FORM 10-K
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


FORM 10-K

 


FOR ANNUAL AND TRANSITION REPORTS

PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission file number 0-17089

 


BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 


 

Commonwealth of Massachusetts   04-2976299
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

Ten Post Office Square

Boston, Massachusetts

  02109
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code): (617) 912-1900

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class

 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock

  NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Security Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Security Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check One)

 

Large accelerated filer  x    Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.)    Yes  ¨    No  x

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by nonaffiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the last reported sales price on the NASDAQ Global Market on June 30, 2006 was $1,014,013,559.

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding on February 21, 2007 was 36,746,272.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

Portions of the registrant’s proxy statement for the Company’s 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference in Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III.

 



Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I

  

ITEM 1

  

BUSINESS

   1
  

I.       General

   1
  

II.     Regional Clusters and National Platform

   1
  

III.    Revenue Generation

   4
  

IV.   Bank Regulatory Considerations

   13
  

V.     Taxation

   22
  

VI.   Internet Address

   23

ITEM 1A

  

RISK FACTORS

   24

ITEM 1B

  

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

   30

ITEM 2

  

PROPERTIES

   30

ITEM 3

  

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

   30

ITEM 4

  

SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

   31

PART II

  

ITEM 5

  

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

   32

ITEM 6

  

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

   34

ITEM 7

  

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

   36
  

I.       Executive Summary

   36
  

II.     Key Business Lines

   38
  

III.    Growth

   42
  

IV.   Financial Condition

   43
  

A.     Liquidity

   43
  

B.     Capital Resources

   46
  

C.     Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and Discussion

   48
  

D.     Asset Quality

   49
  

E.     Risk Elements of the Loan Portfolio

   50
  

F.      Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

   51
  

G.     Income/Expense

   51
  

1.      Rate-Volume Analysis

   51
  

2.      Net Interest Income and Margin

   52
  

3.      Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations

   53
  

4.      Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

   53
  

5.      Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004

   56
  

H.     Critical Accounting Policies

   59
  

I.       Impact of Accounting Estimates

   61
  

J.      Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

   61
  

K.     Recent Accounting Pronouncements

   61

ITEM 7A

  

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

   63

ITEM 8

  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

   67

ITEM 9

  

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

   122

ITEM 9A

  

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

   122

ITEM 9B

  

OTHER INFORMATION

   122

PART III

  

ITEM 10

  

DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

   123

ITEM 11

  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

   123

ITEM 12

  

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

   123

ITEM 13

  

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

   123

ITEM 14

  

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

   123

PART IV

  

ITEM 15

  

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

   123
  

SIGNATURES

   128
  

EXHIBITS

  
  

CERTIFICATIONS

  

 

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The discussions set forth below and elsewhere herein, may contain statements that may be considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements, other than statements of historical facts, including statements regarding our strategy, effectiveness of investment programs, evaluations of future interest rate trends and liquidity, expectations as to growth in assets, deposits and results of operations, receipt of regulatory approval for pending acquisitions, success of acquisitions, future operations, market position, financial position, and prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements.

Actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those contemplated, expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this document. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements are set forth in Part II, Item 7 under the headings “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Item 1A “Risk Factors.” Forward-looking statements are based on the current assumptions and beliefs of management and are only expectations of future results. Our actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as the result of, among other factors, changes in interest rates, changes in the securities or financial markets, a deterioration in general economic conditions on a national basis or in the local markets in which we operate, including changes which adversely affect borrowers’ ability to service and repay our loans, changes in loan defaults and charge-off rates, reduction in deposit levels necessitating increased borrowing to fund loans and investments, our ability to consummate proposed acquisitions in a timely manner, the risk that difficulties will arise in connection with the integration of the operations of acquired businesses with the operations of our banking or investment management businesses, the passing of adverse government regulation, and changes in assumptions used in making such forward-looking statements. This is not an exhaustive list and as a result of variations in any of these factors actual results may differ materially from any forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We will not update forward-looking statements to reflect facts, assumptions, circumstances or events which have changed after a forward-looking statement was made.

 

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PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

I. General

Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” or “Boston Private”), organized on July 1, 1988, is incorporated under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and is registered with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”) as a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”). On July 1, 1988, the Company became the parent holding company of Boston Private Bank & Trust Company (“Boston Private Bank”), a trust company chartered by The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”). In addition to Boston Private Bank, the Company’s wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries are Borel Private Bank & Trust Company (“Borel”) and First Private Bank & Trust (“FPB”), both California state banking corporations insured by the FDIC; Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company (“Gibraltar”), a federal savings association insured by the FDIC; Westfield Capital Management Company, LLC (“Westfield”), Sand Hill Advisors, Inc. (“Sand Hill”), Dalton, Greiner, Hartman, Maher & Co., LLC (“DGHM”), and Boston Private Value Investors, Inc. (“BPVI”), each a registered investment adviser; and KLS Professional Advisors Group, LLC (“KLS”) and RINET Company, LLC (“RINET”), both registered investment advisers and financial planning firms. The Company also owns 100% of Anchor Capital Holdings, LLC (“Anchor”). Anchor is the parent company and 80% owner in the profits interests of two separate operating companies, Anchor Capital Advisors LLC (“Anchor Capital”) and Anchor/Russell Capital Advisors LLC (“Anchor/Russell”), both of which are registered investment advisers. In addition, the Company holds a 49.7% minority interest in Bingham, Osborn & Scarborough, LLC (“BOS”) a financial planning firm and registered investment adviser, and approximately 28.4% minority interest in Coldstream Holdings, Inc. (“Coldstream Holdings”). Coldstream Holdings is the parent of Coldstream Capital Management, Inc. (“Coldstream Capital”), a registered investment adviser and Coldstream Securities, Inc., a registered broker dealer. The Company conducts substantially all of its business through its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, and Gibraltar (together the “Banks”), Westfield, Sand Hill, BPVI, DGHM, KLS, RINET, and Anchor together the “Registered Investment Advisers”.

On June 1, 2006, the Company acquired Anchor, a newly created holding company that owns 80% of the profits interests in Anchor Capital, a value-oriented investment adviser and 80% of the profits interests in Anchor/Russell, which structures disciplined and sophisticated investment management programs. The Company owns 100% of Anchor and the financial results of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell are consolidated for financial reporting purposes since the date of acquisition. At the closing of the transaction, the Company paid approximately $55.4 million plus acquisition costs of approximately $1.3 million, in a combination of cash and common stock, which represents approximately 68% of the total estimated consideration at closing. The remaining consideration will be paid over the next five years contingent upon Anchor’s financial performance. All earn-out payments will be paid with Boston Private common stock. The consideration paid at closing consisted of approximately 981 thousand shares of newly issued Boston Private common stock (of which 278,465 have been registered for resale on Form S-3, effective June 1, 2006) and approximately $25.4 million in cash. As of December 31, 2006, goodwill of approximately $38.5 million, which is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes, was recorded as part of the purchase price allocation.

The acquisition of Anchor gives the Company access to the rapidly growing Separately Managed Accounts (“SMA”) market, expands the Company’s investment value disciplines and enhances asset allocation services within the Company.

II. Regional Clusters and National Platform

The Company has pursued a “cluster” approach to the wealth management market by delivering private banking, investment management and wealth advisory services through a platform of complementary affiliate companies on a regional basis. The Company also has a corresponding national platform enabling it to deliver institutional and investment management services through Westfield, DGHM and Anchor.

 

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The New England Region

Boston Private Bank & Trust Company

Boston Private Bank is a Massachusetts-chartered trust company with $2.5 billion in balance sheet assets and $2.4 billion of assets under management as of December 31, 2006. Boston Private Bank pursues a private banking business strategy and is principally engaged in providing banking, investment and fiduciary products to high net worth individuals, their families and businesses in the greater Boston area and New England. Boston Private Bank offers its clients a broad range of deposit and loan products. In addition, Boston Private Bank provides investment management and trust services to high net worth individuals and institutional clients. Boston Private Bank is headquartered in Boston and has wealth management offices in Post Office Square, Back Bay, Seaport, Cambridge, Newton, Wellesley, Lexington, and Hingham, Massachusetts. Boston Private Bank also has a loan production office in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts.

Westfield Capital Management Company, LLC

Westfield is an investment management company based in Boston, Massachusetts serving clients domestically and abroad, with $10.1 billion of assets under management as of December 31, 2006. Westfield specializes in separately managed growth equity portfolios with products across the capitalization spectrum. Additionally, Westfield acts as the manager to the general partner and the investment manager to several limited partnerships that employ a long/short domestic growth equity strategy, with styles focusing on the life sciences sectors and micro capitalization area. The firm’s experienced investment team conducts in-depth, fundamental research and analysis to attempt to uncover solid, rapidly growing companies that can be purchased at a reasonable price.

RINET Company, LLC

RINET is an investment adviser with $1.3 billion of assets under advisory as of December 31, 2006. RINET provides fee-only financial planning, tax planning and investment management services to high net worth individuals and their families in the greater Boston area, New England, and other areas of the United States. The firm offers tax planning and preparation, asset allocation, estate planning, charitable planning and planning for employment benefits, including 401(k) plans, alternative investment analysis and mutual fund investing. The firm is staffed with Certified Public Accountants and Certified Financial Planners who are trained in all of the foregoing planning and advisory disciplines. Through its Kanon Bloch Carré division, RINET provides an independent, nationally recognized mutual fund rating service.

Boston Private Value Investors, Inc.

BPVI is an investment management firm with $961 million of assets under management as of December 31, 2006, primarily from high net worth individuals and select institutions in New England. BPVI is a large-cap style investor. Each value equity product it offers can be combined with high-quality fixed income products to create specialized balanced accounts to meet each client’s goal in the context of risk tolerance, tax sensitivity and time frame. The firm has offices in Boston, Massachusetts and Concord, New Hampshire.

Anchor Capital Holdings, LLC

Anchor is the parent holding company of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell. Anchor had $6.4 billion of assets under management as of December 31, 2006. Anchor Capital is a value-oriented investment adviser specializing in active investment management for families, trusts, and institutions, including foundations and endowments. Anchor Capital serves clients through its Discretionary Management Accounts division and its Separately Managed Accounts division, and offers four core disciplines which include balanced, all-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap styles. Anchor Capital’s sister company, Anchor/Russell, structures diversified investment management programs for clients utilizing a host of sophisticated management solutions including institutional multi-manager, multi-style, multi-asset mutual funds and SMA programs sponsored by the Frank Russell Company.

 

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The New York Metro Region

Dalton, Greiner, Hartman, Maher & Co., LLC

DGHM is a value driven investment manager specializing in smaller capitalization equities with $2.3 billion of assets under management as of December 31, 2006. The firm manages investments for institutional clients and high net worth individuals in mid, small, and micro-cap portfolios. Founded in 1982, the firm is headquartered in New York City.

KLS Professional Advisors Group, LLC

KLS is an investment adviser with $3.7 billion of assets under advisory as of December 31, 2006. KLS specializes in investment management, insurance, retirement planning, estate planning and income tax planning services. As a firm founded by experienced wealth management experts, KLS offers a comprehensive and objective approach to financial, tax, and estate planning. The firm offers advice and counsel on every aspect of its clients’ financial affairs in pursuit of strategies designed to preserve and build clients’ family wealth. KLS was founded in 1989 and is located in midtown Manhattan.

The Southeast Region

Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company

Gibraltar is a federal savings association with $1.5 billion in balance sheet assets and $907 million of assets under management as of December 31, 2006. Gibraltar provides private banking, wealth management, and commercial and residential lending as well as services provided through strategic alliances with prominent firms. Its primary focus is on small and medium-sized businesses and professionals located in the Miami-Dade, Monroe, Broward, Collier, and Palm Beach Counties. Gibraltar has its headquarters in Coral Gables and offices in South Miami, Downtown Miami, Key Largo, Naples, and Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In the fourth quarter of 2006, Gibraltar opened a private banking office in New York City.

The Northern California Region

Borel Private Bank & Trust Company

Borel is a California state banking corporation with $965 million in balance sheet assets and $731 million of trust assets under management as of December 31, 2006. Borel conducts a commercial banking business, which includes deposit and lending activities. Additionally, Borel offers trust services and provides a variety of other fiduciary services including investment management, advisory and administrative services to individuals. Headquartered in San Mateo, California, Borel has offices in Palo Alto, San Francisco, and Los Altos, California.

Sand Hill Advisors, Inc.

Sand Hill is an investment management company serving clients in northern California with $1.3 billion of assets under management as of December 31, 2006 primarily from high net worth individuals (including $230 million of assets managed through sub advisory relationships with Boston Private affiliates). The firm manages investments covering a wide range of asset classes for both taxable and tax exempt portfolios and has special expertise as transitional wealth counsel. Sand Hill seeks to both build and preserve the wealth of its clients through objective advice and a comprehensive approach to investing and delivers customized wealth management strategies to meet the diverse needs of its client base. Sand Hill is headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

Bingham, Osborn & Scarborough, LLC

BOS is an independent, fee-only comprehensive wealth management firm with $1.8 billion in assets under advisory as of December 31, 2006. Founded in 1985, the firm specializes in strategies for retirement planning,

 

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estate planning, charitable giving, portfolio diversification, insurance programs and tax management. Initially, Boston Private acquired a 20% interest in BOS and has increased its ownership to approximately 49.7% as of December 31, 2006. Over the next two years, Boston Private has the option to increase its investment interest an additional 10% per year, up to approximately 70%. BOS has offices in San Francisco and Menlo Park, California.

The Southern California Region

First Private Bank & Trust

FPB is a California state banking corporation with $553 million in balance sheet assets as of December 31, 2006. FPB provides a range of deposit and loan banking products and services to its customers. Its primary focus is on small and medium-sized businesses and professionals located in the Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties. FPB has its headquarters in Encino and offices in Burbank, Rancho Cucamonga, Granada Hills, Santa Monica and Westlake Village, California. During 2006, FPB opened a trust department which had $5 million in assets under management as of December 31, 2006.

