Unassociated Document
UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
FORM
10-K
(Mark
one)
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
or
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION
13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the
transition period from _______ to _______.
Commission
file no. 0-16469
Inter Parfums,
Inc.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
|
|
13-3275609
|
(State
or other jurisdiction of
|
|
(I.R.S.
Employer
|
incorporation
or organization)
|
|
Identification
No.)
|
551 Fifth Avenue, New York, New
York
|
|
10176
|
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
|
|
(Zip
Code)
|
Registrant's
telephone number, including area code: 212.983.2640.
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title
of each class
|
Name
of exchange on which registered
|
Common Stock, $.001 par value per
share
|
The
Nasdaq Stock
Market
|
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Title of
Class
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined
in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.
Yes ¨ No x
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to
file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the
past 90 days: Yes x No ¨
Indicate
by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of
Regulation SK is not contained herein and will not be contained, to the best of
the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10K or any other amendment to
this Form 10K. ¨
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an
accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filed. See definition of “accelerated
filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act).
Large
accelerated Filer ¨
|
Accelerated
filer x
|
|
|
Non-accelerated
filer ¨
|
Smaller
Reporting Company¨
|
Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Act).Yes ¨ No x
State the
aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by
non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was
last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the
last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal
quarter. $111,495,452 of voting equity and $-0- of non-voting
equity.
Indicate
the number of shares outstanding of the registrant's $.001 par value common
stock as of the close of business on the latest practicable date March 6, 2009:
30,168,939.
Documents
Incorporated By Reference: None.
Table
of Contents
|
|
Page
|
Note
on Forward Looking Statements
|
|
|
|
PART
I
|
|
|
Item
1.
|
Business
|
1
|
|
|
|
Item
1A.
|
Risk
Factors
|
16
|
|
|
|
Item
1B.
|
Unresolved
Staff Comments
|
23
|
|
|
|
Item
2.
|
Properties
|
24
|
|
|
|
Item
3.
|
Legal
Proceedings
|
25
|
|
|
|
Item
4.
|
Submissions
of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
|
25
|
|
|
|
PART
II
|
|
|
Item
5.
|
Market
for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities
|
26
|
|
|
|
Item
6.
|
Selected
Financial Data
|
29
|
|
|
|
Item
7.
|
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
|
29
|
|
|
|
Item
7A.
|
Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
|
43
|
|
|
|
Item
8.
|
Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data
|
44
|
|
|
|
Item
9.
|
Changes
in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure
|
45
|
|
|
|
Item
9A.
|
Controls
and Procedures
|
45
|
|
|
|
Item
9AT.
|
Controls
and Procedures
|
47
|
|
|
|
Item
9B.
|
Other
Information
|
47
|
|
|
|
PART
III
|
|
|
Item
10.
|
Directors,
Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
|
48
|
|
|
|
Item
11.
|
Executive
Compensation
|
53
|
|
|
|
Item
12.
|
Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters
|
65
|
|
|
|
Item
13.
|
Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence
|
68
|
|
|
|
Item
14.
|
Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
|
69
|
|
|
|
PART
IV
|
|
|
Item
15.
|
Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedules
|
72
|
|
|
|
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
|
F-1
|
|
|
SIGNATURES
|
|
FORWARD
LOOKING STATEMENTS
This
report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and if incorporated by reference into a
registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, within the
meaning of Section 27A of such act. When used in this report, the words
“anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “intend,”
“expect,” “plan,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue” or similar expressions
identify certain forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our plans,
intentions and expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are
reasonable, we can give no assurance that such plans, intentions or expectations
will be achieved.
Actual
results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those
contemplated, expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements contained
in this report. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ
materially from our forward-looking statements are set forth in this report,
including under the heading “Risk Factors”. Such factors include: potential
reduction in sales of our fragrance and fragrance related products due to
reduced consumer confidence as the result of a prolonged economic downturn or
recession in the United States, Europe or any of the other countries in which we
do significant business; uncertainties and continued deterioration in global
credit markets could negatively impact suppliers, customers and consumers;
dependence upon Burberry for a significant portion of our sales; continuation
and renewal of existing license agreements, sales and marketing efforts of
specialty market retailers, such as The Gap, Inc.; protection of our
intellectual property rights; effectiveness of our sales and marketing efforts
and product acceptance by consumers; dependence upon third party manufacturers
and distributors; dependence upon management; competition; currency fluctuation
and international tariff and trade barriers; governmental regulation; and
possible liability for improper comparative advertising or “Trade
Dress”.
These
factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the general or specific
factors that may affect us. It should be recognized that other factors,
including general economic factors and business strategies, may be significant,
presently or in the future, and the factors set forth herein may affect us to a
greater extent than indicated. All forward-looking statements attributable to us
or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the
cautionary statements set forth in this report. Except as required by law, we
undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement, whether as a
result of new information, future events or otherwise.
PART
I
Item
1. Business
Introduction
We are
Inter Parfums, Inc. We operate in the fragrance business, and manufacture,
market and distribute a wide array of fragrances and fragrance related products.
Organized under the laws of the State of Delaware in May 1985 as Jean Philippe
Fragrances, Inc., we changed our name to Inter Parfums, Inc. in July 1999. We
have also retained our brand name, Jean Philippe Fragrances, for some of our
mass-market products.
Our
worldwide headquarters and the office of our three (3) wholly-owned
subsidiaries, Jean Philippe Fragrances, LLC and Inter Parfums USA, LLC, both New
York limited liability companies, and Nickel USA, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
are located at 551 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10176, and our telephone
number is 212.983.2640.
Our
consolidated wholly-owned subsidiary, Inter Parfums Holdings, S.A., and its
majority-owned subsidiary, Inter Parfums, S.A., maintain executive offices at 4,
Rond Point des Champs Elysees, 75008 Paris, France. Our telephone number in
Paris is 331.5377.0000. Inter Parfums S.A. is also the majority owner of four
(4) distribution subsidiaries, Inter Parfums Limited, Inter Parfums Gmbh, Inter
Parfums srl and Inter España Parfums et Cosmetiques, SL, covering
territories in The United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Spain, respectively.
Inter Parfums, S.A. also has a 100% owned subsidiary, Inter Parfums (Suisse)
S.A.
Our
common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the trading
symbol “IPAR” and we are considered a “controlled company” under the applicable
rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market. The common shares of our subsidiary, Inter
Parfums S.A., are traded on the Euronext Exchange.
We
maintain our internet website at www.interparfumsinc.com which is linked to the
SEC Edgar database. You can obtain through our website, free of charge, our
annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on
Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section
13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange as soon as reasonably practicable after we have
electronically filed with or furnished them to the SEC.
Summary
The
following summary is qualified in its entirety by and should be read together
with the more detailed information and audited financial statements, including
the related notes, contained or incorporated by reference in this
report.
We
operate in the fragrance business and manufacture, market and distribute a wide
array of fragrances and fragrance related products. We manage our business in
two segments, European based operations and United States based operations. Our
prestige fragrance products are produced and marketed by our European operations
through our 75% owned subsidiary in Paris, Inter Parfums, S.A., which is also a
publicly traded company as 25% of Inter Parfums, S.A. shares trade on the
Euronext. Prestige cosmetics and prestige skin care products represent less than
3% of consolidated net sales.
We
produce and distribute our prestige fragrance products primarily under license
agreements with brand owners, and prestige product sales represented
approximately 87% of net sales for 2008. We have built a portfolio of
prestige brands, which include Burberry, Lanvin, Van Cleef & Arpels, Paul
Smith, S.T. Dupont, Quiksilver/Roxy, Christian Lacroix and Nickel whose products
are distributed in over 120 countries around the world. During the first half of
2007 we began operations of our four newly established majority-owned European
distribution subsidiaries. Shipments to these subsidiaries are not recognized as
sales until that merchandise is sold by the distribution subsidiary to its
customers.
Burberry
is our most significant license, as sales of Burberry products represented 56%,
54% and 57% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and
2006, respectively. In addition, we own the Lanvin brand name for our class of
business and sales of Lanvin product represented 13%, 12% and 13% of net sales
for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Our
prestige products focus on niche brands with a devoted following. By
concentrating in markets where the brands are best known, we have had many
successful launches. We typically launch new fragrance families for our brands
every year or two, with some frequent “seasonal” fragrances introduced as
well.
Our
specialty retail and mass-market fragrance and fragrance related products are
marketed through our United States operations and represented 13% of sales for
the year ended December 31, 2008. These fragrance products are sold under
trademarks owned by us or pursuant to license or other agreements with the
owners of the Gap,
Banana Republic, New York
& Company, Brooks Brothers, bebe and Jordache
trademarks.
The
creation and marketing of each product family is intimately linked with the
brand’s name, its past and present positioning, customer base and, more
generally, the prevailing market atmosphere. Accordingly, we generally study the
market for each proposed family of fragrance products for almost a full year
before we introduce any new product into the market. This study is intended to
define the general position of the fragrance family and more particularly its
scent, bottle, packaging and appeal to the buyer. In our opinion, the unity of
these four elements of the marketing mix makes for a successful
product.
Our
business is not capital intensive, and it is important to note that we do not
own any manufacturing facilities. We act as a general contractor and source our
needed components from our suppliers. These components are received at one of
our distribution centers and then, based upon production needs, the components
are sent to one of several third party fillers which manufacture the finished
goods for us and ship them back to our distribution center.
As with
any business, many aspects of our operations are subject to influences outside
our control. These factors include the effect of the current financial crisis
and therefore the potential for further deterioration in consumer spending and
consumer debt levels as well as the continued availability of favorable credit
sources and capital market conditions in general. We discuss in greater detail
risk factors relating to our business in Item 1A of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, and the reports that
we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
2008
Developments
International
Distribution of Gap
and
Banana Republic Personal Care Products
In April 2008 we expanded our
relationship with Gap Inc. with the signing of a four-year licensing agreement
for international distribution of personal care products through Gap and Banana
Republic stores as well as select specialty and department stores outside the
United States, including duty-free and other travel-related retailers. The
agreement is effective as of July 1, 2007 and expires December 31,
2011.
Exclusive
Worldwide Agreement with bebe Stores, Inc.
In July
2008 we entered into an exclusive six year worldwide agreement with bebe Stores,
Inc. (NASDAQ: BEBE) of Brisbane, CA, under which we design, manufacture and
supply fragrance, bath and body products and color cosmetics for company-owned
bebe stores in the United States and Canada as well as select specialty and
department stores worldwide.
Paul
Smith License Extended
In July
2008 we extended our license for the Paul Smith brand for an additional seven
years through December 31, 2017 on comparable terms and conditions.
Our
Prestige Products
We
produce and distribute our prestige fragrance products primarily under license
agreements with brand owners, which represented approximately 87% of net sales
for 2008. We have built a portfolio of brands, which include
Burberry, Lanvin, Van Cleef & Arpels, Paul Smith, S.T. Dupont,
Quiksilver/Roxy, Christian Lacroix and Nickel, whose products are distributed in
over 120 countries around the world. During the first half of 2007 we began
operations of our four newly established majority-owned European distribution
subsidiaries. Shipments to these subsidiaries are not recognized as sales until
that merchandise is sold by the distribution subsidiary to its
customers.
Burberry
is our most significant license, as sales of Burberry products represented 56%,
54% and 57% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and
2006, respectively. In addition, we own the Lanvin brand name for our class of
business and sales of Lanvin product represented 13%, 12% and 13% of net sales
for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Under
license agreements, we obtain the right to use the brand name, create new
fragrances and packaging, determine positioning and distribution, and market and
sell the licensed products, in exchange for the payment of royalties. Our rights
under license agreements are also generally subject to certain minimum sales
requirements and advertising expenditures.
The
following is a summary of the prestige brand names owned or licensed by
us:
Brand Name
|
|
Licensed
Or Owned
|
|
Date
Acquired
|
|
Term
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Burberry
|
|
Licensed
|
|
July
2004
|
|
12.5
years and additional 5-year optional term that requires mutual
consent.
|
Lanvin
|
|
Owned
|
|
July
2007
|
|
N/A.
Prior owner has the right to repurchase the brand names and trademarks in
2025 according to a formula.
|
Van
Cleef & Arpels
|
|
Licensed
|
|
Sept.
2006
|
|
Through
December 31, 2018, plus a 5-year option if certain sales targets are
met
|
Paul
Smith
|
|
Licensed
|
|
Dec.
1998
|
|
Through
December 31, 2017
|
S.T.
Dupont
|
|
Licensed
|
|
July
1997
|
|
Through
June 30, 2011.
|
Quiksilver/Roxy
|
|
Licensed
|
|
March
2006
|
|
Through
December 31, 2017
|
Christian
Lacroix
|
|
Licensed
|
|
March
1999
|
|
11
years
|
Nickel
|
|
Owned
|
|
April
2004
|
|
N/A
|
Prestige
Fragrances
BURBERRY — Burberry is our
leading prestige fragrance brand and we operate under an exclusive worldwide
license with Burberry Limited that was originally entered into in 1993 and
replaced by a new agreement in 2004.
We have
had significant success in introducing new fragrance families under the Burberry
brand name. We have introduced several fragrance families including Burberry, Burberry Week End, Burberry Touch, Burberry Brit, Burberry London and Burberry The
Beat. Successful distribution has been achieved in more than a hundred
countries around the world by differentiating the positioning and target
consumer of each of the families. Our success is evidenced by a 19% five-year
compounded annual growth rate in sales of fragrances under the Burberry brand
since 2003.
The most
recent Burberry fragrance family, Burberry The Beat, is the sixth
fragrance family for Burberry fragrances. In March 2008 we commenced the
successful world-wide launch of the women’s fragrance, Burberry The Beat, by capitalizing on
the commercial and editorial success of Burberry’s high-end fashion collections
and continuing to create a strong link to the Burberry fashion brand. Burberry The Beat was a concept that was clearly
distinct from other Burberry fragrance lines. We targeted a younger segment with
a mix of British tradition and an avant-garde positioning with the purpose of
expanding our customer base by targeting an edgier consumer. Further,
music was a major source of inspiration for the concept of this new women’s
fragrance.
For 2008
Burberry brand sales were strong due to the continued rollout of Burberry The Beat, as well as
the growth and staying power of Burberry Brit, which launched in 2003.
Our 2009 new product launch schedule includes the men’s version of Burberry The Beat, which has
recently previewed exclusively at Bloomingdale’s. In addition, the global
rollout of men’s version of Burberry The Beat will follow
during the first half of 2009.
LANVIN — In July 2007 we
acquired the worldwide rights to the Lanvin brand names and international
trademarks listed in Class 3 that we had licensed in June 2004. A synonym of
luxury and elegance, the Lanvin fashion house, founded in 1889 by Jeanne Lanvin,
expanded into fragrances in the 1920s. Today, Lanvin fragrances occupy important
positions in the selective distribution market in France, Europe and Asia,
particularly with the lines Arpège (created in 1927),
Lanvin L’Homme (1997)
and Eclat d’Arpège
(2002). Our first Lanvin fragrance, Arpège pour Homme, debuted in
late 2005. Arpège by
Lanvin won the honor of entering the Fragrance Hall of Fame at the 2005 FiFi
Awards, an honor given to the best fragrance sold for at least 15 years that has
been revitalized.
