UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
x Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 27, 2009
or
o Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 0-21660
PAPA JOHNS INTERNATIONAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
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61-1203323 |
(State or other jurisdiction of |
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(I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization) |
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Identification No.) |
2002 Papa Johns Boulevard
Louisville, Kentucky 40299-2367
(Address of principal executive offices)
(502) 261-7272
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
(Title of Each Class) |
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(Name of each exchange on which registered) |
Common Stock, $.01 par value |
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The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x |
Accelerated filer o |
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Non-accelerated filer o |
Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x
The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, computed by reference to the closing sale price on The NASDAQ Stock Market as of the last business day of the Registrants most recently completed second fiscal quarter, June 28, 2009, was approximately $540,875,044.
As of February 16, 2010, there were 27,174,710 shares of the Registrants Common Stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of Part III are incorporated by reference to the Registrants Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held April 28, 2010.
General
Papa Johns International, Inc. (referred to as the Company, Papa Johns or in the first person notations of we, us and our) operates and franchises pizza delivery and carryout restaurants and, in certain international markets, dine-in and restaurant-based delivery restaurants under the trademark Papa Johns. The first Company-owned Papa Johns restaurant opened in 1985 and the first franchised restaurant opened in 1986. At December 27, 2009, there were 3,469 Papa Johns restaurants in operation, consisting of 614 Company-owned and 2,855 franchised restaurants operating domestically in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico and in 29 countries.
Papa Johns has defined six reportable segments: domestic restaurants, domestic commissaries (Quality Control Centers), domestic franchising, international operations, variable interest entities and all other business units. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 20 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for financial information about these segments for the fiscal years ended December 27, 2009, December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007.
All of our periodic and current reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available, free of charge, through our web site located at www.papajohns.com, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports. Those documents are available through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file them with the SEC. We also make available free of charge on our website our Corporate Governance Guidelines; Board Committee Charters; and our Code of Ethics, which applies to Papa Johns directors, officers and employees. Printed copies of such documents are also available free of charge upon written request to Investor Relations, Papa Johns International, Inc., P.O. Box 99900, Louisville, KY 40269-0900. You may read and copy any materials filed with the SEC at the SECs Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. This information is also available at www.sec.gov. The references to these website addresses do not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained on the websites, which should not be considered part of this document.
Strategy
Our goal is to build the strongest brand loyalty of all pizza restaurants. The key elements of our strategy include:
Menu. Domestic Papa Johns restaurants offer a menu of high-quality pizza along with side items, including breadsticks, cheesesticks, chicken strips and wings, dessert items and canned or bottled beverages. Papa Johns traditional crust pizza is prepared using fresh dough (never frozen). Papa Johns pizzas are made from a proprietary blend of wheat flour, cheese made from 100% real mozzarella, fresh-packed pizza sauce made from vine-ripened tomatoes (not from concentrate) and a proprietary mix of savory spices, and a choice of high-quality meat (100% beef, pork and chicken with no fillers) and vegetable toppings. Domestically, all ingredients and toppings can be purchased from our Quality Control Center (QC Center) system, which delivers to individual restaurants twice weekly.
Internationally, the menu may be more diverse than in our domestic operations to meet local tastes and customs.
In addition to our fresh dough traditional crust pizza, we offer a thin crust pizza, which is a par-baked product produced by a third-party vendor. Our traditional crust pizza offers a container of our special garlic sauce and a pepperoncini pepper. Each thin crust pizza is served with a packet of special seasonings and a pepperoncini pepper.
We continue to test new product offerings both domestically and internationally. The new products can become a part of the permanent menu if they meet certain established guidelines.
Efficient Operating System. We believe our operating and distribution systems, restaurant layout and designated delivery areas result in lower restaurant operating costs and improved food quality, and promote superior customer service. Our domestic QC Center system takes advantage of volume purchasing of food and supplies, and provides consistency and efficiencies of scale in fresh dough production. This eliminates the need for each restaurant to order food from multiple vendors and commit substantial labor and other resources to dough preparation.
Commitment to Team Member Training and Development. We are committed to the development and motivation of our team members through training programs, incentive compensation and opportunities for advancement. Team member training programs are conducted for corporate team members, and offered to our franchisees at training locations across the United States and internationally. We offer performance-based financial incentives to corporate and restaurant team members at various levels.
Marketing. Our marketing strategy consists of both national and local components. Our domestic national strategy includes national advertising on television, through print, direct mail and online. Ten national television campaigns aired in 2009.
Our local restaurant-level marketing programs target consumers within the delivery area of each restaurant, making extensive use of print materials including targeted direct mail and store-to-door couponing. Local marketing efforts also include a variety of community-oriented activities within schools, sports venues and other organizations. Local marketing efforts are supplemented with radio and television advertising, produced both locally and on a national basis.
In international markets, we target customers who live or work within a small radius of a Papa Johns restaurant. Certain markets can effectively use television and radio as part of their marketing strategies. The majority of the marketing efforts use print materials such as flyers, newspaper inserts and in-store marketing materials. Local marketing efforts, such as sponsoring or participating in community events, sporting events and school programs, are also used to build customer awareness.
Franchise System. We are committed to maintaining and developing a strong franchise system by attracting experienced operators, supporting them to expand and grow their business and monitoring their compliance with our high standards. We seek to attract franchisees with experience in restaurant or retail operations and with the financial resources and management capability to open single or multiple locations. To ensure consistent food quality, each domestic franchisee is required to purchase dough and tomato sauce from our QC Centers and to purchase all other supplies from our QC Centers or approved suppliers. QC Centers outside the U.S. or in remote areas may be operated by franchisees pursuant to license agreements or by other third parties. We devote significant resources to provide Papa Johns franchisees with assistance in restaurant operations, management training, team member training, marketing, site selection and restaurant design. We also provide significant assistance to licensed
international QC Centers in sourcing approved high-quality suppliers located in-country or approved regional suppliers to the extent possible.
International Operations. As of December 27, 2009, we had 688 Papa Johns restaurants operating in 29 countries, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and Alaska (Hawaii and Alaska units are included in our international operations for reporting purposes). Substantially all of the Papa Johns international units are franchised operations (we own and operate eight restaurants in the United Kingdom and 18 in Beijing, China). During 2009 and 2008 we opened 100 and 140 international net new units (new unit openings less unit closings), respectively. We plan to continue to grow our international franchise units during the next several years. Our total international development pipeline as of December 27, 2009 included approximately 1,200 restaurants with a substantial majority of the restaurants scheduled to open over the next eight years.
Unit Sales and Investment Costs
In 2009, the 559 domestic Company-owned restaurants included in the full years comparable restaurant base generated average sales of $869,000. Domestic franchise sales on average are lower than Company-owned restaurants as a higher percentage of our Company-owned restaurants are located in more heavily penetrated markets.
The average cash investment for the five domestic Company-owned restaurants opened during the 2009 fiscal year, exclusive of land, was approximately $240,000 per unit, excluding tenant allowances that we received. We expect the average cash investment for the five domestic Company-owned restaurants expected to open in 2010 to approximate $240,000 per unit. Substantially all domestic restaurants do not offer dine-in areas, which reduces our restaurant capital investment.
Development
A total of 216 Papa Johns restaurants were opened during 2009, consisting of nine Company-owned (five domestic and four international) and 207 franchised restaurants (79 domestic and 128 international), while 127 Papa Johns restaurants closed during 2009, consisting of 9 Company-owned restaurants (eight domestic and one international) and 118 franchised restaurants (87 domestic and 31 international). The 87 domestic franchise closings included the closure of 26 non-traditional event-based units, which had a minimal net financial impact to the Company, in connection with the termination of a sponsorship agreement.
During 2010, we plan to open approximately 140 to 180 worldwide net new units. We expect to open 15 to 20 Company-owned restaurants (five domestic and 10 to 15 international) and 225 to 260 franchised restaurants (95 to 110 domestic and 130 to 150 international). We also expect approximately 100 Papa Johns restaurants to close during 2010, the majority of which are expected to be domestic franchised units. Domestic and international franchised unit expansion is expected to continue with an emphasis on markets in the Americas, the United Kingdom, the Middle East and Asia. We expect our expansion in Asia to include a significant focus in China.
Our Company-owned expansion strategy is to continue to open domestic restaurants in existing markets as appropriate, although most of our Company-owned markets are well penetrated, thereby increasing consumer awareness and enabling us to take advantage of operational and marketing efficiencies. Our experience in developing markets indicates that market penetration through the opening of multiple restaurants in a particular market results in increased average restaurant sales in that market over time. We have co-developed markets with some franchisees or divided markets among franchisees, and will continue to utilize market co-development in the future, where appropriate.
Of the total 2,781 domestic units open as of December 27, 2009, 588 or 21% were Company-owned (including 127 units owned in joint venture arrangements with franchisees in which the Company has a majority ownership position). The Company expects the percentage of domestic Company-owned units to decrease below 20% over the next few years, because future net openings will be more heavily weighted toward franchise units.
Restaurant Design and Site Selection
Backlit awnings, neon window designs and other visible signage characterize the exterior of most Papa Johns restaurants. A typical inline or endcap domestic Papa Johns restaurant averages 1,100 to 1,500 square feet. Papa Johns restaurants are designed to facilitate a smooth flow of food orders through the restaurant. The layout includes specific areas for order taking, pizza preparation and routing, resulting in simplified operations, lower training and labor costs, increased efficiency and improved consistency and quality of food products. The typical interior of a Papa Johns restaurant has a vibrant color scheme, and includes a bright menu board, custom counters and a carryout customer area. The counters are designed to allow customers to watch the team members slap out the dough and put sauce and toppings on pizzas.
Most of our international Papa Johns restaurants are between 900 and 1,400 square feet; however, in order to meet certain local customer preferences, many international restaurants have been opened in larger spaces to accommodate both dine-in and restaurant-based delivery service, typically with 35 to 100 seats. We will utilize dine-in service as part of our international growth strategy based on a country-by-country evaluation of consumer preferences and trends.
We define a traditional domestic Papa Johns restaurant as a delivery and carryout unit that services a defined trade area. We consider the location of a traditional restaurant to be important and therefore devote significant resources to the investigation and evaluation of potential sites. The site selection process includes a review of trade area demographics, target population density and competitive factors. A member of our development team inspects each potential domestic Company-owned restaurant location and substantially all franchised restaurant locations and the surrounding market before a site is approved. Our restaurants are typically located in strip shopping centers or freestanding buildings that provide visibility, curb appeal and accessibility. Our restaurant design can be configured to fit a wide variety of building shapes and sizes, which increases the number of suitable locations for our restaurants.
Non-traditional Papa Johns restaurants do not generally provide delivery to a defined trade area but rather serve a captive customer group on a continuous operation or an event-driven service (e.g., airports, stadiums, entertainment venues, military bases, university food service, etc.). Non-traditional units are designed to fit the unique requirements of the venue.
We provide layout and design services and recommendations for subcontractors, signage installers and telephone systems to Papa Johns franchisees. Our franchisees can purchase complete new store equipment packages through an approved third-party supplier. We sell replacement smallwares and related items to our franchisees through our support services subsidiary, Preferred Marketing Solutions, Inc.