The Pacific Northwest Region

Coldstream Capital Management, Inc.

Coldstream Holdings is the parent of Coldstream Capital, a multi-client family office providing comprehensive wealth management services to high net worth individuals and their families in the Pacific Northwest. Coldstream Capital had $1.1 billion of assets under management as of December 31, 2006. Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. has an approximately 28.4% investment in Coldstream Capital. Coldstream Capital has offices in Bellevue, Washington and Portland, Oregon.

For revenue, net income, assets, and other financial information for each of the Company’s business segments, see Part II, Item 8—“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 5: Business Segments.”

III. Revenue Generation

The Company generates fee income from providing investment management and trust services to its clients at the Banks and from providing investment management and wealth advisory services for clients at the Registered Investment Advisers. Investment management and trust fees are generally based upon the value of assets under management, and, therefore, can be significantly affected by fluctuations in the values of securities caused by changes in the capital markets. Westfield and DGHM receive some performance-based fees. The amount of these fees is impacted directly by the investment performance of Westfield and DGHM.

The Banks earn fees and other income from lending and cash management services. The net income of the Banks depends primarily on their net interest income, which is the difference between interest income and interest expense or “cost of money,” and the quality of their assets. Interest income depends on the amount of interest-earning assets outstanding during the period and the interest rates earned thereon. The Banks’ cost of money is a function of the average amount of interest-bearing deposits and borrowings outstanding during the period and the interest rates paid thereon. The quality of their assets further influences the amount of interest income lost on non-accrual loans and the amount of additions to the allowance for loan losses.

RINET and KLS earn income on a fee-only basis from providing financial planning services to clients. RINET also earns fees for providing asset allocation services to clients that are based on the value of such assets.

Investment Management and Trust Administration

The Company and its subsidiaries provide a broad range of investment management services to individuals, family groups, trusts, endowments and foundations, retirement plans and investment partnerships. These services

 

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include management of equity, fixed income, and balanced and strategic cash management portfolios. Portfolios are managed based on the investment objectives of each client, and each portfolio is positioned to benefit from long-term market trends. Acting as fiduciaries, the Banks provide trust services to both individuals and institutions. Westfield and DGHM, acting as managers of limited partnerships, also earn fees based on the performance of these limited partnerships. For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, investment management and trust fees accounted for 80.4% and 78.7% of the Company’s total fees and other income, and 39.9% and 40.2% of the Company’s total revenues, which is defined as net interest income plus fees and other income. At December 31, 2006 the Company had approximately $32.7 billion in assets under management and advisory which includes the Company’s unconsolidated affiliates.

Lending Activities

General. The Banks specialize in lending to individuals, real estate investors, and middle market businesses, including corporations, partnerships, associations and nonprofit organizations. Loans made by the Banks to individuals include residential mortgage loans and mortgage loans on investment and vacation properties to individuals, unsecured and secured personal lines of credit, home equity loans, and overdraft protection. Loans made by the Banks to businesses include commercial construction and mortgage loans, revolving lines of credit, working capital loans, equipment financing and letters of credit. At Boston Private Bank, commercial lending relationships with aggregate loan commitments over $2.5 million, with the exception of cash collateralized loans, are reviewed by the Credit Committee. Residential mortgage loans over $3 million are reviewed by the Residential Mortgage Committee. Both committees consist of members of Boston Private Bank’s management and lending staff. Commercial loan relationships that exceed $7 million and residential mortgage loans that exceed $5 million are reviewed by the Directors Loan Committee, which consists of five outside Directors of Boston Private Bank. At Borel, all unsecured loans over $500 thousand and loans secured by real estate over $3 million are reviewed by Borel’s Officers Loan Committee and Directors Loan Committee. At FPB all loans over $1 million are reviewed by the Directors Loan Committee. This committee is comprised of eight Directors, including the President and CEO of FPB. At Gibraltar, all new loans with aggregate exposure above $2.5 million and all renewals/increases above $5 million are approved by the Credit Committee. Aggregate exposure excludes residential mortgage loans less than $1 million. Certain senior officers have joint lending authority on renewals and increases to existing loans up to $2.5 million. The Credit Committee consists of senior management of the bank.

At December 31, 2006, the Banks had loans outstanding of $4.3 billion which represented approximately 74.7% of the Company’s total assets. Boston Private Bank had loans outstanding of $1.8 billion, Borel had loans outstanding of $888.1 million, FPB had loans outstanding of $417.9 million, and Gibraltar had loans outstanding of $1.2 billion, which represented approximately 31.0%, 15.4%, 7.2%, and 21.1%, respectively, of the consolidated Company’s total assets. The interest rates charged on these loans vary with the degree of risk, maturity and amount of the loan, and are further subject to competitive pressures, market rates, the availability of funds and legal and regulatory requirements. At December 31, 2006, approximately 76.0% of the Banks’ outstanding loans had interest rates that were either floating or adjustable in nature. See Part II, Item 7A—“Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk.”

At December 31, 2006, the statutory lending limit to any single borrower was approximately $32.5 million, $25.3 million, $23.5 million, and $16.1 million for Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, and Gibraltar, respectively, subject to certain exceptions provided under applicable law. At December 31, 2006, none of the Banks had any outstanding lending relationships in excess of the legal lending limit. The Banks have internal “house limits” which limits the amount of loans that the individual bank will make to any single borrower which is generally substantially lower than the statutory lending limit. All loans to Directors and executive officers were made in the ordinary course of business under normal credit terms, including interest rates and collateral requirements prevailing at the time of origination for comparable transactions with other persons, and do not represent more than normal credit risk.

 

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The Banks also have policies regarding the extension of loans to Directors and executive officers of the Company and its subsidiaries, and the aggregate principal amount of loans to all Directors and executive officers of the Company and its subsidiaries is limited by law to 100% of capital. At December 31, 2006, the aggregate principal amount of all loans by Banks to Directors and executive officers of the Company and its subsidiaries was $28.7 million, or 4.5% of capital.

Geographic concentration. Boston Private Bank primarily serves individuals and smaller businesses located in eastern Massachusetts and adjoining areas, with a particular concentration in the Greater Boston Metropolitan Area. Borel has a similar customer base located in northern California. FPB primarily serves small and medium-sized businesses and professionals in southern California. Gibraltar primarily serves small and medium-sized businesses and professionals in southern Florida and New York City, since they opened a new office in the fourth quarter of 2006. A downturn in any of these local economies or real estate markets could negatively impact the Company’s banking business. As of December 31, 2006, $793.9 million, or 31.8%, of the commercial and construction loans, $941.5 million, or 60.9%, of residential loans, and $49.2 million, or 18.6%, of the home equity and other consumer loans were held by Boston Private Bank and are concentrated in eastern Massachusetts. As of December 31, 2006, $736.6 million, or 29.5%, of the commercial and construction loans, $118.1 million, or 7.6%, of the residential mortgage loans, and $33.5 million, or 12.7%, of the home equity and other consumer loans were held by Borel and as such are concentrated in northern California. As of December 31, 2006, $403.9 million, or 16.2%, of the commercial and construction loans, were held by FPB and as such are concentrated in southern California. As of December 31, 2006, $561.9 million, or 22.5%, of the commercial and construction loans, $478.5 million, or 30.9%, of the residential mortgage loans and $176.6 million, or 66.8%, of the home equity and other consumer loans were held by Gibraltar and as such are concentrated in southern Florida.

Loan Portfolio Composition and Maturity. The following table sets forth the Banks’ loan balances for certain loan categories at the dates indicated and the percent of each category to total gross loans. The table does not include loans from the Holding Company to certain principals of DGHM and Anchor in the amount of $3.4 million or to an equity method investee of $258 thousand at December 31, 2006 or to certain principals of DGHM and an equity method investee in the amount of $397 thousand as of December 31, 2005. The “Holding Company” is defined as Boston Private on an unconsolidated basis.

 

    2006     2005     2004     2003     2002  
    Amount   Percent     Amount   Percent     Amount   Percent     Amount   Percent     Amount   Percent  
    (In thousands)  

Commercial

  $ 1,863,971   43.3 %   $ 1,560,485   43.1 %   $ 1,175,649   52.3 %   $ 784,539   48.6 %   $ 588,173   45.2 %

Construction

    632,263   14.7 %     478,958   13.2 %     181,418   8.1 %     96,087   6.0 %     88,016   6.8 %

Residential mortgage

    1,546,965   35.9 %     1,338,607   36.9 %     796,991   35.4 %     651,290   40.4 %     544,166   41.8 %

Home equity & other consumer

    264,356   6.1 %     245,793   6.8 %     94,381   4.2 %     80,648   5.0 %     81,371   6.2 %
                                                           
    4,307,555   100.0 %     3,623,843   100.0 %     2,248,439   100.0 %     1,612,564   100.0 %     1,301,726   100.0 %

Less: Allowance for loan losses

    43,387       37,607       25,021       17,761       15,163  
                                       

Net loans

  $ 4,264,168     $ 3,586,236     $ 2,223,418     $ 1,594,803     $ 1,286,563  
                                       

 

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The following table discloses the scheduled contractual maturities of loans in the Banks’ portfolios at December 31, 2006. Loans having no stated maturity are reported as due in one year or less. The following table also sets forth the dollar amounts of loans that are scheduled to mature after one year which have fixed or adjustable interest rates.

 

     Commercial and
Construction
  

Residential

Mortgage

  

Home

Equity/Other

   Total

Amounts due:

           

One year or less

   $ 805,190    $ 20,944    $ 35,034    $ 861,168

After one year through five years

     591,818      67,516      140,213      799,547

Beyond five years

     1,099,226      1,458,505      89,109      2,646,840
                           

Total

   $ 2,496,234    $ 1,546,965    $ 264,356    $ 4,307,555
                           

Interest rate terms on amounts due after one year:

           

Fixed

   $ 412,997    $ 233,680    $ 47,897    $ 694,574

Adjustable

     1,278,047      1,292,341      181,425      2,751,813
                           

Total

   $ 1,691,044    $ 1,526,021    $ 229,322    $ 3,446,387
                           

Scheduled contractual maturities typically do not reflect the actual maturities of loans. The average maturity of loans is substantially less than their average contractual terms because of prepayments and, in the case of conventional mortgage loans, due on sale clauses, which generally give the Banks the right to declare a loan immediately due and payable in the event, among other things, that the borrower sells the real property subject to the mortgage. The average life of mortgage loans tends to increase when current market rates are substantially higher than rates on existing mortgage loans and decrease when current market rates are substantially lower than rates on existing mortgages (due to refinancing of adjustable-rate and fixed-rate loans at lower rates). Under the latter circumstances, the weighted average yield on loans decreases as higher yielding loans are repaid or refinanced at lower rates. In addition, due to the fact that the Banks will, consistent with industry practice, “rollover” a significant portion of commercial real estate and commercial loans at or immediately prior to their maturity by renewing credit on substantially similar or revised terms, the principal repayments actually received by the Banks are anticipated to be significantly less than the amounts contractually due in any particular period. A portion of such loans also may not be repaid due to the borrowers’ inability to satisfy the contractual obligations of the loan. See Part II, Item 7—“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Asset Quality.”

Commercial and Construction Loans. Commercial and construction loans include working capital loans, equipment financings, standby letters of credit, term loans, revolving lines of credit, commercial real estate, and construction and land loans.

At December 31, 2006, the Banks had outstanding commercial and construction loans totaling $2.5 billion, which represented 57.9% of total loans and 43.3% of total assets of the Company. Of the Banks’ commercial and construction loan portfolio, $805.2 million, or 32.3%, is due within one year and $1.7 billion, or 67.7%, is due after one year. Loans are priced on a fixed rate or floating rate basis. Floating rate loans accounted for 70.6% of the Banks’ commercial and construction loan portfolio as of December 31, 2006. The average balance of the Banks’ outstanding commercial loans was approximately $2.2 billion for 2006, with an average loan size of approximately $766 thousand at December 31, 2006.

Residential Mortgage Loans. At December 31, 2006, the Banks had outstanding residential mortgage loans of $1.5 billion representing 35.9% of the Company’s total loan portfolio and 26.8% of total assets of the Company. While the Company has no minimum size for its mortgage loans, it concentrates its origination activities in the “Jumbo” segment of the market. This segment consists of loans secured by single-family properties in excess of the amount eligible for purchase by the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), which was $417 thousand at December 31, 2006. The average loan size of the Company’s outstanding residential mortgage loans was approximately $515 thousand at December 31, 2006.