During
2006, we began the launch of
Rumeur, our first new Lanvin fragrance for women, which was followed by a
wider geographic rollout over the early months of 2007. In addition to the debut
of Lanvin Rumeur, solid
sales gains were achieved by Éclat d’Arpège which has been
a strong seller since its introduction in 2002. During the summer of
2008, we previewed a new Lanvin fragrance family, Jeanne Lanvin, in Paris, and
launched the global rollouts of Jeanne Lanvin and Rumeur 2 Rose
during the Fall of 2008. In addition, we have announced that we will be
unveiling during the Summer of 2009 of a new Lanvin fragrance, Lanvin L’Homme Sport, with
tennis sensation, Rafael Nadal, the Wimbledon, French Open and 2008 Olympic gold
medal winner, as our model and spokesperson.
VAN CLEEF & ARPELS — In September 2006 we
entered into an exclusive, worldwide license agreement for the creation,
development and distribution of fragrance and related bath and body products
under the Van Cleef & Arpels brand and related trademarks. The term of the
license expires on December 31, 2018. We believe this agreement with Van Cleef
& Arpels, the prestigious and legendary world-renowned jewelry designer, was
an important step in our development. We also believe its growth potential will
strengthen opportunities for expansion of our fragrance business in the high
luxury segment.
In 1976,
Van Cleef & Arpels was a pioneer among jewelers with its launch of the
fragrance, First, which
exemplified the tradition of boldness of the jewelry house. We have built
upon this sales base by promoting the two strongest families, First and Tsar, and then creating an
entirely new line, Féerie, which we
launched in Fall 2008. We believe this new women’s fragrance is one of the
highest retail price cologne in the market, as the 100ml. size fragrance has a
suggested retail price of approximately $150. A high end limited edition
fragrance for Van Cleef & Arpels is planned for late 2009.
PAUL SMITH — We signed an
exclusive license agreement with Paul Smith in December 1998, our first designer
fragrance, for the creation, manufacture and worldwide distribution of Paul
Smith perfumes and cosmetics. In July 2008 we extended this license for the Paul
Smith brand for an additional seven years through December 31, 2017 on
comparable terms and conditions.
Paul
Smith is an internationally renowned British designer who creates fashion with a
clear identity. Paul Smith has a modern style which combines elegance,
inventiveness and a sense of humor and enjoys a loyal following, especially in
the UK and Japan. Fragrances include: Paul Smith, Paul Smith Extrême and Paul Smith
London. In the fourth quarter of 2006 we launched the men’s
fragrance, Paul Smith
Story, and in the Fall of 2007, we launched Paul Smith Rose, a new
women’s fragrance for Paul Smith. Our 2009 new product launch schedule for
European-based operations includes a new Paul Smith fragrance for
men.
S.T. DUPONT — In June 1997, we
signed an exclusive license agreement with S.T. Dupont which we extended in 2006
until June 30, 2011, for the creation, manufacture and worldwide distribution of
S.T. Dupont perfumes. Fragrances include: S.T. Dupont Paris, S.T. Dupont Essence Pure and
L’Eau de S.T. Dupont.
In addition, during 2006 we launched the new men’s fragrance, S.T. Dupont Noir, which was
received well in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. During 2007 we launched
S.T. Dupont Blanc, a
new women’s fragrance for S.T. Dupont. Finally, we launched S.T. Dupont Passenger, a new scent for
men and women, during the third quarter of 2008.
QUIKSILVER/ROXY — In March 2006 we
signed an exclusive worldwide license agreement for the creation, development
and distribution of fragrance, suncare, skincare and related products under the
Roxy brand and suncare and related products under the Quiksilver brand. The term
of the license expires in December 2017.
We have
developed entirely new product categories for each of the two brands, which are
important brands for the global youth market and synonymous with the heritage
and culture of surfing, skateboarding and snowboarding. Quiksilver Inc.’s
apparel and footwear brands represent a casual lifestyle for young-minded people
that connect with its board riding culture and heritage.
In late
2007 we launched Roxy,
the first fragrance line for women, and in 2008 we launched Roxy Love, another women's
fragrance. Also during 2008, we brought to market the Quiksilver suncare line,
Sun Energy. For 2009,
we plan to launch the Quiksilver signature fragrance for men.
CHRISTIAN LACROIX — In March
1999, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with the Christian Lacroix
Company for the worldwide development, manufacture and distribution of perfumes.
Our Christian Lacroix fragrances families for both men and women include: Eau Florale, Bazar, Tumulte and C'est la fête.
Prestige
Skin Care
NICKEL — In April
2004 Inter Parfums, S.A. acquired a 67.6% interest in Nickel S.A., and in June
2007, the minority shareholders of Nickel S.A., exercised their rights to sell
their remaining 32.4% interest in Nickel S.A. to us for approximately $4.7
million in cash.
Established
in 1996, Nickel has developed two innovative concepts in the world of cosmetics:
spas exclusively for male customers and skin care products for men. The Nickel
skin care products for the face and body are sold through prestige department
and specialty stores primarily in France, the balance of Western Europe and in
the United States, as well as through our men’s spas in Paris and New York and
our licensed spas in San Francisco and London.
As the
result of disappointing sales of the Eau Maximum fragrance line, we
discontinued that line which contributed to the downturn in sales for this brand
in 2007. In 2008, we focused more on skin care products and launched several new
skin care products under the brand name, Silicon Valley, in order to
grow Nickel sales. However, sales to date have still not met our expectations.
We intend to continue to develop new and innovative skincare products under the
Nickel brand in an attempt to grow sales.
Specialty
Retail and Mass Market Products
Specialty
retail has become an increasingly important part of our overall business, and we
are continuing to expand the global distribution of the specialty retail brands
with which we have partnered. In addition, we have been approached by other
specialty retailers to determine if there is interest in establishing a
relationship whereby we would design, produce and manufacture fragrance and
fragrance related products similar to our existing relationships with specialty
retailers. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to enter into any
similar future arrangements, or if we do, that any such arrangement would be on
terms favorable to us or would be successful.
Gap and Banana
Republic
In July 2005, we entered into an
exclusive agreement with The Gap, Inc. to develop, produce, manufacture and
distribute fragrance, personal care and home fragrance products for Gap and
Banana Republic brand names to be sold in Gap and Banana Republic retail stores
in the United States and Canada. In March 2006, the agreement was amended to
include fragrance, personal care and home fragrance products for Gap Outlet and
Banana Republic Factory Stores in the United States and Canada.
In September 2006, we launched the
Banana Republic Discover Collection, a family of five fragrances, we developed
and supply to Banana Republic’s North American stores. The collection consists
of three scents for women and two for men, each named after a luxurious, natural
material that is both emotional and authentic.
During 2007, we had a staged rollout of
new products to additional Gap stores, as well as new product launches for both
Banana Republic and Gap stores. For Banana Republic, two new
fragrances were added to the Discover Collection, and companion products such as
body wash, body cream and shower gel were also introduced.
In addition, beginning in the third
quarter 2007, a higher end collection of fragrances for men and women as well as
a men’s fragrance and grooming collection, began being rolled-out to Gap’s North
American stores.
In April 2008 we expanded our current
relationship with Gap Inc. to include a licensing agreement for international
distribution of personal care products through Gap and Banana Republic stores as
well as select specialty and department stores outside the United States,
including duty-free and other travel related retailers. The agreement
is effective as of July 1, 2007 and expires December 31, 2011.
We entered into this license agreement
to capitalize on cross-border brand awareness of Gap’s iconic American style and
Banana Republic’s affordable luxury, which we have interpreted into a
brand-specific assortment of fragrance, home fragrance, bath and body, and
grooming products. In addition, our long-established relationships with
distributors in over one hundred countries, and our current infrastructure
enabled us to rollout Gap and Banana Republic products to select department
stores, perfumeries, travel retailers, military bases and other appropriate
retail outlets around the world.
In the
spring of 2009, Close, a new Gap fragrance will be launched at approximately 550
Gap stores and roughly 175 Gap Body stores nationwide, followed by international
distribution expected to reach 5,000 doors in the second half of 2009. In August
2009, new fragrances for men and women will be launched at Banana Republic
stores in North America with international distribution following shortly
thereafter.
Brooks
Brothers
In November 2007, we entered into an
exclusive agreement with Retail Brand Alliance, Inc. covering the design,
manufacture and supply of personal care products for men and women to be sold at
Brooks Brothers locations in the United States as well as a licensing agreement
covering Brooks Brothers stores and specialty and department stores outside the
United States and duty free and other travel-related retailers. In
addition to new product development, we have assumed responsibility for the
production and supply of existing Brooks Brothers fragrance and related personal
care products. In the United States, we are responsible for product development,
formula creation, packaging design and manufacturing while Brooks Brothers is
responsible for marketing, advertising and in-store sales.
The initial term of the agreement expires on December 31, 2013. We have
the right to extend the term of the agreement for five (5) years, until December
31, 2018, subject to certain minimum sales and other requirements. Further, if
our agreement has been extended, then both parties have agreed to negotiate in
good faith the terms of a second five (5) year optional extension term not less
than six (6) months prior to December 31, 2018.
In November 2008, we shipped Brooks
Brothers New York for
men and women to Brooks Brothers U.S. stores, and international distribution,
including duty free and other travel-related retailers, is scheduled for
2009.
New
York & Company
In April 2007 we signed an exclusive
agreement with New York & Company, Inc. under which we design and
manufacture a personal care products sold at the New York & Company retail
locations and on their website. Pursuant to the agreement, we are responsible
for product development, formula creation, packaging and manufacturing while New
York & Company is responsible for marketing and selling in its
stores.
New York & Company has achieved by
building its brand and loyal customer base around clothing and accessories that
are ‘trendy, affordable, comfortable and sexy for real women and with real
lives’. The bath and body products that we developed are designed for the target
New York & Company customer, the fashion-conscious, value-sensitive women
between the ages of 25 and 45. In November 2007 we launched the initial bath and
body collections and holiday gift sets that were developed for New York &
Company’s more than 560 stores.
bebe
In July 2008 we entered into an
exclusive six year worldwide agreement with bebe Stores, Inc., under which we
design, manufacture and supply fragrance, bath and body products and color
cosmetics for company-owned bebe stores in the United States and Canada, as well
as select specialty and department stores worldwide. We intend to incorporate
bebe’s signature look into fragrance and cosmetics for the brand’s strong, hip,
sexy, and sophisticated clientele.
The color
cosmetics we developed and produced for bebe stores are now in their U.S. stores
and, the launch of our signature bebe fragrance will be unveiled at in bebe
Stores in the U.S. in August followed by worldwide distribution in the third
quarter of 2009.
Mass
Market
Our mass market products are comprised
of fragrances and fragrance related products. We produce a variety of
alternative designer fragrances and personal care products that sell at a
substantial discount from their brand name counterparts. Our alternative
designer fragrances are similar in scent to highly advertised designer
fragrances that are marketed at a higher retail price. Our mass market fragrance
brands include several proprietary brand names as well as a license for the
Jordache brand. We also market our Aziza line of low priced eye shadow kits,
mascara, and pencils, focusing on the young teen market and a line of health and
beauty aids under our Intimate and Johnson Parker brands, including shampoo,
conditioner, hand lotion and baby oil. All of these products are distributed to
the same mass market retailers and discount chains.
Business
Strategy
Focus on prestige beauty
brands. Prestige beauty brands contribute significantly to our
growth. Over the past few years, prestige brands have accounted for a larger
portion of our business — 87% of total business in 2008 up from 76% in 2003. We
focus on developing and launching quality fragrances utilizing internationally
renowned brand names. By identifying and concentrating in the most receptive
market segments and territories where our brands are known, and executing highly
targeted launches that capture the essence of the brand, we have had a history
of successful launches. Certain fashion designers and other licensors choose
Inter Parfums as a partner because our company’s size enables us to work more
closely with them in the product development process as well as because of our
successful track record.
Grow portfolio brands through new
product development and marketing. We grow through the
creation of fragrance family extensions within the existing brands in our
portfolio. Every year or two we create a new family of fragrances for each brand
in our portfolio. We frequently introduce “seasonal” fragrances as well. With
new introductions, we leverage our ability and experience to gauge trends in the
market and further leverage the brand name into different product families in
order to maximize sales and profit potential. We have had success in introducing
new fragrance families (sub-brands, or flanker brands) within our brand
franchises. Furthermore, we promote the smooth and consistent
performance of our prestige perfume operations through knowledge of the market,
detailed analysis of the image and potential of each brand name, a “good dose”
of creativity and a highly professional approach to international distribution
channels.
Continue to add new brands to our
portfolio, through new licenses or acquisitions. Prestige
brands are the core of our business — we intend to add new prestige beauty
brands to our portfolio. Over the past decade, we have built our portfolio of
well-known prestige brands through acquisitions and new license agreements. We
intend to further build on our success in prestige fragrances and pursue new
licenses and acquire new brands to strengthen our position in the prestige
beauty market. We identify prestige brands that can be developed and marketed
into a full and varied product families and, with our technical knowledge and
practical experience gained over time, take licensed brand names through all
phases of concept development, manufacturing, and marketing.
Expand existing portfolio into new
categories. We plan to broaden our product offering beyond the
fragrance category and offer other personal care products such as skin care,
cosmetics and hair care under some of our existing brands. We believe such
product offerings meet customer needs and further strengthen customer
loyalty. We also plan to draw upon the skin care product expertise
that the Nickel team brings, as we explore other opportunities in the treatment
side of the beauty business beyond the Nickel brand.
Continue to build global distribution
footprint. Our business is a global business and we intend to
continue to build our global distribution footprint. In order to adapt to
changes in the environment and our business, we have modified our distribution
model and have formed joint ventures in the major markets of the United Kingdom,
Italy, Spain and Germany for distribution of prestige
fragrances. Further, we may enter into future joint ventures
arrangements or acquire distribution companies within other key markets to
distribute certain of our licensed prestige brands. However, we cannot assure
you that we will be able to enter into any future joint venture arrangements or
acquire distribution companies, or if we do, that any such transaction will be
successful. We believe that in certain markets vertical integration of our
distribution network is key to the future growth of our company, and ownership
of such distribution should enable us to better serve our customers’ needs in
local markets and adapt more quickly as situations may determine.
Build specialty retail
business. We believe the beauty industry has experienced a
significant growth in specialty retail, and we now have agreements in place for
with Gap and Banana Republic brands, New York & Company brand, Brooks
Brothers brand and bebe brand. We are responsible for product development,
formula creation, packaging and manufacturing under all of those brands. Gap, a
leading international specialty retailer offering clothing, accessories and
personal care products for men, women, children and babies, New York &
Company, Retail Brand Alliance (for Brooks Brothers) and bebe Stores, Inc. are
each responsible for marketing and selling the newly launched fragrance and
fragrance related products in their stores.
In
addition, we have been approached by other specialty retailers to determine if
there is interest in establishing a relationship whereby we would design,
produce and manufacture fragrance and fragrance related products similar to our
existing relationships with specialty retailers. However, we cannot assure you
that we will be able to enter into any similar future arrangements, or if we do,
that any such arrangement will be successful.