Our domestic QC Centers, comprised of nine full-service regional production and distribution centers and one distribution-only center, supply pizza dough, food products, paper products, smallwares and cleaning supplies twice weekly to each restaurant. This system enables us to monitor and control product quality and consistency, while lowering food and other costs. Our full-service QC Centers are located in Louisville, Kentucky; Dallas, Texas; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Orlando, Florida; Raleigh, North Carolina; Denver, Colorado; Portland, Oregon; Des Moines, Iowa; and Phoenix, Arizona. We also operate a distribution-only center in Cranbury, NJ. The primary difference between a full-service QC Center and a distribution-only center is that full-service QC Centers produce fresh pizza dough in addition to providing other food and paper products used in our restaurants. The QC Center system capacity is continually evaluated in relation to planned restaurant growth, and facilities are developed or upgraded as operational or economic conditions warrant. We consider the current domestic QC Center system capacity sufficient to accommodate domestic restaurant development for the next several years without significant additional capital requirements.
Our subsidiary, Papa Johns UK (PJUK) purchases its products from a third-party distribution center. We expect to open and operate a full-service QC Center in the United Kingdom in the first six months of 2010. We own full-service QC Centers in Mexico City, Mexico; Cancun, Mexico and Beijing, China. Other international full-service QC Centers are licensed to franchisees and non-franchisee third parties, and are generally located in the markets where our franchisees have restaurants. We expect future international QC Centers to be licensed to franchisees or non-franchisee third parties; however, we may open Company-owned QC Centers at our discretion. We also have the right to acquire licensed QC Centers from our international licensees in certain circumstances.
We set quality standards for all products used in our restaurants and designate approved outside suppliers of food and paper products that meet our quality standards. In order to ensure product quality and consistency, all domestic Papa Johns restaurants are required to purchase tomato sauce and dough from our QC Centers. Franchisees may purchase other goods directly from our QC Centers or approved suppliers. National purchasing agreements with most of our suppliers generally result in volume discounts to us, allowing us to sell products to our restaurants at prices we believe are below those generally available in the marketplace. Within our domestic QC Center system, products are distributed to restaurants by refrigerated trucks leased and operated by us or transported by a dedicated logistics company.
PJ Food Service, Inc. (PJFS), our wholly owned subsidiary that operates our domestic Company-owned QC Centers, has a purchasing arrangement with BIBP Commodities, Inc. (BIBP), a third-party entity formed by franchisees for the sole purpose of reducing cheese price volatility to domestic system-wide restaurants. Historically, under this arrangement, PJFS purchased cheese from BIBP at a fixed quarterly price based in part on historical average cheese prices. Effective in March 2009, we modified the BIBP formula to establish the price of cheese on a monthly basis at the projected spot market price plus a certain adjustment based on BIBPs cumulative financial position. Gains and losses incurred by BIBP are passed on to the QC Centers and therefore to Company-owned and franchised restaurants through adjustments to the selling price. Over time, PJFS purchases cheese at a price approximating the actual average market price, but with more short-term predictability. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Consolidation of BIBP Commodities, Inc. (BIBP) as a Variable Interest Entity, and Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information concerning BIBP and the purchasing arrangement, and the related financial statement treatment of BIBPs results.
All domestic Company-owned and franchised Papa Johns restaurants within a defined market are required to join an area advertising cooperative (Co-op). Each member restaurant contributes a percentage of sales to the Co-op for market-wide programs, such as radio, television and print advertising. The rate of contribution and uses of the monies collected are determined by a majority vote of the Co-ops members (in most cases the contribution rate cannot be below 2.0% without approval from Papa Johns). The restaurant-level and Co-op marketing efforts are supported by print and electronic advertising materials that are produced by the Papa Johns Marketing Fund, Inc., a non-profit corporation (the Marketing Fund). The Marketing Fund produces and buys air time for Papa Johns national television commercials, in addition to other brand-building activities, such as consumer research and public relations activities. All domestic Company-owned and franchised Papa Johns restaurants are required to contribute a certain minimum percentage of sales to the Marketing Fund. The contribution rate to the Marketing Fund can be increased above the required minimum contribution rate if approved by the governing board of the Marketing Fund up to certain levels and beyond those levels if approved by a supermajority of domestic restaurants. The contribution percentage increased to 2.82% for the last nine months of 2009, from 2.7% effective for the first quarter of 2009 and for years 2008 and 2007. The contribution percentage to the Marketing Fund is currently set to average 2.92% for 2010.
Restaurant-level marketing programs target the delivery area of each restaurant, making extensive use of targeted print materials including direct mail and store-to-door coupons. The local marketing efforts also include a variety of community-oriented activities with schools, sports teams and other organizations. In markets in which Papa Johns has a significant presence, local marketing efforts are supplemented with local radio and television advertising.
We provide both Company-owned and franchised restaurants with pre-approved print marketing materials and with catalogs for the purchase of uniforms and promotional items. We also provide direct marketing services to Company-owned and franchised restaurants using customer information gathered by our proprietary point-of-sale technology (see Company Operations Point of Sale Technology).
We have developed a system by which domestic Papa Johns restaurant customers in areas we service are able to place orders online at papajohns.com, including the plan ahead ordering advance ordering feature and Spanish-language ordering capability. In addition, our customers can order via text messaging and mobile web capabilities. We receive a percentage-based fee from domestic franchisees for online sales, in addition to royalties, designed to cover the cost of this service.
We offer our customers the opportunity to purchase a reloadable gift card marketed as the Papa Card, in any denomination from $10 to $100. We also offer Papa Cards for sale to consumers through third-party outlets and continue to explore other Papa Card distribution opportunities. The Papa Card may be redeemed for delivery, carryout and online orders and is accepted at substantially all Papa Johns traditional domestic restaurants.
Company Operations
Restaurant Personnel. A typical Papa Johns Company-owned domestic restaurant employs a restaurant manager and approximately 20 to 25 hourly team members, most of whom work part-time. The manager is responsible for the day-to-day operation of the restaurant and maintaining Company-established operating standards. The operating standards and other resources are contained in a comprehensive operations manual supplied to each restaurant. We seek to hire experienced restaurant managers and staff, provide comprehensive training on operations and managerial skills, and motivate and retain personnel by providing opportunities for advancement and performance-based financial incentives.
We also employ directors of operations who are responsible for overseeing an average of seven Company-owned restaurants. The directors of operations report to operations vice presidents, who are each responsible for the management of approximately 100 Company-owned restaurants in specific geographic regions. The operations vice presidents report to four division vice presidents, who also have responsibility for franchise restaurant operations in their respective regions. These team members are eligible to earn performance-based financial incentives.
Training and Education. The Operations Support and Training (OST) department is responsible for creating the tools and materials for the training and development of team members. With these tools and materials, our field-based trainers train and certify training general managers in all markets. Operations personnel, both corporate and franchise, complete our management training program and ongoing development programs in which instruction is given on all aspects of our systems and operations. The program includes hands-on training at an operating Papa Johns restaurant by a Company-certified training general manager. Our training includes new team member orientation, in-store and delivery training, core management skills training and new product or program implementation. Our ongoing developmental workshops include operating partner training, advanced operator training and senior operator training. We provide on-site training and operating support before, during and after the opening of all Company-owned restaurants and for the first two restaurants per franchise group, with additional support available upon request.
Point of Sale Technology. Point of sale technology (our proprietary PROFIT SystemTM) is in place in all domestic traditional Papa Johns restaurants. We believe this technology facilitates faster and more accurate order-taking and pricing, reduces paperwork and allows the restaurant manager to better monitor and control food and labor costs. We believe the PROFIT System enhances restaurant-level marketing capabilities through the development of a database containing information on customers and their buying habits with respect to our products. Polling capabilities allow us to obtain restaurant operating information, thereby improving the speed, accuracy and efficiency of restaurant-level reporting. The PROFIT System is also closely integrated with our online ordering system in all domestic traditional Papa Johns restaurants, enabling Papa Johns to offer nationwide online ordering to our customers. We have begun the process of evaluating next-generation point of sale technology and expect to begin pilot tests with a selected third party system in a limited number of restaurants in 2010.
Joint Ventures. We operate 127 Company-owned restaurants under two joint venture arrangements. Under the first arrangement, we own 70% of an entity operating 52 Papa Johns restaurants located in Virginia and Maryland. Under the second arrangement, we own 51% of an entity operating 75 Papa Johns restaurants located in Texas. We will continue to evaluate further joint venture arrangements on an individual basis as opportunities arise.
Hours of Operation. Our domestic restaurants are open seven days a week, typically from 11:00 a.m. to 12:30 a.m. Monday through Thursday, 11:00 a.m. to 1:30 a.m. on Friday and Saturday and 12:00 noon to 11:30 p.m. on Sunday. Carryout hours are generally more limited for late night security purposes.
Franchise Program
General. We continue to attract franchisees with significant restaurant and retail experience. We consider our franchisees to be a vital part of our systems continued growth and believe our relationship with our franchisees is good. As of December 27, 2009, there were 2,855 franchised Papa Johns restaurants operating in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and 29 countries. As of December 27, 2009, we have development agreements with our franchisees for more than 200 additional domestic franchised restaurants, the majority of which are committed to open over the next four years, and
agreements for approximately 1,200 additional international franchised restaurants, the substantial majority of which are scheduled to open over the next eight years. There can be no assurance that all of these restaurants will be opened or that the development schedule set forth in the development agreements will be achieved. During 2009, 207 (79 domestic and 128 international) franchised Papa Johns restaurants were opened.
Approval. Franchisees are approved on the basis of the applicants business background, restaurant operating experience and financial resources. We seek franchisees to enter into development agreements for single or multiple restaurants. We require each franchisee to complete our training program or to hire a full-time operator who completes the training and has either an equity interest or the right to acquire an equity interest in the franchise operation.
Domestic Development and Franchise Agreements. We enter into development agreements with our domestic franchisees for the opening of a specified number of restaurants within a defined period of time and specified geographic area. Substantially all existing franchise agreements have an initial 10-year term with a 10-year renewal option. We have the right to terminate a franchise agreement for a variety of reasons, including a franchisees failure to make payments when due or failure to adhere to our policies and standards. Many state franchise laws limit the ability of a franchisor to terminate or refuse to renew a franchise.
Under our current standard domestic development agreement, the franchisee is required to pay, at the time of signing the agreement, a non-refundable fee of $25,000 for the first restaurant and $5,000 for any additional restaurants. The non-refundable fee is credited against the standard $25,000 franchise fee payable to us upon signing the franchise agreement for a specific location. Generally, a franchise agreement is executed when a franchisee secures a location. Our current standard development agreement requires the franchisee to pay a royalty fee of 5% of sales; however, the majority of our franchised restaurants have an effective royalty rate below 5% as negotiated under prior agreements (see below for the current domestic royalty fee).
In 2009, we initiated a 25th Anniversary Development Incentive Program for domestic restaurants that ran from March 3, 2009 through December 27, 2009. The program provided for a waiver of the $25,000 franchise fee, waived royalties for 12 months after the opening date and provided a $10,000 cash incentive paid to franchisees for opening the restaurant on or before the scheduled opening date. Additionally, in December 2009, we announced a 2010 Development Incentive Program, which runs from November 23, 2009 through November 21, 2010 and allows for a waiver of the $25,000 franchise fee, reduced royalties for 12 months (waiver of 2.0% to 5.0% depending on the opening date) and a 24-month no-payment lease on two ovens with the option to purchase the ovens for $50 per oven at the end of the 24-month lease.
