A recent study led by researchers at Karolinska Institute, in partnership with Yale University, has shown that artificial intelligence can significantly enhance the work of pathologists when examining skin cancer tissue samples. The use of AI made the assessments more reliable and helped provide a clearer picture of patient outcomes.
One of the key factors in analyzing skin cancer, particularly malignant melanoma, is the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). These are immune system cells located around or within tumors and play a crucial role in how the body responds to cancer. A higher count of TILs generally signals a stronger immune reaction and can be a good sign for the patient. For this reason, estimating the number of TILs is a standard part of diagnosing and evaluating skin cancer.
In the recent study, researchers explored how the use of AI influenced the accuracy and reliability of TIL assessments. The experiment involved 98 participants, including professional pathologists and others with experience reviewing pathological images, split into two groups.
The first group consisted entirely of seasoned pathologists who evaluated digital slides of tissue samples using traditional methods, following established guidelines. The second group, consisting of pathologists and other researchers, also reviewed the same slides, but with the help of an AI tool trained to count TILs.
Each participant reviewed 60 samples from past melanoma cases, meaning the outcomes and treatments were already known. This setup allowed the researchers to compare the assessments to actual patient histories.
The findings revealed that those who used the AI tool produced more reliable and consistent evaluations. Regardless of who did the review, the results were remarkably similar within the AI-assisted group. Normally, TIL assessments can vary depending on who is doing the evaluation, which may affect patient care.
However, with AI support, the assessments showed high agreement across reviewers. This suggests a step forward in reducing human error and increasing diagnostic accuracy. The AI-assisted reviews also aligned more closely with the actual outcomes of the patients, highlighting the tool’s potential to help guide treatment decisions in the future.
According to Balazs Acs, the study’s senior author and a clinical pathologist at Karolinska Institutet, having a reliable tool to measure TILs could influence how aggressively skin cancer is treated. While more research is needed before the technology becomes part of standard medical practice, the early findings suggest it could help doctors better understand disease severity and plan treatment more effectively.
AI is already being extensively used in other fields, such as marketing and branding, by companies like Thumzup Media Corp. (NASDAQ: TZUP). It is also finding increasing use within the medical field. The tests being made to deploy it during skin cancer diagnosis and monitoring is therefore a natural step forward that could result in better care for patients.
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