Production
and Supply
The
stages of the development and production process for all fragrances are as
follows:
·
|
Simultaneous
discussions with perfume designers and creators (includes analysis of
esthetic and olfactory trends, target clientele and market communication
approach);
|
·
|
Produce
mock-ups for final acceptance of bottles and
packaging;
|
·
|
Receive
bids from component suppliers (glass makers, plastic processors, printers,
etc.) and packaging companies;
|
·
|
Schedule
production and packaging;
|
·
|
Issue
component purchase orders;
|
·
|
Follow
quality control procedures for incoming components;
and
|
·
|
Follow
packaging and inventory control
procedures.
|
Suppliers
who assist us with product development include:
·
|
Independent
perfumery design companies (Federico Restrepo, Fabien Baron, Aesthete,
Ateliers Dinand);
|
·
|
Perfumers
(IFF, Firmenich, Robertet, Givaudan, Wessel Fragrances) which create a
fragrance consistent with our expectations and, that of the fragrance
designers and creators;
|
·
|
Contract
manufacturers of components such as glassware (Saint Gobain, Saverglass,
Pochet, Nouvelles Verreries de Momignie), caps (MT Packaging, Codiplas,
Risdon, Newburgh) or boxes (Printor Packaging, Draeger, Dannex
Manufacturing);
|
·
|
Production
specialists who carry out packaging (MF Production, Brand, CCI, IKI
Manufacturing) or logistics (SAGA for storage, order preparation and
shipment).
|
For our
prestige products, approximately 80% of component and production needs are
purchased from approximately 50 suppliers out of a total of over 160 active
suppliers. The suppliers' accounts for our European operations are primarily
settled in Euros and for our United States operations, suppliers' accounts are
primarily settled in U.S. dollars.
Marketing
and Distribution
Prestige Products
For the
majority of our international distribution of prestige products, we contract
with independent distribution companies specializing in luxury goods. In each
country, we designate anywhere from one to three distributors with the status of
“exclusive representative” for one or more of our name brands. We also
distribute our prestige products through a variety of duty-free operators, such
as airports and airlines and select vacation destinations.
As our business is a global business and we
intend to continue to build our global distribution footprint. In order to adapt
to changes in the environment and our business, we have modified our
distribution model, and have formed majority owned distribution subsidiaries in
the major markets of the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain and Germany for
distribution of prestige fragrances. Further, we may enter into future joint
ventures arrangements or acquire distribution companies within other key markets
to distribute certain of our licensed prestige brands. However, we cannot assure
you that we will be able to enter into any future joint venture arrangements or
acquire distribution companies, or if we do, that any such transaction will be
successful. We believe that in certain markets vertical integration of our
distribution network is key to the future growth of our company, and ownership
of such distribution should enable us to better serve our customers’ needs in
local markets and adapt more quickly as situations may
determine.
Our third
party distributors vary in size depending on the number of competing brands they
represent. This extensive and diverse network together with our own distribution
subsidiaries provides us with a significant presence in over 120 countries
around the world. Sales to one distributor represented 12%, 13% and 15% of
consolidated net sales in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Approximately
34% of our prestige fragrance net sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. In an
effort to reduce our exposure to foreign currency exchange fluctuations, we
engage in a program of cautious hedging of foreign currencies to minimize the
risk arising from operations.
The
business or our European operations has become increasingly seasonal due to the
timing of shipments by our majority-owned distribution subsidiaries to their
customers, which are weighted to the second half of the year.
Distribution
in France of our prestige products is carried out by a sales team who oversee
some 1,200 points of sale including, retail perfumers (chain stores) such
as
· Sephora
· Marionnaud
· Nocibé
· Galeries
Lafayette
· Printemps
or
specialized independent points of sale. Approximately 90% of prestige product
sales in France are made to approximately 20 customers out of a total of over
1,200 active accounts.
Specialty Retail and Mass Market
Products
We do not presently market and
distribute Gap, Banana Republic, New York & Company or Brooks Brothers
specialty retail products to third parties in the United States. Marketing and
distribution for such brands are the responsibility of the brand owners which
market and sell the products we produce in their own retail locations. However,
with respect to our license agreement with bebe Stores, Inc., we distribute or
plan to distribute product to their stores, and distribute or plan to distribute
product as well as to other retailer outlets and department stores within the
United States.
In
addition, the business of our United States operations has become increasingly
seasonal as shipments to our specialty retail customers are weighted toward the
second half of the year.
Further, with respect to Gap, Banana
Republic, Brooks Brothers and bebe brands, we distribute or plan to distribute
product to specialty retailers and department stores outside the United States
including duty free and other travel-related retailers. We utilize our in house
sales team to reach our distributors and customers outside the United
States.
Mass merchandisers are the target
customers for our mass market products. In addition, our mass market products
are sold to wholesale distributors, specialty store chains, and to multiple
locations of accessory, jewelry and clothing outlets. These products are sold
through a highly efficient and dedicated in-house sales team and reach
approximately 12,000 retail outlets throughout the United States and
abroad.
Our 140,000 square foot distribution
center has provided us with the opportunity and resources to meet our customers'
requirements.
Geographic Areas
Export sales from United States
operations were approximately $22.5, $9.5 million and $7.2 million in 2008, 2007
and 2006, respectively.
Consolidated net sales to customers by
region is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
Year Ended December 31
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
North
America
|
|
$ |
108,600 |
|
|
$ |
115,400 |
|
|
$ |
107,400 |
|
Europe
|
|
|
204,100 |
|
|
|
173,200 |
|
|
|
128,300 |
|
Central
and South America
|
|
|
38,000 |
|
|
|
28,200 |
|
|
|
24,500 |
|
Middle
East
|
|
|
39,200 |
|
|
|
26,100 |
|
|
|
21,900 |
|
Asia
|
|
|
53,000 |
|
|
|
43,900 |
|
|
|
37,700 |
|
Other
|
|
|
3,200 |
|
|
|
2,800 |
|
|
|
1,300 |
|
|
|
$ |
446,100 |
|
|
$ |
389,600 |
|
|
$ |
321,100 |
|
Consolidated net sales to customers in
major countries is as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
Year Ended December 31
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
United
States
|
|
$ |
101,000 |
|
|
$ |
113,000 |
|
|
$ |
104,000 |
|
United
Kingdom
|
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
28,000 |
|
|
|
28,000 |
|
France
|
|
|
38,000 |
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
21,000 |
|
Competition
The
market for fragrances and fragrance related products is highly competitive and
sensitive to changing preferences and demands. The prestige fragrance industry
is highly concentrated around certain major players with resources far greater
than ours. We compete with an original strategy— regular and methodical
development of quality fragrances for a growing portfolio of internationally
renowned brand names.
In the
specialty retail market, we are primarily sell products directly to Gap and
Banana Republic stores, New York & Company stores, Brooks Brother stores and
bebe stores, so we do not have any direct competition. However, such special
retail stores compete directly with other specialty retail stores such as
Abercrombie & Fitch and Victoria Secret, which thereby indirectly compete
with us.
We
compete in the mass market for fragrances, color cosmetics health and beauty
aids primarily on the basis of price. At the present time, we are aware of
approximately four established companies which market alternative designer
fragrances similar to ours. Many of our competitors of both mass market color
cosmetics (such as L’Oreal and Revlon) and health and beauty aids (such as
Proctor and Gamble) have substantial financial resources as well as national and
international marketing campaigns. However, we believe that consumer recognition
of our two brands, Aziza for mass market color cosmetics, and Intimate for
health and beauty aids, together with competitive pricing of our products, helps
us compete in those markets.
Inventory
We
purchase raw materials and component parts from suppliers based on internal
estimates of anticipated need for finished goods, which enables us to meet
production requirements for finished goods. We generally deliver product to
customers within 72 hours of the receipt of their orders.
Product
Liability
We
maintain product liability coverage in an amount of $5,000,000. Based upon our
experience, we believe this coverage is adequate and covers substantially all of
the exposure we may have with respect to our products. We have never been the
subject of any material product liability claims.
Government
Regulation
A
fragrance is defined as a “cosmetic” under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetics
Act. A fragrance must comply with the labeling requirements of this
FDC Act as well as the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act and its regulations. Some
of our color cosmetic products may contain menthol and are also classified as a
“drug”. Under U.S. law, a product may be classified as both a cosmetic and a
drug. Additional regulatory requirements for products which are “drugs” include
additional labeling requirements, registration of the manufacturer and the
semi-annual update of a drug list.
Our
fragrances are subject to the approval of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and
Firearms as a result of the use of specially denatured alcohol. So
far we have not experienced any difficulties in obtaining the required
approvals.
Our
fragrances that are manufactured in France are subject to certain regulatory
requirements of the European Union, but as of the date of this report, we have
not experienced any material difficulties in complying with such
requirements.
Trademarks
The
market for our products depends to a significant extent upon the value
associated with our trademarks and brand names. We own, or have licenses or
other rights to use, the material trademark and brand name rights used in
connection with the packaging, marketing and distribution of our major products
both in the United States and in other countries where such products are
principally sold. Therefore, trademark and brand name protection is important to
our business. Although most of our brand names are registered in the
United States and in certain foreign countries in which we operate, we may not
be successful in asserting trademark or brand name protection. In addition, the
laws of certain foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property
rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. The costs required
to protect our trademarks and brand names may be substantial.
Under
various license and other agreements we have the right to use certain registered
trademarks throughout the world (except as otherwise noted). These
registered trademarks include:
|
·
|
New
York & Company (U.S. only)
|
In
addition, we are the registered trademark owner of many trademarks,
including:
|
·
|
Regal
Collections, Royal Selections, Euro Collections and
Apple
|
Employees
As of
March 1, 2009 we had 245 full-time employees world-wide. Of these, 152 are
full-time employees in Paris, with 47 employees engaged in sales activities and
105 in administrative, production and marketing activities. In the United
States, 93 employees work full-time, and of these, 41 were engaged in sales
activities and 52 in administrative, production and marketing activities. We
believe that our relationship with our employees is good.
Item
1A. Risk Factors.
You
should carefully consider these risk factors, together with all of the other
information contained or incorporated by reference in this report, before you
decide to purchase or sell shares of our common stock. These factors could cause
our future results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in
forward-looking statements made by us. The risks and uncertainties described
below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not
presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also harm our
business. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of
these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Our
business could be adversely affected by a prolonged downturn or recession in the
United States, Europe or other countries in which we conduct
business.
A prolonged economic downturn or
recession in the United States, Europe or any of the other countries in which we
do significant business could materially and adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations. In particular, such a downturn or
recession could adversely impact (i) the level of spending by our ultimate
consumers, (ii) our ability to collect accounts receivable on a timely
basis from certain customers, (iii) our ability of certain suppliers to
fill our orders for raw materials, packaging or co-packed finished goods on a
timely basis, and (iv) the mix of our product sales.
Consumers
may reduce discretionary purchases of our products as a result of a general
economic downturn.
We
believe that the high degree of global economic uncertainty is expected to
continue to have a negative effect on consumer confidence, demand and
spending. In addition, we believe that consumer spending on beauty
products is influenced by general economic conditions and the availability of
discretionary income. Accordingly, we may experience sustained periods of
declines in sales during periods of economic downturn as it may affect
customers’ purchasing patterns. In addition, a general economic downturn may
result in reduced traffic in our customers’ stores which may, in turn, result in
reduced net sales to our customers. Any resulting material reduction in our
sales could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and operating results.
Uncertainties
and continued deterioration in global credit markets could negatively impact
suppliers, customers and consumers, which could have an adverse impact on our
business as a whole.
Uncertainties and continued
deterioration in
the global credit markets could negatively impact our suppliers, customers and
consumers which, in turn, could have an adverse impact on our business. While,
thus far, uncertainties in global credit markets have not significantly affected
our access to credit due to our strong credit rating, a further deterioration in
global financial markets could make future financing difficult or more
expensive. Such lack of credit or lack of credit on favorable terms could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating
results.
If
our intangible assets, such as trademarks and goodwill, become impaired we may
be required to record a significant non-cash charge to earnings which would
negatively impact our results of operations.
Under
United States generally accepted accounting principles, we review our intangible
assets, including our trademarks licenses and goodwill, for impairment annually
in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or
changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of our intangible assets
may not be fully recoverable. The carrying value of our intangible assets may
not be recoverable due to factors such as reduced estimates of future cash
flows, including those associated with the specific brands to which intangibles
relate, or slower growth rates in our industry. Estimates of future cash flows
are based on a long-term financial outlook of our operations and the specific
brands to which the intangible assets relate. However, actual performance in the
near-term or long-term could be materially different from these forecasts, which
could impact future estimates and the recorded value of the intangibles. Any
significant impairment to our intangible assets would result in a significant
charge to earnings in our financial statements during the period in which the
impairment is determined to exist.
We
are dependent upon Burberry for a significant portion of our sales, and the loss
of this license will have a material adverse effect on us.
Burberry
is our most significant license, as sales of Burberry products represented 56%,
54% and 57% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and
2006, respectively.
In
October 2004 our Paris-based subsidiary, Inter Parfums, S.A., entered into a
12.5-year, exclusive world-wide fragrance license with Burberry Limited,
effective as of July 1, 2004, which replaced the original 1993 license. This
license includes an additional five-year optional term that requires the consent
of both Burberry and Inter Parfums, S.A., and must be exercised, if at all,
prior to December 31, 2014. In addition, Burberry has the right on December 31,
2011 to buy back the license at its then fair market value. Further, this
license provides for termination on a change in control of either, Inter
Parfums, S.A., the licensee, or Inter Parfums, Inc., the guarantor.
This
license is subject to Inter Parfums, S.A. making required royalty payments
(which are subject to certain minimums), minimum advertising and promotional
expenditures and meeting minimum sales requirements. The loss of this license
will have a material adverse effect on us.
We
are dependent upon the continuation and renewal of various licenses and other
agreements for a significant portion of our sales, and the loss of one or more
licenses or agreements could have a material adverse effect on us.
All of
our rights relating to prestige fragrance brands, other than Lanvin, as well as
all of our specialty retail brands, are derived from licenses or other
agreements from unaffiliated third parties and our business is dependent upon
the continuation and renewal of such licenses and other agreements on terms
favorable to us. Each license or agreement is for a specific term and may have
additional optional terms. In addition, each license is subject to us making
required royalty payments (which are subject to certain minimums), minimum
advertising and promotional expenditures and meeting minimum sales requirements.
Other agreements are generally subject to meeting minimum sales requirements.
Just as the loss of a license or other significant agreement may have a material
adverse effect on us, a renewal on less favorable terms may also negatively
impact us.
If
we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights, specifically
trademarks and brand names, our ability to compete could be negatively
impacted.
The
market for our products depends to a significant extent upon the value
associated with trademarks and brand names that we license, use or own. We own,
or have licenses or other rights to use, the material trademark and brand name
rights used in connection with the packaging, marketing and distribution of our
major products both in the United States and in other countries where such
products are principally sold. Therefore, trademark and brand name protection is
important to our business. Although most of our brand names are
registered in the United States and in certain foreign countries in which we
operate, we may not be successful in asserting trademark or brand name
protection. In addition, the laws of certain foreign countries may not protect
our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United
States. The costs required to protect our trademarks and brand names may be
substantial.