Franchise Support Initiatives. During 2009, the Company provided domestic franchise system support initiatives in response to the declining economic and consumer climate. The initiatives included:
· Providing cheese cost relief by modifying the cheese pricing formula used by BIBP Commodities, Inc.;
· Providing food cost relief by lowering the commissary margin on certain commodities sold by PJFS to the franchise system;
· Providing additional system-wide national marketing contributions that amounted to $7.7 million in 2009;
· Providing additional system-wide local print marketing contributions and certain system-wide incentives totaling $1.9 million;
· Providing targeted royalty relief and local marketing support to assist certain identified franchisees or markets, which amounted to $4.7 million in 2009;
· Providing financing on a selected basis to assist new or existing franchisees with the acquisition of troubled franchise restaurants; and
· Suspending for the first eight months of 2009 the collection of the 0.25% royalty rate increase that was scheduled for January 2009 (the royalty rate remained at 4.25% of sales until September 2009 at which point the rate was increased to 4.5%).
For 2010, we plan to continue certain domestic franchise support initiatives such as additional contributions to the Marketing Fund and providing targeted royalty relief and local marketing support to assist certain identified franchisees or markets, although our expectation is that the amount of such support initiatives will be reduced from 2009 levels. We also announced that at the beginning of 2010, the domestic royalty rate will be increased to 4.75% of sales for those franchisees whose royalty rate is below the standard 5% due to negotiations under prior agreements. We expect to contribute the value of the 0.25% increase into the Marketing Fund for 2010.
We believe the support program will mitigate potential unit closures and strengthen our brand during this challenging economic environment. In addition to reducing unit closures, other important objectives of the support program include growing market share in a consolidating category and stabilizing transaction levels.
International Development and Franchise Agreements. We opened our first franchised restaurant outside the United States in 1998. We define international to be all markets outside the contiguous United States in which we have either a development agreement or a master franchise agreement with a franchisee for the opening of a specified number of restaurants within a defined period of time and specified geographic area. Under a master franchise agreement, the franchisee has the right to subfranchise a portion of the development to one or more subfranchisees approved by us. Under our current standard international development agreement (except for Hawaii and Alaska, in which the initial fees are the same as for domestic restaurants), the franchisee is required to pay total fees of $25,000 per restaurant: $5,000 at the time of signing the agreement and $20,000 when the restaurant opens or the agreed-upon development date, whichever comes first. Under our current standard master franchise agreement, the master franchisee is required to pay total fees of $25,000 per restaurant owned and operated by the master franchisee, under the same terms as the development agreement, and $15,000 for each subfranchised restaurant $5,000 at the time of signing the agreement and $10,000 when the restaurant opens or the agreed-upon development date, whichever comes first.
Our current standard international master franchise and development agreement provides for payment to us of a royalty fee of 5% of sales (3% of sales by subfranchised restaurants), with no provision for increase during the initial term. The remaining terms applicable to the operation of individual restaurants are substantially equivalent to the terms of our domestic franchise agreement. From time to time, development agreements will be negotiated at other than standard terms for fees and royalties.
Non-traditional Restaurant Development. We have entered into a limited number of development and franchise agreements for non-traditional restaurants. For example, a total of 17 franchised net units operate in Six Flags theme parks as part of a five-year marketing and partnership agreement. These agreements generally cover venues or areas not originally targeted for traditional unit development and have terms differing from the standard agreement. To date, these agreements have not had a significant, direct impact on our pre-tax earnings.
Franchise Restaurant Development. We provide assistance to Papa Johns franchisees in selecting sites, developing restaurants and evaluating the physical specifications for typical restaurants. Each franchisee is responsible for selecting the location for its restaurants but must obtain our approval of restaurant design and location based on accessibility and visibility of the site and targeted demographic factors, including population density, income, age and traffic. Our domestic and international franchisees may purchase complete new store equipment packages through an approved third-party supplier.
Franchisee Loans. Selected franchisees have borrowed funds from our subsidiary, Capital Delivery, Ltd., principally for the purchase of restaurants from us or other franchisees or for use in the construction and development of new restaurants. Loans made to franchisees typically bear interest at fixed or floating rates and in most cases are secured by the fixtures, equipment and signage of the restaurant and/or guarantees from the franchisees owners. At December 27, 2009, net loans outstanding totaled $8.6 million, which were composed of loans to franchisees and a loan in connection with the 2006 sale of our former Perfect Pizza operations. See Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
We have a commitment to lend up to $40.0 million to BIBP, a franchisee-owned corporation with an outstanding balance of $24.6 million at December 27, 2009. See Notes 3 and 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Franchise Insurance Program. Our franchisees have the opportunity to purchase various insurance policies, such as health insurance, non-owned automobile and workers compensation, through our wholly-owned insurance agency, Risk Services Corp. (Risk Services). A third-party commercial insurance company provides fully-insured coverage to franchisees participating in the franchise insurance program offered by Risk Services. As of December 27, 2009, approximately 49% of domestic franchised restaurants had obtained insurance coverage through Risk Services. See Note 10 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information concerning our wholly-owned captive insurance company, which provided insurance to our franchisees from 2000 through 2004.
Franchise Training and Support. Our domestic field support structure consists of Franchise Business Directors (FBDs), each of whom is responsible for serving an average of approximately 100 franchised units. Our FBDs maintain open communication with the franchise community, relaying operating and marketing information and new initiatives between franchisees and us.
Every franchisee is required to have a principal operator approved by us who satisfactorily completes our required training program and who devotes his or her full business time and efforts to the operation of the franchisees restaurants. Each franchised restaurant manager is also required to complete our Company-certified management training program. Domestically, we provide an on-site training team three days before and three days after the opening of a franchisees first two restaurants. Internationally, we provide on-site training personnel five days before and five days after the opening of a franchisees first two stores. Ongoing supervision of training is monitored by the operations services and training team. Multi-unit franchisees are encouraged to appoint training store general managers or hire a full-time training coordinator certified to deliver Company-approved programs in order to train new team members and management candidates for their restaurants. Internationally, training is monitored by our international operations support team, as well as regional vice presidents and international business managers assigned to specific franchisee territories.
Franchise Operations. All franchisees are required to operate their Papa Johns restaurants in compliance with our policies, standards and specifications, including matters such as menu items, ingredients, materials, supplies, services, fixtures, furnishings, decor and signs. Each franchisee has full discretion to determine the prices to be charged to its customers.
Franchise Advisory Council. We have a Franchise Advisory Council that consists of Company and franchisee representatives of domestic restaurants. The Franchise Advisory Council and subcommittees hold regular meetings to discuss new product and marketing ideas, operations, growth and other relevant issues. Certain franchisees have formed an operators exchange group for the purpose of communicating and addressing issues, needs and opportunities among its members and the Company.
We currently communicate with, and receive input from, our franchisees in several forms, including through the Companys Franchise Advisory Council, annual operations conferences, newsletters, national conference calls and various regional meetings conducted with franchisees throughout the year. Monthly webcasts are also conducted by the Company to discuss current operational, marketing or other issues affecting the franchisees business. We are committed to communicating with our franchisees and receiving input from them.
Reporting and Business Processes. We collect sales and other operating information from domestic Papa Johns franchisees daily. We have agreements with substantially all Papa Johns domestic franchisees permitting us to debit electronically the franchisees bank accounts for substantially all required payments, including the payment of royalties, Marketing Fund contributions, risk management services, online ordering fees and purchases from our print and promotions operations and QC Centers. This system significantly reduces the resources needed to process receivables, improves cash flow and mitigates the amount of past-due accounts related to these items. Domestic franchisees are required to purchase and install the Papa Johns PROFIT System in their traditional restaurants (see Company Operations Point of Sale Technology).
Comprehensive Restaurant Measurement Program. As part of our effort to deliver on our brand promise of Better Ingredients. Better Pizza., we have implemented a comprehensive measurement program for all domestic and international restaurants. The measurement program focuses on the quality of the pizza and the customer service experience.
Industry and Competition
The United States Quick Service Restaurant pizza industry (QSR Pizza) is mature and highly competitive with respect to price, service, location, food quality and variety. There are well-established competitors with substantially greater financial and other resources than Papa Johns. Competitors include international, national and regional chains, as well as a large number of local independent pizza operators. Some of our competitors have been in existence for substantially longer periods than Papa Johns and can have higher levels of restaurant penetration and a stronger, more developed brand awareness in markets where we have restaurants. Based on independent third-party information, the QSR Pizza category, which includes dine-in, carry-out and delivery, had sales of approximately $33.4 billion in 2009, of which Papa Johns share was reported at 6.0%, an increase from 5.9% reported for 2008. Within the QSR Pizza category, we believe our primary competitors are the national pizza chains, including Pizza Hut, Dominos and Little Caesars, as well as several regional chains and take and bake concepts. A change in pricing or other marketing strategies of one or more of our competitors could have an adverse impact on our sales and earnings. The U.S. QSR Pizza category was negatively impacted in 2009 from the difficult economic environment. Consumers reduced discretionary spending during 2009 in response to increased unemployment and other factors. The QSR Pizza category sales were approximately 1.0% lower in 2009 as compared to 2008. In addition, other factors have contributed to the growth stagnation for the QSR Pizza category during the last few years, including a trend in consumers shifting dine-out occasions toward breakfast and lunch and away from dinner. Many non-pizza restaurant chains, including chains focusing on fresh sandwiches, have begun to emphasize dinner meals. In
addition, many casual diners and other restaurants are emphasizing carryout and curbside offerings. Finally, supermarkets continue to increase fresh and frozen pizza offerings to consumers.
With respect to the sale of franchises, we compete with many franchisors of restaurants and other business concepts. In general, there is also active competition for management personnel and attractive commercial real estate sites suitable for our restaurants.
Government Regulation
We, along with our franchisees, are subject to various federal, state and local laws affecting the operation of our respective businesses. Each Papa Johns restaurant is subject to licensing and regulation by a number of governmental authorities, which include health, safety, sanitation, building and fire agencies in the state or municipality in which the restaurant is located. Difficulties in obtaining, or the failure to obtain, required licenses or approvals could delay or prevent the opening of a new restaurant in a particular area. Our full-service QC Centers are licensed and subject to regulation by state and local health and fire codes, and the operation of our trucks is subject to Department of Transportation regulations. We are also subject to federal and state environmental regulations.
We are subject to Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regulation and various state laws regulating the offer and sale of franchises. The laws of several states also regulate substantive aspects of the franchisor-franchisee relationship. The FTC requires us to furnish to prospective franchisees a franchise disclosure document containing prescribed information. Substantive state laws that regulate the franchisor-franchisee relationship presently exist in a substantial number of states, and bills have been introduced in Congress from time to time that would provide for federal regulation of the franchisor-franchisee relationship in certain respects if such bills were enacted. The state laws often limit, among other things, the duration and scope of non-competition provisions and the ability of a franchisor to terminate or refuse to renew a franchise. Some foreign countries also have disclosure requirements and other laws regulating franchising and the franchisor-franchisee relationship. Further national, state and local government initiatives, such as mandatory health insurance coverage, living wage or other proposed increases in minimum wage rates and nutritional guidelines or disclosure requirements, could adversely affect Papa Johns as well as the restaurant industry. As we expand internationally, we will be subject to applicable laws in each jurisdiction where franchised units are established.
