECEIVABLE
Accounts
receivable is presented on our consolidated balance sheets net of allowance for
doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable are reviewed to determine
which are doubtful of collection. In making the determination of the
appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts, we consider our historical
write-offs, relationships and overall credit worthiness of our customers,
additional consideration is given to well production data for receivables
related to well operations. The allowance as reflected in the
accompanying balance sheets is our best estimate of the amount of probable
credit losses in our existing accounts receivable. Our allowance for
doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, was $0.4 million and $0.4
million, respectively.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The
nature of the independent oil and gas industry involves a concentration of oil
and gas sales to a few customers. We sell oil and natural gas to
various public utilities, gas marketers and industrial customers. The
following table identifies significant customers as a percent of total oil and
gas sales and total revenues for each of the years presented.
|
|
Oil
and Gas Sales
|
|
|
Total
Revenue
|
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Customer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tepco
Crude Oil, LLC
|
|
|
14.8 |
% |
|
|
14.9 |
% |
|
|
10.5 |
% |
|
|
13.5 |
% |
|
|
12.9 |
% |
|
|
6.9 |
% |
Williams
Production RMT Company
|
|
|
14.1 |
% |
|
|
8.7 |
% |
|
|
4.7 |
% |
|
|
12.9 |
% |
|
|
7.5 |
% |
|
|
3.1 |
% |
DCP
Midstream, LP
|
|
|
7.8 |
% |
|
|
10.6 |
% |
|
|
10.6 |
% |
|
|
7.1 |
% |
|
|
9.1 |
% |
|
|
6.9 |
% |
Integrys
(formerly WPS, Energy)
|
|
|
6.9 |
% |
|
|
9.4 |
% |
|
|
12.9 |
% |
|
|
6.3 |
% |
|
|
8.1 |
% |
|
|
8.4 |
% |
Sempra
Energy Trading
|
|
|
6.0 |
% |
|
|
10.3 |
% |
|
|
15.2 |
% |
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
|
8.9 |
% |
|
|
9.9 |
% |
NOTE
4 – PROPERTIES AND EQUIPMENT
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Properties
and equipment, net:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas properties (successful efforts method of
accounting)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved
|
|
$ |
953,904 |
|
|
$ |
473,451 |
|
Unproved
|
|
|
41,023 |
|
|
|
27,055 |
|
Total
oil and gas properties
|
|
|
994,927 |
|
|
|
500,506 |
|
Pipelines
and related facilities
|
|
|
22,408 |
|
|
|
12,673 |
|
Transportation
and other equipment
|
|
|
23,669 |
|
|
|
7,870 |
|
Land
and buildings
|
|
|
11,303 |
|
|
|
11,620 |
|
Construction
in progress(1)
|
|
|
2,929 |
|
|
|
4,801 |
|
|
|
|
1,055,236 |
|
|
|
537,470 |
|
Accumulated
depreciation, depletion and amortization ("DD&A")
|
|
|
(209,372 |
) |
|
|
(143,253 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
845,864 |
|
|
$ |
394,217 |
|
(1)
At
December 31, 2007, includes cost primarily related to a new integrated oil and
gas financial software system.
Suspended
Well Costs
The
following table sets forth the capitalized exploratory well costs, which are
pending the determination of proved reserves, included in oil and gas
properties.
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning
balance at January 1
|
|
$ |
765 |
|
|
$ |
1,918 |
|
|
$ |
4,170 |
|
Additions
to capitalized exploratory well costs pending the determination of proved
reserves
|
|
|
3,953 |
|
|
|
12,016 |
|
|
|
6,441 |
|
Reclassifications
to wells, facilities and equipment based on the determination of proved
reserves
|
|
|
(878 |
) |
|
|
(13,169 |
) |
|
|
(4,523 |
) |
Capitalized
exploratory well costs charged to expense
|
|
|
(1,540 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(4,170 |
) |
Ending
balance at December 31
|
|
$ |
2,300 |
|
|
$ |
765 |
|
|
$ |
1,918 |
|
As of
December 31, 2007, the three wells awaiting the determination of proved reserves
have not been capitalized for a period greater than one year.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
NOTE
5 - LONG-TERM DEBT
We have a
credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. ("JPMorgan") and BNP Paribas, as
amended, dated as of November 4, 2005, with an activated commitment of $295
million as of December 31, 2007. The credit facility, through a
series of amendments, includes commitments from Wachovia Bank, N.A., Bank of
Oklahoma, Allied Irish Banks p.l.c., Guaranty Bank, BSB, Royal Bank of Canada
and The Royal Bank of Scotland, plc. The maximum allowable commitment
under the current credit facility is $400 million. The credit
facility is subject to and secured by required levels of oil and natural gas
reserves. The credit facility requires an aggregated security of a
value no less than 80% of the value of the direct interests included in the
borrowing base properties. We are required to pay a commitment fee of
0.25% to 0.375% per annum on the unused portion of the activated credit
facility. Interest accrues at an alternative base rate ("ABR") or
adjusted LIBOR at our discretion. The ABR is the greater of
JPMorgan's prime rate, an adjusted secondary market rate for a three-month
certificate of deposit plus 1% or the federal funds effective rate plus
0.5%. ABR borrowings are assessed an additional margin spread up to
0.375% and adjusted LIBOR borrowings are assessed an additional margin spread of
1.125% to 1.875%, based upon the outstanding balance under the credit
facility. The credit agreement requires, among other things, the
maintenance of certain working capital and tangible net worth
ratios. No principal payments are required until the credit agreement
expires on November 4, 2010.
The
credit facility contains covenants customary for agreements of this type,
including, but not limited to, limitations on our ability to: (a) incur
additional indebtedness and guarantees, (b) create liens and other encumbrances
on our assets, (c) consolidate, merge or sell assets, (d) pay dividends and
other distributions, (e) make certain investments, loans and advances, (f) enter
into sale/leaseback transactions, (g) enter into transactions with our
affiliates, (h) change the character of our business, (i) engage in hedging
activities unless certain requirements are satisfied, (j) issue certain types of
stock, and (k) make certain amendments to our organizational
documents. The credit facility also requires us to execute and
deliver specified mortgages and other evidences of security and to deliver
specified opinions of counsel and other evidences of title. In
addition, we are required to comply with certain financial tests and maintain
certain financial ratios. The financial tests and ratios include requirements
to: (a) maintain a minimum ratio of consolidated current assets to consolidated
current liabilities, or working capital ratio, and (b) not to exceed a maximum
leverage ratio.
Effective
August 9, 2007, the first amendment to our credit facility waived our working
capital covenant until the earlier of (i) a debt or equity transaction resulting
in net proceeds, as defined, to us of at least $200 million or (ii) July 1,
2008, which was further extended to October 1, 2008, effective October 16,
2007. In accordance with the first amendment, the ABR rate was
increased by 0.375% as long as the waiver of the working capital covenant is in
effect.
On
February 8, 2008, we completed the issuance and sale of $203 million aggregate
principal amount of 12% senior notes due 2018 for net proceeds received of
approximately $196 million (see Note
19). In accordance with the senior credit agreement, upon the
issuance of any senior notes, the borrowing base then in effect on our credit
facility will automatically be reduced by $300 for each $1,000 in stated
principal amount of such senior notes issued by us. Accordingly,
effective February 8, 2008, our borrowing base under the credit facility was
reduced from $295 million to $234.1 million. Further, our notes
issuance meets the requirements of a debt transaction described above, and thus,
the testing of our working capital covenant will resume with our quarter ending
March 31, 2008.
The
indenture governing our senior notes contains covenants that, among other
things, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to
incur additional debt; make certain investments or pay dividends or
distributions on our capital stock or purchase or redeem or retire capital
stock; sell assets, including capital stock of our restricted subsidiaries;
restrict dividends or other payments by restricted subsidiaries; create liens
that secure debt; enter into transactions with affiliates; and merge or
consolidate with another company.
As of
December 31, 2007, the outstanding balance under our credit facility was $235
million compared to $117 million, excluding the overline note discussed below,
as of December 31, 2006. The borrowing rate on the outstanding
balance was 7.07% and 7.79% at December 31, 2007, and December 31, 2006,
respectively. Amounts outstanding under the credit facility were
secured by substantially all of our properties. We were in compliance
with all covenants at December 31, 2007.
On
December 19, 2006, we executed, pursuant to our credit facility, an overline
note in the amount of $20 million to be repaid on January 31,
2007. Interest on the overline note accrued at a per annum rate equal
to the alternate base rate plus 0.8% until December 22, 2006, at which time the
rate converted to a Eurodollar borrowing for a one month period and at a per
annum rate equal to an adjusted LIBOR rate plus 2.30%. The overline
note was paid in full in accordance with its terms in January 2007.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
NOTE
6 - INCOME TAXES
In
both 2007 and 2006, we utilized our tax election to currently expense
approximately $44 million and $55 million, respectively, of intangible drilling
costs ("IDC"). This election substantially reduced our current tax
expense but resulted in a correspondingly higher deferred tax expense as shown
below. Additionally, in 2006, we had a substantial taxable gain from
the sale of undeveloped oil and gas properties (see Note
16). We have chosen to use the favorable deferral aspects of
the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") Section 1031, LKE to defer the tax
liability on a portion of the gain utilized by purchasing replacement properties
(see Note
2). Accordingly, our current and deferred provision for income
taxes increased proportionately in 2006 due to the current and deferred tax
associated with this large taxable gain. The components of our tax
expense consisted of the following:
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Current:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal
|
|
$ |
7,579 |
|
|
$ |
54,467 |
|
|
$ |
17,894 |
|
State
|
|
|
1,201 |
|
|
|
8,739 |
|
|
|
3,431 |
|
Total
current income taxes
|
|
|
8,780 |
|
|
|
63,206 |
|
|
|
21,325 |
|
Deferred:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal
|
|
|
11,074 |
|
|
|
74,003 |
|
|
|
2,834 |
|
State
|
|
|
1,127 |
|
|
|
12,428 |
|
|
|
517 |
|
Total
deferred income taxes
|
|
|
12,201 |
|
|
|
86,431 |
|
|
|
3,351 |
|
Total
income taxes
|
|
$ |
20,981 |
|
|
$ |
149,637 |
|
|
$ |
24,676 |
|
Income
tax expense differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal
income tax rate of 35%.
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Computed
"expected" tax
|
|
$ |
18,966 |
|
|
$ |
135,594 |
|
|
$ |
23,145 |
|
State
income tax (net)
|
|
|
1,907 |
|
|
|
13,744 |
|
|
|
2,566 |
|
Percentage
depletion
|
|
|
(624 |
) |
|
|
(545 |
) |
|
|
(771 |
) |
Domestic
production activities deduction
|
|
|
(374 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(399 |
) |
Other
|
|
|
1,106 |
|
|
|
844 |
|
|
|
135 |
|
|
|
$ |
20,981 |
|
|
$ |
149,637 |
|
|
$ |
24,676 |
|
In order
to reduce current income taxes payable, we elected to expense, for income tax
purposes, a large amount of IDC in 2007, our domestic production activities
deduction, which in 2007 was statutorily equal to six percent of our qualified
production activity income (QPAI), was $1.1 million. In 2006, due to
our decision to expense $55 million of IDC, our domestic production deduction,
which in 2006 was statutorily equal to three percent of QPAI, was
zero. In addition, the amount in "Other" for 2007, was primarily
nondeductible tax penalties.