The
success of our products is dependent on public taste.
Our
revenues are substantially dependent on the success of our products, which
depends upon, among other matters, pronounced and rapidly changing public
tastes, factors which are difficult to predict and over which we have little, if
any, control. In addition, we have to develop successful marketing, promotional
and sales programs in order to sell our fragrances and fragrance related
products. If we are not able to develop successful marketing, promotional and
sales programs, then such failure will have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and operating results.
We
are subject to extreme competition in the fragrance industry.
The
market for fragrances and fragrance related products is highly competitive and
sensitive to changing market preferences and demands. Many of our competitors in
this market (particularly in the prestige fragrance industry) are larger than we
are and have greater financial resources than are available to us, potentially
allowing them greater operational flexibility. Our success in the prestige
fragrance industry is dependent upon our ability to continue to generate
original strategies and develop quality products that are in accord with ongoing
changes in the market.
In the
specialty retail market we primarily sell products directly to Gap and Banana
Republic stores, New York & Company stores, Brooks Brother stores and bebe
stores, so we do not have any direct competition. However, such special retail
stores compete directly with other specialty retail stores such as Abercrombie
& Fitch and Victoria Secret, which thereby indirectly compete with
us.
Our
success with mass market fragrance and fragrance related products is dependent
upon our ability to competitively price quality products and to quickly and
efficiently develop and distribute new products.
If there
is insufficient demand for our existing fragrances and fragrance related
products, or if we do not develop future strategies and products that withstand
competition or we are unsuccessful in competing on price terms, then we could
experience a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
operating results.
We
are dependent upon specialty retailers to sell products that we develop for
their retail stores.
We have
agreements in place for Gap and Banana Republic brands, New York & Company
brand, Brooks Brothers brand and bebe brand. We are responsible for product
development, formula creation, packaging and manufacturing under all of those
brands. Gap, a leading international specialty retailer offering clothing,
accessories and personal care products for men, women, children and babies, New
York & Company, Retail Brand Alliance (for Brooks Brothers) and bebe Stores,
Inc., for bebe brand, are each responsible for marketing and selling the newly
launched fragrance and fragrance related products in their stores.
If the
sales and marketing efforts of those specialty retailers are not successful for
the products that we have developed, then our future growth potential could be
negatively impacted.
If
we are unable to acquire or license additional brands, or obtain the required
financing for these agreements and arrangements, then the growth of our business
could be impaired.
Our
future expansion through acquisitions or new product distribution arrangements,
if any, will depend upon the capital resources and working capital available to
us. Further, in view of the global banking crisis, we may be unable to obtain
financing or credit that we may require for additional licenses, acquisitions or
other transactions. We may be unsuccessful in identifying, negotiating,
financing and consummating such acquisitions or arrangements on terms acceptable
to us, or at all, which could hinder our ability to increase revenues and build
our business.
We
may engage in future acquisitions that we may not be able to successfully
integrate or manage. These acquisitions may dilute our stockholders and cause us
to incur debt and assume contingent liabilities.
We
continuously review acquisition prospects that would complement our current
product offerings, increase our size and geographic scope of operations or
otherwise offer growth and operating efficiency opportunities. The financing, if
available, for any of these acquisitions could significantly dilute our
stockholders and/or result in an increase in our indebtedness. We may acquire or
make investments in businesses or products in the future, and such acquisitions
may entail numerous integration risks and impose costs on us,
including:
|
·
|
difficulties
in assimilating acquired operations or products, including the loss of key
employees from acquired businesses;
|
|
·
|
diversion
of management’s attention from our core
business;
|
|
·
|
adverse
effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and
customers;
|
|
·
|
risks
of entering markets in which we have no or limited prior
experience;
|
|
·
|
dilutive
issuances of equity securities;
|
|
·
|
incurrence
of substantial debt;
|
|
·
|
assumption
of contingent liabilities;
|
|
·
|
incurrence
of significant amortization expenses related to intangible assets and the
potential impairment of acquired assets;
and
|
|
·
|
incurrence
of significant immediate
write-offs.
|
Our
failure to successfully complete the integration of any acquired business could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
operating results.
We
are dependent upon Messrs. Jean Madar and Philippe Benacin, and the loss of
their services could harm our business.
Jean
Madar, our Chief Executive Officer, and Philippe Benacin, our President and
Chief Executive Officer of Inter Parfums, S.A., are responsible for day-to-day
operations as well as major decisions. Termination of their relationships with
us, whether through death, incapacity or otherwise, could have a material
adverse effect on our operations, and we cannot assure you that qualified
replacements can be found. We maintain key man insurance on the life of Mr.
Benacin ($3.6 million) and are seeking to acquire a nominal amount of key man
insurance on the life of Mr. Madar. However, we cannot assure you
that we would be able to retain suitable replacements for either Mr. Madar or
Mr. Benacin.
Our
reliance on third party manufacturers could have a material adverse effect on
us.
We rely
on outside sources to manufacture our fragrances and cosmetics. The failure of
such third party manufacturers to deliver either components or finished goods on
a timely basis could have a material adverse effect on our business. Although we
believe there are alternate manufacturers available to supply our requirements,
we cannot assure you that current or alternative sources will be able to supply
all of our demands on a timely basis. We do not intend to develop our own
manufacturing capacity. As these are third parties over which we have
little or no control, the failure of such third parties to provide components or
finished goods on a timely basis could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and operating results.
Our
reliance on third party distributors could have a material adverse effect on
us.
We sell a
substantial percentage of our prestige fragrances through independent
distributors specializing in luxury goods. Given the growing importance of
distribution, we have begun to modify our distribution model by the formation of
joint ventures or company owned subsidiaries within key markets. We have little
or no control over third party distributors and the failure of such third
parties to provide services on a timely basis could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. In
addition, if we replace existing third party distributors with new third party
distributors or with our own distribution arrangements, then transition issues
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
operating results.
The
loss of or disruption in our distribution facilities could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating
results.
We
currently have one distribution facility in Paris and one in New Jersey.
The loss of one or both of those facilities, as well as the inventory
stored in those facilities, would require us to find replacement facilities and
assets. In addition, terrorist attacks, or weather conditions, such as natural
disasters, could disrupt our distribution operations. If we cannot replace our
distribution capacity and inventory in a timely, cost-efficient manner, it could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
operating results.
The
international character of our business renders us subject to fluctuation in
foreign currency exchange rates and international trade tariffs, barriers and
other restrictions.
A portion
of our European operations’ net sales (approximately 34% in 2008) are sold in
U.S. dollars. In an effort to reduce our exposure to foreign currency exchange
fluctuations, we engage in a program of cautious hedging of foreign currencies
to minimize the risk arising from operations. Despite such actions, fluctuations
in foreign currency exchange rates for the U.S. dollar, particularly with
respect to the Euro, could have a material adverse effect on our operating
results. Possible import, export, tariff and other trade barriers, which could
be imposed by the United States, other countries or the European Union might
also have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our
business is subject to governmental regulation, which could impact our
operations.
Fragrances
and fragrance related products must comply with the labeling requirements of the
Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act as well as the Fair Packaging and Labeling
Act and their regulations. Some of our color cosmetic products may also be
classified as a “drug”. Additional regulatory requirements for products which
are “drugs” include additional labeling requirements, registration of the
manufacturer and the semi-annual update of a drug list.
Our
fragrances are subject to the approval of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and
Firearms as a result of the use of specially denatured alcohol. So
far we have not experienced any difficulties in obtaining the required
approvals.
Our
fragrances and fragrance related products that are manufactured in France are
subject to certain regulatory requirements of the European Union, but as of the
date of this report, we have not experienced any material difficulties in
complying with such requirements.
However,
we cannot assure you that, should we develop or market fragrances and fragrance
related products with different ingredients, or should existing regulations or
requirements be revised, we would not in the future experience difficulty in
complying with such requirements, which could have a material adverse effect on
our results of operations.
We
may become subject to possible liability for improper comparative advertising or
“Trade Dress.”
Brand
name manufacturers and sellers of brand name products may make claims of
improper comparative advertising or trade dress (packaging) with respect to the
likelihood of confusion between some of our mass market products and those of
brand name manufacturers and sellers. They may seek damages for loss of business
or injunctive relief to seek to have the use of the improper comparative
advertising or trade dress halted. However, we believe that our
displays and packaging constitute fair competitive advertising and are not
likely to cause confusion between our products and others. Further, we have not
experienced to any material degree, any of such problems to date.
Item
1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item
2. Properties
United States Operations
|
|
Use
|
|
Location
|
|
|
Approximate
Size
|
|
Term Expires
|
|
Other
Information
|
Office
Space-corporate headquarters and United States operations
|
|
551
Fifth Avenue, New York, NY.
|
|
|
11,000
square feet
|
|
February
28, 2013
|
|
|
Distribution
center
|
|
60
Stults Road
Dayton,
NJ
|
|
|
140,000
square feet
|
|
October
31, 2010
|
|
|
Men’s
Spa
|
|
Unit
C2, 300 West 14th Street, New York, N.Y.
|
|
|
4,500
square feet
|
|
October
31, 2009
|
|
Option
exercised for 5 year
term
|
European Operations
|
|
Use
|
|
Location
|
|
Approximate
Size
|
|
Term Expires
|
|
Other
Information
|
Office
Space-Paris corporate headquarters and European operations
|
|
4 Rond
Point Des Champs Elysees
Ground
and 1st Fl. Paris, France
|
|
571
square meters
|
|
March
2013
|
|
Lessee
has early termination right every 3 years on 6 months
notice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office
Space-Paris corporate headquarters and European operations
|
|
4 Rond
Point Des Champs Elysees
4th
Fl.
Paris,
France
|
|
540
square meters
|
|
June
2014
|
|
Lessee
has early termination right every 3 years on 6 months
notice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office
Space-Paris corporate headquarters and European operations
|
|
4 Rond
Point Des Champs Elysees
5th
Fl- left
Paris,
France
|
|
155
square meters
|
|
March
2013
|
|
Lessee
has early termination right on 3 months notice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office
Space-Paris corporate headquarters and European operations
|
|
4 Rond
Point Des Champs Elysees
6th
Fl-Right
Paris,
France
|
|
157
square meters
|
|
March
2013
|
|
Lessee
has early termination right every 3 years on 6 months
notice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office
Space-Paris corporate headquarters and European operations
|
|
4 Rond
Point Des Champs Elysees
2nd
Fl
Paris,
France
|
|
544
square meters
|
|
September
2017
|
|
Lessee
has early termination right every 3 years on 6 months
notice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office
Space-Paris corporate headquarters and European operations
|
|
4 Rond
Point Des Champs Elysees
6th
Fl
Paris,
France
|
|
60
square meters
|
|
September
2017
|
|
Lessee
has early termination right every 3 years on 6 months
notice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office
Space-
Paris
Accounting and Legal
|
|
39
avenue Franklin Roosevelt,
2nd
Floor
Paris,
France
|
|
360
square meters
|
|
December
2014
|
|
Lessee
has early termination right every 3 years on 6 months
notice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Men’s
Spa
|
|
48
Rue des Francs Bourgeois,
Paris,
France
|
|
116
square meters
|
|
June
2011
|
|
Lessee
has early termination right every 3 years on 6 months
notice
|
Inter
Parfums, S.A. has an agreement with Sagatrans, S.A. for warehousing and
distribution services through September 2011. Fees are calculated based upon a
percentage of sales, which are customary in the industry. Minimum
future lease payments range from 2.8 million euro in 2008 increasing to 3.0
million euro in 2011.
We
believe our office and warehouse facilities are satisfactory for our present
needs and those for the foreseeable future.
Item 3. Legal
Proceedings
We are not a party to any material
lawsuits.
Item
4. Submissions Of Matters To A Vote Of Security Holders
Not applicable.
PART
II
Item 5. Market For
Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities
The
Market for Our Common Stock
Our company's common stock, $.001 par
value per share, is traded on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol
“IPAR”. The following table sets forth in dollars, the range of high
and low closing prices for the past two fiscal years for our common
stock.
Fiscal 2008
|
|
High Closing Price
|
|
|
Low Closing Price
|
|
Fourth
Quarter
|
|
|
13.88
|
|
|
|
5.04
|
|
Third
Quarter
|
|
|
17.08
|
|
|
|
12.12
|
|
Second
Quarter
|
|
|
19.96
|
|
|
|
14.00
|
|
First
Quarter
|
|
|
14.92
|
|
|
|
9.03
|
|
Fiscal 2007
|
|
High Closing Price
|
|
|
Low Closing Price
|
|
Fourth
Quarter
|
|
|
14.19
|
|
|
|
11.83
|
|
Third
Quarter
|
|
|
19.45
|
|
|
|
13.63
|
|
Second
Quarter
|
|
|
18.21
|
|
|
|
13.42
|
|
First
Quarter
|
|
|
17.64
|
|
|
|
10.95
|
|
As of
February 24, 2009 the number of record holders, which include brokers and
broker's nominees, etc., of our common stock was
57. We believe there are in excess of approximately 3400 beneficial
owners of our common stock.
Corporate
Performance Graph
The following graph compares the
performance for the periods indicated in the graph of our common stock with the
performance of the Nasdaq Market Index and the average performance of a group of
the company’s peer corporations consisting of: Alberto-Culver, Avon Products
Inc., Bare Escentuals, Inc., Blyth Inc., CCA Industries, Inc., Colgate-Palmolive
Co., Elizabeth Arden, Inc., Estee Lauder Cosmetics, Inc., Inter Parfums, Inc.,
Kimberly Clark Corp., Natural Health Trends, Parlux Fragrances Inc., Physicians
Formula Holdings, Procter & Gamble, Revlon, Inc., Spectrum Brands, Inc.,
Stephan Company, Summer Infant, Inc., and United Guardian, Inc. The graph
assumes that the value of the investment in our common stock and each index was
$100 at the beginning of the period indicated in the graph, and that all
dividends were reinvested.
Below is the list of the data points
for each year that corresponds to the lines on the above
graph.
|
|
|
12/03 |
|
|
|
12/04 |
|
|
|
12/05 |
|
|
|
12/06 |
|
|
|
12/07 |
|
|
|
12/08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inter
Parfums, Inc.
|
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
70.88 |
|
|
|
80.80 |
|
|
|
87.06 |
|
|
|
82.27 |
|
|
|
53.38 |
|
NASDAQ
Composite
|
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
110.08 |
|
|
|
112.88 |
|
|
|
126.51 |
|
|
|
138.13 |
|
|
|
80.47 |
|
Peer
Group
|
|
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
112.32 |
|
|
|
114.06 |
|
|
|
130.59 |
|
|
|
150.80 |
|
|
|
126.46 |
|
Dividends
In December 2006, our board of
directors increased our cash dividend from $.107 to $.133 per share per annum,
payable $.033 on a quarterly basis. In December 2007 and again in December 2008,
our board of directors authorized the continuation of our cash dividend of $.133
per share per annum, payable $.033 on a quarterly basis. The first cash dividend
for 2009 of $.033 per share is payable on April 15, 2009 to shareholders of
record on March 31, 2009.