 

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Home Equity & Other Consumer Loans. Home equity and other consumer loans consist of balances outstanding on home equity loans, consumer loans, credit cards and loans arising from overdraft protection extended to individual and business customers. At December 31, 2006, the Banks had $264.4 million of such loans. The amount of home equity loans and other consumer loans typically depends on customer demand.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The following table is an analysis of the Banks’ allowances for loan losses for the periods indicated:

 

    Years Ended December 31,  
    2006     2005     2004     2003     2002  
    (In thousands)  

Average loans outstanding

  $ 3,955,623     $ 2,699,130     $ 1,930,908     $ 1,447,600     $ 1,217,789  
                                       

Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period

  $ 37,607     $ 25,021     $ 17,761     $ 15,163     $ 12,799  

Charged-off loans:

         

Commercial & construction

    (837 )     (122 )     (51 )     (29 )     (198 )

Home equity & other consumer loans

    (61 )     (128 )     (14 )     (85 )     (30 )
                                       

Total charged-off loans

    (898 )     (250 )     (65 )     (114 )     (228 )
                                       

Recoveries on loans previously charged-off:

         

Commercial & construction

    128       68       58       75       257  

Home equity & other consumer loans

    371       136       3       6       5  
                                       

Total recoveries

    499       204       61       81       262  
                                       

Net loans (charged-off) recovered

    (399 )     (46 )     (4 )     (33 )     34  

Provision for loan losses

    6,179       5,438       4,285       2,631       2,330  

Addition due to acquisitions

    —         7,194       2,979       —         —    
                                       

Allowance for loan losses, end of period

  $ 43,387     $ 37,607     $ 25,021     $ 17,761     $ 15,163  
                                       

Net loans (charged-off) recovered to average loans

    (0.01 )%     0.00 %     0.00 %     0.00 %     0.00 %

Allowance for loan losses to ending gross loans

    1.01 %     1.04 %     1.11 %     1.10 %     1.16 %

Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans

    433.9 %     476.0 %     2,200.6 %     1,354.8 %     1,434.5 %

The allowance for loan losses is formulated based on the judgment and experience of the management at each Bank, who utilize historical experience, product types, economic trends, and industry benchmarks. The allowance is segregated into three components; “specific,” “general” and “unallocated.” The specific component is established by allocating a portion of the allowance for loan losses to individual impaired loans on the basis of specific circumstances and assessments. The general component is determined by applying coverage percentages to groups of loans based on risk ratings and product types. The Banks routinely review loans to individually assess the inherent risk and assign risk ratings to each loan. Coverage percentages applied are determined based on industry practice and management’s judgment. The unallocated component supplements the first two components based on management’s judgment of the effect of current and forecasted economic conditions on the borrowers’ abilities to repay, an evaluation of the allowance for loan losses in relation to the size of the overall loan portfolio, and consideration of the relationship of the allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans, net charge-off trends, and other factors. The unallocated component is generally in the 5% to 15% range of the total allowance for loan losses. The unallocated percentage can fluctuate based on short-term trends in loan classifications.

 

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The following table represents the allocation of the Banks’ allowance for loan losses and the percent of loans in each category to total loans as of the dates indicated:

 

     December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004     2003     2002  
     Amount   

% of

Total

Loans

    Amount   

% of

Total

Loans

    Amount   

% of

Total

Loans

    Amount   

% of

Total

Loans

    Amount   

% of

Total

Loans

 
     (In thousands)  

Loan category:

                         

Commercial and construction

   $ 31,019    57.9 %   $ 25,193    56.3 %   $ 17,767    60.4 %   $ 12,645    54.6 %   $ 9,619    52.0 %

Residential mortgage

     7,400    35.9 %     5,831    36.9 %     3,166    35.4 %     3,313    40.4 %     2,062    41.8 %

Home equity and other consumer

     1,989    6.2 %     1,822    6.8 %     1,470    4.2 %     511    5.0 %     1,373    6.2 %

Unallocated

     2,979    —         4,761    —         2,618    —         1,292    —         2,109    —    
                                                                 

Total allowance for loan losses

   $ 43,387    100.0 %   $ 37,607    100.0 %   $ 25,021    100.0 %   $ 17,761    100.0 %   $ 15,163    100.0 %
                                                                 

This allocation of the allowance for loan losses reflects management’s judgment of the relative risks of the various categories of the Banks’ loan portfolio. This allocation should not be considered an indication of the future amounts or types of possible loan charge-offs. See Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 7: Loans Receivable and Note 8: Allowance for Credit Losses to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information.

Investment Activities

The investment activity of the Banks is an integral part of the overall asset/liability management of the Company. The Banks’ investment policies establish a portfolio of securities which will provide liquidity necessary to facilitate funding of loans and to cover deposit fluctuations, and to hedge the Banks’ overall balance sheet against interest rate risk, while at the same time achieving a satisfactory return on the funds invested. The securities in which the Banks may invest are subject to regulation and are generally limited to securities that are considered “investment grade” securities. In addition, the Banks have an internal investment policy which restricts investments to the following categories: U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of U.S. Government agencies and corporations, mortgage-backed securities, including securities issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), securities of states and political subdivisions and corporate debt, all of which must be considered investment grade by a recognized rating service. The credit rating of each security or obligation in the portfolio is monitored and reviewed by each Bank’s portfolio manager and Asset/Liability Management Committee. The Company has determined that none of its available-for-sale or held-to-maturity investments are other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2006 and 2005. At December 31, 2006 there were no cost method investments, which are included in Other Assets, that are other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company recorded a write-down of approximately $306 thousand for cost method investments in 2005 due to an other-than-temporary impairment. See Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 6: Investment Securities to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information.

 

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The following table summarizes the carrying value (market value) of available-for-sale investments at the dates indicated:

 

     December 31,
     2006    2005    2004
     (In thousands)     

Available-for-sale:

        

U.S. Government

   $ 17,982    $ 22,462    $ 32,812

U.S. Agencies

     180,802      183,178      166,174

Municipal bonds

     231,108      224,081      229,368

Corporate bonds

     23,410      45,055      34,963

Mortgage-backed securities

     27,805      33,082      45,502

Other

     42,741      4,884      11,265
                    

Total available-for-sale

   $ 523,848    $ 512,742    $ 520,084
                    

The following table summarizes the carrying value (amortized cost) of held-to-maturity investments at the dates indicated:

 

     December 31,
     2006    2005    2004
     (In thousands)     

Held-to-maturity:

        

U.S. Government

   $ 2,745    $ 4,472    $ —  

U.S. Agencies

     1,970      29,412      19,019

Mortgage-backed securities

     7,660      9,439      —  

Other

     1,584      1,077      —  
                    

Total held-to-maturity

   $ 13,959    $ 44,400    $ 19,019
                    

Sources of Funds

Deposits. Deposits are the principal source of the Banks’ funds for use in lending, investments, and liquidity. At December 31, 2006, the Banks had a total of 28,043 checking accounts consisting of demand deposit and NOW accounts with an average account balance of approximately $42 thousand, 6,285 savings accounts with an average account balance of approximately $26 thousand, and 10,985 money market accounts with an average account balance of approximately $174 thousand. Certificates of deposit represented approximately 21.1% and 17.3% of total deposits at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 12: Deposits to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information.

The following table sets forth the average balances and interest rates paid on the Banks’ deposits:

 

    

Year Ended

December 31, 2006

 
    

Average

Balance

  

Average

Rate

 
     (In thousands)  

Noninterest-bearing deposits:

     

Checking accounts

   $ 735,224    —    

Interest-bearing deposits:

     

Savings and NOW accounts

     453,587    1.49 %

Money market accounts

     1,768,655    2.77 %

Certificates of deposit under $100,000

     126,416    3.67 %

Certificates of deposit of $100,000 or greater

     641,320    4.19 %
             

Total

   $ 3,725,202    2.92 %
             

 

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Time certificates of deposit in denominations of $100,000 or greater had the following schedule of maturities:

 

     December 31,
     2006    2005
     (In thousands)

Less than 3 months remaining

   $ 344,634    $ 257,682

3 to 6 months remaining

     205,862      114,866

6 to 12 months remaining

     104,285      68,041

More than 12 months remaining

     61,861      68,480
             

Total

   $ 716,642    $ 509,069
             

Borrowings. The Banks have established various borrowing arrangements to provide additional sources of liquidity and funding. Management believes that the Banks currently have adequate liquidity available to respond to current demands. Boston Private Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Boston, Borel and FPB are members of the FHLB of San Francisco, and Gibraltar is a member of the FHLB of Atlanta and as such each has access to both short and long-term borrowings. As of December 31, 2006, the Banks had $602.9 million of FHLB borrowings outstanding with a weighted average interest rate of 4.88%, compared to $362.0 million of FHLB borrowings, including federal funds, outstanding with a weighted average interest rate of 4.32% at December 31, 2005. In addition, the Banks had FHLB borrowings available of $831.7 million. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 13: Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information.

The Banks also obtain funds from the sales of securities to institutional investors and deposit customers under repurchase agreements. In a repurchase agreement transaction, the Banks will generally sell an investment security, agreeing to repurchase either the same or a substantially identical security on a specified later date (generally not more than 90 days for institutional investors and overnight for deposit customers) at a price slightly greater than the original sales price. The difference in the sale price and repurchase price is the cost of the use of the proceeds, or interest expense. The investment securities underlying these agreements may be delivered to securities dealers who arrange such transactions as collateral for the repurchase obligation. Repurchase agreements represent a cost competitive funding source for the Banks. However, the Company is subject to the risk that the borrower of the securities may default at maturity and not return the collateral. In order to minimize this potential risk, the Banks generally deal with large, established investment brokerage firms when entering into such transactions with institutional investors, and deal with established deposit customers on overnight transactions. Repurchase transactions are accounted for as financing arrangements rather than as sales of such securities, and the obligation to repurchase such securities is reflected as a liability in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. At December 31, 2006, the total amount of outstanding repurchase agreements was $77.6 million with a weighted average interest rate of 2.0%, compared to $107.4 million with a weighted average interest rate of 1.0% at December 31, 2005. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 14: Short-term Borrowings to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information.

From time to time the Banks purchase federal funds from the FHLB and other banking institutions to supplement their liquidity positions. The Banks have federal fund lines of credit totaling $154 million with correspondent institutions to provide them with immediate access to overnight borrowings. At December 31, 2006, the Banks did not have any borrowings outstanding under these federal funds lines. Boston Private Bank has also negotiated brokered deposit agreements with several institutions that have nationwide distribution capabilities. At December 31, 2006, Boston Private Bank had $59.0 million of brokered deposits outstanding under these agreements. See Part II, Item 7—“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity.”

Other Sources of Funds. Other sources of funds include investment management fees, loan repayments, maturities of investment securities, and sales of securities from the available-for-sale portfolio.

 

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Competition

The Company operates in the highly competitive wealth management marketplace. The Company believes that by creating regional clusters of companies, it is favorably positioned to access diversified markets to expand its potential client base and mitigate regional economic risks. In addition, the Company believes its regional presence enables it to provide better access to decision makers and more customized personal service for its wealth management clients.

In the Company’s private banking business, the ability of the Banks to attract loans and deposits may be limited by their small size relative to their competitors. The Banks maintain a smaller staff and have fewer financial and other resources than larger institutions with which they compete in their market areas. In particular, in attempting to attract deposits and originate loans, the Banks encounter competition from other institutions, including larger national, and suburban-based commercial banking organizations, savings banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions and nonbank financial service companies. The principal methods of competition include the level of loan interest rates charged to borrowers, interest rates paid on deposits, range of services provided and the quality of these services. To compete effectively, the Banks rely substantially on local promotional activity, personal contacts by officers, directors, and employees, personalized service and their reputation within the communities they serve.

In this competitive environment, the Banks may be unable to attract sufficient and high quality loans in order to continue their loan growth, which may adversely affect the Banks’ results of operations and financial condition, including the level of their non-performing assets. The Banks’ competitors include several major financial companies whose greater resources may afford them a marketplace advantage by enabling them to maintain numerous banking locations and mount extensive promotional and advertising campaigns. The Banks’ current commercial borrowing customers may develop needs for credit facilities larger than the Banks can accommodate. Moreover, under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (the “GLBA”), securities firms, insurance companies and other financial services providers that elect to become financial holding companies may acquire banks and other financial institutions. The GLBA has significantly changed the competitive environment in which the Company and its subsidiaries conduct business. (See “Bank Regulation and Supervision” below.) The financial services industry is also likely to become more competitive as further technological advances enable more companies to provide financial services. These technological advances may diminish the importance of depository institutions and other financial intermediaries in the transfer of funds among parties.

The ability of Boston Private’s affiliates to attract investment management and trust business may be inhibited by the relatively short history and record of performance at each affiliate. The Company’s principal competitors with respect to investment management and trust services are primarily commercial banks and trust companies, mutual fund companies, investment advisory firms, stock brokerage firms, other financial companies and law firms. Many of Boston Private’s competitors have greater resources than its individual affiliates or the Company on a consolidated basis. Competition can impact revenue and current and future fee structures.

The Company believes that the ability to compete effectively with other firms is dependent upon the products, level of investment performance and client service, as well as the marketing and distribution of the investment products. Moreover, Boston Private’s ability to retain investment management clients may be impaired by the fact that investment management contracts are typically short-term in nature, allowing clients to withdraw funds from accounts under management, generally in their sole discretion. There can be no assurance that Boston Private will be able to achieve favorable investment performance and retain its existing clients.

In the wealth advisory industry, Boston Private competes with a wide variety of firms including national and regional financial services firms, accounting firms, trust companies, and law firms. Many of these companies have greater resources and broader product lines, and may already have relationships with Boston Private’s clients in related product areas. The Company believes that the ability of its affiliates, most specifically RINET and KLS, to compete effectively with other firms is dependent upon the quality and level of service, personal relationships, and investment performance. There can be no assurance that RINET or KLS will be able to retain their existing clients, expand existing relationships, or add new clients.

 

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Employees

At December 31, 2006, the Company had 1,031 employees. The Company’s employees are not subject to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company believes its employee relations are good.

IV. Bank Regulatory Considerations

Supervision and Regulation

In addition to the generally applicable state and federal laws governing businesses and employers, the Company is further subject to federal and state laws and regulations applicable to depository institutions and their parent companies. Virtually all aspects of the Company’s operations are subject to specific requirements or restrictions and general regulatory oversight. State and federal banking laws have as their principal objective the safety and soundness of depository institutions, the federal deposit insurance system, and the protection of depositors, rather than the protection of stockholders of a bank or its parent company. Many of the Company’s affiliates are also subject to regulation under federal and state securities laws as described below under “Government Regulation of Other Activities.”

Set forth below is a brief description of certain laws and regulations that relate to the supervision and regulation of Boston Private and the Banks. To the extent the following material describes statutory or regulatory provisions, it is qualified in its entirety by reference to the particular statute or regulation.