Trademarks
Our rights in our principal trademarks and service marks are a significant part of our business. We are the owner of the federal registration of the trademark Papa Johns. We have also registered Pizza Papa Johns and design (our logo), Better Ingredients. Better Pizza. and Pizza Papa Johns Better Ingredients. Better Pizza. and design as trademarks and service marks. We also own federal registrations for several ancillary marks, principally advertising slogans. We have also applied to register our primary trademark, Pizza Papa Johns and design, in more than 90 foreign countries and the European Community. We are aware of the use by other persons in certain geographical areas of names and marks that are the same as or similar to our marks. It is our policy to pursue registration of our marks whenever possible and to oppose vigorously any infringement of our marks.
Employees
As of December 27, 2009, we employed approximately 16,000 persons, of whom approximately 14,000 were restaurant team members, approximately 700 were restaurant management personnel, approximately 600 were corporate personnel and approximately 700 were QC Center and Preferred Marketing Solutions, Inc. personnel. Most restaurant team members work part-time and are paid on an hourly basis. None of our team members is covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our team member relations to be excellent.
We are subject to various risks that could have a negative effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. These risks could cause actual operating results to differ from those expressed in certain forward looking statements contained in this Form 10-K as well as in other Company communications. Although we believe that our expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including but not limited to, the following:
Our growth strategy requires the opening of new Papa Johns restaurants. We may not be able to achieve our planned growth targets due to factors outside of our control, including the current economic environment.
Our growth strategy depends on our and our franchisees ability to open new restaurants and to operate them on a profitable basis. Planned growth targets and the ability to operate new and existing restaurants profitably are affected by the current economic conditions and the resulting impact on consumer buying habits. Our business is susceptible to adverse changes in domestic and global economic conditions, which could make it difficult and uncertain for us to forecast operating results. Continuing weakness in the residential real estate and mortgage markets, volatility in commodity and fuel costs, difficulties in the financial sector and credit markets, and other factors affecting consumer spending, such as continued higher levels of unemployment, could cause reduced sales of our products or make it difficult for us to execute our strategy. Insolvency of key suppliers could also negatively impact our business. We expect this challenging environment to continue in 2010.
The ability of the Papa Johns system to continue to open new restaurants is affected by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include, among other things, the availability of financing, the selection and availability of suitable restaurant locations, increases in the cost of or sustained high levels of cost of food ingredients and other commodities, paper, utilities, fuel, employee compensation and benefits, insurance and similar costs, availability and negotiation of suitable lease or financing terms, constraints on permitting and construction of restaurants, higher than anticipated construction costs, and the hiring, training and retention of management and other personnel. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that, system-wide, Papa Johns will be able to meet planned growth targets, open restaurants in markets now targeted for expansion or continue to operate in existing markets profitably.
We face substantial competition from other food industry competitors, and our results of operations can be negatively impacted by the actions of one or more of our major competitors.
The restaurant industry is intensely competitive with respect to price, service, location and food quality, and there are many well-established competitors with substantially greater financial and other resources than the Papa Johns system. Some of these competitors have been in existence for a substantially longer period than Papa Johns and may be better established in the markets where restaurants operated by us or
our franchisees are, or may be, located. Experience has shown that a change in pricing or other marketing or promotional strategies, including new product and concept developments, by one or more of our major competitors can have an adverse impact on our sales and earnings and our system-wide restaurant operations.
Our results of operations and the operating results of our franchisees may be adversely impacted by any increases in the cost of food ingredients and other commodities.
An increase in the cost or sustained high levels of the cost of cheese or other commodities could adversely affect the profitability of our system-wide restaurant operations. Cheese, historically representing 35% to 40% of our food cost, and other commodities are subject to cost fluctuations due to weather, availability, demand and other factors that are beyond our control. Additionally, sustained increases in fuel and utility costs could adversely affect the profitability of our restaurant and QC Center businesses. Our domestic franchisees buy substantially all of their food products from our QC Center business. Changes in franchisee buying patterns for food products not required to be purchased from our QC Center business could adversely impact the sales and profitability of that business.
Changes in consumer preferences or discretionary consumer spending or negative publicity could adversely impact our results.
Changes in consumer taste (for example, changes in dietary preferences that could cause consumers to avoid pizza in favor of foods that are perceived as more healthful), demographic trends, traffic patterns and the type, number and location of competing restaurants could adversely affect our restaurant business. Also, our success depends to a significant extent on numerous factors affecting discretionary consumer spending, including economic conditions, disposable consumer income and consumer confidence. Further adverse changes in these factors could reduce sales or impose practical limits on pricing, either of which could materially adversely affect our results of operations. Like other food industry competitors, we can also be materially adversely affected by negative publicity concerning food quality, illness, injury, publication of government or industry findings concerning food products served by us, or other health concerns or operating issues stemming from one restaurant or a limited number of restaurants.
We are subject to federal and state laws governing our workforce. Changes in these laws, including minimum wage increases, or additional laws could increase costs for our system-wide operations.
System-wide restaurant operations are subject to federal and state laws governing such matters as wage benefits, working conditions, citizenship requirements and overtime. A significant number of hourly personnel employed by our franchisees and us are paid at rates related to the federal and state minimum wage requirements. Accordingly, further increases in the federal minimum wage or the enactment of additional state or local minimum wage increases above federal wage rates will increase labor costs for our system-wide operations. Additionally, proposed legislation that may make it easier for workers to form unions or labor shortages in various markets could result in higher costs. Local government agencies have also implemented ordinances that restrict the sale of certain food products. The recently proposed national health care legislation could negatively impact our domestic system as our Company-owned and franchised restaurants may have to provide health care coverage that was not previously offered to certain team members. Additional government mandates, including proposed menu labeling legislation, could increase costs and be harmful to system-wide restaurant sales.
Current credit markets may adversely impact the ability of our franchisees to obtain financing, which may hinder our ability to achieve our planned growth in restaurant openings.
Our growth strategy depends in large part on our ability and the ability of our franchisees to expand or open new restaurants and to operate those restaurants on a profitable basis. Delays or failures in opening new restaurants could materially and adversely affect our planned growth. The credit markets have experienced instability, resulting in declining real estate values, credit and liquidity concerns and increased loan default rates. Many lenders have subsequently reduced their willingness to make new loans and have tightened their credit requirements. Our franchisees depend on the availability of financing to expand existing locations or construct and open new restaurants. If our franchisees experience difficulty in obtaining adequate financing for these purposes, our growth strategy and franchise revenues may be adversely affected. The unavailability of credit has required and may continue to require the Company to provide financing to certain franchisees and prospective franchisees in order to mitigate store closings or allow new units to open. If we are unable or unwilling to provide such financing, our results of operations may be adversely impacted.
Our expansion into emerging or under-penetrated markets may present increased risks.
Any or all of the risks listed above potentially adversely impacting restaurant sales or costs could be especially harmful to the financial viability of franchisees in under-penetrated or emerging markets. A decline in or failure to improve financial performance for this group of franchisees could lead to unit closings at greater than anticipated levels and therefore impact contributions to marketing funds, our royalty stream, PJFS and support services efficiencies and other system-wide results.
We may be subject to impairment charges.
Impairment charges for Company-owned operations are possible if PJUK or previously acquired domestic restaurants perform below our expectations. This would result in a decrease in our reported assets value and reduction in our net income.
Contingent lease liabilities.
In connection with the 2006 sale of our former Perfect Pizza operations, we remain contingently liable for payment under approximately 62 lease arrangements primarily associated with Perfect Pizza restaurant sites. The Perfect Pizza franchisor is primarily liable for these leases, which have varying terms extending to 2017. As of December 27, 2009, the potential amount of undiscounted payments we could be required to make in the event of non-payment by Perfect Pizza and associated franchisees was approximately $5.8 million, with such amount declining monthly as lease payments are made. We have not recorded a liability with respect to such leases as of December 27, 2009, as our cross-default provisions with the Perfect Pizza franchisor substantially reduce the risk that we will be required to make payments under these leases.
Our dependence on a sole or limited number of suppliers for some ingredients could result in disruptions to our business.
Domestically, we are dependent on sole suppliers for our cheese, flour, and thin crust dough products. Alternative sources may not be available on a timely basis to supply these key ingredients or be available on terms as favorable to us as under our current arrangements. Domestic restaurants purchase substantially all food and related products from our QC Centers. Accordingly, both our corporate and franchised restaurants could be harmed by any prolonged disruption in the supply of products from our QC Centers.
Changes in purchasing practices by our domestic franchisees could harm our commissary business.
Although our domestic franchisees currently purchase substantially all food products from our QC Centers, they are only required to purchase tomato sauce and dough from our QC Centers. Any changes in purchasing practices by domestic franchisees, such as seeking alternative suppliers of food products, including cheese, could adversely affect the financial results of our QC Centers, including the recoverability of the BIBP cheese purchasing entity deficit, which approximated $20.0 million at December 27, 2009.
We may be required to resort to litigation to protect our intellectual property rights, which could negatively affect our results of operations.
We depend on our Papa Johns brand name and we rely on a combination of trademarks, copyrights, service marks and similar intellectual property rights to protect our brand. We believe that the success of our business depends on our continued ability to use our existing trademarks and service marks to increase brand awareness and further develop our brand, both domestically and abroad. We may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property rights and we may be required to resort to litigation to enforce such rights. Litigation could result in high costs and diversion of resources, which could negatively affect our results of operations, regardless of the outcome.
Our business and brand may be harmed should the services of our Founder, John Schnatter, as Chief Executive Officer, Chairman and brand spokesman terminate for any reason.
John H. Schnatter, our Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO), does not serve under an employment agreement and we do not maintain key man life insurance on Mr. Schnatter. We also depend on Mr. Schnatters image and his services as spokesman in our advertising and promotion materials. While we have entered into a license agreement with Mr. Schnatter related to the use of certain intellectual property, our business and brand may be harmed if Mr. Schnatters services as CEO, Chairman and brand spokesman were not available for any reason.
Our international operations are subject to increased risks and other factors that may make it more difficult to achieve or maintain profitability or meet planned growth rates.
Our international operations could be negatively impacted by significant changes in international economic, political and health conditions in the countries in which the Company or its franchisees operate. In addition, our international operations are subject to additional factors, including compliance with foreign laws, currency regulations and fluctuations, differing business and social cultures and consumer preferences, diverse government regulations and structures, availability and cost of land and construction, ability to source high-quality ingredients and other commodities in a cost-effective manner, and differing interpretation of the obligations established in franchise agreements with international franchisees. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that our international operations will achieve or maintain profitability or meet planned growth rates.
Disruptions of our critical business or information technology systems could harm our ability to conduct normal business.
Domestically and internationally, we are dependent on our technology systems operating correctly. Our systems could be damaged or interrupted by power loss, telecommunication failures, acts of God, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or similar attacks. We may not have or be able to obtain adequate insurance for these events, which could damage our business and reputation and be expensive and difficult to remedy or repair. Although we have systems in place to prevent security
breaches and theft of consumer information, failure to prevent fraud or security breaches could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
As of December 27, 2009, there were 3,469 Papa Johns restaurants system-wide.
Company-owned Papa Johns Restaurants
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
Restaurants |
|
Arizona |
|
45 |
|
Florida |
|
46 |
|
Georgia |
|
86 |
|
Illinois |
|
4 |
|
Indiana |
|
41 |
|
Kansas |
|
12 |
|
Kentucky |
|
42 |
|
Maryland |
|
59 |
|
Missouri |
|
40 |
|
North Carolina |
|
79 |
|
South Carolina |
|
6 |
|
Tennessee |
|
27 |
|
Texas |
|
75 |
|
Virginia |
|
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total Domestic Company-owned Papa Johns Restaurants |
|
588 |
|
|
|
|
|
China |
|
18 |
|
United Kingdom |
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total Company-owned Papa Johns Restaurants |
|
614 |
|
Note: Company-owned Papa Johns restaurants include restaurants owned by majority-owned joint ventures. There were 127 such restaurants at December 27, 2009 (75 in Texas, 26 in Virginia and 26 in Maryland).