Our
Certificate of Incorporation provides for the requirement of unanimous approval
of the members of our board of directors for the declaration or payment of
dividends, if the aggregate amount of dividends to be paid by us and our
subsidiaries in any fiscal year is more than thirty percent (30%) of our annual
net income for the last completed fiscal year, as indicated by our consolidated
financial statements.
Sales
of Unregistered Securities
The
following sets forth certain information as to the sales of unregistered
securities, including options granted to purchase our common stock during the
last quarter of the last fiscal year and through the date of this report, which
were not registered under the Securities Act. In each of the transactions, we
granted options to our non-employee directors, who are all deemed our
affiliates. The transactions were exempt from the registration requirements of
Section 5 of the Securities Act under Sections 4(2) and 4(6) of the Securities
Act. Each option holder agreed that, if the option is exercised, the option
holder would purchase his common stock for investment and not for resale to the
public. Also, we provide all option holders with all reports we file with the
SEC and press releases issued by us.
On February 2, 2009, we granted options
to purchase an aggregate of 4,000 shares for a five-year period at the exercise
price of $6.148 per share, the fair market value on the date of grant, to 5
directors under our 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan. Such options
vest 25% each year over a 4 year period on a cumulative basis.
Repurchases of Our Common
Stock
For each of the three (3) months during
the fourth quarter of 2008, we repurchased the following shares of our common
stock:
Month
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
October
2008
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
November
2008
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
December
2008
|
|
|
468,137 |
|
Item
6. Selected Financial Data
The
following selected financial data have been derived from our financial
statements, and should be read in conjunction with those financial statements,
including the related footnotes.
|
|
|
|
(In thousands except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Statement Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Sales
|
|
$ |
446,124 |
|
|
$ |
389,560 |
|
|
$ |
321,054 |
|
|
$ |
273,533 |
|
|
$ |
236,047 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost
of
Sales
|
|
|
191,915 |
|
|
|
160,137 |
|
|
|
143,855 |
|
|
|
115,827 |
|
|
|
113,988 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling,
General and Administrative
|
|
|
202,264 |
|
|
|
181,224 |
|
|
|
141,074 |
|
|
|
126,353 |
|
|
|
89,516 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Income
|
|
|
51,009 |
|
|
|
47,331 |
|
|
|
36,125 |
|
|
|
31,353 |
|
|
|
32,543 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Before Taxes and Minority Interest
|
|
|
46,434 |
|
|
|
47,276 |
|
|
|
37,135 |
|
|
|
31,724 |
|
|
|
31,638 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
|
23,765 |
|
|
|
23,817 |
|
|
|
17,742 |
|
|
|
15,263 |
|
|
|
15,703 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income per Share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
.
78 |
|
|
$ |
.78 |
|
|
$ |
.58 |
|
|
$ |
.51 |
|
|
$ |
.55 |
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
.77 |
|
|
$ |
.76 |
|
|
$ |
.58 |
|
|
$ |
.50 |
|
|
$ |
.51 |
|
Average
Common Shares Outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
30,621 |
|
|
|
30,666 |
|
|
|
30,486 |
|
|
|
30,117 |
|
|
|
28,808 |
|
Diluted
|
|
|
30,778 |
|
|
|
31,004 |
|
|
|
30,853 |
|
|
|
30,731 |
|
|
|
30,741 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
and Amortization
|
|
$ |
9,925 |
|
|
$ |
8,031 |
|
|
$ |
5,347 |
|
|
$ |
4,513 |
|
|
$ |
3,988 |
|
|
|
|
|
(In thousands except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
Sheet And Other Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
|
|
$ |
42,404 |
|
|
$ |
90,034 |
|
|
$ |
71,047 |
|
|
$ |
59,532 |
|
|
$ |
40,972 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working
Capital
|
|
|
174,126 |
|
|
|
178,560 |
|
|
|
138,547 |
|
|
|
131,084 |
|
|
|
129,866
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Assets
|
|
|
425,137 |
|
|
|
446,052 |
|
|
|
333,045 |
|
|
|
240,910 |
|
|
|
230,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-Term
Bank Debt
|
|
|
13,981 |
|
|
|
7,217 |
|
|
|
6,033 |
|
|
|
989 |
|
|
|
748 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-Term
Debt (including current portion)
|
|
|
41,043 |
|
|
|
59,733 |
|
|
|
10,769 |
|
|
|
13,212 |
|
|
|
19,617 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders’
Equity
|
|
|
204,201 |
|
|
|
192,660 |
|
|
|
155,272 |
|
|
|
127,727 |
|
|
|
126,509 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends
per Share
|
|
$ |
0.133 |
|
|
$ |
0.133 |
|
|
$ |
0.107 |
|
|
$ |
0.107 |
|
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
Item
7. Management's Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition
And
Results Of Operation
Overview
We
operate in the fragrance business, and manufacture, market and distribute a wide
array of fragrances and fragrance related products. We manage our business in
two segments, European based operations and United States based operations. Our
prestige fragrance products are produced and marketed by our European operations
through our 75% owned subsidiary in Paris, Inter Parfums, S.A., which is also a
publicly traded company as 25% of Inter Parfums, S.A. shares trade on the
Euronext. Prestige cosmetics and prestige skin care products represent less than
3% of consolidated net sales.
We
produce and distribute our prestige products primarily under license agreements
with brand owners and prestige product sales represented approximately 87% of
net sales in 2008. We have built a portfolio of brands, which include
Burberry, Lanvin, Van Cleef & Arpels, Paul Smith, S.T. Dupont, Christian
Lacroix, Quiksilver/Roxy and Nickel whose products are distributed in over 120
countries around the world. Burberry is our most significant license, as sales
of Burberry products represented 56%, 54% and 57% of net sales for the years
ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In addition, sales of
our Lanvin brand products represented 13%, 12% and 13% of net sales for the
years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Our
specialty retail and mass-market fragrance and fragrance related products are
marketed through our United States operations and represented 13% of sales in
2008. These products are sold under trademarks owned by us or pursuant to
license or other agreements with the owners of the Gap, Banana Republic, New York &
Company, Brooks Brothers, bebe and Jordache
trademarks.
Historically,
seasonality has not been a major factor for our company. However, with the
commencement of operations in 2007 of our four majority-owned European
distribution subsidiaries and our growing specialty retail product lines, sales
are more concentrated in the second half of the year.
We grow
our business in two distinct ways. First, we grow by adding new brands to our
portfolio, either through new licenses or out-right acquisitions of brands.
Second, we grow through the introduction of new products and supporting new and
established products through advertising, merchandising and sampling as well as
phasing out existing products that no longer meet the needs of our
consumers. The economics of developing, producing, launching and supporting
products influence our sales and operating performance each year. Our
introduction of new products may have some cannibalizing effect on sales of
existing products, which we take into account in our business
planning.
Our
business is not capital intensive, and it is important to note that we do not
own manufacturing facilities. We act as a general contractor and source our
needed components from our suppliers. These components are received at one of
our distribution centers and then, based upon production needs, the components
are sent to one of several third party fillers which manufacture the finished
good for us and ship it back to our distribution center.
As with
any business, many aspects of our operations are subject to influences outside
our control. These factors include the effect of the current financial
crisis and therefore the potential for further deterioration in consumer
spending and consumer debt levels, as well as the continued availability of
favorable credit sources and capital market conditions in general. The recent
economic challenges and uncertainties in a number of countries where we do
business, including the United States, has begun to impact on our
business. This financial crisis is global in scale and has negatively
affected consumer demand, which is having an adverse impact on our distributors
and our retail customers. These events have led distributors and retailers to
carry less inventory than usual and have resulted in changes in their ordering
patterns for the products that we sell. Although the impact of this
financial crisis did not have a material impact in 2008, its effect in 2009 is
expected to be challenging for us.
We are
reviewing our plans and taking actions to mitigate the impact of these
conditions. Advertising and promotional budgets are being adjusted to align
our spending with anticipated sales. In addition, we are implementing cost
saving initiatives to right size our staff and maintain long-term profitable
growth. As part of our strategy, we plan to continue to make investments
behind fast-growing markets and channels to grow market share. While our
business strategies are designed to strengthen our company over the long-term,
we believe the uncertainty about future market conditions, consumer spending
patterns and the financial strength of some of our customers, combined with the
fact that distributors and retailers are carrying less inventory, will
negatively affect our net sales and operating results.
In
addition to the ongoing global financial crisis, our reported net sales have
been negatively impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates caused by
the dramatic strengthening of the U.S. dollar during the fourth quarter of
2008. If the current exchange rates persist or the U.S. dollar continues to
strengthen, there will be a continuing adverse impact on our net sales in 2009.
However, earnings are less affected by a strengthening dollar because over 30
percent of net sales of our European operations are denominated in U.S dollars,
while all costs of our European operations are incurred in euro. Our company
addresses certain financial exposures through a controlled program of risk
management that includes the use of derivative financial instruments. We
primarily enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to reduce the
effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates. As a result of the
dramatic strengthening of the U.S. dollar during the fourth quarter of 2008, we
entered into $90 million of foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge
approximately 80% of our 2009 sales expected to be invoiced in U.S.
dollars.
Recent
Important Events
bebe
Stores, Inc.
In July
2008, we entered into an exclusive six year worldwide agreement with bebe
Stores, Inc. under which we will design, manufacture and supply fragrance, bath
and body products and color cosmetics for company-owned bebe stores in the
United States and Canada as well as select specialty and department stores
worldwide.
Gap
and Banana Republic International
In April
2008, we expanded our current relationship with Gap Inc. with the signing of a
licensing agreement for international distribution of personal care products
through Gap and Banana Republic stores as well as select specialty and
department stores outside the United States, including duty-free and other
travel related retailers. The agreement is effective through December 31,
2011.
Brooks
Brothers
In November 2007, we entered into
exclusive agreements with Retail Brand Alliance, Inc., d/b/a/ Brooks Brothers
(“Brooks Brothers”) under which we design, manufacture and supply personal care
products for men and women sold at Brooks Brothers locations in the United
States as well as a licensing agreement covering Brooks Brothers stores and
specialty retail and department stores outside the United States, including duty
free and other travel-related retailers.
Lanvin
In July 2007, we acquired the worldwide
rights to the Lanvin brand names and international trademarks listed in Class 3
from Jeanne Lanvin, S.A. (“Lanvin”). Among other items, Class 3 of
the international classification of trademarks goods and services include:
soaps, perfumery, essential oils, cosmetics and hair lotions. We paid €22
million (approximately $29.7 million) in cash for the brand names and trademarks
and simultaneously terminated our existing license agreement. In addition,
Lanvin has the right to repurchase the brand names and trademarks in 2025 for
the greater of €70 million or one times the average of the annual sales for the
years ending December 31, 2023 and 2024.
Prior to this acquisition, the amount
paid to secure the license agreement with Lanvin was being amortized over the
life of the license agreement. At June 30, 2007, that intangible asset, net of
accumulated amortization aggregated €13.2 million. The €22 million paid in July
2007 for the brand names and trademarks together with the carrying value related
to the license agreement represents the total cost of acquiring the brand names
and trademarks.
New York & Company
In April 2007, we entered into an
exclusive agreement with New York & Company, Inc. under which we design and
manufacture personal care products sold at the New York & Company retail
locations and on their website. We are responsible for product development,
formula creation, packaging and manufacturing while New York & Company is
responsible for marketing and selling in its stores.
Van Cleef & Arpels
In
September 2006, we entered into an exclusive, worldwide license agreement with
Van Cleef & Arpels Logistics SA, for the creation, development and
distribution of fragrance and related bath and body products under the Van Cleef
& Arpels brand and related trademarks. The agreement runs through
December 31, 2018. As an inducement to enter into this license agreement we
paid, in January 2007, €18 million (approximately $23.4 million) to
Van Cleef & Arpels Logistics S.A., and we agreed to purchase existing
inventory held by YSL Beauté, the former licensee. The license agreement became
effective on January 1, 2007.
Quiksilver
In March
2006, we entered into an exclusive worldwide license agreement with Quiksilver,
Inc. for the creation, development and distribution of fragrance, suncare,
skincare and related products under the Roxy and Quiksilver brands. The
agreement runs through 2017.
Discussion
of Critical Accounting Policies
We make
estimates and assumptions in the preparation of our financial statements in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates under
different assumptions and conditions. We believe the following discussion
addresses our most critical accounting policies, which are those that are most
important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations.
These accounting policies generally require our management’s most difficult and
subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the
effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
The
judgments used by management in applying critical accounting policies could
be affected by a further and prolonged general deterioration in the economic
environment, which could negatively influence future financial results and
availability of continued financing. Specifically, subsequent evaluations of our
accounts receivables, inventories, and deferred tax assets in light of the
factors then prevailing, could result in significant changes in our allowance
and reserve accounts in future periods which in turn could generate significant
additional charges. Similarly, the valuation of certain intangible assets could
be negatively impacted by prolonged and severely depressed market conditions
thus leading to the recognition of impairment losses. The following is a brief
discussion of the more critical accounting policies that we employ.
Revenue
Recognition
We sell
our products to department stores, perfumeries, specialty retailers, mass-market
retailers, supermarkets and domestic and international wholesalers and
distributors. Sales of such products by our domestic subsidiaries are
denominated in U.S. dollars and sales of such products by our foreign
subsidiaries are primarily denominated in either Euros or U.S. dollars. Accounts
receivable reflect the granting of credit to these customers. We generally grant
credit based upon our analysis of the customer’s financial position as well as
previously established buying patterns. We recognize revenues when merchandise
is shipped and the risk of loss passes to the customer. Net sales are comprised
of gross revenues less returns, trade discounts and allowances.
Sales
Returns
Generally,
we do not permit customers to return their unsold products. However, on a
case-by-case basis we occasionally allow customer returns. We regularly review
and revise, as deemed necessary, our estimate of reserves for future sales
returns based primarily upon historic trends and relevant current data. We
record estimated reserves for sales returns as a reduction of sales, cost of
sales and accounts receivable. Returned products are recorded as inventories and
are valued based upon estimated realizable value. The physical condition and
marketability of returned products are the major factors we consider in
estimating realizable value. Actual returns, as well as estimated realizable
values of returned products, may differ significantly, either favorably or
unfavorably, from our estimates, if factors such as economic conditions,
inventory levels or competitive conditions differ from our
expectations.
Promotional
Allowances
We have
various performance-based arrangements with certain retailers. These
arrangements primarily allow customers to take deductions against amounts owed
to us for product purchases. The costs that our company incurs for performance
based arrangements, shelf replacement costs and slotting fees are netted against
revenues on our company’s consolidated statement of income. Estimated accruals
for promotions and advertising programs are recorded in the period in which the
related revenue is recognized. We review and revise the estimated accruals for
the projected costs for these promotions. Actual costs incurred may differ
significantly, either favorably or unfavorably, from estimates if factors such
as the level and success of the retailers’ programs or other conditions differ
from our expectations.