Certain Restrictions on Activities and Operations of Boston Private

Boston Private is a bank holding company (a “BHC”) registered with the Federal Reserve Board under the BHCA. As such, Boston Private and its non-bank subsidiaries are subject to the supervision, examination, and reporting requirements of the BHCA and the regulations of the Federal Reserve Board. Boston Private is also a bank holding company for purposes of the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and is subject to the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Board of Bank Incorporation (the “BBI”) and the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks (the “Commissioner”). Boston Private is also a bank holding company for purposes of the laws of the State of California, and is subject to the jurisdiction of the California Department of Financial Institutions (the “DFI”). As discussed below, Boston Private has not elected Financial Holding Company (“FHC”) status under the BHCA. For purposes of the BHCA, Gibraltar, a federal savings association, which Boston Private acquired in 2005, is a non-banking subsidiary.

The Federal Reserve Board has the authority to issue orders to BHCs to cease and desist from unsafe or unsound banking practices and violations of conditions imposed by, or violations of agreements with, the Federal Reserve Board. The Federal Reserve Board is also empowered, among other things, to assess civil money penalties against companies or individuals who violate the BHCA orders or, among other things, regulations thereunder, to order termination of non-banking activities of BHCs, and to order termination of ownership and control of a non-banking subsidiary by a BHC.

BHCA: Activities and Other Limitations. The BHCA prohibits a BHC from acquiring substantially all the assets of a bank or acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any bank, or increasing such ownership or control of any bank, or merging or consolidating with any BHC without prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board. The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 (“Riegle-Neal”) permits adequately or well capitalized and adequately or well managed BHCs, as determined by the FRB, to acquire banks in any state, subject to certain deposit concentration limits and other conditions. Riegle-Neal also generally authorizes the interstate merger of banks. In addition, among other things, Riegle-Neal permits banks and federal savings associations to establish new branches on an interstate basis provided that the law of the host state specifically authorizes such action.

Unless a BHC becomes a FHC under the GLBA (as discussed below), the BHCA prohibits a BHC from acquiring a direct or indirect interest in or control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any company that is not a

 

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bank or a BHC. In addition, it prohibits engaging directly or indirectly in activities other than those of banking, managing or controlling banks or furnishing services to its subsidiary banks. However, it may engage in and may own shares of companies engaged in certain activities the Federal Reserve Board determines to be so closely related to banking or managing and controlling banks so as to be a proper incident thereto. In making such determinations, the Federal Reserve Board is required to weigh the expected benefit to the public. This determination incorporates greater convenience, increased competition or gains in efficiency, against the possible adverse effects, such as undue concentration of resources, decreased or unfair competition, conflicts of interests or unsafe or unsound banking practices. As discussed more fully below, Massachusetts law imposes certain approval requirements with respect to acquisitions by a BHC of certain banking institutions and to the merger of BHCs.

The GLBA established a comprehensive framework to permit affiliations among commercial banks, insurance companies, securities firms, and other financial service providers by expanding the BHCA framework to permit BHCs that elect to be treated as FHCs to engage in a range of financial activities broader than would be permissible for traditional BHCs, such as Boston Private, that have not elected to be treated as FHCs. “Financial activities” is broadly defined to include not only banking, insurance and securities activities, but also merchant banking and additional activities that the Federal Reserve Board, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, determines to be financial in nature, incidental to such financial activities, or complementary activities that do not pose a substantial risk to the safety and soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally. In sum, the GLBA permits a BHC that qualifies and elects to be treated as a FHC to engage in a significantly broader range of financial activities than BHCs, such as Boston Private, that have not elected FHC status.

In order to elect to become a FHC and thus engage in a broader range of financial activities, a BHC must meet certain tests and file an election form with the Federal Reserve Board. To qualify, all of a BHC’s subsidiary banks must be well capitalized (as discussed below under “Regulation of Boston Private’s Banks-Capital Requirements”) and well managed, as measured by regulatory guidelines. In addition, to engage in the new activities, each of the BHC’s banks must have been rated “satisfactory” or better in its most recent federal Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) evaluation.

A BHC that elects to be treated as a FHC may face significant consequences if its banks fail to maintain the required capital and management ratings, including entering into an agreement with the Federal Reserve Board, which imposes limitations on its operations and may even require divestitures. Such possible ramifications may limit the ability of a bank subsidiary to expand significantly or to acquire less than well-capitalized and well-managed institutions. At this time, Boston Private has not elected to become a FHC.

Capital Requirements. The Federal Reserve Board has adopted capital adequacy guidelines which it uses in assessing the adequacy of capital in examining and supervising a BHC and in analyzing applications upon which it acts. The Federal Reserve Board’s capital adequacy guidelines generally require BHCs to maintain total capital equal to 8% of total risk-adjusted assets and off-balance sheet items, with at least 50% of that amount consisting of Tier I or core capital and the remaining amount consisting of Tier II or supplementary capital. Tier I capital for BHCs generally consists of the sum of common stockholders’ equity, perpetual preferred stock and trust preferred securities (both subject to certain limitations and in the case of the latter to specific limitations on the kind and amount of such securities which may be included as Tier I capital), and minority interest in the equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and other non-qualifying intangible assets. Tier II capital generally consists of hybrid capital instruments, perpetual debt and mandatory convertible debt securities; perpetual preferred stock and trust preferred securities, which is, or to the extent, not eligible to be included as Tier I capital; term subordinated debt and intermediate-term preferred stock; and, subject to limitations, general allowances for loan losses. Assets are adjusted under the risk-based guidelines to take into account different risk characteristics.

In addition to the risk-based capital requirements, the Federal Reserve Board requires BHCs to maintain a minimum leverage capital ratio of Tier I capital (defined by reference to the risk-based capital guidelines) to its average total consolidated assets (the “Leverage Ratio”) of 3.0%. Total consolidated average assets for this

 

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purpose does not include, for example, goodwill and any other intangible assets, unrealized gains or losses on investments and investments that the Federal Reserve Board determines should be deducted from Tier I capital. The 3% Leverage Ratio requirement is the minimum for the top-rated BHCs without any supervisory, financial or operational weaknesses or deficiencies or those which are not experiencing or anticipating significant growth. All other BHC’s are required to maintain a Leverage Ratio of 4%. BHC’s with supervisory financial, operational or managerial weaknesses, as well as BHC’s that are anticipating or experiencing significant growth, are expected to maintain capital ratios above the minimum levels. Finally, the Federal Reserve Board has also imposed certain capital requirements applicable to certain non-banking activities, including adjustments in connection with off-balance sheet items.

U.S. bank regulatory authorities and international bank supervisory organizations, principally the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision the (“Basel Committee”), continue to consider changes to the risk-based capital adequacy framework which ultimately could affect the appropriate capital guidelines to which Boston Private and the Banks are subject. In 2005, the federal banking agencies issued an advance notice of proposed rulemaking (“ANPR”) concerning potential changes in the risk-based capital rules (“Basel 1-A”) that are designed to apply to, and potentially reduce the risk capital requirements of BHCs, such as Boston Private, that are not among the 20 or so largest U.S. BHCs. In December 2006, the FDIC issued a revised Interagency Notice of Proposed Rulemaking concerning Basel 1-A (the “NPR”), which would allow banks and BHCs that are not among the 20 or so largest U.S. BHCs to either adopt Basel 1-A or remain subject to the existing risk-based capital rules. The NPR would also, among other changes, amend the ANPR to add new risk weights, expand the use of external credit ratings for certain exposures and expand the range of eligible collateral and guarantors used to mitigate credit risk. Pubic comments on the NPR will be accepted through March 26, 2007, and in all likelihood, will be subject to further revision. The effective date, if adopted, of the Basel 1-A rules also remains uncertain. Accordingly, Boston Private is not yet in a position to determine the effect of such rules on its risk capital requirements.

Limitations on Acquisitions of Common Stock. The Change in Bank Control Act prohibits a person or group of persons from acquiring “control” of a BHC unless the Federal Reserve Board has been notified and has not objected to the transaction. Under a rebuttable presumption established by the Federal Reserve Board, the acquisition of 10% or more of a class of voting securities of a BHC, such as Boston Private, with a class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, would, under the circumstances set forth in the presumption, constitute the acquisition of control of a BHC. Massachusetts law and California law also impose certain limitations on the ability of persons and entities to acquire control of banking institutions and their parent companies. The Home Owners’ Loan Act (“HOLA”) and the Office of Thrift Supervision (the “OTS”) regulations impose certain limitations on the ability of third parties to acquire control of federal savings associations, such as Gibraltar.

In addition, any company would be required to obtain the approval of the Federal Reserve Board under the BHCA before acquiring 25% (5% in the case of an acquirer that is a BHC) or more, or otherwise obtaining control or a controlling influence over a BHC.

Cash Dividends. The Federal Reserve Board has the authority to prohibit bank holding companies from paying dividends if such payment is deemed to be an unsafe or unsound practice. The Federal Reserve Board has indicated generally that it may be an unsafe or unsound practice for BHCs to pay dividends unless the BHC’s net income over the preceding year is sufficient to fund the dividends and the expected rate of earnings retention is consistent with the organization’s capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition. Federal Reserve Board policy further provides that a BHC should not maintain a level of cash dividends to its stockholders that places undue pressure on the capital of bank subsidiaries, or that can be funded only through additional borrowings or other arrangements that may undermine the BHC’s ability to serve as a source of strength to bank subsidiaries. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) may also regulate the amount of dividends payable by the subsidiary banks. The inability of the banks to pay dividends may have an adverse affect on the Company.

 

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Support of Subsidiary Institutions and Liability of Commonly Controlled Depository Institutions. Under Federal Reserve Board policy, Boston Private is expected to act as a source of financial and managerial strength for, and commit its resources to, supporting the Banks during periods of financial stress or adversity. This support may be required at times when Boston Private may not be inclined to provide it. In addition, any capital loans by a BHC to any of its bank subsidiaries are subordinate to the payment of deposits and to certain other indebtedness. In the event of a BHC’s bankruptcy, any commitment by the BHC to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of a bank subsidiary will be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to a priority of payment.

A depository institution insured by the FDIC, such as Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, or Gibraltar can be held liable for any loss incurred by, or reasonably expected to be incurred by, the FDIC in connection with the default of a commonly controlled FDIC-insured depository institution or any assistance provided by the FDIC to any commonly controlled FDIC-insured depository institution “in danger of default.” “Default” is defined generally as the appointment of a conservator or receiver, and “in danger of default” is defined generally as the existence of certain conditions indicating that a default is likely to occur in the absence of supervisory assistance. The FDIC’s claim for damages is superior to claims of stockholders of the insured depository institution or its holding company, but is subordinate to claims of depositors, secured creditors, and holders of subordinated debt (other than affiliates) of the commonly controlled insured depository institution. The Banks are subject to these cross-guarantee provisions. As a result, any loss suffered by the FDIC in respect of any of the Banks would likely result in assertion of the cross-guarantee provisions, the assessment of estimated losses against the other Banks, and a potential loss of Boston Private’s investments in the Banks.

Massachusetts Law. As a BHC for purposes of Massachusetts law, Boston Private has registered with the Commissioner and is obligated to make reports to the Commissioner. Further, as a Massachusetts BHC, Boston Private may not acquire all or substantially all of the assets of a banking institution, merge or consolidate with another BHC or acquire direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting stock in any other banking institution if it will own or control more than 5% thereof without the prior consent of the BBI. As a general matter, however, the Commissioner does not rule upon or regulate the activities in which BHCs or their non-bank subsidiaries engage.

California Law. Boston Private is also a BHC within the meaning of Section 3700 of the California Financial Code. As such, Boston Private and its subsidiaries are subject to examination by, and may be required to file reports with, the DFI.

Florida Law. Gibraltar’s primary banking regulator is the OTS, therefore, Gibraltar is neither subject to examination nor required to file reports with the Florida Office of Financial Regulations.

Regulation of the Banks

The Banks are subject to the extensive supervision and regulation of various federal and state authorities, which include the FDIC, the OTS, the DFI and the Commissioner. Each of the Banks is subject to numerous state and federal statutes and regulations that affect its business, activities, and operations, and each is supervised and examined by one or more federal or state bank regulatory agencies.

As a Massachusetts-chartered bank, Boston Private Bank is subject to regulation and examination by the Commissioner and the FDIC. Borel and FPB are California banking corporations that are subject to regulation by the DFI and the FDIC. Gibraltar is subject to regulation and examination by the OTS. Each of them is required to file reports with and obtain approvals from these various regulatory agencies prior to entering into certain transactions, including mergers with, or acquisitions of, other financial institutions. As FDIC-insured institutions, the Banks are also subject to certain requirements applicable to all insured depository institutions.

FDIC Insurance Premiums. The Banks pay deposit insurance premiums to the FDIC based on an assessment rate established by the FDIC. In 2006, the FDIC enacted various rules to implement the provisions of the Federal

 

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Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005 (the “FDI Reform Act”). Pursuant to the FDI Reform Act, in 2006 the FDIC merged the Bank Insurance Fund with the Savings Association Insurance Fund to create a newly named Deposit Insurance Fund (the “DIF”) that covers both banks and savings associations. The FDIC also revised, effective January 1, 2007, the risk-based premium system under which the FDIC classifies institutions based on the factors described below and generally assesses higher rates on those institutions that tend to pose greater risks to the DIF. For most banks and savings associations, including the Banks, FDIC rates will depend upon a combination of CAMELS component ratings and financial ratios. CAMELS ratings reflect the applicable bank regulatory agency’s evaluation of the financial institution’s capital, asset quality, management, earnings liquidity and sensitivity to risk. For large banks and savings associations that have long-term debt issuer ratings, assessment rates will depend upon such ratings, and CAMELS component ratings. For institutions, such as the Banks, which are in the lowest risk category, assessment rates will vary initially from 5 to 7 basis points per $100 of insured deposits. The Federal Deposit Insurance Act (“FDIA”) as amended by the FDI Reform Act requires the FDIC to set a ratio of deposit insurance reserves to estimated insured deposits, the designated reserve ratio (the “DRR”) for a particular year within a range of 1.15% to 1.50%. For 2007, the FDIC has set the initial DRR at 1.25%. During 2006, the Banks paid $464 thousand of FDIC insurance premiums. Under the FDI Reform Act and the FDIC’s revised premium assessment program, every FDIC-insured institution will pay some level of deposit insurance assessments regardless of the level of the DRR. We cannot predict whether, as a result of an adverse change in economic conditions or other reasons, the FDIC will be required in the future to increase deposit insurance assessments above 2007 levels.