Domestic Franchised Papa Johns Restaurants
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
Restaurants |
|
Alabama |
|
67 |
|
Arizona |
|
27 |
|
Arkansas |
|
18 |
|
California |
|
203 |
|
Colorado |
|
45 |
|
Connecticut |
|
1 |
|
Delaware |
|
11 |
|
Florida |
|
202 |
|
Georgia |
|
56 |
|
Idaho |
|
11 |
|
Illinois |
|
70 |
|
Indiana |
|
80 |
|
Iowa |
|
24 |
|
Kansas |
|
19 |
|
Kentucky |
|
55 |
|
Louisiana |
|
47 |
|
Maine |
|
7 |
|
Maryland |
|
34 |
|
Massachusetts |
|
19 |
|
Michigan |
|
37 |
|
Minnesota |
|
46 |
|
Mississippi |
|
24 |
|
Missouri |
|
27 |
|
Montana |
|
9 |
|
Nebraska |
|
15 |
|
Nevada |
|
20 |
|
New Hampshire |
|
2 |
|
New Jersey |
|
60 |
|
New Mexico |
|
17 |
|
New York |
|
102 |
|
North Carolina |
|
57 |
|
North Dakota |
|
5 |
|
Ohio |
|
150 |
|
Oklahoma |
|
26 |
|
Oregon |
|
16 |
|
Pennsylvania |
|
85 |
|
Rhode Island |
|
5 |
|
South Carolina |
|
45 |
|
South Dakota |
|
7 |
|
Tennessee |
|
64 |
|
Texas |
|
137 |
|
Utah |
|
25 |
|
Vermont |
|
1 |
|
Virginia |
|
97 |
|
Washington |
|
56 |
|
West Virginia |
|
21 |
|
Wisconsin |
|
26 |
|
Wyoming |
|
6 |
|
Washington, D.C. |
|
9 |
|
Total Domestic Franchised Papa Johns Restaurants |
|
2,193 |
|
International Franchised Papa Johns Restaurants
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
Restaurants |
|
Alaska (a) |
|
4 |
|
Bahrain |
|
15 |
|
Canada |
|
34 |
|
Cayman Islands |
|
1 |
|
China |
|
139 |
|
Costa Rica |
|
14 |
|
Cyprus |
|
5 |
|
Dominican Republic |
|
3 |
|
Ecuador |
|
7 |
|
Egypt |
|
11 |
|
El Salvador |
|
4 |
|
Hawaii (a) |
|
15 |
|
India |
|
24 |
|
Ireland |
|
22 |
|
Jordan |
|
2 |
|
Korea |
|
63 |
|
Kuwait |
|
15 |
|
Malaysia |
|
4 |
|
Mexico |
|
40 |
|
Nicaragua |
|
2 |
|
Oman |
|
9 |
|
Pakistan |
|
1 |
|
Peru |
|
14 |
|
Puerto Rico |
|
12 |
|
Qatar |
|
7 |
|
Russia |
|
14 |
|
Saudi Arabia |
|
25 |
|
Trinidad |
|
5 |
|
Turkey |
|
4 |
|
United Arab Emirates |
|
11 |
|
United Kingdom |
|
112 |
|
Venezuela |
|
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total International Franchised Papa Johns Restaurants |
|
662 |
|
(a) We define domestic operations as units located in the contiguous United States and international operations as units located outside the contiguous United States.
Most Papa Johns restaurants are located in leased space. The initial term of most domestic restaurant leases is generally five years with most leases providing for one or more options to renew for at least one additional term. Virtually all of our leases specify a fixed annual rent. Generally, the leases are triple net leases, which require us to pay all or a portion of the cost of insurance, taxes and utilities. Certain leases further provide that the lease payments may be increased annually, with a small number of escalations based on changes in the Consumer Price Index.
We have 44 Company-owned restaurants that are located in buildings we own on land either owned or leased by us. These restaurants range from 1,000 to 3,000 square feet. Three of these restaurants are located in multi-bay facilities. These multi-bay facilities contain from 2,800 to 5,000 square feet, and the space not utilized by the Papa Johns restaurant in each facility is leased or held for lease to third-party tenants.
At December 27, 2009, we had 120 Papa Johns restaurants located in the United Kingdom (112 franchised and eight Company-owned). In addition to leasing the eight Company-owned restaurant sites, we lease and sublease to franchisees 77 of the 112 franchised Papa Johns restaurant sites. The initial lease terms on the Company and franchised sites are generally 10 to 15 years. The initial lease terms of the franchisee subleases are generally five to ten years. Additionally, we leased 18 Company-owned restaurant sites in Beijing, China as of December 27, 2009.
Information with respect to our leased domestic QC Centers as of December 27, 2009 is set forth below:
Facility |
|
Square Footage |
|
Raleigh, NC |
|
61,000 |
|
Denver, CO |
|
32,000 |
|
Phoenix, AZ |
|
57,000 |
|
Des Moines, IA |
|
43,000 |
|
Portland, OR |
|
37,000 |
|
Pittsburgh, PA |
|
52,000 |
|
Cranbury, NJ |
|
59,000 |
|
We own land in Orlando, Florida on which our 63,000 square foot full-service QC Center is located. We also own land and a 175,000 square foot facility in Dallas, Texas, of which 77,500 square feet is used by our full-service QC Center and the remaining space is leased to a third-party tenant. In addition, we own land in Louisville, Kentucky, on a portion of which is located a 42,000 square foot building housing our printing operations and a 247,000 square foot building, approximately 30% to 40% of which accommodates the Louisville QC Center operation and promotions division. The remainder of the larger building houses our corporate offices. A 49,000 square foot full-service QC Center is under construction on land we own in the United Kingdom that will service both our Company-owned and franchised restaurants.
The Papa Johns UK management team is located in a leased office near London with a remaining lease term of seven years.
The Papa Johns China management team leases an office and a QC Center in Beijing, China. The Papa Johns Mexico management team and QC Center lease a facility in Mexico City, Mexico and another QC Center leases a facility in Cancun, Mexico.
We are subject to claims and legal actions in the ordinary course of our business. We believe that none of the claims and actions currently pending against us would have a material adverse effect on us if decided in a manner unfavorable to us.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Set forth below are the current executive officers of Papa Johns:
Name |
|
Age (a) |
|
Position |
|
First Elected |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John H. Schnatter |
|
48 |
|
Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
|
1985 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Donna Alcorn |
|
45 |
|
Senior Vice President, Global Research and Development and Quality Assurance |
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. David Flanery |
|
52 |
|
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
|
1994 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
William M. Mitchell |
|
45 |
|
President, Global Operations |
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Timothy C. OHern |
|
46 |
|
Senior Vice President, Development |
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charles W. Schnatter |
|
47 |
|
Senior Vice President, Managing Director of Special Projects |
|
1991 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Christopher J. Sternberg |
|
44 |
|
Senior Vice President, Corporate Communications and General Counsel |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony Thompson |
|
43 |
|
Senior Vice President, Papa Johns Food Service, Inc. |
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Jude Thompson |
|
47 |
|
President and Chief Operating Officer |
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Andrew M. Varga |
|
44 |
|
Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer |
|
2009 |
(a) Ages are as of January 1, 2010.
John H. Schnatter created the Papa Johns concept in 1984 and the first Papa Johns restaurant opened in 1985. He currently serves as Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. He previously served as Interim Chief Executive Officer from December 2008 to April 2009, Executive Chairman of the Company from 2005 until May 2007, as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer from 1990 until 2005, and as President from 1985 to 1990 and from 2001 until 2005.
Donna Alcorn was named Senior Vice President, Global Research and Development and Quality Assurance, in 2009 after serving as Vice President of Global Research and Development beginning in 2008. From 2006 until 2008, Ms. Alcorn served as Vice President of Operations Services for PJ Food Service. From 1998 to 2006, she served in various other roles at Papa Johns, including Director of Team Member Services, Business Analyst and International Development Manager. Prior to joining Papa Johns from 1992 to 1998, she held various positions with United Parcel Service, Edys/Dryers Ice Cream and Alcoa Aluminum.
J. David Flanery has served as Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since 2004. He previously served as Senior Vice President of Finance since August 2002. He served as Vice President of Finance from 1995 through August 2002, after having joined Papa Johns in 1994 as Corporate Controller. From 1979 to 1994, Mr. Flanery was with Ernst & Young LLP in a variety of positions, most recently as Audit Senior Manager. Mr. Flanery is a licensed Certified Public Accountant.
William M. Mitchell was named President, Global Operations in November 2009, after serving as President, USA since March 2009. From 2007 to 2009, he served as Senior Vice President, Domestic Operations. Mr. Mitchell served from 2005 to 2007 as a Division Vice President responsible for corporate and franchised restaurant operations in the Midwest. He served as one of our Operations Vice Presidents from 2000 to 2005. Prior to joining Papa Johns, Mr. Mitchell served as Senior Director of Operations for AFCE/Popeyes from 1996 to 2000, responsible for company and franchise operations as well as Popeyes related acquisitions. From 1993 to 1996, he served as Vice President of Operations for RTM Restaurant Group.
Timothy C. OHern rejoined Papa Johns as Senior Vice President, Development in June 2009, a position he previously held from 2005 until 2007. From 2002 until 2005 and from 2007 until 2009, he managed the operations of a Papa Johns franchisee in which he has an ownership interest. Prior to his departure from Papa Johns in 2002, Mr. OHern held various positions, including Vice President of Global Development from February 2001 to 2002, Vice President of U.S. Development from March 1997 to February 2001, Director of Franchise Development from December 1996 to March 1997 and Construction Manager from November 1995 to December 1996. He has been a franchisee since 1993.
Charles W. Schnatter was named Managing Director of Special Projects in 2009. Mr. Schnatter previously served as Senior Vice President and Chief Development Officer from 2001 to June 2009 and served as Secretary from 1991 until October 2005. He was a Senior Vice President from 1993 to June 2009. Mr. Schnatter also held the position of General Counsel from 1991 to 2002. From 1988 to 1991, he was an attorney with Greenebaum, Doll & McDonald PLLC. Mr. Schnatter has been a franchisee since 1989.
Christopher J. Sternberg was named General Counsel in June 2009, having served as Interim General Counsel from December 2008 until his appointment. Mr. Sternberg has served as Senior Vice President, Corporate Communications, since 2005, after serving as Vice President and Assistant to the Chairman from 2000 to 2005. Mr. Sternberg served as Vice President, Corporate Communications from 1997 to 2000. Mr. Sternberg joined the company in 1994 as Assistant Counsel in our Legal Department. From 1990 to 1994, he was an attorney with Greenebaum, Doll & McDonald PLLC.
Anthony Thompson was promoted to Senior Vice President, Papa Johns Food Service, Inc., Papa Johns food manufacturing and distribution subsidiary, in April 2009. Mr. Thompson joined Papa Johns in 2006 as Vice President, QCC Operations. Prior to joining Papa Johns, Thompson worked for the Scotts Company for six years as Plant Manager, Director of Marysville Operations and Director of Lawn and Controls Operations. Before joining the Scotts Company, Thompson spent four years with Conagra Grocery Products Company where he held positions as Operations Leader, Manufacturing Manager and Plant Manager. He also spent seven years in various roles with Gulf Coast Coca Cola.