Inventories
Inventories
are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is principally determined
by the first-in, first-out method. We record adjustments to the cost of
inventories based upon our sales forecast and the physical condition of the
inventories. These adjustments are estimates, which could vary significantly,
either favorably or unfavorably, from actual requirements if future economic
conditions or competitive conditions differ from our expectations.
Equipment
and Other Long-Lived Assets
Equipment,
which includes tools and molds, is recorded at cost and is depreciated on a
straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of such assets. Changes in
circumstances such as technological advances, changes to our business model or
changes in our capital spending strategy can result in the actual useful lives
differing from our estimates. In those cases where we determine that the useful
life of equipment should be shortened, we would depreciate the net book value in
excess of the salvage value, over its revised remaining useful life, thereby
increasing depreciation expense. Factors such as changes in the planned use of
equipment, or market acceptance of products, could result in shortened useful
lives.
Long-lived
assets, including trademarks, licenses, goodwill and other rights, are reviewed
for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the
carrying amount of any such asset may not be recoverable. For intangible assets
with finite lives, if the sum of the undiscounted cash flows (excluding
interest) is less than the carrying value, then we recognize an impairment loss,
measured as the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the
asset. The estimate of undiscounted cash flows is based upon, among other
things, certain assumptions about expected future operating performance. Our
estimates of undiscounted cash flows may differ from actual cash flows due to,
among other things, economic conditions, changes to our business model or
changes in consumer acceptance of our products. In those cases where we
determine that the useful life of long-lived assets should be shortened, we
would depreciate the net book value in excess of the salvage value (after
testing for impairment as described above), over the revised remaining useful
life of such asset thereby increasing amortization expense.
Derivatives
We
account for derivative financial instruments in accordance with SFAS
No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as
amended, which establish accounting and reporting standards for derivative
instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other
contracts, and for hedging activities. This statement also requires the
recognition of all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the
balance sheet and that they be measured at fair value.
We
currently use derivative financial instruments to hedge certain anticipated
transactions and interest rates, as well as receivables denominated in foreign
currencies. We do not utilize derivatives for trading or speculative
purposes. Hedge effectiveness is documented, assessed and monitored by
employees who are qualified to make such assessments and monitor the
instruments. Variables that are external to us such as social, political
and economic risks may have an impact on our hedging program and the results
thereof.
Income
Taxes
Deferred
income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by
applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to the
difference between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of
existing assets and liabilities. Tax benefits recognized are reduced by a
valuation allowance where it is more likely than not that the benefits may not
be realized.
Results
of Operations
Net
Sales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in
millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
European
based product sales
|
|
$ |
386.4 |
|
|
|
17 |
% |
|
$ |
330.8 |
|
|
|
22 |
% |
|
$ |
270.1 |
|
United
States based product sales
|
|
|
59.7 |
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
58.8 |
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
51.0 |
|
Total
net sales
|
|
$ |
446.1 |
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
$ |
389.6 |
|
|
|
21 |
% |
|
$ |
321.1 |
|
Net sales
for the year ended December 31, 2008 increased 15% to $446.1 million. For the
year ended December 31, 2007, net sales were up 21%. At comparable foreign
currency exchange rates, net sales rose 12% and 15% for 2008 and 2007,
respectively. The weakness of the US dollar relative to the euro gave rise to
the difference between constant dollar and reported net sales in 2008 and
2007.
European
based prestige product sales, which were up 22% in 2007, grew an additional 17%
in 2008. Burberry fragrances continued to drive sales growth with an increase of
18% (14% in local currency) aggregating $248 million for the year ended December
31, 2008, respectively, as compared to $210 million for the corresponding period
of the prior year. In 2008, the increase in Burberry fragrance sales was the
result of the successful launch of Burberry The Beat. With no major
Burberry launches in 2007 other than seasonal additions, Burberry fragrance also
performed well and sales reached $210 million, up 10% in local
currency.
Two
additional major product launches, Van Cleef & Arpels Feerie and Jeanne Lanvin, contributed to
top line growth in 2008. We began operations pursuant to our exclusive,
worldwide license with Van Cleef & Arpels in January 2007. Sales of products
under the Van Cleef & Arpels brand aggregated $30.9 million in 2008 as
compared to $16.3 million in 2007. With respect to Lanvin, after significant
growth in 2006 and no major new product launches in 2007, sales of Lanvin
fragrances reached $46 million in 2007. In 2008, aided by the launch of the new
Jeanne Lanvin
fragrance, Lanvin fragrance sales increased 25% to $57 million, as compared to
2007.
With no new product launches in 2008,
Paul Smith fragrance sales were disappointing, registering a decline of 20% as
compared to 2007. Paul Smith is a regional brand with a high concentration of
sales in Western Europe, especially the United Kingdom. We believe that the
difficult economic situation in that region, combined with no new product
launches, contributed to the sales decline. In 2007, Paul Smith fragrance sales
were basically unchanged from 2006 levels.
Despite
the challenging economic environment, European based prestige product sales,
which increased slightly in North America, showed strong growth in Eastern
Europe (up 28%), Middle East (up 30%), South America (up 23%) and Asia (up 11%)
in local currency for the year ended December 31, 2008, as compared to the prior
year.
We are
preparing for a very active 2009 new product launch schedule for European-based
operations which began in January with the global rollout of the men’s version
of Burberry The Beat.
We also have a new Paul Smith fragrance for men, and a Lanvin L’Homme Sport line, with
tennis star, Rafael Nadel as its spokesperson. The Quiksilver signature
fragrance for men is also in our rollout schedule, as is a limited edition,
high-end women’s fragrance for the Van Cleef & Arpels brand.
With
respect to our United States specialty retail and mass market products, net
sales were up an additional 1% in 2008 after rising 15% in 2007 and 49% in 2006.
After launching products for Banana Republic’s North American stores in 2006, in
May 2007, over 150 Gap Body stores in the United States and Canada unveiled more
than 70 new bath and body products we created for them. The bath and body line
was followed in August 2007 by new Gap eau de toilette products and men’s
fragrance and grooming products. All product lines were rolled out to
approximately 200 Gap stores in August 2007 and approximately 300 additional Gap
stores in October 2007.
In
addition to continuing to sell in 2008 products initially rolled out in 2007,
United States based product sales in 2008 also reflects international
distribution of Gap and Banana Republic products. In 2008, we expanded our
relationship with Gap Inc. with the signing of a licensing agreement for
international distribution of personal care products through Gap and Banana
Republic stores as well as select specialty and department stores outside the
United States, including duty-free and other travel related retailers. The
agreement is effective through December 31, 2011.
Through
the first nine months of 2008 United States specialty retail and mass-market
product net sales were up 18%, as compared to the corresponding period in 2007,
as a steady domestic business combined with a new and vibrant international
business to drive increased sales. However, for the three months ended December
31, 2008 United States specialty retail and mass-market product net sales
declined 24%, as compared to the corresponding period of the prior year. The
2007 fourth quarter launch of a complete line of bath and beauty products to
over 500 New York & Company stores generated pipeline sales of approximately
$3.7 million creating a very difficult comparison for the fourth quarter of
2008. In addition, a portion of sales by our United States operations are direct
to retailer and it was our level of sales to these customers where we first saw
the effect of the global financial crisis as discussed above. The recent
economic challenges and uncertainties in the United States, has begun to impact
our business. This financial crisis has negatively affected consumer
demand, which is having an adverse impact on our retail customers. These events
have led retailers to carry less inventory than usual and has resulted in
changes in their ordering patterns for the products that we
sell.
In the
spring of 2009, Close, a new Gap fragrance will be launched at approximately 550
Gap stores and roughly 175 Gap Body stores nationwide, followed by international
distribution expected to reach 5,000 doors in the second half of 2009. In August
2009, new fragrances for men and women will be launched at Banana Republic
stores in North America with international distribution following shortly
thereafter.
New
product introductions are also in the works for our other specialty retail
partners. In November 2008, we shipped the Brooks Brothers New York collection for men
and women to Brooks Brothers U.S. stores and international distribution is
scheduled for 2009. In addition, a new fragrance introduction for the spring of
2009, called Black
Fleece is in the works, In July 2008, we entered into an exclusive six
year worldwide agreement with bebe Stores, Inc. under which we will design,
manufacture and supply fragrance, bath and body products and color cosmetics for
company-owned bebe stores in the United States and Canada as well as select
specialty and department stores worldwide. Our signature bebe fragrance will be
unveiled at bebe stores in the U.S. in August followed by worldwide distribution
in the third quarter of 2009. While we have discontinued the bath and body
program for New York & Company stores, we plan to introduce a new fragrance
for New York & Company in the second half of 2009.
Sales of
mass market fragrance products have been in a decline for several years. We have
no plans to discontinue sales to this market which aggregated approximately $21
million and $24 million in 2008 and 2007, respectively, and contributes
significantly to our United States based operations. We have and will however,
continue to consolidate our product offerings.
In
addition, we are actively pursuing other new business opportunities. However, we
cannot assure you that any new licenses, acquisitions or specialty retail
agreements will be consummated.
Gross
Profit Margins
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in
millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
sales
|
|
$ |
446.1 |
|
|
$ |
389.6 |
|
|
$ |
321.1 |
|
Cost
of
sales
|
|
|
191.9 |
|
|
|
160.2 |
|
|
|
143.9 |
|
Gross
margin
|
|
$ |
254.2 |
|
|
$ |
229.4 |
|
|
$ |
177.2 |
|
Gross
margin as a percent of net sales
|
|
|
57 |
% |
|
|
59 |
% |
|
|
55 |
% |
Gross
profit margins were 57% in 2008, 59% in 2007 and 55% in 2006. The decline is
primarily the effect the decline of the US dollar against the euro has on our
European based product sales to United States customers. Sales to these
customers are denominated in dollars while our costs are incurred in
euro.
Although
gross margins from individual product families have remained relatively
consistent, sales of products from our European based prestige fragrances have
always generated significantly higher gross profit margins than sales of our
United States based specialty retail and mass market products. Fluctuations in
sales product mix between our European operations and our United States
operations had a small mitigating effect on the 2008 decline in gross margin.
Sales from United States operations grew 1% while sales from European operations
grew 17% in 2008, as compared to 2007.
For
2007, approximately 75% of the gross profit margin as a percentage of sales
increase, as compared to 2006, is the result of the commencement of operations
of our newly established majority-owned European distribution subsidiaries. The
balance of the increase is a result of product sales mix within our United
States based operations, as specialty retail product sales generate a higher
gross margin than mass market product sales.
Generally,
we do not bill customers for shipping and handling costs and such costs, which
aggregated $6.2 million in both 2008 and 2007 and $5.5 million in 2006 are
included in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated
statements of income. As such, our company’s gross profit may not be comparable
to other companies which may include these expenses as a component of cost of
goods sold.
Selling,
General & Administrative Expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in
millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling,
general & administrative
|
|
$ |
202.3 |
|
|
$ |
181.2 |
|
|
$ |
141.1 |
|
Selling,
general & administrative as a percent of net sales
|
|
|
45 |
% |
|
|
47 |
% |
|
|
44 |
% |
Selling,
general and administrative expense increased 12% for the year ended
December 31, 2008, as compared to 2007 and 28% for the year ended December
31, 2007, as compared to 2006. As a percentage of sales selling, general and
administrative expense was 45%, 47% and 44% for the years ended December 31,
2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Two major
components of selling, general and administrative expense are promotion and
advertising expenditures and royalty expense. Promotion and advertising
aggregated $65.8 million, $58.5 million and $46.5 million for the years ended
December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Royalty expense aggregated $37.3
million, $35.6 million and $31.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2008,
2007 and 2006, respectively.
Selling,
general and administrative expenses for 2008 and 2007 also includes
approximately $13 million and $12 million, respectively, in servicing fees
related to the operations of our majority-owned European distribution
subsidiaries which commenced operations in 2007.
We review
goodwill and trademarks with indefinite lives for impairment at least annually,
and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
amount may not be recoverable. The goodwill relates to our Nickel skin care
business which is primarily a component of our European based operations. In
performing our annual review of the recoverability of the carrying amount of
goodwill, we determined that Nickel product sales, although up slightly in 2008
as compared to 2007, continue to be lower than we originally anticipated.
Therefore, the carrying amount of the goodwill exceeded fair value determined by
comparison to prices of comparable businesses resulting in impairment losses of
$0.9 million in both 2008 and 2007.
Income
from operations increased 8% to $51.0 million in 2008, as compared to $47.3
million in 2007. In 2007, income from operations increased 31% to $47.3 million,
as compared to $36.1 million in 2006. Operating margins aggregated 11.4%, 12.1%
and 11.3% for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively.
Interest
expense aggregated $4.9 million, $3.7 million and $1.8 million for the years
ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We use the credit lines
available to us, as needed, to finance our working capital needs as well as our
financing needs for acquisitions. We entered into an €18 million and a €22
million long-term credit facility in January and September 2007, respectively,
to finance payments required for the Van Cleef & Arpels license agreement
and the acquisition of the Lanvin trademarks. In connection with certain debt
facilities, we entered into swap transactions. These derivative instruments are
recorded at fair value and changes in fair value are reflected in the
consolidated statements of income. As a result of the steep decline in interest
rates during the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded a charge to interest
expense of $0.8 million relating to the change in the fair value of interest
rate swaps.
Foreign
currency gains or (losses) aggregated ($1.4) million, ($0.2) million and $0.2
million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We
enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to manage exposure
related to certain foreign currency commitments. As a result of the dramatic
strengthening of the U.S. dollar during our fourth quarter ended December 31,
2008, we entered into $90 million of foreign currency forward exchange contracts
to hedge approximately 80% of our 2009 sales expected to be invoiced in U.S.
dollars. Hedge effectiveness excludes the portion of the fair value of the
foreign currency forward exchange contract attributable to the change in
spot-forward difference which is reported in current period earnings. As of
December 31, 2008, the Company recorded a charge of $0.8 million relating to the
change in spot-forward difference.
Our
effective income tax rate was 35.1%, 35.5% and 35.6% for the years ended
December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our effective tax rates differ
from statutory rates due to the effect of state and local taxes and tax rates in
foreign jurisdictions which are slightly higher than those in the United States.
In 2008, 2007 and 2006, valuation allowances of $0.8 million, $0.2 million and
$0.8 million have been provided against certain foreign net operating loss
carryforwards, as future profitable operations from certain foreign subsidiaries
might not be sufficient to realize the full amount of net operating loss
carryforwards recognized. In 2008, one of those foreign subsidiaries, Nickel
S.A. was merged into Inter Parfums, S.A. As a result of the merger we recognized
the utilization of certain foreign operating loss carryforwards for which
valuation allowances had previously been recorded. As a result, the 2008 tax
provision has been reduced by a benefit of approximately $0.7
million.
We did
not experience any significant
changes in tax rates, and none were expected in jurisdictions where we
operate.