Capital Requirements. The FDIC has promulgated regulations and adopted a statement of policy regarding the capital adequacy of state-chartered banks, which, like the Banks, are not members of the Federal Reserve System. These requirements are substantially similar to those adopted by the Federal Reserve Board regarding BHCs, as described above.

Moreover, the federal banking agencies have promulgated substantially similar regulations to implement the system of prompt corrective action established by Section 38 of the FDIA. Under the regulations, a bank generally shall be deemed to be:

 

   

“well capitalized” if it has a total risk based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater, has a Tier I risk based capital ratio of 6.0% or more, has a leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater and is not subject to any written agreement, order or capital directive or prompt corrective action directive;

 

   

“adequately capitalized” if it has a total risk based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a Tier I risk based capital ratio of 4.0% or more, and a leverage ratio of 4.0% or greater (3.0% under certain circumstances) and does not meet the definition of a “well capitalized bank;”

 

   

“undercapitalized” if it has a total risk based capital ratio that is less than 8.0%, a Tier I risk based capital ratio that is less than 4.0% or a leverage ratio that is less than 4.0% (3.0% under certain circumstances);

 

   

“significantly undercapitalized” if it has a total risk based capital ratio that is less than 6.0%, a Tier I risk based capital ratio that is less than 3.0% or a leverage ratio that is less than 3.0%; and

 

   

“critically undercapitalized” if it has a ratio of tangible equity to total assets that is equal to or less than 2.0%.

An institution generally must file a written capital restoration plan which meets specified requirements with an appropriate FDIC regional director within 45 days of the date that the institution receives notice or is deemed to have notice that it is undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized or critically undercapitalized. An institution, which is required to submit a capital restoration plan, must concurrently submit a performance guaranty by each company that controls the institution. A critically undercapitalized institution generally is to be placed in conservatorship or receivership within 90 days unless the FDIC formally determines that forbearance from such action would better protect the deposit insurance fund.

 

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Immediately upon becoming undercapitalized, an institution becomes subject to the provisions of Section 38 of the FDIA, including for example, (i) restricting payment of capital distributions and management fees, (ii) requiring that the FDIC monitor the condition of the institution and its efforts to restore its capital, (iii) requiring submission of a capital restoration plan, (iv) restricting the growth of the institution’s assets and (v) requiring prior approval of certain expansion proposals.

At December 31, 2006, each of the Banks was deemed to be a well capitalized institution for the above purposes. Regulators may raise capital requirements applicable to banking organizations above current levels. We are unable to predict whether higher capital requirements will be imposed and, if so, at what levels and on what schedules. Therefore, we cannot predict what effect such higher requirements may have on us. As discussed above, the Banks would be required to remain well-capitalized institutions at all times if we elected to be treated as a FHC.

Brokered Deposits. Section 29 of the FDIA and FDIC regulations generally limit the ability of an insured depository institution to accept, renew or roll over any brokered deposit unless the institution’s capital category is “well capitalized” or “adequately capitalized.” These restrictions have not had a material impact on the operations of the Banks because each of the Banks are well capitalized at December 31, 2006, and historically they have not relied heavily upon brokered deposits as a source of funding.

Activities and Investments of Insured State-Chartered Banks. Section 24 of the FDIA generally limits the activities as principal and equity investments of FDIC-insured, state-chartered banks, (including Boston Private Bank, Borel, and FPB, but not Gibraltar), to those that are permissible for national banks. In 1999, the FDIC revised its regulations implementing Section 24 of the FDIA to ease the ability of FDIC-insured state-chartered banks to engage in certain activities not permissible for national banks, and to expedite FDIC review of bank applications and notices to engage in such activities.

Further, the GLBA permits national banks and state banks, to the extent permitted under state law, to engage through “financial institutions” in certain new activities which are permissible for subsidiaries of a FHC. Further, it expressly preserves the ability of national banks and state banks to retain all existing subsidiaries. In order to form a financial subsidiary, a national bank or state bank must be well capitalized, and such banks would be subject to certain capital deduction, risk management and affiliate transaction rules, among other things. Also, the FDIC’s final rules governing the establishment of financial subsidiaries adopt the position that activities that a national bank could engage in only through a financial subsidiary, such as securities underwriting, may be conducted only in a financial subsidiary by a state nonmember bank. However, activities that a national bank could not engage in through a financial subsidiary, such as real estate development or investment, continue to be governed by the FDIC’s standard activities rules. Moreover, to mirror the Federal Reserve Board’s actions with respect to state member banks, the final rules provide that a state bank subsidiary that engages only in activities that the bank could engage in directly (regardless of the nature of the activities) will not be deemed to be a financial subsidiary.

Activities and Investments of Federal Savings Associations. Gibraltar, as a federal savings association, derives its lending and investment powers from the HOLA, and the regulations of the OTS promulgated thereunder. Under these laws and regulations, Gibraltar may invest in mortgage loans secured by residential and non-residential real estate, commercial and consumer loans, certain types of debt securities and certain other assets. Gibraltar may also establish service corporations that may engage in activities not otherwise permissible for Gibraltar, including certain real estate equity investments and securities and insurance brokerage activities. These investment powers are subject to various limitations, including (1) a prohibition against the acquisition of any corporate debt security that is not rated in one of the four highest rating categories, (2) a limit of 400% of an association’s capital on the aggregate amount of loans secured by non-residential real estate property, (3) a limit of 20% of an association’s assets on commercial loans, with the amount of commercial loans in excess of 10% of assets being limited to small business loans, (4) a limit of 35% of an association’s assets on the aggregate amount of consumer loans and acquisitions of certain debt securities, (5) a limit of 5% of assets on non-conforming loans (loans in excess of the specific limitations of HOLA), and (6) a limit of the greater of 5% of assets or an association’s capital on certain construction loans.

 

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Qualified Thrift Lender (“QTL”) Test. The HOLA requires federal savings associations to meet a QTL test. Under the QTL test, a savings association is required to maintain at least 65% of its “portfolio assets” (total assets less (1) specified liquid assets up to 20% of total assets, (2) intangibles, including goodwill, and (3) the value of property used to conduct business) in certain “qualified thrift investments” (primarily residential mortgages and related investments, including certain mortgage-backed securities, credit card loans, student loans, and small business loans) on a monthly basis during at least 9 out of every 12 months. As of December 31, 2006, Gibraltar maintained in excess of 70.8% of its portfolio assets in qualified thrift investments and qualified under the QTL test.

A federal savings association that fails the QTL test and does not convert to a bank charter generally will be prohibited from: (1) engaging in any new activity not permissible for a national bank, (2) paying dividends not permissible under national bank regulations, and (3) establishing any new branch office in a location not permissible for a national bank in the association’s home state. In addition, if the association does not re-qualify under the QTL test within three years after failing the test, the association would be prohibited from engaging in any activity not permissible for a national bank and would have to repay any outstanding advances from the applicable Federal Home Loan Bank as promptly as possible.

Transactions with Affiliates. Under Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation W thereunder, there are various legal restrictions on the extent to which a BHC, such as Boston Private, and its non-bank subsidiaries may borrow, obtain credit from or otherwise engage in “covered transactions” with its FDIC insured depository institution subsidiaries. Such borrowings and other covered transactions by an insured depository institution subsidiary (and its subsidiaries) with its non-depository institution affiliates are limited to the following amounts:

 

   

in the case of one such affiliate, the aggregate amount of covered transactions of the insured depository institution and its subsidiaries cannot exceed ten percent (10%) of the capital stock and surplus of the insured depository institution; and

 

   

in the case of all affiliates, the aggregate amount of covered transactions of the insured depository institution and its subsidiaries cannot exceed twenty percent (20%) of the capital stock and surplus of the insured depository institution.

“Covered transactions” are defined by statute for these purposes to include a loan or extension of credit to an affiliate, a purchase of or investment in securities issued by an affiliate, a purchase of assets from an affiliate unless exempted by the Federal Reserve Board, the acceptance of securities issued by an affiliate as collateral for a loan or extension of credit to any person or company, or the issuance of a guarantee, acceptance, or letter of credit on behalf of an affiliate. Covered transactions are also subject to certain collateral security requirements. Further, a BHC and its subsidiaries are prohibited from engaging in certain tying arrangements in connection with any extension of credit, lease or sale of property of any kind, or furnishing of any service.

Community Reinvestment Act. The CRA requires the FDIC and the OTS to evaluate the Banks’ performance in helping to meet the credit needs of their entire communities, including low and moderate-income neighborhoods, consistent with their safe and sound banking operations, and to take this record into consideration when evaluating certain applications. The CRA does not establish specific lending requirements or programs for financial institutions, nor does it limit an institution’s discretion to develop the type of products and services that it believes are best suited to its particular community, consistent with the purposes of the CRA. Massachusetts has also enacted a similar statute that requires the Commissioner to evaluate Boston Private Bank’s performance in helping to meet the credit needs of its entire community and to take that record into account in considering certain applications.

The FDIC’s and OTS’s CRA regulations are currently based upon objective criteria of the performance of institutions under three key assessment tests: (i) a lending test, to evaluate the institution’s record of making loans in its service areas; (ii) an investment test, to evaluate the institution’s record of investing in community

 

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development projects, affordable housing, and programs benefiting low or moderate income individuals and businesses; and (iii) a service test, to evaluate the institution’s delivery of services through its branches, ATMs, and other offices. Boston Private Bank’s current CRA rating is “outstanding”, Borel’s current CRA rating is “satisfactory”, FPB’s current CRA rating is “satisfactory”, and Gibraltar’s current CRA rating is “outstanding”. In 2005, the federal banking agencies adopted less burdensome CRA requirements for “intermediate—small banks,” which are banks with $250 million or more, but less than $1 billion in total assets, including, Borel and FPB, under which such banks are examined using only two tests, a Lending Test and a new Community Development Test, and are relieved of certain data collection and reporting requirements.

Customer Information Security. The FDIC, the OTS and other bank regulatory agencies have adopted final guidelines for establishing standards for safeguarding nonpublic personal information about customers. These guidelines implement provisions of the GLBA. Specifically, the Information Security Guidelines established by the GLBA require each financial institution, under the supervision and ongoing oversight of its Board of Directors or an appropriate committee thereof, to develop, implement and maintain a comprehensive written information security program designed to ensure the security and confidentiality of customer information, to protect against anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of such information; and to protect against unauthorized access to or use of such information that could result in substantial harm or inconvenience to any customer. The federal banking regulators have issued guidance for banks on response programs for unauthorized access to customer information. This guidance, among other things, requires notice to be sent to customers whose “sensitive information” has been compromised if unauthorized use of this information is “reasonably possible.” A majority of states have enacted legislation concerning breaches of data security and Congress is considering federal legislation that would require consumer notice of data security breaches.

Privacy. The GLBA requires financial institutions to implement policies and procedures regarding the disclosure of nonpublic personal information about consumers to nonaffiliated third parties. In general, the statute requires financial institutions to explain to consumers their policies and procedures regarding the disclosure of such nonpublic personal information, and, except as otherwise required or permitted by law, financial institutions are prohibited from disclosing such information except as provided in their policies and procedures.

USA PATRIOT Act. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 (the “PATRIOT Act”), designed to deny terrorists and others the ability to obtain anonymous access to the United States financial system, has significant implications for depository institutions, broker-dealers, mutual funds, insurance companies and businesses of other types involved in the transfer of money. The PATRIOT Act, together with the implementing regulations of various federal regulatory agencies, has caused financial institutions such as the Banks to adopt and implement additional or amend existing policies and procedures with respect to, among other things, anti-money laundering compliance, suspicious activity, and currency transaction reporting, customer identity verification and customer risk analysis. In evaluating an application under Section 3 of the BHCA to acquire a bank or an application under the Bank Merger Act to merge banks or affect a purchase of assets and assumption of deposits and other liabilities, the applicable federal banking regulator must consider the anti-money laundering compliance record of both the applicant and the target. In 2006, final regulations under the PATRIOT Act were issued requiring financial institutions, including the Banks, to take additional steps to monitor their correspondent banking and private banking relationships as well as their relationships with “shell banks”. Management believes that the Company is in compliance with all the requirements prescribed by the PATRIOT Act and all applicable final implementing regulations.

Massachusetts Law—Dividends. Under Massachusetts law, the board of directors of a trust company, such as Boston Private Bank, may declare from “net profits” cash dividends no more often than quarterly, provided that there is no impairment to the trust company’s capital stock. Moreover, prior Commissioner approval is required if the total of all dividends declared by a trust company in any calendar year would exceed the total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits for the previous two years, less any required transfer to surplus or a fund for the retirement of any preferred stock. These restrictions on Boston Private Bank’s ability to declare and to pay dividends may restrict Boston Private’s ability to pay dividends to its stockholders. We cannot predict future dividend payments of Boston Private Bank at this time.