J. Jude Thompson was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer of Papa Johns in April 2009. He also serves as a member of our Board of Directors, which he joined in February 2008. From 2006 to 2008, Mr. Thompson served as Senior Vice President of WellPoint, Inc., and President, Individual Business of Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield. Mr. Thompson previously held positions of increasing
responsibility with Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield, a division of WellPoint, or its affiliates since 1989.
Andrew Varga was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer in August 2009. Mr. Varga joined Papa Johns after 21 years with Brown-Forman Corporation. Mr. Varga served as Senior Vice President/Director of Marketing for Brown-Forman from 2007 until 2009, responsible for the companys Wines and Spirits portfolio in the North American Region. From 2004 to 2007, Mr. Varga was Senior Vice President/Managing Director, Wines Marketing, with global responsibility for the wine portfolio.
Charles Schnatter is the brother of John Schnatter, Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. There are no other family relationships among our executive officers and other key personnel.
Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our common stock trades on The NASDAQ Global Select Market tier of The NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol PZZA. As of February 16, 2010, there were approximately 800 record holders of common stock. However, there are significantly more beneficial owners of our common stock than there are record holders. The following table sets forth, for the quarters indicated, the high and low closing sales prices of our common stock, as reported by The NASDAQ Stock Market.
2009 |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
||
First Quarter |
|
$ |
25.72 |
|
$ |
15.59 |
|
Second Quarter |
|
28.47 |
|
22.77 |
|
||
Third Quarter |
|
27.34 |
|
22.90 |
|
||
Fourth Quarter |
|
24.70 |
|
21.47 |
|
||
2008 |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
||
First Quarter |
|
$ |
27.00 |
|
$ |
20.93 |
|
Second Quarter |
|
29.79 |
|
24.21 |
|
||
Third Quarter |
|
30.48 |
|
25.36 |
|
||
Fourth Quarter |
|
27.65 |
|
13.11 |
|
||
Since our initial public offering of common stock in 1993, we have not paid cash dividends on our common stock, and have no current plans to do so.
Papa Johns Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $775.0 million of common stock under a share repurchase program that began December 9, 1999, and runs through December 31, 2010. Through December 27, 2009, a total of 43.5 million shares with an aggregate cost of $741.2 million and an average price of $17.04 per share have been repurchased under this program. Subsequent to year-end (through February 16, 2010), we acquired an additional 43,000 shares at an aggregate cost of $967,000. As of February 16, 2010, approximately $32.8 million remained available for repurchase of common stock under this authorization.
The following table summarizes our repurchase activity by fiscal period during 2009 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Number |
|
Maximum Dollar |
|
||
|
|
Total |
|
Average |
|
of Shares Purchased |
|
Value of Shares |
|
||
|
|
Number |
|
Price |
|
as Part of Publicly |
|
that May Yet Be |
|
||
|
|
of Shares |
|
Paid per |
|
Announced Plans |
|
Purchased Under the |
|
||
Fiscal Period |
|
Purchased |
|
Share |
|
or Programs |
|
Plans or Programs |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
12/29/2008 - 01/25/2009 |
|
138 |
|
$ |
17.63 |
|
42,327 |
|
$ |
59,842 |
|
01/26/2009 - 02/22/2009 |
|
127 |
|
$ |
18.37 |
|
42,454 |
|
$ |
57,515 |
|
02/23/2009 - 03/29/2009 |
|
10 |
|
$ |
19.71 |
|
42,464 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
03/30/2009 - 04/26/2009 |
|
|
|
|
* |
42,464 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
|
04/27/2009 - 05/24/2009 |
|
|
|
|
* |
42,464 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
|
05/25/2009 - 06/28/2009 |
|
|
|
|
* |
42,464 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
|
06/29/2009 - 07/26/2009 |
|
|
|
|
* |
42,464 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
|
07/27/2009 - 08/23/2009 |
|
|
|
|
* |
42,464 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
|
08/24/2009 - 09/27/2009 |
|
|
|
|
* |
42,464 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
|
09/28/2009 - 10/25/2009 |
|
|
|
|
* |
42,464 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
|
10/26/2009 - 11/22/2009 |
|
347 |
|
$ |
22.53 |
|
42,811 |
|
$ |
49,500 |
|
11/23/2009 - 12/27/2009 |
|
697 |
|
$ |
22.52 |
|
43,508 |
|
$ |
33,798 |
|
*There were no share repurchases during this period.
The Company utilized a written trading plan under Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, to facilitate the repurchase of shares of our common stock under this share repurchase program. There can be no assurance that we will repurchase shares of our common stock either through our Rule 10b5-1 trading plan or otherwise. The trading plan includes predetermined criteria and limitations and is scheduled to expire December 31, 2010, unless terminated sooner under plan provisions.
Stock Performance Graph
The following performance graph compares the cumulative total return of the Companys common stock to the NASDAQ Stock Market (U.S.) Index and a group of the Companys peers consisting of U.S. companies listed on NASDAQ with standard industry classification (SIC) codes 5800-5899 (eating and drinking places). Relative performance is compared for the five-year period extending through the end of fiscal 2009. The graph assumes that the value of the investments in the Companys common stock and in each index was $100 at the end of fiscal 2004, and, with respect to the index and peer group, that all dividends were reinvested.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The selected financial data presented for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 27, 2009, was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Item 7 and Item 8, respectively, of this Form 10-K.
|
|
Year Ended (1) |
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
Dec. 27, |
|
Dec. 28, |
|
Dec. 30, |
|
Dec. 31, |
|
Dec. 25, |
|
|||||
(In thousands, except per share data) |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Income Statement Data |
|
52 weeks |
|
52 weeks |
|
52 weeks |
|
53 weeks |
|
52 weeks |
|
|||||
Domestic revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Company-owned restaurant sales |
|
$ |
503,818 |
|
$ |
533,255 |
|
$ |
504,330 |
|
$ |
447,938 |
|
$ |
434,525 |
|
Variable interest entities restaurant sales |
|
37,735 |
|
8,328 |
|
7,131 |
|
7,859 |
|
11,713 |
|
|||||
Franchise royalties (2) |
|
61,012 |
|
59,704 |
|
55,283 |
|
56,374 |
|
52,289 |
|
|||||
Franchise and development fees |
|
519 |
|
1,600 |
|
4,758 |
|
2,597 |
|
3,026 |
|
|||||
Commissary sales |
|
407,437 |
|
429,068 |
|
399,099 |
|
413,075 |
|
398,372 |
|
|||||
Other sales |
|
54,045 |
|
61,415 |
|
61,820 |
|
50,505 |
|
50,474 |
|
|||||
International revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Royalties and franchise and development fees (3) |
|
13,244 |
|
12,868 |
|
10,314 |
|
7,551 |
|
6,529 |
|
|||||
Restaurant and commissary sales (4) |
|
28,223 |
|
25,849 |
|
20,860 |
|
15,658 |
|
11,860 |
|
|||||
Total revenues |
|
1,106,033 |
|
1,132,087 |
|
1,063,595 |
|
1,001,557 |
|
968,788 |
|
|||||
Operating income (5) |
|
95,279 |
|
65,486 |
|
53,072 |
|
99,446 |
|
73,334 |
|
|||||
Investment income |
|
629 |
|
848 |
|
1,446 |
|
1,682 |
|
1,248 |
|
|||||
Interest expense |
|
(5,714 |
) |
(7,536 |
) |
(7,465 |
) |
(3,480 |
) |
(4,316 |
) |
|||||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes |
|
90,194 |
|
58,798 |
|
47,053 |
|
97,648 |
|
70,266 |
|
|||||
Income tax expense |
|
28,985 |
|
19,980 |
|
13,293 |
|
33,171 |
|
25,364 |
|
|||||
Income from continuing operations, including noncontrolling interests |
|
61,209 |
|
38,818 |
|
33,760 |
|
64,477 |
|
44,902 |
|
|||||
Income attributable to noncontrolling interests (6) |
|
(3,756 |
) |
(2,022 |
) |
(1,025 |
) |
(1,491 |
) |
(634 |
) |
|||||
Income from continuing operations, net of noncontrolling interests |
|
57,453 |
|
36,796 |
|
32,735 |
|
62,986 |
|
44,268 |
|
|||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax (7) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
389 |
|
1,788 |
|
|||||
Net income |
|
$ |
57,453 |
|
$ |
36,796 |
|
$ |
32,735 |
|
$ |
63,375 |
|
$ |
46,056 |
|
Basic earnings per common share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Income from continuing operations, net of noncontrolling interests |
|
$ |
2.07 |
|
$ |
1.31 |
|
$ |
1.10 |
|
$ |
1.95 |
|
$ |
1.32 |
|
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax (7) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01 |
|
0.05 |
|
|||||
Basic earnings per common share |
|
$ |
2.07 |
|
$ |
1.31 |
|
$ |
1.10 |
|
$ |
1.96 |
|
$ |
1.37 |
|
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Income from continuing operations, net of noncontrolling interests |
|
$ |
2.06 |
|
$ |
1.30 |
|
$ |
1.09 |
|
$ |
1.91 |
|
$ |
1.29 |
|
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax (7) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01 |
|
0.05 |
|
|||||
Earnings per common share - assuming dilution |
|
$ |
2.06 |
|
$ |
1.30 |
|
$ |
1.09 |
|
$ |
1.92 |
|
$ |
1.34 |
|
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |
|
27,738 |
|
28,124 |
|
29,666 |
|
32,312 |
|
33,594 |
|
|||||
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |
|
27,909 |
|
28,264 |
|
30,017 |
|
33,046 |
|
34,316 |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Balance Sheet Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
|
$ |
397,095 |
|
$ |
386,468 |
|
$ |
401,817 |
|
$ |
379,639 |
|
$ |
350,562 |
|
Total debt |
|
99,050 |
|
130,654 |
|
142,706 |
|
97,036 |
|
55,116 |
|
|||||
Total stockholders equity (8) |
|
185,037 |
|
138,238 |
|
134,938 |
|
152,395 |
|
167,311 |
|
(1) |
We operate on a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday of December of each year. The 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2005 fiscal years consisted of 52 weeks, and the 2006 fiscal year consisted of 53 weeks. The additional week resulted in additional revenues of approximately $20.0 million and additional pre-tax income of approximately $3.5 million, or $0.07 per diluted share for 2006. |
(2) |
Domestic Franchise royalties were derived from franchised restaurant sales of $1.55 billion in 2009, $1.50 billion in 2008, $1.46 billion in 2007, $1.51 billion in 2006 and $1.38 billion in 2005. |
(3) |
International Royalties were derived from franchised restaurant sales of $251.8 million in 2009, $221.0 million in 2008, $176.2 million in 2007, $139.3 million in 2006 and $104.2 million in 2005. |
(4) |
Restaurant sales for International Company-owned restaurants were $10.3 million in 2009, $8.1 million in 2008, $4.0 million in 2007, $1.7 million in 2006 and $642,000 in 2005. |
(5) |
The operating results include the consolidation of BIBP, which increased operating income approximately $23.3 million in 2009, $19.7 million in 2006 and $5.8 million in 2005 and reduced operating income by $8.6 million in 2008 and $31.0 million in 2007. The 2006 operating results include the benefit of the 53rd week, which increased operating income approximately $3.5 million. Operating income includes domestic and international restaurant closure, impairment and disposition losses of $657,000 in 2009, $8.8 million in 2008 and $1.8 million in 2007, and gains of $260,000 in 2006 and $989,000 in 2005. See Notes 3 and 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(6) |
Represents the noncontrolling interests ownership in two joint venture arrangements. Prior years results have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. |
(7) |
The Perfect Pizza operations, which were sold in March 2006, are classified as discontinued operations. |
(8) |
Prior years have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. |
Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Introduction
Papa Johns International, Inc. (referred to as the Company, Papa Johns or in the first person notations of we, us and our) began operations in 1985 with the opening of the first Papa Johns restaurant in Jeffersonville, Indiana. At December 27, 2009, there were 3,469 Papa Johns restaurants in operation, consisting of 614 Company-owned and 2,855 franchised restaurants. Our revenues are principally derived from retail sales of pizza and other food and beverage products to the general public by Company-owned restaurants, franchise royalties, sales of franchise and development rights, sales to franchisees of food and paper products, printing and promotional items, risk management services, and information systems and related services used in their operations.