The
Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") examination of our federal tax returns for the
2003 and 2004 tax years was concluded on July 31, 2007. There was no
significant affect on 2007 tax expense from the conclusion of this examination
as most of the tax adjustments had been previously agreed to and accrued for at
December 31, 2006. We have received notice from the IRS that they
will be beginning the examination of our 2005 and 2006 returns in the near
future.
The tax
effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the
deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2007 and 2006,
are presented below.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Deferred
tax assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
|
|
$ |
138 |
|
|
$ |
161 |
|
Drilling
notes
|
|
|
31 |
|
|
|
46 |
|
Allowance
for lease impairment
|
|
|
912 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Litigation
allowance
|
|
|
578 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Deferred
revenue related to cash withheld for future plugging cost
|
|
|
1,011 |
|
|
|
929 |
|
Deferred
compensation
|
|
|
2,058 |
|
|
|
2,105 |
|
Asset
retirement obligations
|
|
|
7,782 |
|
|
|
4,428 |
|
Unrealized
loss - Derivatives
|
|
|
703 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Employee
benefits
|
|
|
456 |
|
|
|
798 |
|
Other
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Total
gross deferred tax assets
|
|
|
13,685 |
|
|
|
8,467 |
|
Less
valuation allowance
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Deferred
tax assets
|
|
|
13,685 |
|
|
|
8,467 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
tax liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Properties
and equipment, principally due to differences in depreciation and
amortization
|
|
|
(75,663 |
) |
|
|
(58,790 |
) |
Like
kind exchange - deferred gain
|
|
|
(69,836 |
) |
|
|
(63,783 |
) |
Unrealized
gains - derivatives
|
|
|
(55 |
) |
|
|
(1,203 |
) |
Total
gross deferred tax liabilities
|
|
|
(145,554 |
) |
|
|
(123,776 |
) |
Net
deferred tax liability
|
|
$ |
(131,869 |
) |
|
$ |
(115,309 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Classification
in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
current deferred tax assets*
|
|
$ |
4,621 |
|
|
$ |
1,084 |
|
Net
non-current deferred tax liability
|
|
|
(136,490 |
) |
|
|
(116,393 |
) |
Net
deferred tax liability
|
|
$ |
(131,869 |
) |
|
$ |
(115,309 |
) |
*included
in other current assets
As noted
above, deferred tax liabilities for properties and equipment increased in 2007
and 2006 primarily as a result of our election to expense $44 million and $55
million of IDC for income tax purposes. Deferred tax liabilities also
increased substantially in 2006 due to our utilization of the like-kind exchange
tax deferral for a portion of the taxable gain on the undeveloped land sale
(Note
16). In addition, approximately $9.8 million of the deferred
liability for properties and equipment is due to the Unioil
acquisition.
In
assessing whether a valuation allowance for the deferred tax assets should be
recorded, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion or
all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate
realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future
taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become
deductible. Based upon the level of historical taxable income and
projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax
assets are deductible, we believe it is more likely than not that we will
realize the benefits of these deductible differences. The amount of
the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the
near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period
are reduced.
We
adopted the provisions of FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007. As a result
of adoption, retained earnings decreased by $0.3 million, deferred income taxes
payable decreased by $0.9 million, current income taxes payable increased by
$0.2 million and the liability for unrecognized tax benefit increased by $1.0
million.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The
following table sets forth a reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized
tax benefits for 2007:
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance,
January 1, 2007
|
|
$ |
952 |
|
Gross
increases for tax positions of prior years
|
|
|
819 |
|
Gross
decrease for tax positions of prior years
|
|
|
(883 |
) |
Settlements
|
|
|
- |
|
Lapses
of applicable statute of limitation
|
|
|
- |
|
Unrecognized
tax benefits at Balance, December 31, 2007
|
|
$ |
888 |
|
Interest
and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized in income tax
expense. As of January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2007 we have
approximately $0.3 million and $0.1 million of accrued interest related to
uncertain tax positions, respectively. In addition, at December 31,
2007, $0.2 million of income tax penalties were accrued while no income tax
penalties were accrued at January 1, 2007. The total amount of
unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate, if
recognized, is $0.4 million as of December 31, 2007 and zero as of January 1,
2007. We expect the unrecognized tax benefit at December 31, 2007, to
decrease in the next twelve months because of the IRS examination of our 2005
and 2006 tax years that will be conducted in 2008. It is currently
estimated that the decrease in our unrecognized tax benefits will be between
$0.4 million and $0.9 million primarily due to settlements.
The
statute of limitations for tax years 2003-2006 remains open for both federal and
state taxing jurisdictions for the tax years 2003-2006. However, due
to the recent July 31, 2007 completion date of the federal examination of our
2003 and 2004 tax years, we believe that certain tax positions related to these
tax years have been “effectively settled” for federal tax purposes.
Our
subsidiary, Unioil Inc., which was acquired on December 6, 2006, filed separate
tax returns for years prior to the acquisition date. Unioil’s
2003-2006 tax returns remain open to examination at December 31,
2007. Any unrecognized tax benefit associated with Unioil's tax
returns is included in the above table amount.
NOTE
7 - ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS
Changes
in carrying amounts of the asset retirement obligations associated with our
working interest in oil and gas properties are as follows:
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year
|
|
$ |
11,966 |
|
|
$ |
8,333 |
|
Obligations
assumed with development activities and acquisitions
|
|
|
7,909 |
|
|
|
1,264 |
|
Obligations
discharged with disposed properties and asset retirements
|
|
|
(93 |
) |
|
|
(115 |
) |
Accretion
expense
|
|
|
999 |
|
|
|
515 |
|
Revisions
to estimated cash flows
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1,969 |
|
Balance
at end of year
|
|
$ |
20,781 |
|
|
$ |
11,966 |
|
If the
fair value of the estimated asset retirement obligation changes, an adjustment
is recorded to both the asset retirement obligation and the asset retirement
cost. Approximately $0.1 million of the asset retirement obligations
were classified as short-term and included in other accrued expenses as of
December 31, 2007 and 2006.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
NOTE
8 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Drilling and Development
Agreements. We are a party to a pipeline expansion agreement
with an unrelated third party, which is also currently the purchaser of the
majority of our Wattenberg Field natural gas production. Pursuant to
the agreement, we have agreed to invest a minimum of $65 million to develop
specified acreage in the Wattenberg Field, during a three-year period ending
December 31, 2009. Such capital spending will include costs to drill
new wells and the cost to recomplete existing wells in this
area. Should we not meet the minimum commitment by December 31, 2009,
we will be required to pay liquidated damages of $2 million, prorated based on
our actual capital investment made to date. As of December 31, 2007,
our total capital expenditures pursuant to the agreement were $27.5 million,
resulting in a maximum potential obligation of $1.2 million.
In
connection with the sale of undeveloped leaseholds in July 2006, we were
obligated to either drill 16 wells on specifically identified acreage over the
next three years or pay liquidated damages of $1.6 million per undrilled well
for a total contingent obligation of $25.6 million, which was reflected as a
deferred gain on sale of leaseholds in our consolidated balance sheet at
December 31, 2006. On May 31, 2007, we entered into a letter
agreement amending the original purchase and sale agreement. The
letter agreement relieved us of the obligation, in its entirety, to either drill
16 wells or pay liquidated damages, resulting in the recognition of the
remaining $25.6 million deferred gain on sale of leaseholds in the quarter ended
June 30, 2007.
Pursuant
to the above letter agreement, we are obligated to drill six wells on
specifically identified acreage. These wells will be drilled on the
unaffiliated party's leasehold for its benefit and at its cost. In
addition, the unaffiliated party will return 160 acres of leasehold property
acquired from us pursuant to the purchase and sale agreement. As of
the date of this report, we have drilled the six wells and received the 160
acres of leasehold property.
In
connection with the acquisition of oil and gas properties in October 2007, we
are obligated to drill 100 wells in the Appalachian Basin by January
2016. We will retain a majority interest in each well
drilled. For each well we fail to drill, we are obligated to pay to
the seller liquidated damages of $25,000 per undrilled well for a total
contingent obligation of $2.5 million or reassign to the seller the interest
acquired in the number of undrilled well locations. As of December
31, 2007, no wells had been drilled pursuant to this agreement.
Partnership Repurchase
Provision. Substantially all of our drilling programs contain
a repurchase provision where investing partners may request that we purchase
their partnership units at any time beginning with the third anniversary of the
first cash distribution. The provision provides that we are obligated
to purchase an aggregate of 10% of the initial subscriptions per calendar year
(at a minimum price of four times the most recent 12 months' cash
distributions), if repurchase is requested by investors, and subject to our
financial ability to do so. The maximum annual repurchase obligation
as of December 31, 2007, was approximately $6.7 million. We have
adequate liquidity to meet this obligation. During 2007 and 2006, we
paid $1.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively, under this provision for the
repurchase of partnership units. As of December 31, 2007, outstanding
repurchase offers to investing partners totaled $0.5 million, principally all of
which were consummated in 2008 prior to expiration.
Performance
Supplements. Our drilling programs formed from 1996 through
the second quarter of 2005 contain a performance supplement that provides for
changes in the distribution of partnership profits if certain levels of
performance are not met. The terms of this provision in the
partnership agreements are not a guarantee of a rate of return on an investment
in the partnership. Under those specific conditions, such changes can
result in our share of an affected partnership’s profits being reduced by up to
one half of the amount to which we otherwise would be entitled in the affected
period. In no event would we be obligated to assume a
disproportionate share of losses in such partnerships; should the partnerships
which contain this provision in the partnership agreements incur a loss, our
share of such losses would be unaffected by the terms of this
provision. In accordance with these provisions, our share of
partnership profits was reduced by an aggregate of $0.6 million, $1 million and
$0.7 million during 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. As of December
31, 2007 and 2006, based on production through December 31 of the corresponding
year, we had accrued $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
Partnership Casualty
Losses. As Managing General Partner of 33 partnerships, we
have liability for any potential casualty losses in excess of the partnership
assets and insurance. We believe the casualty insurance coverage that
we and our subcontractors carry is adequate to meet this potential
liability.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Drilling Rig
Contracts. In order to secure the services for drilling rigs,
we made commitments to the drilling contractors, which call for a minimum
commitment of $12,500 daily for a specified amount of time if we cease to use
the drilling rigs, an event that is not anticipated to occur, and a maximum
commitment of $40,680 daily for a specified amount of time for daily use of the
drilling rigs. As of December 31, 2007, commitments for these two
separate contracts expire in August 2009 and July 2010. As
of December 31, 2007, we have an outstanding minimum commitment for $6.4 million
and an outstanding maximum commitment for $24.7 million.