 

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OTS Regulations—Dividends. The OTS regulates all capital distributions by Gibraltar directly or indirectly to Boston Private, including dividend payments. If the total amount of all capital distributions (including each proposed capital distribution) for the applicable calendar year exceeds net income for that year to date plus the retained net income for the preceding two years, then Gibraltar must file an application and receive the approval of the OTS for a proposed capital distribution.

Regulatory Enforcement Authority. The enforcement powers available to federal banking regulators include, among other things, the ability to assess civil money penalties, to issue cease and desist or removal orders and to initiate injunctive actions against banking organizations and institution-affiliated parties, as defined. In general, these enforcement actions may be initiated for violations of law and regulations and unsafe or unsound practices. Other actions or inactions may provide the basis for enforcement action, including misleading or untimely reports filed with regulatory authorities. Under certain circumstances, federal and state law requires public disclosure and reports of certain criminal offenses and also final enforcement actions by the federal banking agencies.

Securities Law Issues. The GLBA also amended the federal securities laws to eliminate the blanket exceptions that banks traditionally have had from the definition of “broker,” “dealer” and “investment adviser” under the Exchange Act. The SEC’s bank dealer regulation, among other things, granted an exemption to banks from dealer registration (as well as from registration as a dealer) with respect to effecting a de minimis number of riskless principal transactions, and to its rule that defines terms used in the bank exception to dealer registration for asset-backed transactions, and included a new exemption for banks from the definition of dealer under the Exchange Act for certain securities lending transactions. Proposed Regulation R issued by the SEC and the Federal Reserve Board in December 2006 provides exemptions to banks from broker regulation and includes additional exemptions from the SEC’s bank dealer regulation. Banks not falling within the specific exemptions provided by the law may have to restructure their activities in order to avoid violating the registration requirements for brokers and dealers under the federal securities laws. With respect to investment adviser registration, the GLBA requires a bank that acts as investment adviser to a registered investment company to register as an investment adviser or to conduct such advisory activities through a separately identifiable department or division of the bank so registered.

Government Policies and Legislative and Regulatory Proposals

The operations of the Banks are generally affected by the economic, fiscal, and monetary policies of the United States and its agencies and regulatory authorities, particularly the Federal Reserve Bank which regulates the money supply of the United States, reserve requirements against deposits, the discount rate on Federal Reserve Bank borrowings and related matters, and which conducts open-market operations in U.S. government securities. The fiscal and economic policies of various governmental entities and the monetary policies of the Federal Reserve Board have a direct effect on the availability, growth, and distribution of bank loans, investments, and deposits.

In addition, various proposals to change the laws and regulations governing the operations and taxation of, and deposit insurance premiums paid by, federally and state-chartered banks and other financial institutions are from time to time pending in Congress and in state legislatures as well as before the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC, the OTS and other federal and state bank regulatory authorities. The likelihood of any major changes in the future, and the impact any such changes might have on Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, and Gibraltar are not possible to determine.

Government Regulation of Other Activities

Virtually all aspects of the Company’s investment management and wealth advisory businesses are subject to extensive regulation. Westfield, Sand Hill, RINET, DGHM, BPVI, KLS, Anchor, and Gibraltar are registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) as investment advisers under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Advisers Act”). As an investment adviser, each is subject to

 

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the provisions of the Investment Advisers Act and the Commission’s regulations promulgated thereunder. The Investment Advisers Act imposes numerous obligations on registered investment advisers, including fiduciary, recordkeeping, operational, and disclosure obligations. Westfield, Sand Hill, RINET, DGHM, BPVI, KLS, and Anchor are also subject to regulation under the securities laws and fiduciary laws of certain states. Each of the mutual funds for which Westfield, and DGHM act as sub-adviser, is registered with the Commission under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Shares of each such fund are registered with the Commission under the Securities Act, and the shares of each fund are qualified for sale (or exempt from such qualification) under the laws of each state and the District of Columbia to the extent such shares are sold in any of such jurisdictions. The Company is also subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), and to regulations promulgated thereunder, insofar as it is a “fiduciary” under ERISA with respect to certain of its clients. ERISA and the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); impose certain duties on persons who are fiduciaries under ERISA, and prohibit certain transactions by the fiduciaries (and certain other related parties) to such plans.

As a sub-adviser to a registered investment company, Westfield, and DGHM are subject to requirements under the 1940 Act and the Commission’s regulations promulgated thereunder. Under the Investment Advisers Act, every investment advisory contract between a registered investment adviser and its clients must provide that it may not be assigned by the investment adviser without the consent of the client. In addition, under the 1940 Act, each contract with a registered investment company must provide that it terminates upon its assignment. Under both the Investment Advisers Act and the 1940 Act, an investment advisory contract is deemed to have been assigned in the case of a direct “assignment” of the contract as well as in the case of a sale, directly or indirectly, of a “controlling block” of the adviser’s voting securities. Such an assignment may be deemed to take place when a firm is acquired by the Company.

The foregoing laws and regulations generally grant supervisory agencies and bodies’ broad administrative powers, including the power to limit or restrict Westfield, Sand Hill, RINET, DGHM, BPVI, KLS, or Anchor from conducting their business in the event that they fail to comply with such laws and regulations. Possible sanctions that may be imposed in the event of such noncompliance include the suspension of individual employees, limitations on the business activities for specified periods of time, revocation of registration as an investment adviser, commodity trading adviser and/or other registrations, and other censures and fines.

V. Taxation

Federal Taxation

The Company, Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, Gibraltar, Sand Hill, and BPVI are subject to federal income taxation generally applicable to corporations under the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”). Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, and Gibraltar are banking institutions subject to Subchapter H of the Code which relates to securities, reserves for loan losses, and any common trust funds.

The Company, Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, Gibraltar, Sand Hill, and BPVI are members of an affiliated group of corporations within the meaning of Section 1504 of the Code and file a consolidated federal income tax return. The advantages of filing a consolidated tax return include the avoidance of tax on intercompany distributions and the ability to offset operating and capital losses of one company against operating income and capital gains of another company.

Westfield, RINET, DGHM, KLS, and Anchor are limited liability companies and their taxable income is included as part of the Company’s taxable income.

State and Local Taxation

Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Both the Company and its subsidiaries doing business in Massachusetts are subject to an annual Massachusetts excise tax. The tax rate is 10.50% on taxable income apportioned to

 

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Massachusetts. Massachusetts taxable income is defined as federal taxable income subject to certain modifications. The Company believes these modifications allow for a deduction for 95% of dividends received from stock where the entity owns 15% or more of the voting stock of the institution paying the dividend and to allow deductions from certain expenses allocated to federally tax exempt obligations. Combined reporting is not permitted under Massachusetts statutes.

Boston Private Bank maintains a subsidiary that is not subject to the 10.50% tax rate on taxable income because it meets the definitional tests relating to investments and the other conditions as a subsidiary of a financial institution. The subsidiary is taxed on its gross income at the rate of 1.32%.

State of California. The Company and its subsidiaries are taxable in California as a result of the operations of the Company, Borel, FPB and Sand Hill. California’s taxable income is gross income as defined under the Code as of January 1, 2005 subject to certain differences not adopted. California’s apportioned income is allocated to the Company and subsidiaries with business operations in California. The tax rate for income allocated to corporations that are not financial institutions is 8.84% whereas the tax rate on income allocated to financial institutions is 10.84%.

State of New Hampshire. Certain subsidiaries have business operations in New Hampshire. The tax rate for the New Hampshire business enterprise tax is 0.75% and the tax rate on the New Hampshire business profits tax is 8.5% with a credit allowed for the business enterprise tax.

State of New York. The Company is taxable in New York as a result of the operations of its LLC interests in DGHM and KLS. Gibraltar expanded its business operations into New York during 2006. The New York tax rate is 7.5% plus a surcharge for business operations in the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation district.

City of New York. The Company and Gibraltar are taxable in New York City. The tax rate is 8.85% on taxable income apportioned to New York City. In addition to the Company’s income tax in New York City, DGHM and KLS are also subject to an unincorporated business tax (“UBT”). In computing UBT taxable income, amortization of purchased intangibles and certain payments to principals are not deductible. The UBT rate is 4.0%. A portion of the UBT paid is allowed as a credit in computing the Company’s New York City income tax.

State of Florida. Both the Company and its subsidiaries doing business in Florida are subject to Florida income taxes. The tax rate is 5.5% on taxable income apportioned to Florida.

VI. Internet Address

The Company’s Internet address is www.bostonprivate.com. The Company makes available on or through its Internet website, without charge, its annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The Company’s reports filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are also available at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The quarterly earnings release conference call can also be accessed from the Company’s website. Press releases are also maintained on the Company’s website. Information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this document and should not be considered part of this Report.

 

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Our business strategy contemplates significant growth and there are challenges and risks inherent in such a growth strategy.

In recent years, we have experienced rapid growth, both due to the expansion of our existing businesses as well as acquisitions. Among the challenges facing us is the ongoing need to continue to maintain and develop an infrastructure appropriate to support such growth, including in the areas of management personnel, systems, compliance, and risk management, while taking steps to ensure that the related expense incurred is commensurate with the growth in revenues. Accordingly, there is risk inherent in our pursuit of a growth strategy that revenue will not be sufficient to support such expense and generate profitability at the levels we historically have achieved. A significant decrease in revenues or increases in costs may adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.

In connection with our recent acquisitions and to the extent that we acquire other companies in the future, our business may be negatively impacted by certain risks inherent in such acquisitions.

We continue to consider the acquisition of other banking, investment management, and wealth advisory companies. To the extent that we acquire other companies in the future, our business may be negatively impacted by certain risks inherent in such acquisitions. These risks include, but are not limited to the following:

 

   

the risk that we will incur substantial expenses in pursuing potential acquisitions without completing such acquisitions;

 

   

the risk that we may lose key clients of the acquired business as a result of the change of ownership to us;

 

   

the risk that the acquired business will not perform in accordance with our expectations;

 

   

the risk that difficulties will arise in connection with the integration of the operations of the acquired business with the operations of our private banking, investment management, or wealth advisory businesses, particularly to the extent we are entering new geographic markets;

 

   

the risk that we will need to make significant investments in infrastructure, controls, staff, emergency backup facilities or other critical business functions that become strained by our growth;

 

   

the risk that management will divert its attention from other aspects of our business;

 

   

the risk that we may lose key employees of the acquired business;

 

   

the risk that unanticipated costs relating to potential acquisitions could reduce our earnings per share;

 

   

the risk associated with entering into geographic and product markets in which we have limited or no direct prior experience;

 

   

the risk that we may assume potential liabilities of the acquired company as a result of the acquisition; and

 

   

the risk that an acquisition will dilute our earnings per share, in both the short and long term, or that it will reduce our tangible capital ratios.

As a result of these risks, any given acquisition, if and when consummated, may adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition. In addition, because the consideration for an acquisition may involve cash, debt or the issuance of shares of our stock and may involve the payment of a premium over book and market values, existing stockholders may experience dilution in connection with any acquisition.

Attractive acquisition opportunities may not be available to us in the future.

We will continue to consider the acquisition of other businesses. However, we may not have the opportunity to make suitable acquisitions on favorable terms in the future, which could negatively impact

 

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the growth of our business. We expect that other banking and financial companies, many of which have significantly greater resources than we do, will compete with us to acquire compatible businesses. This competition could increase prices for acquisitions that we would likely pursue. Also, acquisitions of regulated businesses such as banks are subject to various regulatory approvals. If we fail to receive the necessary regulatory approvals, we will not be able to consummate an acquisition that we believe is in our best interests.

Competition in the local banking industry may impair our ability to attract and retain banking customers at current levels.

Competition in the local banking industry coupled with our relatively small size may limit the ability of our banking subsidiaries to attract and retain banking customers.

In particular, the Banks’ competitors include several major financial companies whose greater resources may afford them a marketplace advantage by enabling them to maintain numerous banking locations and mount extensive promotional and advertising campaigns. Additionally, banks and other financial institutions with larger capitalization and financial intermediaries not subject to bank regulatory restrictions have larger lending limits and are able to serve the credit and investment needs of larger customers. Areas of competition include interest rates for loans and deposits, efforts to obtain deposits and range and quality of services provided. Our Banks also face competition from out-of-state financial intermediaries which have opened low-end production offices or which solicit deposits in their respective market areas.

Because our Banks maintain smaller staffs and have fewer financial and other resources than larger institutions with which they compete, they may be limited in their ability to attract customers. In addition, some of the Banks’ current commercial banking customers may seek alternative banking sources as they develop needs for credit facilities larger than our Banks can accommodate.

If our Banks are unable to attract and retain banking customers, they may be unable to continue their loan growth and their results of operations and financial condition may otherwise be negatively impacted.

We may not be able to attract and retain investment management and wealth advisory clients at current levels.

Due to intense competition, our investment management and wealth advisory subsidiaries may not be able to attract and retain clients at current levels. Competition is especially strong in our geographic market areas, because there are numerous well-established and successful investment management and wealth advisory firms in these areas. Many of our competitors have greater resources than we have.

Our ability to successfully attract and retain investment management and wealth advisory clients is dependent upon our ability to compete with competitors’ investment products, level of investment performance, client services and marketing and distribution capabilities. If we are not successful, our results of operations and financial condition may be negatively impacted.

For the year ended December 31, 2006, approximately 46% of our revenues were derived from investment management and trust fees and wealth advisory contracts. Investment management contracts are typically terminable upon less than 30 days’ notice. Most of our investment management clients may withdraw funds from accounts under management generally in their sole discretion. Wealth advisory client contracts must typically be renewed on an annual basis and are terminable upon relatively short notice. The combined financial performance of our investment management and wealth advisory subsidiaries is a significant factor in our overall results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Our investment management business is highly dependent on people to produce investment returns and to solicit and retain clients.