New unit openings in 2009 were 216 as compared to 267 in 2008 and 263 in 2007 and unit closings in 2009 were 127 as compared to 95 in 2008 and 70 in 2007. We expect net unit growth of approximately 140 to 180 units during 2010.
We have continued to produce strong average sales from our domestic Company-owned restaurants even in a very competitive market environment. Our expansion strategy is to cluster restaurants in targeted markets, thereby increasing consumer awareness and enabling us to take advantage of operational, distribution and advertising efficiencies. Average annual Company-owned sales for our most recent comparable restaurant base were $869,000 for 2009, compared to $867,000 for 2008 and $836,000 for 2007. Average sales volumes in new markets are generally lower than in those markets in which we have established a significant market position. The comparable sales for domestic Company-owned restaurants decreased 0.5% in 2009, increased 1.7% in 2008 and increased 0.5% in 2007. The comparable sales for domestic franchised units increased 0.1% in 2009, 0.6% in 2008 and 0.3% in 2007.
We continually strive to obtain high-quality restaurant sites with good access and visibility, and to enhance the appearance and quality of our restaurants. We believe that these factors improve our image and brand awareness. The average property and equipment investment cost for 559 Company-owned restaurants included in our most recent comparable sales base is $268,000. The average cash investment for the five domestic Company-owned restaurants opened during 2009 was approximately $240,000, compared to the $270,000 investment for the 14 units opened in 2008, exclusive of land and any tenant improvement allowances that we received in both years.
Approximately 40% of our revenues for 2009, compared to 41% of our revenues for 2008 and 43% of our revenues for 2007, were derived from the sale to our domestic and international franchisees of food and paper products, printing and promotional items, risk management services and information systems equipment and software and related services by us. We expect the percentage of revenues in 2010 to be consistent with 2009. We believe that, in addition to supporting both Company and franchised growth, these activities contribute to product quality and consistency and restaurant profitability throughout the Papa Johns system.
The results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which were prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to select accounting policies for critical accounting areas as well as estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. The Companys significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Significant changes in assumptions and/or conditions in our critical accounting policies could materially impact the operating results. We have identified the following accounting policies and related judgments as critical to understanding the results of our operations.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Notes Receivable
We establish reserves for uncollectible accounts and notes receivable based on overall receivable aging levels and a specific evaluation of accounts and notes for franchisees and other customers with known financial difficulties. These reserves and corresponding write-offs could significantly increase if the identified franchisees and other customers begin to or continue to experience deteriorating financial results.
Long-lived and Intangible Assets
The recoverability of long-lived assets is evaluated if impairment indicators exist. Indicators of impairment include historical financial performance, operating trends and our future operating plans. If impairment indicators exist, we evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets on an operating unit basis (e.g., an individual restaurant) based on undiscounted expected future cash flows before interest for the expected remaining useful life of the operating unit. Recorded values for long-lived assets that are not expected to be recovered through undiscounted future cash flows are written down to current fair value, which is generally determined from estimated discounted future net cash flows for assets held for use or estimated net realizable value for assets held for sale.
The recoverability of indefinite-lived intangible assets (i.e., goodwill) is evaluated annually or more frequently if impairment indicators exist, on a reporting unit basis by comparing the estimated fair value to its carrying value. Our estimated fair value for Company-owned restaurants is comprised of two
components. The first component is the estimated cash sales price that would be received at the time of the sale and the second component is an investment in the continuing franchise agreement, representing the discounted value of future royalties less any incremental direct operating costs, that would be collected under the ten-year franchise agreement.
During 2008, we sold to domestic franchisees a total of 62 Company-owned restaurants located primarily in three markets. As part of the sales of these restaurants, we recorded a $3.6 million intangible asset for the investment in the continuing franchise agreement, representing the discounted value of the royalties we will receive over the next ten years from the purchaser/franchisee. The intangible asset will be amortized over the ten-year franchise agreement as a reduction in royalty income of $360,000 annually. The intangible asset is recorded in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 27, 2009 with a remaining value of approximately $3.2 million.
At December 27, 2009, we had a net investment of approximately $21.8 million associated with our United Kingdom subsidiary (PJUK). During 2008, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $2.3 million associated with our PJUK operations (none in 2009 or 2007). We updated our evaluation of the fair value of our PJUK subsidiary in 2009. Our analysis indicated the fair value exceeded the carrying value by approximately 10%. The goodwill allocated to this entity approximated $15.2 million at December 27, 2009. We have developed plans for PJUK to continue to improve its operating results. The plans include efforts to increase Papa Johns brand awareness in the United Kingdom, improve sales and profitability for individual restaurants and increase net PJUK franchised unit openings over the next several years. We will continue to periodically evaluate our progress in achieving these plans.
If our growth initiatives with PJUK and certain domestic markets are not successful, future impairment charges could occur.
Our insurance programs for workers compensation, general liability, owned and non-owned automobiles and health insurance coverage provided to our employees are self-insured up to certain individual and aggregate reinsurance levels. Losses are accrued based upon estimates of the aggregate retained liability for claims incurred using certain third-party actuarial projections and our claims loss experience. The estimated insurance claims losses could be significantly affected should the frequency or ultimate cost of claims significantly differ from historical trends used to estimate the insurance reserves recorded by the Company.
From October 2000 through September 2004, our captive insurance company, which provided insurance to our franchisees, was self-insured. Beginning in October 2004, a third-party commercial insurance company began providing fully-insured coverage to franchisees participating in the franchise insurance program. Accordingly, this new arrangement eliminates our risk of loss for franchise insurance coverage written after September 2004. Our operating income is still subject to potential adjustments for changes in estimated insurance reserves for policies written from the inception of the captive insurance company in October 2000 to September 2004.
Deferred Income Tax Assets and Tax Reserves
Papa Johns is subject to income taxes in the United States and several foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining Papa Johns provision for income taxes and the related assets and liabilities. The provision for income taxes includes income taxes paid, currently payable or receivable and those deferred. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities, and are measured using enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences reverse. Deferred tax assets are also recognized for the estimated future effects of tax loss carryforwards. The effect on deferred taxes of changes in tax rates is recognized in the period in which the enactment date changes. As a result, our effective tax rate may fluctuate. Valuation allowances are established when necessary on a jurisdictional basis to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts we expect to realize.
As of December 27, 2009, we had a net deferred income tax asset balance of $15.2 million, of which approximately $7.1 million relates to the net operating loss carryforward of BIBP Commodities, Inc. (BIBP). We have not provided a valuation allowance for the deferred income tax assets associated with our domestic operations, including BIBP, since we believe it is more likely than not that future earnings will be sufficient to ensure the realization of the net deferred income tax assets for federal and state purposes.
Certain tax authorities periodically audit the Company. We provide reserves for potential exposures. We evaluate these issues on a quarterly basis to adjust for events, such as court rulings or audit settlements, which may impact our ultimate payment for such exposures. We recognized reductions of $1.2 million, $1.7 million and $3.4 million in our customary income tax expense associated with the finalization of certain income tax issues in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively (see Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
BIBP is a franchisee-owned corporation that conducts a cheese-purchasing program on behalf of domestic Company-owned and franchised restaurants. We consolidate the financial results of BIBP, since we are deemed the primary beneficiary, as defined, of BIBP. We recognized pre-tax income of approximately $22.5 million during 2009 and pre-tax losses of $10.5 million during 2008 and $31.7 million during 2007 from the consolidation of BIBP. We expect the consolidation of BIBP to continue to have a significant impact on Papa Johns operating income in future periods due to the volatility of cheese prices, but BIBPs operating results are not expected to be cumulatively significant over time. Papa Johns will recognize the operating losses generated by BIBP if the shareholders equity of BIBP is in a net deficit position. Further, Papa Johns will recognize subsequent operating income generated by BIBP up to the amount of BIBP losses previously recognized by Papa Johns.
Recent Accounting Standards
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued the Accounting Standards Codification (Codification or ASC) which became the single official source of authoritative, nongovernmental U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The Codification did not change GAAP but reorganized the literature and changed the naming mechanism by which topics are referenced. Companies were required to begin using the Codification for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. As required, references to pre-codification accounting literature have
been changed throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K to appropriately reference the Codification. The consolidated results of the Company were not impacted by this change.
Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures
The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of the FASBs ASC requires companies to determine fair value based on the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability to a market participant. The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. The new guideline required a phase-in approach: (1) phase one was effective for financial assets and liabilities in our first quarter of 2008 and (2) phase two was effective for non-financial assets and liabilities in our first quarter of fiscal 2009. The new provisions did not have a significant impact on our 2008 or 2009 financial statements.
The guidance requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
· Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
· Level 2: Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.
· Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.
Our financial assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 27, 2009 and December 28, 2008 are as follows:
|
|
Carrying |
|
Fair Value Measurements |
|
||||||||
(In thousands) |
|
Value |
|
Level 1 |
|
Level 2 |
|
Level 3 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
December 27, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Financial assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Investments |
|
$ |
1,382 |
|
$ |
1,382 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Non-qualified deferred compensation plan |
|
11,754 |
|
11,754 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Financial liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Interest rate swaps |
|
4,044 |
|
|
|
4,044 |
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
December 28, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Financial assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Investments |
|
$ |
530 |
|
$ |
530 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Non-qualified deferred compensation plan |
|
8,887 |
|
8,887 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Financial liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Interest rate swaps |
|
6,173 |
|
|
|
6,173 |
|
|
|
Additionally, the adoption for non-financial assets and liabilities in fiscal 2009 did not have a significant impact on our estimated value related to long-lived and intangible assets, such as our annual fair value evaluation of our United Kingdom subsidiary, PJUK, and domestic Company-owned restaurants.
Business Combinations
The Business Combinations topic of the ASC establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest; recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and determines what information to disclose to enable financial statement users to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. The latest guidance in the Business Combinations topic of the ASC applies to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of the new guidance had no impact on our 2009 consolidated financial statements.
Consolidation
Noncontrolling Interests
The Consolidation topic of the ASC requires all entities to report noncontrolling (minority) interests in subsidiaries as equity in the consolidated financial statements, but separate from the equity of the parent company. The Consolidation topic further requires that consolidated net income be reported at amounts attributable to the parent and the noncontrolling interest, rather than expensing the income attributable to the minority interest holder. Additionally, sufficient disclosures are required to clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent company and the interests of the noncontrolling owners, including a disclosure on the face of the consolidated statements for income attributable to the noncontrolling interest holder. The presentation and disclosure requirements that became effective in 2009 were applied retrospectively for all periods presented, and thus, the prior year financial statements have been modified to incorporate the new requirements.