Litigation. We are
involved in various legal proceedings that we consider normal to our
business. Although the results cannot be known with certainty, we
believe that we have properly accrued reserves and that the ultimate results of
such proceedings, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial
position or results of operations.
On May
29, 2007, Glen Droegemueller, individually and as representative plaintiff on
behalf of all others similarly situated, filed a class action complaint against
the Company in the District Court, Weld County, Colorado alleging that we
underpaid royalties on natural gas produced from wells operated by us in the
State of Colorado (the "Droegemueller Action"). The plaintiff seeks
declaratory relief and to recover an unspecified amount of compensation for
underpayment of royalties paid by us pursuant to leases. We removed
the case to Federal Court on June 28, 2007, and on July 10, 2007, we filed its
answer and affirmative defenses. A second similar Colorado class
action suit was filed against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the
District of Colorado on December 3, 2007, by Ted Amsbaugh et al. On
December 31, 2007, plaintiff in this second action filed a motion to consolidate
the case with the Droegemueller Action above. On January 28, 2008,
the Court granted plaintiff’s motion to consolidate the action with the
Droegemueller Action. On February 29, 2008, the court approved a 90
day stay in proceedings while the parties pursue mediation of the
matter. Given the preliminary stage of this proceeding and the
inherent uncertainty in litigation, we are unable to predict the ultimate
outcome of this suit at this time. We believe that the ultimate
outcome of the proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our
financial condition or results of operations.
Litigation
similar to the preceding actions has recently been commenced against several
other companies in other jurisdictions where we conduct
business. While our business model differs from that of the parties
involved in such other litigation, and although the Company has not been named
as a party in such other litigation, there can be no assurance that the Company
will not be named as a party to such other litigation in the
future.
Employment Agreements with Executive
Officers. We have employment agreements with our Chief
Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and other
executive officers. The employment agreements provide for base annual
base salaries, eligibility for performance bonus compensation, and other various
benefits, including retirement and termination benefits.
In the
event of termination without cause or if an executive officer terminates
employment for good reason, the executive officer is entitled to receive a
payment in the amount of three times the sum of his highest base salary during
the previous two years of employment immediately preceding the termination date
and his highest bonus received during the same two year period. The
executive officer is also entitled to (i) vesting of any unvested equity
compensation, (ii) reimbursement for any unpaid expenses, (iii) retirement
benefits earned under the current and/or previous agreements, (iv) continued
coverage under our medical plan for up to 18 months, and (v) payment of any
earned and unpaid bonus amounts. In addition, the executive officer
is entitled to receive any benefits that he would have otherwise been entitle to
receive under our 401(k) and profit sharing plan, although those benefits are
not increased or accelerated. See Note 19 for a
discussion regarding the departure of our President for good
reason.
In the
event that an executive officer is terminated for just cause, we are required to
pay the executive officer his base salary through the termination date plus any
bonus (only for periods completed and accrued, but not paid), incentive,
deferred, retirement or other compensation, and to provide any other benefits,
which have been earned or become payable as of the termination date but which
have not yet been paid or provided.
In the
event that an executive officer voluntarily terminates his employment for other
than good reason, he is entitled to receive (i) his base salary, bonus and
incremental retirement payment prorated for the portion of the year that the
executive officer is employed, (ii) any incentive, deferred or other
compensation which has been earned or has become payable, but which has not yet
been paid under the schedule originally contemplated in the agreement under
which they were granted or in full without discount within 60 days of the
termination date at our discretion, (iii) any unpaid expense reimbursement upon
presentation by the executive officer of an accounting of such expenses in
accordance with our normal practices, and (iv) any other payments for benefits
earned under the employment agreement or our plans.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Derivative
Contracts. We would be exposed to oil and natural gas price
fluctuations on underlying purchase and sale contracts should the counterparties
to our derivative instruments or the counterparties to our gas marketing
contracts not perform. Nonperformance is not
anticipated. There were no counterparty default losses in 2007, 2006
or 2005.
NOTE
9 - COMMON STOCK
Stock-Based
Compensation Plans
As
approved by the shareholders in June 2004, we maintain a long-term equity
compensation plan for officers and certain key employees of (the "2004
Plan"). In accordance with the plan, awards may be issued in the form
of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock or performance
shares. A total of 750,000 new shares of common stock have been
reserved for issuance. Awards pursuant to the plan vest over periods
set at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors
(“Board”) and have a maximum exercisable period of ten years. As of
December 31, 2007, 468,984 common shares remain available for future
awards.
As
approved by the shareholders in June 2005, we also maintain a restricted stock
plan for non-employee directors. A total of 40,000 new shares of
common stock have been reserved for issuance under the plan. During
2007, 2006 and 2005, 12,710, 6,551 and 6,895 common shares, respectively,
were awarded in accordance with the plan. Compensation expense for
each of the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, related to these
restricted shares was $0.2 million, $0.1 million and $0.1 million,
respectively. As of December 31, 2007, 13,844 common shares remain
available for future awards.
In August
1999, the shareholders approved the 1999 Incentive Stock Option and
Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan. A total of 500,000 shares of our
common stock were reserved for issuance upon the exercise of stock
options. All shares authorized to be awarded pursuant to this plan
were awarded in years prior to 2002. At December 31, 2007, options
for 11,000 common shares remain outstanding and exercisable through 2011, at
which time the options will expire.
The
following table provides a summary of the effect of our stock based compensation
plans on the results of operations for the periods presented. Prior
to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, we did not recognize stock based compensation
expense in our financial statements.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
stock based compensation expense
|
|
$ |
2,286 |
|
|
$ |
1,516 |
|
Income
tax benefit
|
|
|
(882 |
) |
|
|
(585 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income impact
|
|
$ |
1,404 |
|
|
$ |
931 |
|
Stock Option
Awards. We granted stock options in previous years under
several stock compensation plans. Outstanding options expire ten
years from the date of grant and become exercisable ratably over a four year
period. We did not grant any stock option awards in 2007 or
2006. The fair values of stock options granted during the year ended
December 31, 2006, were estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes
option-pricing model assuming no dividends and the following weighed average
assumptions:
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected
volatility
|
|
|
40.4 |
% |
Expected
term (in years)
|
|
|
6.0 |
|
Risk-free
interest rate
|
|
|
4.2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average
grant date fair
value per share
|
|
$ |
20.30 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Expected
volatilities are based on our historical volatility. The expected
life of an award is estimated using historical exercise behavior
data. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury
yields in effect at the time of grant and extrapolated to approximate the
expected life of the award. We do not expect to pay dividends, nor do
we expect to declare dividends in the foreseeable future.
The
following table provides a summary of our stock option award activity for the
year ended December 31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
Number
of
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Remaining
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
Contractual
|
|
|
|
Underlying
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
Term
|
|
|
|
Options
|
|
|
Per
Share
|
|
|
(years)
|
|
Outstanding
at December 31, 2006
|
|
|
89,567 |
|
|
$ |
21.36 |
|
|
|
5.6 |
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(38,000 |
) |
|
|
4.81 |
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding
at December 31, 2007
|
|
|
51,567 |
|
|
|
33.55 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vested
and expected to vest at December 31, 2007
|
|
|
46,340 |
|
|
|
32.51 |
|
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable
at December 31, 2007
|
|
|
29,582 |
|
|
|
26.30 |
|
|
|
5.1 |
|
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
(in
millions)
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Total
intrinsic value of options exercised
|
|
$ |
1.7 |
|
|
$ |
0.3 |
|
|
$ |
0.1 |
|
Total
intrinsic value of options outstanding
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
Total
intrinsic value of options exercisable
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
The
intrinsic value of options exercised represents the amount by which the market
value of our stock at date of exercise exceeds the exercise price of the
option. The intrinsic values of the options outstanding and
exercisable represent the amount by which the closing market price of our common
stock at the last trading day of the year exceeds the exercise price of the
options.
Total
unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options granted under the 2004
Plan was $0.2 million as of December 31, 2007. This cost is expected
to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.
Restricted
Stock Awards
We began
issuing shares of restricted common stock to employees in 2004. Our
restricted stock awards have been awarded with vesting conditions that are
either time-based or market-based.
Time-Based
Awards. The fair value
of the time-based awards is amortized ratably over the requisite service period,
primarily over four years.
The
following table sets forth the changes in non-vested time-based awards for the
year ended December 31, 2007:
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Grant-Date Fair Value
|
|
Non-vested
at December 31, 2006
|
|
|
131,730 |
|
|
$ |
39.87 |
|
Granted
|
|
|
79,595 |
|
|
|
48.09 |
|
Vested
|
|
|
(37,341 |
) |
|
|
36.63 |
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
(2,139 |
) |
|
|
40.07 |
|
Non-vested
at December 31, 2007
|
|
|
171,845 |
|
|
$ |
44.38 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
(in
millions)
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Total
intrinsic value of time-based awards vested
|
|
$ |
2.2 |
|
|
$ |
0.8 |
|
|
$ |
0.2 |
|
Total
intrinsic value of time-based awards non-vested
|
|
|
10.2 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
The
intrinsic value above is based upon the closing market price of our common stock
on the last trading date of the year, $59.13.
The total
compensation cost related to non-vested time-based awards not yet recognized as
of December 31, 2007, is $5.3 million. This cost is expected to be
recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.
Market-Based
Awards. The fair value of the market-based awards is amortized
ratably over the requisite service period, primarily over three years for
market-based awards. The market-based shares vest only upon the
achievement of certain per share price thresholds and continuous employment
during the vesting period. All compensation cost related to the
market based-awards will be recognized if the requisite service period is
fulfilled, even if the market condition is not achieved.
The
weighted average grant date fair value of each market-based share was computed
using the Monte Carlo pricing model and the following weighted average
assumptions:
Expected
term of award
|
|
3
years
|
|
Risk-free
interest rate
|
|
|
4.7 |
% |
Volatility
|
|
|
44.0 |
% |
The
following table sets forth the changes in non-vested marked-based awards for the
year ended December 31, 2007:
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Grant-Date Fair Value
|
|
Non-vested
at December 31, 2006
|
|
|
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
Granted
|
|
|
31,972 |
|
|
|
36.07 |
|
Vested
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Non-vested
at December 31, 2007
|
|
|
31,972 |
|
|
$ |
36.07 |
|
The
intrinsic value of market-based awards outstanding at December 31, 2007, was
$1.9 million, based upon the closing market price of our common stock on the
last trading date of the year, $59.13.
The total
compensation cost related to non-vested market-based awards not yet recognized
as of December 31, 2007, is $0.4 million. This cost is expected to be
recognized over a weighted-average period of 2 years.