We rely on our investment managers to produce investment returns. We believe that investment performance is one of the most important factors for the growth of our assets under management. Poor investment performance could impair our revenues and growth because:

 

   

existing clients might withdraw funds in favor of better performing products, which would result in lower investment management fees; or

 

   

our ability to attract funds from existing and new clients might diminish.

The market for investment managers is extremely competitive and is increasingly characterized by frequent movement of investment managers among different firms. In addition, our individual investment managers often have regular direct contact with particular clients, which can lead to a strong client relationship based on the client’s trust in that individual manager. The loss of a key investment manager could jeopardize our relationships with our clients and lead to the loss of client accounts. Losses of such accounts could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

In addition to the loss of key investment managers, our investment management business is dependent on the integrity of our asset managers and our employees. If an asset manager or employee were to misappropriate any client funds, the reputation of our asset management business could be negatively affected, which may result in the loss of accounts and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

If we are required to write down goodwill and other intangible assets, our financial condition and results of operations would be negatively affected.

When we acquire a business, a substantial portion of the purchase price of the acquisition is allocated to goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets. The amount of the purchase price which is allocated to goodwill is determined by the excess of the purchase price over the net identifiable assets acquired. At December 31, 2006, our goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets were approximately $461 million. Under current accounting standards, if we determine goodwill or intangible assets are impaired, we will be required to write down the value of these assets. We conduct an annual review to determine whether goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets are impaired.

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually in the fourth quarter at the reporting unit level. An impairment test also could be triggered between annual testing dates if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value below the carrying amount. Examples of those events or circumstances would include the following:

 

   

Significant adverse change in business climate

 

   

Significant unanticipated loss of clients/assets under management

 

   

Unanticipated loss of key personnel

 

   

Sustained periods of poor investment performance

 

   

Significant loss of deposits or loans

 

   

Significant reductions in profitability

 

   

Significant changes in loan credit quality

We cannot assure you that we will not be required to take an impairment charge in the future. Any impairment charge would have a negative effect on our stockholders’ equity and financial results.

Defaults in the repayment of loans may negatively impact our business.

A borrower’s default on its obligations under one or more of the Banks’ loans may result in lost principal and interest income and increased operating expenses as a result of the allocation of management time and resources to the collection and work-out of the loan.

 

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In certain situations, where collection efforts are unsuccessful or acceptable work-out arrangements cannot be reached, our Banks may have to write-off the loan in whole or in part. In such situations, the Banks may acquire real estate or other assets, if any, which secure the loan through foreclosure or other similar available remedies. In such cases, the amount owed under the defaulted loan often exceeds the value of the assets acquired.

Our Banks’ management periodically makes a determination of an allowance for loan losses based on available information, including the quality of their loan portfolio, certain economic conditions, and the value of the underlying collateral and the level of its non-accruing loans. Provisions to this allowance result in an expense for the period. If, as a result of general economic conditions or an increase in defaulted loans, management determines that additional increases in the allowance for loan losses are necessary, the Banks will incur additional expenses.

In addition, bank regulatory agencies periodically review our Banks’ allowances for loan losses and the values they attribute to real estate acquired through foreclosure or other similar remedies. Such regulatory agencies may require the Banks to adjust their determination of the value for these items. These adjustments could negatively impact our results of operations or financial condition.

A downturn in local economies or real estate markets could negatively impact our banking business.

A downturn in the local economies or real estate markets could negatively impact our banking business. Primarily, our Banks serve individuals and smaller businesses located in four geographic regions: eastern Massachusetts, northern California, southern California, and southern Florida. In addition, Gibraltar has recently opened an office in New York City. The ability of the Banks’ customers to repay their loans is impacted by the economic conditions in these areas.

The Banks’ commercial loans are generally concentrated in the following customer groups:

 

   

real estate developers and investors;

 

   

financial service providers;

 

   

technology companies;

 

   

manufacturing and communications companies;

 

   

professional service providers;

 

   

general commercial and industrial companies; and

 

   

individuals.

Our Banks’ commercial loans, with limited exceptions, are secured by real estate (usually income producing residential and commercial properties), marketable securities or corporate assets (usually accounts receivable, equipment or inventory). Substantially all of our Banks’ residential mortgage and home equity loans are secured by residential property. Consequently, our Banks’ ability to continue to originate real estate loans may be impaired by adverse changes in local and regional economic conditions in the real estate markets, or by acts of nature, including earthquakes, hurricanes and flooding. Due to the concentration of real estate collateral in the geographic regions in which we operate, these events could have a material adverse impact on the ability of our Banks’ borrowers to repay their loans and affect the value of the collateral securing these loans.

Environmental liability associated with commercial lending could result in losses.

In the course of business, our Banks may acquire, through foreclosure, properties securing loans they have originated or purchased which are in default. Particularly in commercial real estate lending, there is a risk that hazardous substances could be discovered on these properties. In this event, we, or our Banks, might be required to remove these substances from the affected properties at our sole cost and expense. The cost of this removal could substantially exceed the value of affected properties. We may not have adequate

 

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remedies against the prior owner or other responsible parties and could find it difficult or impossible to sell the affected properties. These events could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Fluctuations in interest rates may negatively impact our banking business.

Fluctuations in interest rates may negatively impact the business of our Banks. Our Banks’ main source of income from operations is net interest income, which is equal to the difference between the interest income received on interest-bearing assets (usually loans and investment securities) and the interest expense incurred in connection with interest-bearing liabilities (usually deposits and borrowings). These rates are highly sensitive to many factors beyond our control, including general economic conditions, both domestic and foreign, and the monetary and fiscal policies of various governmental and regulatory authorities. Our Banks’ net interest income can be affected significantly by changes in market interest rates. Changes in relative interest rates may reduce our Banks’ net interest income as the difference between interest income and interest expense decreases. As a result, our Banks have adopted asset and liability management policies to minimize the potential adverse effects of changes in interest rates on net interest income, primarily by altering the mix and maturity of loans, investments and funding sources. However, even with these policies in place, a change in interest rates can impact our results of operations or financial condition.

An increase in interest rates could also have a negative impact on our Banks’ results of operations by reducing the ability of borrowers to repay their current loan obligations, which could not only result in increased loan defaults, foreclosures and write-offs, but also necessitate further increases to the Banks’ allowances for loan losses. Increases in interest rates, in certain circumstances, may also lead to high levels of loan prepayments, which may also have an adverse impact on our net interest income.

Prepayments of loans may negatively impact our business.

Generally, our Banks’ customers may prepay the principal amount of their outstanding loans at any time. The speed at which such prepayments occur, as well as the size of such prepayments, are within our customers’ discretion. If customers prepay the principal amount of their loans, and we are unable to lend those funds to other borrowers or invest the funds at the same or higher interest rates, our interest income will be reduced. A significant reduction in interest income could have a negative impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our cost of funds for banking operations may increase as a result of general economic conditions, interest rates and competitive pressures.

Our cost of funds for banking operations may increase as a result of general economic conditions, interest rates and competitive pressures. Our Banks have traditionally obtained funds principally through deposits and through borrowings. As a general matter, deposits are a cheaper source of funds than borrowings, because interest rates paid for deposits are typically less than interest rates charged for borrowings. Historically and in comparison to commercial banking averages, our Banks have had a higher percentage of their time deposits in denominations of $100,000 or more. Within the banking industry, the amounts of such deposits are generally considered more likely to fluctuate than deposits of smaller denominations. If, as a result of general economic conditions, market interest rates, competitive pressures or otherwise, the value of deposits at our Banks decreases relative to their overall banking operations, our Banks may have to rely more heavily on borrowings as a source of funds in the future.

Our investment management business may be negatively impacted by changes in economic and market conditions.

Our investment management business may be negatively impacted by changes in general economic and market conditions because the performance of such business is directly affected by conditions in the financial and securities markets. The financial markets and businesses operating in the securities industry are highly volatile (meaning that performance results can vary greatly within short periods of time) and are directly affected by, among other factors, domestic and foreign economic conditions and general trends in business and finance, all of which are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that broad market

 

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performance will be favorable in the future. The world financial and securities markets will likely continue to experience significant volatility as a result of, among other things, world economic and political conditions. Decline in the financial markets or a lack of sustained growth may result in a corresponding decline in our performance and may adversely affect the assets that we manage.

In addition, our management contracts generally provide for fees payable for investment management services based on the market value of assets under management, although a portion of Westfield’s and DGHM’s contracts also provide for the payment of fees based on investment performance in addition to a base fee. Because most contracts provide for a fee based on market values of securities, fluctuations in securities prices may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our investment management and wealth advisory businesses are highly regulated, which could limit or restrict our activities and impose fines or suspensions on the conduct of our business.

Our investment management and wealth advisory businesses are highly regulated, primarily at the federal level. The failure of any of our subsidiaries that provide investment management and wealth advisory services to comply with applicable laws or regulations could result in fines, suspensions of individual employees or other sanctions including revocation of such subsidiary’s registration as an investment adviser.

All of our investment adviser and wealth advisory affiliates are registered investment advisers under the Investment Advisers Act. The Investment Advisers Act imposes numerous obligations on registered investment advisers, including fiduciary, record keeping, operational and disclosure obligations. These subsidiaries, as investment advisers, are also subject to regulation under the federal and state securities laws and the fiduciary laws of certain states. In addition, Westfield, and DGHM act as sub-advisers to mutual funds which are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and are subject to that act’s provisions and regulations.

We are also subject to the provisions and regulations of ERISA, to the extent we act as a “fiduciary” under ERISA with respect to certain of our clients. ERISA and the applicable provisions of the federal tax laws, impose a number of duties on persons who are fiduciaries under ERISA and prohibit certain transactions involving the assets of each ERISA plan which is a client, as well as certain transactions by the fiduciaries (and certain other related parties) to such plans.

In addition, applicable law provides that all investment contracts with mutual fund clients may be terminated by the clients, without penalty, upon no more than 60 days notice. Investment contracts with institutional and other clients are typically terminable by the client, also without penalty, upon 30 days notice.

Changes in these laws or regulations could have a material adverse impact on the profitability and mode of operations of the Company.

Our banking business is highly regulated which could limit or restrict our activities and impose financial requirements or limitations on the conduct of our business.

Bank holding companies and banks operate in a highly regulated environment and are subject to supervision and examination by federal and state regulatory agencies. We are subject to the Bank Holding Company Act and to regulation and supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Boston Private Bank, as a Massachusetts chartered trust company, the deposits of which are insured by the FDIC, is subject to regulation and supervision by the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks and the FDIC. Borel and FPB, as California banking corporations, are subject to regulation and supervision by the California Department of Financial Institutions and the FDIC. Gibraltar, as a federally chartered bank, is subject to regulation and supervision by the OTS.

Federal and state laws and regulations govern numerous matters including changes in the ownership or control of banks and bank holding companies, maintenance of adequate capital and the financial condition of a financial institution, permissible types, amounts and terms of extensions of credit and investments, permissible nonbanking activities, the level of reserves against deposits and restrictions on dividend

 

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payments. The FDIC, the OTS, the California Department of Financial Institutions and the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks possess cease and desist powers to prevent or remedy unsafe or unsound practices or violations of law by banks subject to their regulation, and the Federal Reserve Board possesses similar powers with respect to bank holding companies. These and other restrictions limit the manner in which our Banks and we may conduct business and obtain financing.

Furthermore, our banking business is affected by the monetary policies of the Federal Reserve Board. Changes in monetary or legislative policies may affect the interest rates our Banks must offer to attract deposits and the interest rates they must charge on their loans, as well as the manner in which they offer deposits and make loans. These monetary policies have had, and are expected to continue to have, significant effects on the operating results of depository institutions generally, including our Banks.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

There are no material unresolved written comments that were received from the SEC staff 180 days or more before the end of our fiscal year relating to our periodic or current reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The Company and its subsidiaries conduct operations primarily in leased premises. The Company’s and Boston Private Bank’s headquarters are located at Ten Post Office Square, Boston, MA. Boston Private Bank has nine offices in Massachusetts: four in Boston, one in Wellesley, one in Newton, one in Cambridge, one in Lexington, and one in Hingham. Boston Private is also leasing property in Beverly, MA which it plans on using for a new office in 2007. BPVI has two offices, one located in Boston, MA adjacent to the Company’s headquarters, and one it owns in Concord, NH. RINET is located in Boston, MA. Westfield is located in Boston, MA. Borel has four offices in California. Its main office is in San Mateo and its other offices are in Palo Alto, San Francisco, and Los Altos. Sand Hill is located in Palo Alto, CA adjacent to Borel’s Palo Alto office. FPB has seven offices in California. It’s main office is in Encino, and the other offices are in Burbank, two offices in Santa Monica including a trust department office, Westlake Village, Granada Hills (which it owns), and Rancho Cucamonga. DGHM has offices in New York City, NY and Naples, FL. KLS is located in New York City. Gibraltar has six offices in Florida. It’s main office is in Coral Gables, and the other offices are in South Miami, downtown Miami, Key Largo, Fort Lauderdale, and Naples. Gibraltar also has an office in New York City, NY. Anchor is located in Boston, MA.

Generally, the initial terms of the leases for these properties range from five to fifteen years. Most of the leases also include options to renew at fair market value for periods of five to ten years. In addition to minimum rentals, certain leases include escalation clauses based upon various price indices and include provisions for additional payments to cover taxes.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Investment Management Litigation

On May 3, 2002, the Retirement Board of Allegheny County filed a complaint in Pennsylvania state court against Westfield and Grant D. Kalson & Associates bringing breach of contract and other claims for an alleged “opportunity loss,” notwithstanding that the Fund administered by the Retirement Board grew substantially under Westfield’s and Kalson’s management. Westfield and Kalson have defended the claim vigorously and will continue to do so. Discovery was completed on August 1, 2005. The Plaintiff has initiated no activity on the case since the close of discovery, and Westfield intends to file a motion for summary judgment in due course.