Variable Interest Entities
In 2009, the FASB amended the consolidation principles associated with variable interest entities (VIEs) accounting, as defined in the Consolidation topic of the ASC. The objective is to improve the financial reporting of companies involved with VIEs. As required, the provisions are applicable for entities previously considered qualifying special-purpose entities, as the concept of these entities was eliminated from the ASCs Transfers and Servicing topic. The new guidance amends previous accounting guidance by replacing the quantitative-based risks and rewards calculation for determining which enterprise, if any, has a controlling financial interest in the VIE with a qualitative approach focused on identifying which company has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entitys economic performance and (1) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or (2) the right to receive benefits from the entity. Additionally, a company is required to perform ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. Prior to this statement, a company was only required to reassess the status when specific events occurred.
We are required to adopt the new guidance specified in the Consolidation topic of the ASC for our first quarter of 2010. We expect the adoption to result in the deconsolidation of certain franchise entities that are presently consolidated in our financial statements. These entities reported revenues of approximately $37.7 million during 2009, which are consolidated in our financial statements; however, the consolidation of the entities has had no impact on our operating results during the past three years.
Derivatives and Hedging
During 2009, Papa Johns adopted the latest provisions of the ASC topic, Derivatives and Hedging. The guidance enhances the required disclosures regarding derivatives and hedging activities, including disclosures regarding how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and
related hedged items are accounted, and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entitys financial position, results of operations and cash flows. See Note 7 for additional information.
Subsequent Events
The Subsequent Events topic of the ASC requires public companies to evaluate subsequent events through the date the financial statements are issued. Accordingly, we evaluated for subsequent events occurring after December 27, 2009 (our financial statement date) through February 23, 2010 (the date this report was filed). We determined no subsequent events disclosures were required.
Percentage Relationships and Restaurant Data and Unit Progression
The following tables set forth the percentage relationship to total revenues, unless otherwise indicated, of certain income statement data, and certain restaurant data for the years indicated:
|
|
Year Ended (1) |
|
||||
|
|
Dec. 27, |
|
Dec. 28, |
|
Dec. 30, |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income Statement Data: |
|
52 weeks |
|
52 weeks |
|
52 weeks |
|
Domestic revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company-owned restaurant sales |
|
45.6 |
% |
47.1 |
% |
47.4 |
% |
Variable interest entities restaurant sales |
|
3.4 |
|
0.7 |
|
0.7 |
|
Franchise royalties |
|
5.5 |
|
5.3 |
|
5.2 |
|
Franchise and development fees |
|
0.0 |
|
0.2 |
|
0.4 |
|
Commissary sales |
|
36.8 |
|
37.9 |
|
37.5 |
|
Other sales |
|
4.9 |
|
5.4 |
|
5.8 |
|
International revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Royalties and franchise and development fees |
|
1.2 |
|
1.1 |
|
1.0 |
|
Restaurant and commissary sales |
|
2.6 |
|
2.3 |
|
2.0 |
|
Total revenues |
|
100.0 |
|
100.0 |
|
100.0 |
|
Costs and expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Domestic Company-owned restaurant cost of sales (2) |
|
20.0 |
|
22.6 |
|
22.4 |
|
Domestic Company-owned restaurant operating expenses (2) |
|
58.2 |
|
58.9 |
|
59.3 |
|
Variable interest entities restaurant expenses (3) |
|
78.6 |
|
88.4 |
|
84.4 |
|
Domestic commissary and other expenses (4) |
|
90.8 |
|
90.5 |
|
89.1 |
|
Loss (income) from the franchise cheese purchasing program, net of minority interest (5) |
|
(1.6 |
) |
0.6 |
|
2.1 |
|
International operating expenses (6) |
|
86.3 |
|
88.3 |
|
89.7 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
10.2 |
|
8.8 |
|
9.5 |
|
Other general expenses |
|
1.5 |
|
1.7 |
|
0.6 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
3.0 |
|
2.9 |
|
3.0 |
|
Total costs and expenses |
|
91.4 |
|
94.2 |
|
95.0 |
|
Operating income |
|
8.6 |
|
5.8 |
|
5.0 |
|
Net interest expense |
|
(0.5 |
) |
(0.6 |
) |
(0.6 |
) |
Income before income taxes |
|
8.1 |
|
5.2 |
|
4.4 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
2.6 |
|
1.7 |
|
1.2 |
|
Net income, including noncontrolling interests |
|
5.5 |
|
3.5 |
|
3.2 |
|
Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
(0.3 |
) |
(0.2 |
) |
(0.1 |
) |
Net income, net of noncontrolling interests |
|
5.2 |
% |
3.3 |
% |
3.1 |
% |
|
|
Year Ended (1) |
|
|||||||
|
|
Dec. 27, |
|
Dec. 28, |
|
Dec. 30, |
|
|||
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Restaurant Data: |
|
52 weeks |
|
52 weeks |
|
52 weeks |
|
|||
Percentage increase in comparable domestic Company-owned restaurant sales (7) |
|
-0.5 |
% |
1.7 |
% |
0.5 |
% |
|||
Number of Company-owned restaurants included in the most recent full years comparable restaurant base |
|
559 |
|
566 |
|
541 |
|
|||
Average sales for Company-owned restaurants included in the most recent comparable restaurant base |
|
$ |
869,000 |
|
$ |
867,000 |
|
$ |
836,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Papa Johns Restaurant Progression: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
U.S. Company-owned: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Beginning of period |
|
592 |
|
648 |
|
577 |
|
|||
Opened |
|
5 |
|
14 |
|
20 |
|
|||
Closed |
|
(8 |
) |
(9 |
) |
(9 |
) |
|||
Acquired from franchisees |
|
11 |
|
1 |
|
61 |
|
|||
Sold to franchisees |
|
(12 |
) |
(62 |
) |
(1 |
) |
|||
End of period |
|
588 |
|
592 |
|
648 |
|
|||
International Company-owned: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Beginning of period |
|
23 |
|
14 |
|
11 |
|
|||
Opened |
|
4 |
|
10 |
|
4 |
|
|||
Closed |
|
(1 |
) |
(2 |
) |
|
|
|||
Acquired from franchisees |
|
|
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
|||
Sold to franchisees |
|
|
|
|
|
(3 |
) |
|||
End of period |
|
26 |
|
23 |
|
14 |
|
|||
U.S. franchised: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Beginning of period |
|
2,200 |
|
2,112 |
|
2,080 |
|
|||
Opened |
|
79 |
|
98 |
|
140 |
|
|||
Closed |
|
(87 |
) |
(71 |
) |
(48 |
) |
|||
Acquired from Company |
|
12 |
|
62 |
|
1 |
|
|||
Sold to Company |
|
(11 |
) |
(1 |
) |
(61 |
) |
|||
End of period |
|
2,193 |
|
2,200 |
|
2,112 |
|
|||
International franchised: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Beginning of period |
|
565 |
|
434 |
|
347 |
|
|||
Opened |
|
128 |
|
145 |
|
99 |
|
|||
Closed |
|
(31 |
) |
(13 |
) |
(13 |
) |
|||
Acquired from Company |
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|||
Sold to Company |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
(2 |
) |
|||
End of period |
|
662 |
|
565 |
|
434 |
|
|||
Total Papa Johns restaurants - end of period |
|
3,469 |
|
3,380 |
|
3,208 |
|
|||
(1) |
We operate on a fiscal year ending on the last Sunday of December of each year. |
(2) |
As a percentage of domestic Company-owned restaurant sales. |
(3) |
As a percentage of domestic variable interest entities restaurant sales. |
(4) |
As a percentage of domestic commissary sales and other sales on a combined basis. |
(5) |
As a percentage of total Company revenues; the loss (income) is a result of the consolidation of BIBP, a VIE. The sales reported by BIBP are eliminated in consolidation. |
(6) |
As a percentage of international restaurant and commissary sales. |
(7) |
Includes only Company-owned restaurants open throughout the periods being compared. |
Our operating results include BIBPs operating results. The consolidation of BIBP had a significant impact on our operating results in both 2009 and 2008 (pre-tax income of $22.5 million in 2009 and pre-tax loss of $10.5 million in 2008) and is expected to have a significant ongoing impact on our future operating results and income statement presentation as described below.
Consolidation accounting requires the net impact from the consolidation of BIBP to be reflected primarily in three separate components of our statement of income. The first component is the portion of BIBP operating income or loss attributable to the amount of cheese purchased by Company-owned restaurants during the period. This portion of BIBP operating income (loss) is reflected as a reduction (increase) in the Domestic Company-owned restaurant expenses - cost of sales line item. This approach effectively reports cost of sales for Company-owned restaurants as if the purchasing arrangement with BIBP did not exist and such restaurants were purchasing cheese at the spot market prices (i.e., the impact of BIBP is eliminated in consolidation).
The second component of the net impact from the consolidation of BIBP is reflected in the caption Loss (income) from the franchise cheese-purchasing program, net of minority interest. This line item represents BIBPs income or loss from purchasing cheese at the spot market price and selling to franchised restaurants at a fixed quarterly price, net of any income or loss attributable to the minority interest BIBP shareholders. The amount of income or loss attributable to the BIBP shareholders depends on its cumulative shareholders equity balance and the change in such balance during the reporting period. The third component is reflected as investment income or interest expense, depending upon whether BIBP is in a net investment or net borrowing position during the reporting period.
In addition, Papa Johns has extended loans to certain franchisees. Papa Johns is deemed the primary beneficiary of certain franchisees even though we have no ownership interest in them.
The following table summarizes the impact of VIEs, prior to required consolidating eliminations, on our consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 27, 2009 and December 28, 2008 (in thousands):
|
|
Year Ended December 27, 2009 |
|
Year Ended December 28, 2008 |
|
||||||||||||||
|
|
BIBP |
|
Franchisees |
|
Total |
|
BIBP |
|
Franchisees |
|
Total |
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Variable interest entities restaurant sales |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
37,735 |
|
$ |
37,735 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
8,328 |
|
$ |
8,328 |
|
BIBP sales |
|
142,407 |
|
|
|
142,407 |
|
165,449 |
|
|
|
165,449 |
|
||||||
Total revenues |
|
142,407 |
|
37,735 |
|
180,142 |
|
165,449 |
|
8,328 |
|
173,777 |
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Operating expenses |
|
118,825 |
|
33,434 |
|
152,259 |
|
173,851 |
|
7,966 |
|
181,817 |
|
||||||
General and administrative expenses |
|
233 |
|
1,548 |
|
1,781 |
|
187 |
|
378 |
|
565 |
|
||||||
Other general expense (income) |
|
|
|
1,382 |
|
1,382 |
|
|
|
(89 |
) |
(89 |
) |
||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
|
1,310 |
|
1,310 |
|
|
|
73 |
|
73 |
|
||||||
Total costs and expenses |
|
119,058 |
|
37,674 |
|
156,732 |
|
174,038 |
|
8,328 |
|
182,366 |
|
||||||
Operating income (loss) |
|
23,349 |
|
61 |
|
23,410 |
|
(8,589 |
) |
|
|
(8,589 |
) |
||||||
Interest expense |
|
(806 |
) |
(61 |
) |
(867 |
) |
(1,951 |
) |
|
|
(1,951 |
) |
||||||