Treasury
Share Purchases
In
January 2006, we announced that our Board authorized the purchase of up to 10%
(1,627,500 shares) of our common stock during 2006. Stock purchases
under this program were made in the open market or in private transactions, at
times and in amounts that we deemed appropriate. In October 2006, we
completed our January 2006 program. Total shares purchased pursuant
to the program were 1,627,500 common shares at a cost of $66.3 million ($40.75
average price paid per share), including 100,000 shares from one of our
executive officers at a cost of $4.1 million ($40.66 price paid per
share). All shares purchased in accordance with the program have
subsequently been retired.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
On
October 16, 2006, our board of directors of approved a second 2006 purchase
program authorizing us to purchase up to 10% (1,477,109 shares) of our then
outstanding common stock through April 2008. Stock purchases under
this program may be made in the open market or in private transactions, at times
and in amounts that we deem appropriate. Shares are generally
purchased at fair market value based on the closing price on the date of
purchase. Total shares purchased in 2007 pursuant to the program were
12,020 common shares at a cost of $0.6 million ($53.78 average price paid per
share), including 5,187 shares from our executive officers at a cost of $0.3
million ($57.93 price paid per share). Shares purchased pursuant to
the plan were primarily to satisfy the statutory minimum tax withholding
requirement for restricted stock that vested in 2007. All shares were
subsequently retired.
Pursuant to our senior notes indenture entered on February 8,
2008, any future purchases are limited, see Note 19, Subsequent Events, to our accompanying
consolidated financial statements.
On
February 25, 2008, pursuant to a separation agreement, we purchased 50,000
shares of our common stock from one of our executive officers at a cost of $3.4
million, or $67.92 per share. See Note 19, Subsequent Events, to our
consolidated financial statements
NOTE 10 - SHAREHOLDERS' RIGHTS
AGREEMENT
On
September 11, 2007, we entered into a rights agreement, with Transfer Online,
Inc., as rights agent. The rights agreement is designed to improve
the ability of our board of directors to protect the interest of our
shareholders in the event of an unsolicited takeover attempt. Our
board declared a dividend of one right for each outstanding share of our common
stock. The right dividend was paid to shareholders of record on
September 14, 2007. A "distribution date," as defined in the rights
agreement, can occur after any individual shareholder exceeds 15% ownership of
our outstanding common stock. After the occurrence of a "distribution
date," the right entitles each registered holder (other than the acquiring
shareholder who triggered the "distribution date"), to purchase shares of our
common stock (or, in certain circumstances, cash, property or other securities)
having a then-current value equal to two times the exercise price of the right
(i.e., for the $240 exercise price, the rights holder receives $480 worth of
common stock). The exercise price is subject to adjustment for
various corporate actions which affect all shareholders, such as a stock
split. The rights agreement and all rights will expire on September
11, 2017.
NOTE
11 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
We
sponsor a qualified deferred compensation plan covering substantially all of our
employees. The plan consists of a 401(k) retirement plan with a
profit sharing component. The plan enables eligible employees to
contribute a portion of their compensation through payroll deductions in
accordance with specific guidelines. We provide a discretionary
matching contribution based on a percentage of the employees' contributions up
to certain limits. Our contribution to the profit sharing component
is discretionary. Our total combined expense for to both 401(k) and
profit sharing in 2007, 2006 and 2005, were $1.4 million, $3.1 million and $0.9
million, respectively.
We
provide a supplemental retirement benefit of deferred compensation under terms
of the various employment agreements with certain executive
officers. During 2007, 2006 and 2005, we charged $0.4 million, $0.3
million and $0.2 million related to this plan to general and administrative
expenses, respectively, and we have recorded a related liability in the amount
$2.2 million and $1.9 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
In
addition to the supplemental retirement benefit of deferred compensation, we
offer a supplemental healthcare benefit covering certain executive officers and
their spouses in accordance with each officer's employment
agreement. Expense incurred during 2007 related to this plan was
immaterial. As of December 31, 2007, we had a recorded liability of
$0.6 million.
We
maintain a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for our non-employee
directors. The amount of compensation deferred by each participant is
based on participant elections. The amounts deferred pursuant to the
plan are invested in our common stock, maintained in a rabbi trust and are
classified in the accompanying balance sheet as treasury shares as a component
of shareholders' equity. The plan may be settled in either cash or
shares as requested by the participant. As of December 31, 2007, we
had recorded a long-term liability of $0.3 million, which is included in other
liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
NOTE
12 - EARNINGS PER SHARE
The
following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used in the
calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December
31:
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
average common shares outstanding
|
|
|
14,744 |
|
|
|
15,660 |
|
|
|
16,362 |
|
Dilutive
effect of share-based compensation: (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unamortized
portion of restricted stock
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
Stock
options
|
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
52 |
|
Non
employee director deferred compensation
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Weighted
average common and common equivalent shares outstanding
|
|
|
14,841 |
|
|
|
15,741 |
|
|
|
16,427 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
33,209 |
|
|
$ |
237,772 |
|
|
$ |
41,452 |
|
Basic
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
2.25 |
|
|
$ |
15.18 |
|
|
$ |
2.53 |
|
Diluted
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
2.24 |
|
|
$ |
15.11 |
|
|
$ |
2.52 |
|
(1) Excludes the effect of average
anti-dilutive common share equivalents related to out-of-the-money options and
unvested restricted shares of zero and 18,004 in 2007, 23,687 and zero in 2006
and 16,880 and zero in 2005, respectively.
NOTE
13 - TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES
Funds
held for future distribution on our consolidated balance sheets represent
amounts owed to affiliated partnerships for production proceeds received by us
on their behalf and undistributed as of December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Amounts
due from/to the affiliated partnership are primarily related to derivative
positions, unbilled well lease operating expenses, and costs resulting from
audit and tax preparation services.
Our
natural gas marketing segment manages the marketing of oil and natural gas for
our affiliated partnerships in the Appalachian Basin. Our sales from
of natural gas marketing activities includes $9.3 million, $17.6 million and
$22.2 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, related to the marketing of
oil and natural gas on behalf of our affiliated
partnerships. Included in our cost of natural gas marketing
activities is $9.1 million, $17.3 million and $22.2 million for 2007, 2006 and
2005, respectively, related to these sales.
We
provided oil and gas well drilling services to our affiliated
partnerships. Pursuant to our cost-plus drilling arrangements and our
corresponding net presentation, we performed drilling services for our
affiliated partnerships totaling $68.4 million and $87 million in 2007 and 2006,
for which we recognized $11.4 million and $12.4 million in oil and gas well
drilling operations revenue, respectively. Pursuant to our
footage-based drilling arrangements and our corresponding gross presentation, in
2005, we billed our affiliated partnerships for drilling services and recognized
oil and gas well drilling operations revenue of $100
million. Further, we provide well operations and pipeline services to
our affiliated partnerships. Substantially all of our revenue and
expenses related to oil and gas well drilling operations and revenues from well
operations and pipeline income are associated with services provided to our
affiliated partnerships.
Revenues
from oil and gas well drilling operations and costs of oil and gas well drilling
operations each include $0.1 million and $0.2 million during 2006 and 2005,
respectively, related to investments made by executive officers for working
interests in wells drilled during the respective years. Amounts
invested by the executive officers during 2007 were immaterial.
Management
fees collected from the affiliated partnerships amounted to $1.3 million in 2007
and 2006 and $1.7 million in 2005, respectively, which are included in other
income on our consolidated statements of income.
Through
our wholly-owned subsidiary, PDC Securities Incorporated, we act as
Dealer-Manager of the drilling partnerships. PDC Securities receives
the applicable commissions and marketing allowances from the Escrow Agent of the
drilling program and distributes them to the soliciting broker/dealers who sell
the programs. The commissions and marketing allowances received by
PDC Securities are included in other income net of the commissions distributed
to the soliciting broker/dealer. The commissions and marketing
allowances retained by PDC Securities were $0.5 million, $0.6 million and $0.5
million and those distributed to the soliciting broker/dealers amounted to $8.3
million, $8.8 million and $11.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and 2005, respectively.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
NOTE
14 - LEASE OBLIGATIONS
We
have entered into operating leases principally for the leasing of natural gas
compressors, our Denver office space, and general office
equipment. The future minimum lease payments under these
non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2007, are as
follows:
Year
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
2008
|
|
$ |
1,850 |
|
2009
|
|
|
1,131 |
|
2010
|
|
|
534 |
|
2011
|
|
|
430 |
|
2012
|
|
|
92 |
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
$ |
4,037 |
|
Lease
operating expense for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $1.5
million, $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
NOTE
15 – DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
We
are exposed to the effect of market fluctuations in the prices of oil and
natural gas as they relate to our oil and natural gas sales and natural gas
marketing segments. Price risk represents the potential risk of loss
from adverse changes in the market price of oil and natural gas
commodities. We employ established policies and procedures to manage
the risks associated with these market fluctuations using commodity
derivatives. Our policy prohibits the use of oil and natural gas
derivative instruments for speculative purposes.
Validation
of a contract’s fair value is performed internally and while we use common
industry practices to develop our valuation techniques, changes in our pricing
methodologies or the underlying assumptions could result in significantly
different fair values.
Economic Hedging
Strategies. Our results of operations and operating cash flows
are affected by changes in market prices for oil and natural gas. To
mitigate a portion of the exposure to adverse market changes, we have entered
into various derivative instruments. As of December 31, 2007, our oil
and natural gas derivative instruments were comprised of futures, swaps and
collars. These instruments generally consist of New York Mercantile
Exchange ("NYMEX") -traded natural gas futures contracts and option contracts
for Appalachian and Michigan production, Panhandle-based contracts and
NYMEX-traded contracts for NECO production and Colorado Interstate Gas Index
("CIG") -based contracts for other Colorado production and NYMEX-based swaps for
our Colorado and North Dakota oil production.
|
·
|
For
swap instruments, we receive a fixed price for the hedged commodity and
pay a floating market price to the counterparty. The
fixed-price payment and the floating-price payment are netted, resulting
in a net amount due to or from the
counterparty.
|
|
·
|
Collars
contain a fixed floor price (put) and ceiling price (call). If
the market price exceeds the call strike price or falls below the fixed
put strike price, we receive the fixed price and pay the market
price. If the market price is between the call and the put
strike price, no payments are due from either
party.
|
We
purchase puts and set collars and swaps for our own and affiliate partnerships’
production to protect against price declines in future periods while retaining
much of the benefits of price increases. RNG enters into fixed-price
physical purchase and sale agreements that are derivative
contracts. In order to offset these fixed-price physical derivatives,
we enter into financial derivative instruments that have the effect of locking
in the prices we will receive or pay for the same volumes and period, offsetting
the physical derivative. While these derivatives are structured to
reduce our exposure to changes in price associated with the derivative
commodity, they also limit the benefit we might otherwise have received from
price changes in the physical market. We believe our derivative
instruments continue to be highly effective in achieving the risk management
objectives for which they were intended.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The net
fair value of the commodity based derivatives was $(1.4) million of which $0.2
million is included in other long term assets at December 31,
2007. The net fair value of the commodity based derivatives was $13.6
million of which $1.1 million is included in other long term assets at December
31, 2006. We recognized in the statement of income unrealized losses
on commodity based derivatives of $4.6 million in 2007, unrealized gains of $7.6
million in 2006, and unrealized losses of $3.2 million in 2005.