Net
Income and Earnings per Share
|
|
Years ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
(In thousands except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$ |
23,765 |
|
|
$ |
23,817 |
|
|
$ |
17,742 |
|
Net
income per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
0.78 |
|
|
$ |
0.78 |
|
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
0.77 |
|
|
$ |
0.76 |
|
|
$ |
0.58 |
|
Weighted
average number of shares outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
30,621 |
|
|
|
30,666 |
|
|
|
30,486 |
|
Diluted
|
|
|
30,778 |
|
|
|
31,004 |
|
|
|
30,853 |
|
Net
income was unchanged and aggregated $23.8 million in both 2008 and 2007. In 2007
net income increased 16% to $23.8 million, as compared to $17.7 million in 2006.
Net margins aggregated 5.4%, 6.1% and 5.5% for the years ended December 31,
2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Diluted
earnings per share aggregated $0.77, $0.76 and $0.58 in 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. Weighted average shares outstanding aggregated 30.6 million, 30.7
million and 30.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. On a diluted basis, average shares outstanding were 30.8 million,
31.0 million and 30.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and
2006, respectively.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Our
financial position remains strong. At December 31, 2008, working capital
aggregated $174 million and we had a working capital ratio of 2.3 to 1. Cash and
cash equivalents aggregated $42 million.
Our
short-term financing requirements are expected to be met by available cash on
hand at December 31, 2008, cash generated by operations and short-term credit
lines provided by domestic and foreign banks. The principal credit facilities
for 2009 consist of a $15.0 million unsecured revolving line of credit provided
by a domestic commercial bank and approximately $45.0 million in credit lines
provided by a consortium of international financial institutions. As of December
31, 2008, short-term borrowings aggregated $14.0 million.
In 2007,
we financed the acquisition of the worldwide rights to the Lanvin brand names
and international trademarks and the license for the Van Cleef & Arpels
brand and related trademarks by entering into five-year credit agreements. The
long-term credit facilities provides for principal and interest to be repaid in
20 quarterly installments. As of December 31, 2008, total long-term debt
including current maturities aggregated $41.0 million.
In
December 2007, we acquired an additional 1.2% interest in IPSA, our majority
owned French subsidiary, from its minority shareholders for approximately $6.3
million in cash. An additional 3.6% interest was acquired in 2008 for
approximately $18.5 million in cash. The acquisition was accounted for under the
purchase method and brings our ownership interest in Inter Parfums, S.A. to
approximately 75%.
Cash
provided by (used-in) operating activities aggregated ($6.4) million, $38.5
million and $13.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. Inventories increased 22% and accounts receivables increased 7% in
2008 as compared to 2007, while sales for the same period increased 15%.
Inventories are built to support projected sales including new product launches.
The significant decline in accounts payable and accrued expenses reflects a
portion of the 2007 inventory buildup which was paid for in 2008.
The 2007
significant inventory build up was required to support the debut of the newest
Burberry fragrance family, Burberry Beat, which we began
shipping to customers in the first quarter of 2008. The effect on cash flow from
operations in 2007 was minimal as this increase was offset by an increase in
accounts payable and accrued expenses. Overall, changes in working capital items
had a minimal effect on 2007 cash flow from operations. Net income as adjusted
for non cash items, including depreciation and amortization and minority
interest in net income of consolidated subsidiary, resulted in substantial
positive operating cash flow for the year.
In
addition to the acquisition of minority interests mentioned above, cash flows
used in investing activities in 2008 also reflects payments of approximately
$3.8 million for capital items. Our business is not capital intensive as we do
not own any manufacturing facilities. We typically spend between $2.0 and $3.0
million per year on tools and molds, depending on our new product development
calendar. The balance of capital expenditures is for office fixtures, computer
equipment and industrial equipment needed at our distribution
centers. Capital expenditures in 2009 are expected to be in the range
of $3.0 million to $4.0 million, considering our 2009 launch
schedule.
Cash
flows used in investing activities in 2007 reflects $58.7 million in payments
required in connection with our acquisition of the Van Cleef & Arpels
license agreement, the Lanvin trademarks and other intangible assets. The
proceeds from long-term debt facilities entered into in connection with these
acquisitions are reflected in financing activities. In 2007 we also received net
proceeds of approximately $13 million from the sale of short-term investments
which was used to finance our working capital needs and approximately $2.4
million was spent for capital items.
In
February 2008, the board of directors of the Company authorized a stock
repurchase program whereby the Company is authorized to repurchase a maximum of
500,000 shares of its common stock in the open market. In February 2008, 194,286
shares of the Company’s common stock were repurchased at an average price of
$11.30 per common share. In June 2008, the board of directors authorized a reset
of the stock repurchase program whereby the Company was authorized to repurchase
a maximum of 500,000 shares of its common stock in the open market. In December
468,137 shares of the Company’s common stock was repurchased at an average price
of $5.92 per common share and the board of directors authorized an additional 1
million to be potentially purchased pursuant to the stock repurchase program.
Under the current program, as of December 31, 2008 the Company is
authorized to repurchase up to 1,031,863 additional shares of the Company’s
common stock.
In
December 2008, our board of directors authorized a continuation of our cash
dividend of $0.133 per share, aggregating approximately $4.0 million per annum,
payable $.033 per share on a quarterly basis. Our next cash dividend of $.033
per share is to be paid on April 15, 2009 to shareholders of record on March 31,
2009. Dividends paid, including dividends paid once per year to minority
stockholders of Inter Parfums, S.A., aggregated $5.8 million, $5.5 million and
$4.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The cash dividends paid in 2008 represented a small part of our cash position
and the dividends for 2009 are not expected to have any significant impact on
our financial position.
We
believe that funds generated from operations, supplemented by our present cash
position and available credit facilities, will provide us with sufficient
resources to meet all present and reasonably foreseeable future operating
needs.
Inflation
rates in the U.S. and foreign countries in which we operate did not have a
significant impact on operating results for the year ended December 31,
2008.
Contractual
Obligations
The following table sets for a schedule
of our contractual obligations over the periods indicated in the table, as well
as our total contractual obligations ($ in thousands).
Contractual Obligations
|
|
Payments due by period
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Less than
1 year
|
|
|
Years
2-3
|
|
|
Years
4-5
|
|
|
More than
5 years
|
|
Long-Term
Debt
|
|
$ |
41,000 |
|
|
$ |
13,400 |
|
|
$ |
23,000 |
|
|
$ |
4,600 |
|
|
|
|
Capital
Lease Obligations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Leases
|
|
$ |
27,100 |
|
|
$ |
7,100 |
|
|
$ |
13,000 |
|
|
$ |
4,300 |
|
|
$ |
2,700 |
|
Purchase
obligations(1)
|
|
$ |
1,306,500 |
|
|
$ |
137,700 |
|
|
$ |
293,400 |
|
|
$ |
313,900 |
|
|
$ |
561,500 |
|
Other
Long-Term Liabilities Reflected on the Registrant's Balance Sheet under
GAAP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
1,374,600 |
|
|
$ |
158,200 |
|
|
$ |
329,400 |
|
|
$ |
322,800 |
|
|
$ |
564,200 |
|
(1)
|
Consists of purchase commitments
for advertising and promotional items, minimum royalty guarantees,
including fixed or minimum obligations, and estimates of such obligations
subject to variable price provisions. Future advertising commitments were
estimated based on planned future sales for the license terms that were in
effect at December 31, 2008, without consideration for potential renewal
periods and do not reflect the fact that our distributors share our
advertising
obligations.
|
Item
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
General
We
address certain financial exposures through a controlled program of risk
management that primarily consists of the use of derivative financial
instruments. We primarily enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts
in order to reduce the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates.
We do not engage in the trading of foreign currency forward exchange contracts
or interest rate swaps.
Foreign
Exchange Risk Management
We
periodically enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge
exposure related to receivables denominated in a foreign currency and to manage
risks related to future sales expected to be denominated in a foreign currency.
We enter into these exchange contracts for periods consistent with our
identified exposures. The purpose of the hedging activities is to minimize the
effect of foreign exchange rate movements on the receivables and cash flows of
Inter Parfums, S.A., our French subsidiary, whose functional currency is the
Euro. All foreign currency contracts are denominated in currencies of major industrial countries and are with large financial institutions,
which are rated as strong investment grade.
All
derivative instruments are required to be reflected as either assets or
liabilities in the balance sheet measured at fair value. Generally, increases or
decreases in fair value of derivative instruments will be recognized as gains or
losses in earnings in the period of change. If the derivative is designated and
qualifies as a cash flow hedge, then the changes in fair value of the derivative
instrument will be recorded in other comprehensive income.
Before
entering into a derivative transaction for hedging purposes, we determine that
the change in the value of the derivative will effectively offset the change in
the fair value of the hedged item from a movement in foreign currency rates.
Then, we measure the effectiveness of each hedge throughout the hedged
period. Any hedge ineffectiveness is recognized in the income
statement.
As a
result of the dramatic strengthening of the U.S. dollar during our fourth
quarter ended December 31, 2008, we entered into $90 million of foreign currency
forward exchange contracts to hedge approximately 80% of our 2009 sales expected
to be invoiced in U.S. dollars. Hedge effectiveness excludes the portion of the
fair value of the foreign currency forward exchange contract attributable to the
change in spot-forward difference which is reported in current period earnings.
As of December 31, 2008, the Company recorded a charge of $0.8 million relating
to the change in spot-forward difference. At December 31, 2008, we had
foreign currency contracts in the form of forward exchange contracts in the
amount of approximately U.S. $128 million, GB pounds 3.7 million, and
Japanese yen 95.8 million which have varying maturities of less than a year
except for U.S. $21 million which have maturities of 13 to 16 months. We believe
that our risk of loss as the result of nonperformance by any of such financial
institutions is remote.
Interest
Rate Risk Management
We
mitigate interest rate risk by continually monitoring interest rates, and then
determining whether fixed interest rates should be swapped for floating rate
debt, or if floating rate debt should be swapped for fixed rate debt. We have
entered into two (2) interest rate swaps to reduce exposure to rising variable
interest rates. The first swap, entered into in 2004, effectively exchanged the
variable interest rate of 0.6% above the three month EURIBOR to a variable rate
based on the 12 month EURIBOR rate with a floor of 3.25% and a ceiling of 3.85%.
The remaining balance owed pursuant to this facility is €4.8 million. The second
swap entered into in September 2007 on €22 million of debt, effectively
exchanged the variable interest rate of 0.6% above the three month EURIBOR to a
fixed rate of 4.42%. These derivative instruments are recorded at fair value and
changes in fair value are reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements
of income.
Item
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The
required financial statements commence on page F-1.
Supplementary
Data
Quarterly
Data (Unaudited)
For
the Year Ended December 31, 2008
(In
Thousands Except Per Share Data)
|
|
1st Quarter
|
|
|
2nd Quarter
|
|
|
3rd Quarter
|
|
|
4th Quarter
|
|
|
Full Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Sales
|
|
$ |
123,163 |
|
|
$ |
99,078 |
|
|
$ |
123,531 |
|
|
$ |
100,352 |
|
|
$ |
446,124 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
Profit
|
|
|
74,088 |
|
|
|
55,974 |
|
|
|
67,325 |
|
|
|
56,822 |
|
|
|
254,209 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
|
8,708 |
|
|
|
3,772 |
|
|
|
6,188 |
|
|
|
5,097 |
|
|
|
23,765 |
|
Net
Income per Share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
.28 |
|
|
$ |
.12 |
|
|
$ |
.20 |
|
|
$ |
.17 |
|
|
$ |
.78 |
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
.28 |
|
|
$ |
.12 |
|
|
$ |
.20 |
|
|
$ |
.17 |
|
|
$ |
.77 |
|
Average
Common Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
30,722 |
|
|
|
30,627 |
|
|
|
30,632 |
|
|
|
30,504 |
|
|
|
30,621 |
|
Diluted
|
|
|
30,809 |
|
|
|
30,914 |
|
|
|
30,886 |
|
|
|
30,504 |
|
|
|
30,778 |
|
Quarterly
Data (Unaudited)
For
the Year Ended December 31, 2007
(In
Thousands Except Per Share Data)
|
|
1st Quarter
|
|
|
2nd Quarter
|
|
|
3rd Quarter
|
|
|
4th Quarter
|
|
|
Full Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Sales
|
|
$ |
85,120 |
|
|
$ |
82,764 |
|
|
$ |
102,320 |
|
|
$ |
119,356 |
|
|
$ |
389,560 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
Profit
|
|
|
51,933 |
|
|
|
48,149 |
|
|
|
60,066 |
|
|
|
69,275 |
|
|
|
229,423 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
|
5,793 |
|
|
|
3,749 |
|
|
|
5,660 |
|
|
|
8,615 |
|
|
|
23,817 |
|
Net
Income per Share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
.19 |
|
|
$ |
.12 |
|
|
$ |
.18 |
|
|
$ |
.28 |
|
|
$ |
.78 |
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
.19 |
|
|
$ |
.12 |
|
|
$ |
.18 |
|
|
$ |
.27 |
|
|
$ |
.76 |
|
Average
Common Shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
30,654 |
|
|
|
30,656 |
|
|
|
30,656 |
|
|
|
30,647 |
|
|
|
30,666 |
|
Diluted
|
|
|
30,930 |
|
|
|
31,087 |
|
|
|
31,018 |
|
|
|
30,932 |
|
|
|
31,004 |
|
Item
9. Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure
Not
applicable.
Item
9A. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have reviewed and evaluated the
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period
covered by this annual report on Form 10-K (the “Evaluation
Date”). Based on their review and evaluation, our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation
Date, our disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective to
ensure that material information relating to our Company and its consolidated
subsidiaries would be made known to them by others within those entities, so
that such material information is recorded, processed and reported in a timely
manner, particularly during the period in which this annual report on Form 10-K
was being prepared, and that no changes were required at this
time.
Management’s
Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The
management of Inter Parfums, Inc. is responsible for establishing and
maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the company.
With the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial
Officer, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our
internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and criteria
established in Internal
Control – Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, our
management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was
effective as of December 31, 2008.
Our
independent auditor, Mazars LLP, a registered public accounting firm, has issued
its report on its audit of our internal control over financial reporting. This
report appears below.
Report of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial
Reporting
Board of
Directors and Shareholders
Inter
Parfums, Inc.
We have
audited Inter Parfums, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control –
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO). Inter Parfums, Inc.’s management is
responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting,
and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal
Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our
audit.
We
conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included
obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting,
assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating
the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed
risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
A
company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal
control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1)
pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and
fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;
(2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of
the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not
prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation
of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may
become inadequate because of the changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our
opinion, Inter Parfums, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on
criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission
(COSO).
We have
also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Inter
Parfums, Inc. as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the related consolidated
statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income,
and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31,
2008 and our report dated March 11, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion
thereon.
Mazars
LLP
New York,
New York
March 11,
2009
Item
9A(T). Controls and Procedures.
Not
Applicable.
Item 9B. Other
Information.
None.