At
December 31, 2007 and 2006, we had the following open commodity based derivative
instruments designed as an economic hedge for a portion of our oil and natural
gas production for periods after December 2007:
Petroleum
Development Corporation
Open
Derivative Positions
(dollars
in thousands, except average price data)
|
|
|
|
Quantity
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gas-MMbtu
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Contract
|
|
|
|
|
Commodity
|
|
Type
|
|
Oil-Barrels
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Fair
Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Positions as of December 31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Sales
|
|
|
14,500,000 |
|
|
$ |
10.69 |
|
|
$ |
155,044 |
|
|
$ |
(293 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Purchases
|
|
|
16,360,000 |
|
|
|
5.76 |
|
|
|
94,283 |
|
|
|
3,366 |
|
Oil
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Purchases
|
|
|
585,600 |
|
|
|
84.20 |
|
|
|
49,308 |
|
|
|
(5,097 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(2,024 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Positions
maturing in 12 months following December 31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Sales
|
|
|
14,500,000 |
|
|
$ |
10.69 |
|
|
$ |
155,044 |
|
|
$ |
(293 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Purchases
|
|
|
16,360,000 |
|
|
|
5.76 |
|
|
|
94,283 |
|
|
|
3,366 |
|
Oil
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Purchases
|
|
|
585,600 |
|
|
|
84.20 |
|
|
|
49,308 |
|
|
|
(5,097 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(2,024 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
maximum term for the derivative contracts listed above is 12
months.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Positions as of December 31, 2006
|
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Sales
|
|
|
17,390,000 |
|
|
$ |
5.56 |
|
|
$ |
96,613 |
|
|
$ |
12,597 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Purchases
|
|
|
2,155,000 |
|
|
|
10.34 |
|
|
|
22,287 |
|
|
|
(14 |
) |
Oil
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Purchases
|
|
|
300,000 |
|
|
|
50.00 |
|
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
155 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
12,738 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Riley
Natural Gas
Open
Derivative Positions
(dollars
in thousands, except average price data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quantity
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Contract
|
|
|
|
|
Commodity
|
|
Type
|
|
Gas-MMbtu
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
Fair
Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Positions as of December 31, 2007
|
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Purchases
|
|
|
588,950 |
|
|
$ |
7.79 |
|
|
$ |
4,586 |
|
|
$ |
(246 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Sales
|
|
|
2,085,400 |
|
|
|
8.50 |
|
|
|
17,722 |
|
|
|
1,236 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Basis Swap Purchases
|
|
|
397,500 |
|
|
|
0.54 |
|
|
|
214 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Purchases
|
|
|
2,085,400 |
|
|
|
8.51 |
|
|
|
17,748 |
|
|
|
(473 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Sales
|
|
|
518,951 |
|
|
|
8.50 |
|
|
|
4,409 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
649 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Positions
maturing in 12 months following December 31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Purchases
|
|
|
588,950 |
|
|
$ |
7.79 |
|
|
$ |
4,586 |
|
|
$ |
(246 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Sales
|
|
|
1,568,400 |
|
|
|
8.54 |
|
|
|
13,391 |
|
|
|
1,318 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Basis Swap Purchases
|
|
|
397,500 |
|
|
|
0.54 |
|
|
|
214 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Purchases
|
|
|
1,568,400 |
|
|
|
8.32 |
|
|
|
13,044 |
|
|
|
(655 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Sales
|
|
|
518,951 |
|
|
|
8.50 |
|
|
|
4,409 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
549 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
maximum term for the derivative contracts listed above is 48
months.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Positions as of December 31, 2006
|
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Purchases
|
|
|
246,900 |
|
|
$ |
7.34 |
|
|
$ |
1,811 |
|
|
$ |
(304 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Futures/Swaps Sales
|
|
|
1,952,150 |
|
|
|
8.42 |
|
|
|
16,444 |
|
|
|
2,815 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Basis Swap Purchases
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
|
0.42 |
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Basis Swap Sales
|
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
0.50 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Purchases
|
|
|
220,000 |
|
|
|
5.50 |
|
|
|
1,210 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Cash
Settled Option Sales
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
|
10.10 |
|
|
|
1,111 |
|
|
|
(39 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Purchases
|
|
|
1,964,150 |
|
|
|
8.27 |
|
|
|
16,244 |
|
|
|
(1,974 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Sales
|
|
|
114,974 |
|
|
|
9.62 |
|
|
|
1,106 |
|
|
|
310 |
|
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Basis Purchases
|
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
0.45 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
Natural
Gas
|
|
Physical
Basis Sales
|
|
|
90,000 |
|
|
|
0.44 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
875 |
|
In
addition to including the gross assets and liabilities related to our share of
oil and gas production, the above tables and our consolidated balance sheets
include the gross assets and liabilities related to derivative contracts we
entered into on behalf of the affiliate partnerships as the managing general
partner. Our consolidated balance sheets include the fair value of
derivatives and a corresponding net receivable from the partnerships of $1.5
million at December 31, 2007, and a corresponding net payable to the
partnerships of $7.5 million as of December 31, 2006.
We are
required to maintain margin deposits with brokers for outstanding futures
contracts. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, restricted cash in the
amount of $0.3 million and $0.5 million was on deposit.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The
following table identifies the fair value of commodity based derivatives as
classified in our consolidated balance sheets.
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Classification
in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value of derivatives - current asset
|
|
$ |
4,817 |
|
|
$ |
15,012 |
|
Other
assets - long-term asset
|
|
|
193 |
|
|
|
1,146 |
|
|
|
|
5,010 |
|
|
|
16,158 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value of derivatives - current liability
|
|
|
6,291 |
|
|
|
2,545 |
|
Other
liabilities - long-term liability
|
|
|
93 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
6,384 |
|
|
|
2,545 |
|
Net
fair value of commodity based derivatives - (liability)
asset
|
|
$ |
(1,374 |
) |
|
$ |
13,613 |
|
The
following changes in the fair value of commodity based derivatives are reflected
in our consolidated statements of income (in millions):
|
|
Twelve
Months Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Statement
of income line item
|
|
Realized
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
Realized
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
Realized
|
|
|
Unrealized
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands, gain/(loss))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas price risk management gain (loss), net
(1)
|
|
$ |
7,173 |
|
|
$ |
(4,417 |
) |
|
$ |
1,895 |
|
|
$ |
7,252 |
|
|
$ |
(6,367 |
) |
|
$ |
(3,001 |
) |
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
(2)
|
|
|
3,870 |
|
|
|
(1,736 |
) |
|
|
2,592 |
|
|
|
12,291 |
|
|
|
(5,643 |
) |
|
|
(8,472 |
) |
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
(2)
|
|
|
(482 |
) |
|
|
1,511 |
|
|
|
(1,908 |
) |
|
|
(11,923 |
) |
|
|
(1,266 |
) |
|
|
8,247 |
|
__________
|
(1)
|
Includes
realized and unrealized gains and losses on commodity based derivative
instruments related to PDC.
|
|
(2)
|
Includes
realized and unrealized gains and losses on commodity based derivatives
instruments related to RNG only.
|
Pursuant
to SFAS No. 133, at this time our derivatives do not qualify for designation as
cash flow hedges. Changes in the fair value of these non-qualifying
derivatives that occur prior to their maturity (i.e., temporary fluctuations in
value) are reported currently in our consolidated statements of operations as
unrealized gains (losses). Oil and gas price risk management gain
(loss), net includes realized and unrealized gains and losses on commodity based
derivatives related to our oil and gas sales. Gas sales from
marketing activities and cost of gas marketing activities includes realized and
unrealized gains and losses on commodity based derivatives related to the RNG
gas sales and gas purchases, respectively.
NOTE
16 - SALE OF OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES
Grand
Valley Field Properties
In July
2006, we sold to an unaffiliated company a portion of our undeveloped leasehold
located in Grand Valley Field, Garfield County, Colorado. The sale
encompassed 100% of the working interest in approximately 8,700 acres, including
approximately 6,400 acres of the Chevron leasehold and 2,300 acres of the
Puckett Land Company leasehold. We retained approximately 475
undeveloped locations on 10 acre spacing on the Grand Valley Field leasehold in
addition to all of our producing properties in the field. The
proceeds from the sale were $353.6 million. We recorded a gain on
sale of leaseholds of $328 million and a deferred gain on sale of leaseholds of
$25.6 million.
Pursuant
to the purchase and sale agreement, we were obligated to either drill 16 wells
on specifically identified acreage over the next three years or pay liquidated
damages of $1.6 million per un-drilled well for a total contingent obligation of
$25.6 million, which was reflected as a deferred gain on sale of leaseholds on
the balance sheet as of December 31, 2006. In May 2007, we entered
into a letter agreement amending the original purchase and sale
agreement. The letter agreement relieved us of the obligation, in its
entirety, to either drill 16 wells or pay liquidated damages, resulting in the
recognition of the remaining $25.6 million deferred gain on sale of leaseholds
in the second quarter of 2007. Pursuant to the letter agreement, we
were obligated to drill six wells on specifically identified
acreage. As of December 31, 2007, we had drilled all six wells, which
were drilled on the unaffiliated party's leasehold for its benefit and at its
cost.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
In
conjunction with the purchase and sale agreement described above, we entered
into a LKE agreement, in accordance with Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue
Code, with a “qualified intermediary.” Proceeds in the amount of $300
million were transferred directly to the qualified intermediary to be held in
trust pursuant to the terms of the LKE agreement. We had until
mid-January 2007 to close any acquisition of suitable like-kind property,
allowing us to take advantage of the income tax deferral benefits of a LKE
transaction.
In
December 2007, we sold to the same unaffiliated party above a portion of our
North Dakota properties for approximately $34.7 million. The
properties, located in Dunn, Williams and McKenzie Counties, North Dakota,
include interests in five producing Bakken wells and approximately 72,000 net
undeveloped acres. The reduction in our production and proved
reserves as a result of this transaction is not material. We recorded
a gain on sale of leaseholds of $7.7 million in the fourth quarter of
2007. The proceeds from the sale were used to pay down
debt. Following the sale, we retain ownership in three producing
wells in Dunn County, ten producing wells in Burke County and approximately
60,000 acres of undeveloped leasehold in Burke County.
During
2005, we sold a portion of an undeveloped leasehold in the Grand Valley Field to
an unaffiliated entity. The proceeds of the sale were $6.2 million
and our carrying value of the property was zero. The gain of $6.2
million was recognized in 2005 and is included in gain on sale of leaseholds in
our consolidated statement of income.
Appalachian
Basin Properties
Additionally,
in 2005, we completed the sale to an unaffiliated party of 111 Pennsylvania
wells we purchased in 1998. We received proceeds of $3.4 million and
recorded a gain of $1.5 million, which is included in gain on sale of leaseholds
in our consolidated statement of income.
NOTE
17 - BUSINESS SEGMENTS
Our
operating activities can be divided into four major segments: oil and gas well
drilling operations, natural gas marketing, oil and gas sales, and well
operations and pipeline income. We drill natural gas wells for
Company-sponsored drilling partnerships and retain an interest in each
well. A wholly-owned subsidiary, Riley Natural Gas, engages in the
marketing of natural gas to commercial and industrial end-users. We
own an interest in approximately 4,354 wells from which we sell our oil and gas
production from our working interests in the wells. We charge
Company-sponsored partnerships and other third parties competitive industry
rates for well operations and gas gathering. All material
inter-company accounts and transactions between segments have been
eliminated. Segment information for the years ended December 31,
2007, 2006 and 2005 is presented below.
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Oil
and gas sales (1)
|
|
$ |
177,943 |
|
|
$ |
124,336 |
|
|
$ |
93,191 |
|
Natural
gas marketing
|
|
|
103,624 |
|
|
|
131,326 |
|
|
|
121,114 |
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
12,154 |
|
|
|
17,917 |
|
|
|
99,963 |
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
9,342 |
|
|
|
10,704 |
|
|
|
8,760 |
|
Unallocated
amounts
|
|
|
2,172 |
|
|
|
2,220 |
|
|
|
2,170 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
305,235 |
|
|
$ |
286,503 |
|
|
$ |
325,198 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment
Income Before Income Taxes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales (2)
|
|
$ |
42,068 |
|
|
$ |
61,868 |
|
|
$ |
46,095 |
|
Natural
gas marketing
|
|
|
3,822 |
|
|
|
1,816 |
|
|
|
1,737 |
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
9,646 |
|
|
|
5,300 |
|
|
|
11,778 |
|
Well
operations and pipeline income (3)
|
|
|
3,136 |
|
|
|
2,823 |
|
|
|
3,539 |
|
Unallocated
amounts (4)(5)
|
|
|
(4,482 |
) |
|
|
315,602 |
|
|
|
2,979 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
54,190 |
|
|
$ |
387,409 |
|
|
$ |
66,128 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
As
of December 31,
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Segment
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
& gas sales
|
|
$ |
862,237 |
|
|
$ |
394,952 |
|
|
$ |
251,897 |
|
Natural
gas marketing
|
|
|
40,269 |
|
|
|
39,899 |
|
|
|
56,518 |
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
4,959 |
|
|
|
87,746 |
|
|
|
89,030 |
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
26,156 |
|
|
|
28,895 |
|
|
|
31,407 |
|
Unallocated
amounts (6)
|
|
|
116,858 |
|
|
|
332,795 |
|
|
|
15,509 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
1,050,479 |
|
|
$ |
884,287 |
|
|
$ |
444,361 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year
ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenditures
for Segment Long-Lived Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
& gas sales
|
|
$ |
226,801 |
|
|
$ |
133,401 |
|
|
$ |
92,907 |
|
Natural
gas marketing
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
1 |
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
6,715 |
|
|
|
1,419 |
|
|
|
3,949 |
|
Unallocated
amounts
|
|
|
5,472 |
|
|
|
12,125 |
|
|
|
2,452 |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
238,988 |
|
|
$ |
146,945 |
|
|
$ |
99,309 |
|
(1)
|
Includes
oil and gas price risk management gain (loss),
net.
|
(2)
|
Includes
$23.6, $8.1 and $11.1 million in exploration costs and $68.1, $31.3 and
$19.3 million in DD&A expense in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
|
(3)
|
Includes
$1.2, $1.9 and $1.5 million in DD&A expense in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively.
|
(4)
|
Includes
interest income for PDC operations, $0.8, $0.6 and $0.3 million in
interest income allocated to natural gas marketing in 2007, 2006 and 2005,
respectively, in addition to partnership management
fees.
|
(5)
|
Includes
$1.6, $0.5, and $0.3 million in DD&A expense in 2007, 2006 and 2005
respectively.
|
(6)
|
The
December 31, 2006, amount was expended in early 2007 in LKE transactions;
the assets and liabilities of which have been included in the oil and gas
sales segment.
|
NOTE 18 – SUPPLEMENTAL CASH
FLOW
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Cash
paid for:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
$ |
12,557 |
|
|
$ |
3,011 |
|
|
$ |
101 |
|
Income
taxes
|
|
|
43,785 |
|
|
|
46,735 |
|
|
|
10,675 |
|
Non-cash
investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change
in deferred tax liability resulting from reallocation of acquisition
purchase price
|
|
|
4,188 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Changes
in accounts payable - affiliates related to acquisition of
partnerships
|
|
|
668 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
Changes
in accounts payable related to purchases of properties and
equipment
|
|
|
32,820 |
|
|
|
1,800 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Changes
related to investment in drilling partnership
|
|
|
18,712 |
|
|
|
(7,151 |
) |
|
|
(7,160 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset
retirement obligation, with a corresponding increase to oil and gas
properties, net of disposals
|
|
|
7,850 |
|
|
|
3,164 |
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
NOTE
19 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Issuance
and Sale of Senior Notes
On
February 8, 2008, we completed the issuance and sale of $203 million aggregate
principal amount of 12% senior notes due 2018. The senior notes were
offered and sold in private transactions pursuant to Rule 144A and Regulation S
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The offer and sale of
the senior notes were not registered under the Securities Act.
The
senior notes accrue interest from February 8, 2008, at a rate of 12% per year
and interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of
each year, commencing on August 15, 2008. The notes are senior
unsecured obligations and rank, in right of payment, equally with all of our
existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness and senior to any of our
existing and future subordinated indebtedness. The notes are
effectively subordinated to any of our existing or future secured indebtedness
to the extent of the assets securing such indebtedness.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
We may,
at our option, redeem all or part of the notes, at any time prior to February
15, 2013, at a make-whole price, and on or after February 15, 2013, at fixed
redemption prices, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of
redemption.
At any
time, which may be more than once, before February 15, 2011, we may redeem up to
35% of the outstanding notes with proceeds from one or more equity offerings at
a redemption price of 112% of the principal amount of the notes redeemed, plus
accrued and unpaid interest, as long as:
|
·
|
at
least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes issued on
February 8, 2008, remains outstanding after each such redemption;
and
|
|
·
|
the
redemption occurs within 180 days after the closing of the equity
offering.
|
The
indenture governing the senior notes contains covenants that, among other
things, limit our ability and the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to
incur additional debt; make certain investments or pay dividends or
distributions on our capital stock or purchase or redeem or retire capital
stock; sell assets, including capital stock of our restricted subsidiaries;
restrict dividends or other payments by restricted subsidiaries; create liens
that secure debt; enter into transactions with affiliates; and merge or
consolidate with another company.
Additionally,
if we experience certain kinds of changes of control, we must give holders of
the notes the opportunity to sell to us their notes at 101% of their principal
amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
We used
the net proceeds from the sale of the senior notes to repay debt outstanding
under our revolving credit facility and for general corporate
purposes.
Registration
Rights Agreement
On
February 8, 2008, we entered into a registration rights agreement with the
initial purchasers named therein, pursuant to which we agreed to use our
commercially reasonable efforts to (i) file with the SEC a registration
statement on an appropriate form under the Securities Act relating to a
registered exchange offer for the notes described above under the Securities Act
and (ii) cause the exchange offer registration statement to be declared
effective under the Securities Act within 365 days following February 8,
2008. If we fail to comply with certain obligations under the
registration rights agreement, we will be required to pay liquidated damages to
the holders of our senior notes in accordance with the provisions of the
registration rights agreement. We do not believe it is probable that
we will be required to make such payments; therefore, have not recorded a
liability at this time.
Departure
of Executive Officer
On
February 8, 2008, we accepted the resignation for good reason of Thomas E. Riley
as our President and Director. In accordance with the provisions of
his employment agreement, Mr. Riley will receive a single lump sum cash payment
of $1,877,343 as separation compensation and retirement compensation equal to
$37,500 per year for ten years beginning January 1,
2009. Additionally, a separation agreement executed on February 8,
2008, provides for the of vesting 16,123 shares of restricted stock and stock
options to purchase 4,678 shares of our common stock. We will
recognize expense of approximately $3.2 million in the first quarter of 2008 in
connection with the resignation of Mr. Riley.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
NOTE
20 – SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS INFORMATION - UNAUDITED
Costs
Incurred in Oil and Gas Property Acquisition, Exploration and Development
Activities (Unaudited)
We
incurred costs in oil and gas property acquisition, exploration and development
are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Acquisition
of properties:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved
properties
|
|
$ |
257,330 |
|
|
$ |
802 |
|
|
$ |
1,608 |
|
Unproved
properties
|
|
|
13,701 |
|
|
|
11,926 |
|
|
|
16,910 |
|
Development
costs
|
|
|
194,031 |
|
|
|
114,487 |
|
|
|
68,605 |
|
Exploration
costs:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exploratory
drilling
|
|
|
12,972 |
|
|
|
18,660 |
|
|
|
12,943 |
|
Geological
and Geophysical
|
|
|
6,299 |
|
|
|
2,234 |
|
|
|
- |
|
Total
costs incurred
|
|
$ |
484,333 |
|
|
$ |
148,109 |
|
|
$ |
100,066 |
|
The
proved reserves attributable to the development costs in the above table were
216,383 MMcf and 3,700 MBbls for 2007, 64,126 MMcf and 2,955 MBbls for
2006 and 76,669 MMcf and 1,576 MBbls for 2005. Of the above
development costs incurred for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005,
the amounts of $37.1 million, $20.1 million and $23.8 million, respectively,
were incurred to develop proved undeveloped properties from the prior year
end.
Property
acquisition costs include costs incurred to purchase, lease or otherwise acquire
a property. Development costs include costs incurred to gain access
to and prepare development well locations for drilling, to drill and equip
development wells, recompletions and to provide facilities to extract, treat,
gather and store oil and gas. Exploration costs include costs
incurred in identifying areas that may warrant examination and in examining
specific areas that are considered to have prospects of containing oil and gas
reserves.
Capitalized
Oil and Gas Costs (Unaudited)
Aggregate
capitalized costs for related to oil and gas exploration and production
activities with applicable accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization
are presented below:
|
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved
oil and gas properties
|
|
$ |
953,904 |
|
|
$ |
473,451 |
|
Unproved
oil and gas properties
|
|
|
41,023 |
|
|
|
27,055 |
|
|
|
|
994,927 |
|
|
|
500,506 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less
accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization
|
|
|
196,310 |
|
|
|
133,172 |
|
|
|
$ |
798,617 |
|
|
$ |
367,334 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Results
of Operations for Oil and Gas Producing Activities (Unaudited)
The
results of operations for oil and gas producing activities (excluding marketing)
are presented below.