PART
III
Item
10. Directors and Executive Officers Of the Registrant
Executive
Officers and Directors
As of the
date of this report, our executive officers and directors were as
follows:
Name
|
|
Position
|
Jean
Madar
|
|
Chairman
of the Board, Chief Executive Officer of Inter Parfums, Inc.
and
Director
General of Inter Parfums, S.A.
|
Philippe
Benacin
|
|
Vice
Chairman of the Board, President of Inter Parfums, Inc. and
Chief
Executive Officer of Inter Parfums, S.A.
|
Russell
Greenberg
|
|
Director,
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
|
Philippe
Santi
|
|
Director,
Executive Vice President and Director General Delegué, Inter Parfums,
S.A.
|
Francois
Heilbronn
|
|
Director
|
Jean
Levy
|
|
Director
|
Robert
Bensoussan-Torres
|
|
Director
|
Serge
Rosinoer
|
|
Director
|
Patrick
Choël
|
|
Director
|
Hugues
de la Chevasnerie
|
|
Director
of Burberry Fragrances, Inter Parfums, S.A.
|
Frederic
Garcia-Pelayo
|
|
Director
of the Luxury and Fashion division of Inter Parfums,
S.A.
|
Axel
Marot
|
|
Director
of Production & Logistics, Inter Parfums, S.A.
|
Henry
B. (“Andy”) Clarke
|
|
President
of Specialty Retail Division, Inter Parfums USA,
LLC
|
Our directors will serve until the next
annual meeting of stockholders and thereafter until their successors shall have
been elected and qualified. Messrs. Jean Madar and Philippe Benacin have a
verbal agreement or understanding to vote their shares in a like manner. As
Messrs. Madar and Benacin beneficially own more than 50% of the outstanding
shares of the Inter Parfums’ common stock, Inter Parfums is considered a
“controlled company” under the applicable rules of The Nasdaq Stock
Market.
With the
exception of Mr. Benacin, the officers are elected annually by the
directors and serve at the discretion of the board of
directors. There are no family relationships between executive
officers or directors of our Company.
Board
of Directors
Our board
of directors has the responsibility for establishing broad corporate policies
and for the overall performance of our Company. Although certain directors are
not involved in day-to-day operating details, members of the board of directors
are kept informed of our business by various reports and documents made
available to them. Our board of directors held 19 meetings (or executed consents
in lieu thereof), including meetings of committees of the full board of
directors during 2008, and all of the directors attended at least 75% of the
meetings (or executed consents in lieu thereof) of the full board of directors
and committees of which they were a member.
During
2008 our board of directors initially consisted of eleven (11) directors. During
October 2008 Mr. Jean Cailliau stepped down from our board for personal reasons,
and during January 2009 Mr. Joseph A. Caccamo stepped down from our board for
personal reasons. Neither director had any disputes or disagreements with our
company. Our board of directors presently consists of nine (9) directors, with a
majority of independent directors.
We have
adopted a Code of Business Conduct, and we agree to provide to any person
without charge, upon request, a copy of our Code of Business Conduct. Any person
who requests a copy of our Code of Business Conduct should provide their name
and address in writing to: Inter Parfums, Inc., 551 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY
10176, Att.: Shareholder Relations. In addition, our Code of Conduct is also
maintained on our website, at www.interparfumsinc.com.
During
2008 our board of directors had the following standing committees:
|
·
|
Audit
Committee – The Audit Committee has the sole authority and is directly
responsible for, the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work
of the independent accountants employed by our company which prepare or
issue an audit report for our company. During 2008, the Audit Committee
consisted of Messrs. Heilbronn, Levy and
Choël.
|
The Audit
Committee does not have a member who is an “Audit Committee Financial Expert” as
such term is defined under the applicable rules and regulations. However, as the
result of the background, education and experience of the members of the Audit
Committee, our board of directors believes that such committee members are fully
qualified to fulfill their obligations as members of the Audit
Committee.
|
·
|
Executive
Compensation and Stock Option Committee – The Executive Compensation and
Stock Option Committee oversees the compensation of our company’s
executives and administers our company’s stock option plans. During 2008,
the members of such committee consisted of Messrs. Heilbronn, Levy and
Choël. We presently do not have a separate charter for our Executive
Compensation and Stock Option
Committee.
|
Our board
of directors does not maintain a standing nominating committee or a committee
performing similar functions. In view of the agreement and understanding of
Messrs. Jean Madar and Philippe Benacin who beneficially own more than 50% of
the outstanding shares of the Inter Parfums’ common stock and have agreed to
vote their shares in a like manner, our board of directors does not believe it
necessary for our
company to have such a committee. Also as a “controlled company” under the
applicable rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market, we are exempt from the nominating
committee requirements. During 2008, our board of directors as a group agreed to
nominate the same members of the board who had served the prior
year.
Business
Experience
The
following sets forth biographical information as to the business experience of
each executive officer and director of our company for at least the past five
years.
Jean
Madar
Jean
Madar, age 48, a Director, has been the Chairman of the Board since our
company’s inception, and is a co-founder of our company with Mr. Philippe
Benacin. From inception until December 1993 he was the President of our company;
in January 1994 he became Director General of Inter Parfums, S.A., our company’s
subsidiary; and in January 1997 he became Chief Executive Officer of our
company. Mr. Madar was previously the managing director of Inter Parfums, S.A.,
from September 1983 until June 1985. At such subsidiary, he had the
responsibility of overseeing the marketing operations of its foreign
distribution, including market research analysis and actual marketing campaigns.
Mr. Madar graduated from The French University for Economic and Commercial
Sciences (ESSEC) in 1983.
Philippe
Benacin
Mr.
Benacin, age 50, a Director, has been the Vice Chairman of the Board since
September 1991, and is a co-founder of our company with Mr. Madar. He was
elected the Executive Vice President in September 1991, Senior Vice President in
April 1993, and President of the Company in January 1994. In
addition, he has been the President of Inter Parfums, S.A. for more than the
past five years. Mr. Benacin graduated from The French University for
Economic and Commercial Sciences (ESSEC) in 1983.
Russell
Greenberg
Mr.
Greenberg, age 52, the Chief Financial Officer, was Vice-President, Finance when
he joined the Company in June 1992; became Executive Vice President in April
1993; and was appointed to our board of directors in February 1995. He is a
certified public accountant licensed in the State of New York, and is a member
of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the New York State
Society of Certified Public Accountants. After graduating from The Ohio State
University in 1980, he was employed in public accounting until he joined our
company in June 1992.
Philippe
Santi
Philippe
Santi, age 47 and a Director since December 1999, is the Director General
Delegué – Executive Vice President of Inter Parfums, S.A. Mr. Santi, who is a is
a Certified Accountant and Statutory Auditor in France, has been the Chief
Financial Officer of Inter Parfums, S.A. since February 1995. Prior to February
1995, Mr. Santi was the Chief Financial Officer for Stryker France and an Audit
Manager for Ernst and Young.
Francois
Heilbronn
Mr.
Heilbronn, age 48, a Director since 1988, an independent director and a member
of the Audit Committee and the Executive Compensation and Stock Option
Committee, is a graduate of Harvard Business School with a Master of Business
Administration degree and is currently the managing partner of the consulting
firm of M.M. Friedrich, Heilbronn & Fiszer. He was formerly employed by The
Boston Consulting Group, Inc. from 1988 through 1992 as a manager. Mr. Heilbronn
graduated from Institut D' Etudes Politiques De Paris in June 1983. From 1984 to
1986, he worked as a financial analyst for Lazard Freres &
Co.
Jean
Levy
Jean
Levy, age 76, a Director since August 1996, an independent director and a member
of the Audit Committee and the Executive Compensation and Stock Option
Committee, worked for twenty-seven years at L'Oreal, and was the President and
Chief Executive Officer of Cosmair, the exclusive United States licensee of
L'Oreal, from 1983 through June 1987. In addition, he is the former President
and Chief Executive Officer of Sanofi Beaute (France). For the more than the
past five years, Mr. Levy has been an independent advisor as well as a
consultant for economic development to local governments in France. A graduate
of l'Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris, he also attended Yale Graduate
School and was a recipient of a Fulbright Scholarship. He was also a
Professor at l'Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris. He was formerly a director
of Zannier Group and Escada Beaute Worldwide and Rallye,
S.A. In addition, Mr. Levy was also a director (Chairman of the Board until
October 2001) of Financière d'Or, and its subsidiary, Histoire d'Or which is in
the retail jewelry business. Mr. Levy was formerly a consultant to Ernst &
Young, Paris through 2004. He is currently a board member of Price Minister, an
internet based retailer located in Paris.
Robert
Bensoussan-Torres
Robert
Bensoussan-Torres, age 51, has been a Director since March 1997, and also is an
independent director. Mr. Bensoussan is the co-founder of Sirius Equity, a
retail and branded luxury goods investment company. In November 2001, he became
the Chief Executive Officer of Jimmy Choo Ltd., a luxury shoe and ready to wear
accessory company. In 2007 Jimmy Choo Ltd. was sold to a private equity firm.
From 1999 to December 2000, he was the Managing Director of Gianfranco Ferre
fashion group, based in Milano, Italy. Previously Mr. Bensoussan-Torres was a
Director of Towers Consulting Europe, Ltd. Towers Consulting Europe, Ltd. is a
consulting company based in London, which specializes in strategic advise in
connection with mergers and acquisitions in the luxury goods business. Mr.
Bensoussan-Torres was the Chief Executive Officer of Christian Lacroix, Paris, a
subsidiary of LVMH Group, from February 1993 until May 1998. Christian Lacroix
is a French Haute Couture House and has activities in the field of apparel,
accessories and fragrances. From December 1990 through January 1993 he was based
in Munich, Germany, as the International Sales Director of The Escada
Group.
Serge
Rosinoer
Mr. Rosinoer, age 78, was appointed to
our board of directors in December 2000, as an independent director. Mr.
Rosinoer has devoted most of his career to the personal care, cosmetics and
fragrance industry. Mr. Serge Rosinoer is presently the Chairman of
the Supervisory Board of Clarins SA. In 1978, Mr. Rosinoer joined the
Clarins Group as Vice President and Chief Operating Officer where he was largely
responsible for its rapid international expansion. As COO, then CEO
since 1978, Mr. Rosinoer oversaw the transformation of Clarins into a major
force in cosmetics, skin care and fragrance, with annual sales of approximately
600 million Euro and more than 4,000 employees. He retired from
active duty in June of 2000, but continues to serve on the board of directors of
Clarins. Earlier in his career he was President of Parfums
Corday. He also held senior level executive positions at Max Factor,
where he had full supervision of that cosmetics company’s European production
and sales. Mr. Rosinoer has served several terms as President of the French
Prestige Cosmetics Association and currently serves as Conseiller du Commerce
Extérieur de la France.
Patrick
Choël
Mr. Choël, age 65, was appointed to the
board of directors in June 2006 as an independent director, and is a member of
both the Audit Committee and the Executive Compensation and Stock Option
Committee. Mr. Choël is the manager of Université 82, a business consultant and
advisor. For approximately 10 years, through March 2004, Mr. Choël worked as the
President and CEO of two divisions of LVMH, first the LVMH Perfumes and
Cosmetics Division, which included such well known brands as Parfums Christian
Dior, Guerlain, and Parfums Givenchy, among others, and later, Parfums Christian
Dior, a leading world-wide prestige beauty/fragrances business. Prior to such
time, for approximately 30 years, he work at various executive positions at
Unilever, including President and CEO of Elida Fabergé France and President and
CEO of Chesebrough Pond’s USA.
Hugues de la
Chevasnerie
Hugues de la Chevasnerie, age 40,
became the Director of Burberry Fragrances in December 2006. Prior to joining
Burberry Fragrances, Mr. Chevasnerie was from February 2002 the Vice President
of International Marketing, Davidoff & Chloé, at Coty Inc. From 1994 to
2002, he held various positions at LVMH- Parfums Christian Dior, including Group
Head for Men’s Perfumes from 1999 to 2002.
Frederic
Garcia-Pelayo
Frederic
Garcia-Pelayo, age 50, became the Director of the Luxury and Fashion division of
Inter Parfums, S.A. in March 2005. He was previously the Director of Marketing
and Distribution for Perfume and Cosmetics for Inter Parfums, S.A. and was named
Executive Vice President in 2004. Previously Mr. Garcia-Pelayo was the Director
of Export Sales of Inter Parfums, S.A. from September 1994. Prior to September
1994, Mr. Garcia-Pelayo was the Export Manager for Benetton Perfumes for seven
(7) years.
Axel
Marot
Axel
Marot, age 35, was the Supply Chain Manager when he joined Inter Parfums, S.A.
in 2003 and has been the Director of Operations for Inter Parfums, S.A. since
January 2005. Prior to joining Inter Parfums, S.A., Mr. Marot was a Supply Chain
Manager for Nestlé.
Andy
Clarke
Henry B. “Andy” Clarke, age 48, was
appointed as President of Inter Parfums USA, LLC – Specialty Retail Division in
January 2008, which presently encompasses fragrance and personal care products
produced for Gap, Banana Republic, New York & Company, Brooks Brothers and
bebe. Mr. Clarke has been employed by our company since 2001. Prior
to joining the Company Mr. Clarke had spent seventeen years in the beauty
business in various capacities.
Section
16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Based solely upon a review of Forms 3,
4 and 5 and any amendments to such forms furnished to us, and written
representations from various reporting persons furnished to us, we are not aware
of any reporting person who has failed to file the reports required to be filed
under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on a timely basis,
except for each of Messrs. Benacin and Madar, who each filed one Form 4, 15 days
late in October 2008 reporting one sale of 61 shares.
Item
11. Executive Compensation
The
following table sets forth a summary of all compensation awarded to, earned by
or paid to, our Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Financial Officer, and each
of the 3 most highly compensated executive officers of our Company whose
compensation exceeded $100,000 per annum for services rendered in all capacities
to our Company and its subsidiaries during fiscal years ended December 31, 2008,
December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006. For all compensation related matters
disclosed in this Item 11, all amounts paid in euro have been converted to US
dollars at the average rate of exchange in each year.
SUMMARY
COMPENSATION TABLE
Name and Principal Position
|
|
Year
|
|
Salary ($)
|
|
|
Bonus ($)
|
|
|
Stock
Awards ($)
|
|
|
Option
Awards
($)
|
|
|
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
|
|
|
Change in Pension
Value and
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings ($)
|
|
|
All Other
Compensation ($)
|
|
|
Total ($)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jean
Madar,
|
|
2008
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
98,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
498,000 |
|
Chief
Executive Officer
|
|
2007
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
124,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
429,750 |
1 |
|
|
1,053,750 |
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
252,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
2,974,944 |
2 |
|
|
3,626,944 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Russell
Greenberg, Chief
|
|
2008
|
|
|
435,000 |
|
|
|
35,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
37,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
48,214 |
3 |
|
|
555,214 |
|
Financial
Officer
|
|
2007
|
|
|
405,000 |
|
|
|
43,100 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
98,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
246,590 |
4 |
|
|
792,690 |
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
375,000 |
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
167,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
304,214 |
5 |
|
|
876,214 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Philippe
Benacin, President of
|
|
2008
|
|
|
324,489 |
|
|
|
229,258 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
98,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
11,757 |
|
|
|
227,485 |
6 |
|
|
890,989 |
|
Inter
Parfums, Inc. and Chief
|
|
2007
|
|
|
263,750 |
|
|
|
170,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
124,000 |
|
|
|
-0- |
|
|
|
10,610 |
|
|
|
523,299 |
7 |
|
|
1,091,659 |
|