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
175,187 |
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
|
$ |
102,559 |
|
Oil
and gas price risk management gain (loss), net
|
|
|
2,756 |
|
|
|
9,147 |
|
|
|
(9,368 |
) |
|
|
|
177,943 |
|
|
|
124,336 |
|
|
|
93,191 |
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production
costs
|
|
|
44,238 |
|
|
|
20,855 |
|
|
|
16,194 |
|
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
|
68,086 |
|
|
|
30,988 |
|
|
|
19,322 |
|
Exploration
costs
|
|
|
23,551 |
|
|
|
8,131 |
|
|
|
11,115 |
|
|
|
|
135,875 |
|
|
|
59,974 |
|
|
|
46,631 |
|
Results
of operations for oil and gas producing activities before provision for
income taxes
|
|
|
42,068 |
|
|
|
64,362 |
|
|
|
46,560 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision
for income taxes
|
|
|
16,280 |
|
|
|
24,818 |
|
|
|
18,112 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Results
of operations for oil and gas producing activities (excluding corporate
overhead and interest costs)
|
|
$ |
25,788 |
|
|
$ |
39,544 |
|
|
$ |
28,448 |
|
Production
costs include those costs incurred to operate and maintain productive wells and
related equipment, including costs such as labor, repairs, maintenance,
materials, supplies, fuel consumed, insurance and production and severance
taxes. In addition, production costs include administrative expenses
and depreciation applicable to support equipment associated with these
activities. Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense includes those
costs associated with capitalized acquisition, exploration and development
costs, but does not include the depreciation applicable to support
equipment. The provision for income taxes is computed
using effective tax rates.
Net
Proved Oil and Gas Reserves (Unaudited)
Our
proved oil and natural gas reserves have been estimated by independent petroleum
engineers. Wright & Company prepared for us reserve reports
estimating our proved reserves at December 31, 2007 and 2006, in the Appalachian
and Michigan Basins. Ryder Scott Company, L.P. prepared for us
reserve reports estimating our proved reserves at December 31, 2007 and 2006, in
the Rocky Mountain Region. Wright & Company prepared reserve
reports for us estimating all of our reserves at December 31, 2005, with the
exception of our North Dakota wells, which were prepared by Ryder Scott Company,
L.P. These reserve estimates have been prepared in compliance with
professional standards and the reserves definitions prescribed by the
SEC.
Proved
reserves are the estimated quantities of oil and natural gas that geologic and
engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in
future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating
conditions. Estimates of proved reserves may change, either
positively or negatively, as additional information becomes available and as
contractual, economic and political conditions change. The Company's
net proved reserve estimates have been adjusted as necessary to reflect all
contractual agreements, royalty obligations and interests owned by others at the
time of the estimate.
Proved
developed reserves are the quantities of oil and natural gas expected to be
recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating
methods. In some cases, proved undeveloped reserves may require
substantial new investments in additional wells and related
facilities.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
An
analysis of the change in estimated quantities of oil and gas reserves, all of
which are located within the United States, is shown below.
|
|
Oil
(MBbl)
|
|
|
Gas
(MMcf)
|
|
|
Total
(MMcfe)
|
|
Proved
Reserves:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved
reserves, January 1, 2005
|
|
|
3,316 |
|
|
|
197,548 |
|
|
|
217,444 |
|
Revisions
of previous estimates
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
(6,894 |
) |
|
|
(6,414 |
) |
Extensions,
discoveries and other additions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
1,576 |
|
|
|
76,669 |
|
|
|
86,125 |
|
Purchases
of reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
basin
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
434 |
|
|
|
434 |
|
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
47 |
|
Rocky
Mountain region
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
101 |
|
Dispositions
to partnerships
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(9,556 |
) |
|
|
(9,556 |
) |
Production
|
|
|
(439 |
) |
|
|
(11,031 |
) |
|
|
(13,665 |
) |
Proved
reserves, December 31, 2005
|
|
|
4,538 |
|
|
|
247,288 |
|
|
|
274,516 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revisions
of previous estimates
|
|
|
226 |
|
|
|
(21,721 |
) |
|
|
(20,365 |
) |
Extensions,
discoveries and other additions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
225 |
|
|
|
225 |
|
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
2,955 |
|
|
|
63,901 |
|
|
|
81,631 |
|
Purchases
of reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
basin
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
222 |
|
|
|
222 |
|
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
|
35 |
|
Rocky
Mountain region
|
|
|
276 |
|
|
|
3,504 |
|
|
|
5,160 |
|
Dispositions
to partnerships
|
|
|
(92 |
) |
|
|
(1,215 |
) |
|
|
(1,767 |
) |
Production
|
|
|
(631 |
) |
|
|
(13,161 |
) |
|
|
(16,947 |
) |
Proved
reserves, December 31, 2006
|
|
|
7,272 |
|
|
|
279,078 |
|
|
|
322,710 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revisions
of previous estimates
|
|
|
1,375 |
|
|
|
14,177 |
|
|
|
22,427 |
|
Extensions,
discoveries and other additions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
Basin
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
5,493 |
|
|
|
5,493 |
|
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
488 |
|
|
|
488 |
|
Rocky
Mountain Region
|
|
|
3,700 |
|
|
|
210,402 |
|
|
|
232,602 |
|
Purchases
of reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appalachian
basin
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
63,014 |
|
|
|
63,026 |
|
Michigan
Basin
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
6,059 |
|
|
|
6,059 |
|
Rocky
Mountain region
|
|
|
4,490 |
|
|
|
39,239 |
|
|
|
66,179 |
|
Dispositions
to partnerships
|
|
|
(591 |
) |
|
|
(1,874 |
) |
|
|
(5,420 |
) |
Production
|
|
|
(910 |
) |
|
|
(22,513 |
) |
|
|
(27,973 |
) |
Proved
reserves, December 31, 2007
|
|
|
15,338 |
|
|
|
593,563 |
|
|
|
685,591 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved
Developed Reserves, As of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January
1, 2005
|
|
|
3,190 |
|
|
|
146,152 |
|
|
|
165,292 |
|
December
31, 2005
|
|
|
3,860 |
|
|
|
155,354 |
|
|
|
178,514 |
|
December
31, 2006
|
|
|
4,629 |
|
|
|
158,978 |
|
|
|
186,752 |
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
8,927 |
|
|
|
314,123 |
|
|
|
367,685 |
|
2007 Activity. In
2007, we recorded an upward revision to our previous estimate of proved reserves
of approximately 22 Bcfe. The revision was primarily due to an
increase of approximately 25 Bcfe and 12 Bcfe, respectively, due to asset
performance and higher commodity prices, partially offset by a decrease of
approximately 15 Bcfe due primarily to increased operating costs, adjustments to
proved undeveloped reserve values and change in well ownership
interests. New discoveries and extensions of 239 Bcfe in 2007 are due
to the drilling of 218 net wells and the addition of new proved undeveloped
reserves. Approximately 233 Bcfe were added in the Rocky Mountain
Region, with 43 Bcfe in the Wattenberg Field, 170 Bcfe in Grand Valley Field and
19 Bcfe in the NECO area. We acquired approximately 135 Bcfe of
proved reserves through purchases of oil and natural gas
properties. In the Rocky Mountain Region approximately 66 Bcfe
of proved reserves were acquired in the Wattenberg Field, in the Appalachian
Basin approximately 75 Bcfe were acquired and approximately 6 Bcfe in the
Michigan Basin. We sold proved reserves of approximately 5 Bcfe to
unaffiliated third parties and to our sponsored partnerships for drilling
activity.
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
2006 Activity. In
2006 we recorded a downward revision to our previous estimate of proved reserves
of approximately 20 Bcfe. The revision was primarily due to a
decrease of 3 Bcfe due to asset performance and a decrease of 10 Bcfe due
to lower commodity prices and a decrease of approximately 7 Bcfe due to changes
in proved undeveloped reserve value, operating expense, and well ownership
interests. New discoveries and extensions in 2006 of approximately 82
Bcfe were primarily due to the drilling of 91 net wells and adding new proved
undeveloped reserves in the Rocky Mountain Region. Approximately 34
Bcfe were added in Wattenberg Field, 33 Bcfe in Grand Valley Field and 12 Bcfe
in the NECO area. We acquired approximately 5 Bcfe of proved reserves
through purchases of oil and natural gas properties in Wattenberg
Field. We sold proved reserves of approximately 2 Bcfe to our
sponsored partnerships.
2005 Activity. In
2005, we recorded a downward revision to our previous estimate of proved
reserves of approximately 6 Bcfe. The revision was primarily due to a
decrease of 15 Bcfe due to asset performance, partially offset by additions of 6
Bcfe and 3 Bcfe, respectively, due to commodity price increases and proved
undeveloped values, operating expense changes and well ownership
interests. New discoveries and extensions in 2005 of approximately 86
Bcfe were primarily due to the drilling of 65 net wells and additions of new
proved undeveloped reserves in the Rocky Mountain
Region. Approximately 11 Bcfe were added in Wattenberg Field, 44 Bcfe
were added in Grand Valley Field and 27 Bcfe were added in the NECO
area. We sold proved reserves of approximately 10 Bcfe to our
sponsored partnership.
Standardized
Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows and Changes Therein Relating to
Proved Oil and Gas Reserves (Unaudited)
Summarized
in the following table is information with respect to the standardized measure
of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas
reserves. Future cash inflows are computed by applying year-end
prices of oil and gas relating to our proved reserves to the year-end quantities
of those reserves. Future production, development, site restoration
and abandonment costs are derived based on current costs assuming continuation
of existing economic conditions. Future income tax expenses are
computed by applying the statutory rate in effect at the end of each year to the
future pretax net cash flows, less the tax basis of the properties and gives
effect to permanent differences, tax credits and allowances related to the
properties.
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Future
estimated cash flows
|
|
$ |
5,257,962 |
|
|
$ |
1,804,796 |
|
|
$ |
2,381,238 |
|
Future
estimated production costs
|
|
|
(1,374,027 |
) |
|
|
(571,346 |
) |
|
|
(545,683 |
) |
Future
estimated development costs
|
|
|
(876,961 |
) |
|
|
(373,460 |
) |
|
|
(207,164 |
) |
Future
estimated income tax expense
|
|
|
(1,159,489 |
) |
|
|
(334,536 |
) |
|
|
(633,444 |
) |
Future
net cash flows
|
|
|
1,847,485 |
|
|
|
525,454 |
|
|
|
994,947 |
|
10%
annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows
|
|
|
(1,094,414 |
) |
|
|
(309,792 |
) |
|
|
(589,517 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Standardized
measure of discounted future estimated net cash flows
|
|
$ |
753,071 |
|
|
$ |
215,662 |
|
|
$ |
405,430 |
|
The
following table summarizes the principal sources of change in the standardized
measure of discounted future estimated net cash flows.
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales
of oil and gas production net of production costs
|
|
$ |
(137,725 |
) |
|
$ |
(94,337 |
) |
|
$ |
(86,366 |
) |
Net
changes in prices and production costs
|
|
|
157,797 |
|
|
|
(301,132 |
) |
|
|
188,836 |
|
Extensions,
discoveries, and improved recovery, less related costs
|
|
|
317,031 |
|
|
|
46,109 |
|
|
|
150,654 |
|
Sales
of reserves
|
|
|
(7,846 |
) |
|
|
(3,356 |
) |
|
|
(14,456 |
) |
Purchase
of reserves
|
|
|
342,792 |
|
|
|
11,003 |
|
|
|
1,266 |
|
Development
costs incurred during the period
|
|
|
42,510 |
|
|
|
20,051 |
|
|
|
24,035 |
|
Revisions
of previous quantity estimates
|
|
|
92,462 |
|
|
|
(22,090 |
) |
|
|
4,917 |
|
Changes
in estimated income taxes
|
|
|
(335,327 |
) |
|
|
120,818 |
|
|
|
(112,054 |
) |
Accretion
of discount
|
|
|
38,660 |
|
|
|
62,838 |
|
|
|
38,241 |
|
Timing
and other
|
|
|
27,055 |
|
|
|
(29,672 |
) |
|
|
(19,071 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
537,409 |
|
|
$ |
(189,768 |
) |
|
$ |
176,002 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
It is
necessary to emphasize that the data presented should not be viewed as
representing the expected cash flow from, or current value of, existing proved
reserves since the computations are based on a large number of estimates and
arbitrary assumptions. Reserve quantities cannot be measured with
precision and their estimation requires many judgmental determinations and
frequent revisions. The required projection of production and related
expenditures over time requires further estimates with respect to pipeline
availability, rates of demand and governmental control. Actual future
prices and costs are likely to be substantially different from the current
prices and costs utilized in the computation of reported amounts. Any
analysis or evaluation of the reported amounts should give specific recognition
to the computational methods utilized and the limitations inherent
therein.
The
estimated present value of future cash flows relating to proved reserves is
extremely sensitive to prices used at any measurement period. The
average December 31 price used for each commodity at December 31, 2007, 2006 and
2005 is presented below.
|
|
Average
Price
|
|
As
of December 31,
|
|
Oil
|
|
|
Gas
|
|
2007
|
|
$ |
80.67 |
|
|
$ |
6.77 |
|
2006
|
|
|
57.70 |
|
|
|
4.96 |
|
2005
|
|
|
58.25 |
|
|
|
8.56 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
NOTE
21 - QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
Quarterly
financial data for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, are presented
below The sum of the quarters may not equal the total of the
year's net income per share due to changes in the weighted average shares
outstanding throughout the year.
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
Quarter
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First
|
|
|
Second
|
|
|
Third
|
|
|
Fourth
|
|
|
Year
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
34,016 |
|
|
$ |
39,246 |
|
|
$ |
44,437 |
|
|
$ |
57,488 |
|
|
$ |
175,187 |
|
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
21,987 |
|
|
|
29,924 |
|
|
|
19,934 |
|
|
|
31,779 |
|
|
|
103,624 |
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
4,030 |
|
|
|
1,739 |
|
|
|
1,573 |
|
|
|
4,812 |
|
|
|
12,154 |
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
3,298 |
|
|
|
1,292 |
|
|
|
2,092 |
|
|
|
2,660 |
|
|
|
9,342 |
|
Oil
and gas price risk management (loss) gain, net
|
|
|
(5,645 |
) |
|
|
3,742 |
|
|
|
6,345 |
|
|
|
(1,686 |
) |
|
|
2,756 |
|
Other
income
|
|
|
226 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1,894 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
2,172 |
|
Total
revenues
|
|
|
57,912 |
|
|
|
75,945 |
|
|
|
76,275 |
|
|
|
95,103 |
|
|
|
305,235 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs
and expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas production costs and well operations costs
|
|
|
9,035 |
|
|
|
11,628 |
|
|
|
12,645 |
|
|
|
15,956 |
|
|
|
49,264 |
|
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
21,512 |
|
|
|
28,780 |
|
|
|
19,810 |
|
|
|
30,482 |
|
|
|
100,584 |
|
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
564 |
|
|
|
246 |
|
|
|
749 |
|
|
|
949 |
|
|
|
2,508 |
|
Exploration
expense
|
|
|
2,678 |
|
|
|
6,780 |
|
|
|
5,337 |
|
|
|
8,756 |
|
|
|
23,551 |
|
General
and administrative expense
|
|
|
7,424 |
|
|
|
6,886 |
|
|
|
7,513 |
|
|
|
9,145 |
|
|
|
30,968 |
|
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
|
13,074 |
|
|
|
17,429 |
|
|
|
20,354 |
|
|
|
19,987 |
|
|
|
70,844 |
|
Total
costs and expenses
|
|
|
54,287 |
|
|
|
71,749 |
|
|
|
66,408 |
|
|
|
85,275 |
|
|
|
277,719 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain
on sale of leaseholds
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
25,600 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
7,691 |
|
|
|
33,291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from operations
|
|
|
3,625 |
|
|
|
29,796 |
|
|
|
9,867 |
|
|
|
17,519 |
|
|
|
60,807 |
|
Interest
income
|
|
|
1,143 |
|
|
|
454 |
|
|
|
462 |
|
|
|
603 |
|
|
|
2,662 |
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
(831 |
) |
|
|
(1,450 |
) |
|
|
(2,544 |
) |
|
|
(4,454 |
) |
|
|
(9,279 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
before income taxes
|
|
|
3,937 |
|
|
|
28,800 |
|
|
|
7,785 |
|
|
|
13,668 |
|
|
|
54,190 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
taxes
|
|
|
1,436 |
|
|
|
10,749 |
|
|
|
3,326 |
|
|
|
5,470 |
|
|
|
20,981 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
2,501 |
|
|
$ |
18,051 |
|
|
$ |
4,459 |
|
|
$ |
8,198 |
|
|
$ |
33,209 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
0.17 |
|
|
$ |
1.22 |
|
|
$ |
0.30 |
|
|
$ |
0.56 |
|
|
$ |
2.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
0.17 |
|
|
$ |
1.21 |
|
|
$ |
0.30 |
|
|
$ |
0.55 |
|
|
$ |
2.24 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
Quarter
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First
|
|
|
Second
|
|
|
Third
|
|
|
Fourth
|
|
|
Year
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas sales
|
|
$ |
28,332 |
|
|
$ |
27,992 |
|
|
$ |
30,577 |
|
|
$ |
28,288 |
|
|
$ |
115,189 |
|
Sales
from natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
41,942 |
|
|
|
29,129 |
|
|
|
30,374 |
|
|
|
29,880 |
|
|
|
131,325 |
|
Oil
and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
5,278 |
|
|
|
3,745 |
|
|
|
2,659 |
|
|
|
6,235 |
|
|
|
17,917 |
|
Well
operations and pipeline income
|
|
|
2,290 |
|
|
|
2,486 |
|
|
|
2,536 |
|
|
|
3,392 |
|
|
|
10,704 |
|
Oil
and gas price risk management gain, net
|
|
|
4,925 |
|
|
|
1,370 |
|
|
|
2,707 |
|
|
|
145 |
|
|
|
9,147 |
|
Other
income
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
1,964 |
|
|
|
233 |
|
|
|
2,221 |
|
Total
revenues
|
|
|
82,770 |
|
|
|
64,743 |
|
|
|
70,817 |
|
|
|
68,173 |
|
|
|
286,503 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs
and expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
and gas production and well operations costs
|
|
|
6,949 |
|
|
|
6,830 |
|
|
|
8,584 |
|
|
|
6,658 |
|
|
|
29,021 |
|
Cost
of natural gas marketing activities
|
|
|
41,780 |
|
|
|
28,471 |
|
|
|
29,988 |
|
|
|
29,911 |
|
|
|
130,150 |
|
Cost
of oil and gas well drilling operations
|
|
|
4,212 |
|
|
|
3,278 |
|
|
|
3,838 |
|
|
|
1,289 |
|
|
|
12,617 |
|
Exploration
expense
|
|
|
1,208 |
|
|
|
1,898 |
|
|
|
2,180 |
|
|
|
2,845 |
|
|
|
8,131 |
|
General
and administrative expense
|
|
|
3,719 |
|
|
|
5,102 |
|
|
|
5,357 |
|
|
|
4,869 |
|
|
|
19,047 |
|
Depreciation,
depletion and amortization
|
|
|
6,587 |
|
|
|
7,605 |
|
|
|
8,300 |
|
|
|
11,243 |
|
|
|
33,735 |
|
Total
costs and expenses
|
|
|
64,455 |
|
|
|
53,184 |
|
|
|
58,247 |
|
|
|
56,815 |
|
|
|
232,701 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain
on sale of leaseholds
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
328,000 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
328,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from operations
|
|
|
18,315 |
|
|
|
11,559 |
|
|
|
340,570 |
|
|
|
11,358 |
|
|
|
381,802 |
|
Interest
income
|
|
|
392 |
|
|
|
349 |
|
|
|
3,475 |
|
|
|
3,834 |
|
|
|
8,050 |
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
(352 |
) |
|
|
(436 |
) |
|
|
(366 |
) |
|
|
(1,289 |
) |
|
|
(2,443 |
) |
Income
before income taxes
|
|
|
18,355 |
|
|
|
11,472 |
|
|
|
343,679 |
|
|
|
13,903 |
|
|
|
387,409 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
taxes
|
|
|
6,710 |
|
|
|
4,192 |
|
|
|
132,795 |
|
|
|
5,940 |
|
|
|
149,637 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
11,645 |
|
|
$ |
7,280 |
|
|
$ |
210,884 |
|
|
$ |
7,963 |
|
|
$ |
237,772 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
0.72 |
|
|
$ |
0.45 |
|
|
$ |
13.39 |
|
|
$ |
0.54 |
|
|
$ |
15.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
earnings per common share
|
|
$ |
0.72 |
|
|
$ |
0.45 |
|
|
$ |
13.33 |
|
|
$ |
0.54 |
|
|
$ |
15.11 |
|
PETROLEUM
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Schedule
II -VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Description
|
|
Beginning
Balance
January
1
|
|
|
Charged
to
Costs
and Expenses
|
|
|
Deductions
|
|
|
Ending
Balance
December
31
|
|
|
|
(in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
(a)
|
|
$ |
415 |
|
|
$ |
50 |
|
|
$ |
108 |
|
|
$ |
357 |
|
Valuation
allowance for unproved oil and gas properties
(b)
|
|
$ |
596 |
|
|
$ |
2,183 |
|
|
$ |
414 |
|
|
$ |
2,365 |
|
2006:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
(a)
|
|
$ |
409 |
|
|
$ |
7 |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
|
$ |
415 |
|
Valuation
allowance for unproved oil and gas properties
(b)
|
|
$ |
33 |
|
|
$ |
653 |
|
|
$ |
90 |
|
|
$ |
596 |
|
2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance
for doubtful accounts
(a)
|
|
$ |
409 |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
409 |
|
Valuation
allowance for unproved oil and gas properties
(b)
|
|
$ |
- |
|
|
$ |
81 |
|
|
$ |
48 |
|
|
$ |
33 |
|
(a)
Deductions represent the write-off of accounts receivable deemed
uncollectible.
(b)
Deductions represent amortization of expired or abandoned unproved oil
and gas properties.
F-46