 

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Trust Litigation

Since 1984, Borel has served as a trustee of a private family trust (“Family Trust”) that was a joint owner of certain real property known as the Guadalupe Oil Field. The field was leased for many years to Union Oil Company of California (d/b/a UNOCAL) for oil and gas production. Significant environmental contamination resulting from UNOCAL’s operations was found on the property in 1994. At that time Borel entered into negotiations to sell the property to UNOCAL, to settle UNOCAL’s liabilities to the Family Trust, and to obtain a comprehensive indemnity on the Trust’s behalf. Certain beneficiaries of the Family Trust brought a series of actions against Borel claiming that Borel had breached its fiduciary duties in managing the oil and gas leases and in negotiating with UNOCAL for settlement and for sale of the property. In the first lawsuit, the beneficiaries sought to remove Borel as trustee. Borel prevailed at trial and obtained final judgment in its favor, but the beneficiaries continued to pursue related litigation against Borel for many years afterwards. In 2002 Borel concluded a settlement with UNOCAL and sold the property to UNOCAL. In 2005 all of the parties, with one exception noted below, entered into a global settlement whereby UNOCAL agreed to pay the plaintiff beneficiaries certain amounts, and the beneficiaries dismissed all of their pending actions with prejudice, including all actions against Borel, which paid nothing in the settlement.

One beneficiary—a contingent remainder beneficiary—split with the other plaintiff beneficiaries in 2003, filed parallel actions in the state court against Borel, and refused to participate in the otherwise global settlement in 2005. The state court subsequently dismissed those parallel actions against Borel on the merits. The non-settling beneficiary, acting pro se, then filed a new action on June 24, 2005, in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. In this action, the non-settling beneficiary makes claims similar to those made in the earlier actions that were dismissed by the state court. He seeks to invalidate the settlement with UNOCAL, to compel the return of the Guadalupe Oil Field to the Family Trust, and to recover damages against Borel and others for alleged mismanagement. The complaint does not specify an amount of damages, but in the trial of the action to remove Borel as trustee in 1998, the then plaintiff beneficiaries submitted expert testimony to the effect that Borel’s actions had damaged the Family Trust in the amount of $102 million. The trial court found this testimony unpersuasive in that context, and Borel and the other defendants prevailed. In the current federal litigation, in November 2005 the court dismissed the entire action as to Borel based on the prior final judgments in the state court and on lack of federal jurisdiction. The non-settling beneficiary appealed from the judgment. The matter is now fully briefed, but the appellate court has not yet scheduled oral judgment.

Borel will continue to litigate these matters vigorously. While the ultimate outcome of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, at the present time, Borel’s management, based on consultation with legal counsel, believes there is no basis to conclude that liability with respect to this matter is probable or that such liability can be reasonably estimated.

Other

The Company is also involved in routine legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, final disposition of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

None.

 

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PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Market for Common Stock

The Company’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share (the “Common Stock”), is traded on the NASDAQ Global Market System (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol “BPFH.” At February 21, 2007 there were 36,746,272 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

The following table sets forth the high and low closing sale prices for the Company’s Common Stock for the periods indicated, as reported by NASDAQ:

 

     High    Low

Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2006

     

Fourth Quarter

   $ 28.76    $ 26.56

Third Quarter

     28.12      24.41

Second Quarter

     34.86      27.43

First Quarter

     34.09      29.14

Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2005

     

Fourth Quarter

   $ 31.80    $ 26.60

Third Quarter

     28.95      24.93

Second Quarter

     26.20      22.27

First Quarter

     28.25      23.68

Dividends

The Company presently plans to pay cash dividends on its Common Stock on a quarterly basis dependent upon the results of operations of the immediately preceding quarters. However, declaration of dividends by the Board of Directors of the Company will depend on a number of factors, including capital requirements, regulatory limitations, the Company’s operating results and financial condition and general economic conditions.

The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from its banking and other subsidiaries. These subsidiaries are the principal assets of the Company, and as such, provide the main source of payment of dividends by the Company. As to the payment of dividends, as discussed below, each of the Banks is subject to the laws and regulations of its chartering jurisdiction and to the regulations of its primary federal regulator. If the federal banking regulator determines that a depository institution under its jurisdiction is engaged in or is about to engage in an unsafe or unsound practice, the regulator may require, after notice and hearing, that the institution cease and desist from such practice. Depending on the financial condition of the depository institution, an unsafe or unsound practice could include the payment of dividends. The federal banking agencies have indicated that paying dividends that deplete a depository institution’s capital base to an inadequate level would be an unsafe and unsound banking practice. Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”), a depository institution may not pay any dividend if payment would cause it to become undercapitalized or if it already is undercapitalized. The federal agencies have also issued policy statements that provide that bank holding companies and insured banks should generally only pay dividends out of current operating earnings.

The Company paid dividends on its common stock of $0.32 and $0.28 in 2006 and 2005, respectively.

Under Massachusetts law, trust companies, such as Boston Private Bank, may pay dividends only out of “net profits” provided there is no impairment to the trust company’s capital stock and surplus account. Although Massachusetts law does not define what constitutes “net profits” it is generally assumed that the term includes a bank’s retained earnings and does not include its additional paid-in capital account. Furthermore, trust companies

 

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may not pay dividends more often than on a quarterly basis. In addition, prior Commissioner approval is required if the total of all dividends paid by a trust company in any calendar year would exceed net profits for that year combined with retained net profits for the previous two years, less any required transfer to surplus or a fund for the retirement of any preferred stock. Likewise under California law, the Department of Financial Institutions (the “DFI”) has the authority to prohibit Borel and FPB from paying dividends depending on Borel’s and FPB’s financial condition, respectively, if such payment is deemed to constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. Furthermore, under OTS regulations, the OTS has the authority to prohibit Gibraltar from paying dividends if the OTS concludes that the payment of such dividends reduces Gibraltar’s capital below its minimum capital requirements, violates a statute, regulation, regulatory agreement or regulatory condition to which Gibraltar is subject or would otherwise constitute an unsafe or unsound banking practice.

These restrictions on the Banks’ ability to pay dividends to the Company may restrict the ability of the Company to pay dividends to the holders of the Common Stock. The payment of dividends by Boston Private and the Banks may also be affected or limited by other factors, such as the requirement to maintain adequate capital above regulatory guidelines. There are no such comparable statutory restrictions on Westfield’s, Sand Hill’s, BPVI’s, RINET’s, DGHM’s, KLS’s and Anchor’s ability to pay dividends.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

See Part III, Item 12 “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.”

Issuer Repurchases

None.

 

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table represents selected financial data for the five fiscal years ended December 31. The data set forth below does not purport to be complete. It should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the more detailed information, including the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes, appearing elsewhere herein.

 

     2006     2005*     2004*     2003*(3)     2002*  
     (In thousands, except share data)  

At December 31:

          

Total balance sheet assets

   $ 5,763,544     $ 5,118,568     $ 3,274,421     $ 2,202,802     $ 1,826,360  

Total loans (excluding loans held for sale)

     4,311,252       3,624,240       2,248,600       1,612,564       1,301,726  

Allowance for loan losses

     43,387       37,607       25,021       17,761       15,163  

Investment securities

     537,807       557,142       539,103       396,746       322,734  

Cash and cash equivalents

     239,396       372,316       128,914       93,488       97,529  

Goodwill and intangible assets

     460,964       384,407       187,163       20,318       18,007  

Deposits

     4,077,831       3,748,141       2,386,368       1,658,461       1,400,333  

Borrowed funds

     914,529       703,379       474,171       263,620       218,389  

Stockholders’ equity

     635,197       539,348       326,534       239,546       171,113  

Non-performing assets

     10,549       7,900       1,514       1,311       1,057  

Client assets under management and advisory

   $ 29,824,000     $ 21,339,000     $ 19,306,000     $ 10,966,000     $ 6,441,000  

For The Year Ended December 31:

          

Interest and dividend income

   $ 300,032     $ 189,990     $ 120,645     $ 92,680     $ 90,293  

Interest expense

     126,519       61,251       32,066       24,915       26,265  
                                        

Net interest income

     173,513       128,739       88,579       67,765       64,028  

Provision for loan losses

     6,179       5,438       4,285       2,631       2,330  
                                        

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

     167,334       123,301       84,294       65,134       61,698  

Fees and other income

     171,341       134,587       108,213       65,867       51,868  

Operating expense and minority interest

     254,148       188,781       144,472       100,114       83,007  
                                        

Income before income taxes

     84,527       69,107       48,035       30,887       30,559  

Income tax expense

     30,154       25,561       16,802       11,442       9,485  
                                        

Net income

   $ 54,373     $ 43,546     $ 31,233     $ 19,445     $ 21,074  
                                        

Per Share Data:

          

Basic earnings per share

   $ 1.53     $ 1.48     $ 1.14     $ 0.85     $ 0.94  

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.43     $ 1.38     $ 1.10     $ 0.82     $ 0.90  

Average basic common shares outstanding

     35,452,880       29,425,157       27,313,171       22,954,937       22,412,665  

Average diluted common shares outstanding

     40,089,380       33,824,717       29,024,520       23,779,934       23,357,066  

Cash dividends per share

   $ 0.32     $ 0.28     $ 0.24     $ 0.20     $ 0.16  

Book value

   $ 17.36     $ 15.50     $ 11.81     $ 9.52     $ 7.59  

Selected Operating Ratios:

          

Return on average assets

     1.02 %     1.13 %     1.10 %     0.95 %     1.26 %

Return on average equity

     9.27 %     11.23 %     10.61 %     10.84 %     13.63 %

Interest rate spread(1)

     3.27 %     3.48 %     3.33 %     3.35 %     3.80 %

Net interest margin(1)

     3.84 %     3.88 %     3.61 %     3.64 %     4.19 %

Total fees and other income/total revenue(2)

     49.69 %     51.11 %     54.99 %     49.37 %     44.75 %

Asset Quality Ratios:

          

Non-accrual loans to total loans

     0.23 %     0.22 %     0.05 %     0.08 %     0.08 %

Non-performing assets to total assets

     0.18 %     0.15 %     0.05 %     0.06 %     0.06 %

Other Ratios:

          

Dividend payout ratio

     20.92 %     18.92 %     21.05 %     23.53 %     17.02 %

Average equity to average assets ratio

     11.04 %     10.02 %     10.35 %     8.75 %     9.24 %

 

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 * Adjusted to include the impact of stock-based compensation, see Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in Note 17: Employee Benefits” to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company for additional information.
(1) Interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets on a fully-taxable equivalent basis, and the weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities, and net interest margin represents net interest income on a fully-taxable equivalent basis as a percent of average interest-earning assets.
(2) Total revenue is defined as net interest income plus fees and other income.
(3) Net income for 2003 was reduced by $3.0 million, or $0.12 per diluted share, for the REIT tax adjustment and the lease accrual described in Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s December 31, 2005 Form 10-K. Return on average assets and return on average equity were also reduced.

 

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements, the notes thereto, and other statistical information included in this annual report.

I. Executive Summary

The Company is a wealth management company that offers comprehensive financial services to high net worth individuals, families, businesses, and select institutions through its 9 wholly-owned and 2 majority-owned subsidiaries. The Company offers a full range of wealth management services through three core financial disciplines: private banking, wealth advisory, and investment management. Within the private banking discipline, the operating segments are Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, and Gibraltar. Within the wealth advisory and investment management disciplines, the operating segments are Westfield, DGHM, Sand Hill, BPVI, KLS, RINET, and Anchor. The Company also owns a minority interest in BOS and Coldstream Holdings. This Executive Summary provides an overview of the most significant aspects of our operations in 2006. Details of the matters addressed in this summary are provided elsewhere in this document and, in particular, in the sections immediately following.

Boston Private’s strategy remains to strive for exceptional shareholder value by providing a full complement of wealth management services through diversified affiliated companies. The Company typically seeks entry into geographically and demographically attractive areas through acquisitions and focuses on the organic growth of its entities.

In the past two years the Company has acquired two entities. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 2: Mergers and Acquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information. The combined financial results of these acquired entities have had a significant impact on our 2006 results of operations and should be considered in comparing the Company’s results of operations. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 5: Business Segments to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for revenue and expense information. The following table provides additional detail for these acquisitions.

 

Name of Acquisition

  

Acquisition Date

  

Total

Assets at
acquisition(1)

  

Assets

under
Management and
Advisory

at acquisition

Gibraltar

   October 1, 2005    $ 1.1 Billion    $ 707 Million

Anchor

   June 1, 2006    $ 7.7 Million    $ 5.4 Billion

(1) Excludes the effects of purchase accounting.

At December 31, 2006 the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries managed or advised $29.8 billion in client assets under management and had balance sheet assets of approximately $5.8 billion.

In 2006, through growth in its organic business efforts, and acquisitions, the Company earned revenues of $344.9 million, an increase of 31.0% over revenues of $263.3 million in 2005. Total operating expenses, including minority interest, was $254.1 million, an increase of 34.6% over operating expenses, including minority interest, of $188.8 million in 2005. Net income for 2006 was $54.4 million, or $1.43 per diluted share, compared to net income in 2005 of $43.5 million, or $1.38 per diluted share.

There were a number of significant factors in 2006 that impacted Boston Private’s financial and operational results. The following are the most important factors. The acquisition of Anchor on June 1, 2006, which added

 

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$5.4 billion in client assets managed at the time of acquisition, further diversified the Company’s revenue stream by entering into the separately managed account business. We benefited from the full year impact on net income from the 4th quarter 2005 acquisition of Gibraltar. Strong equity markets helped to increase assets under management (“AUM”), although the Company experienced significant outflows in one of the investment products at DGHM. The flat to inverted yield curve as well as the competitive market for deposits caused net interest margin compression at our Banks. The Company’s investments in new wealth management offices in Massachusetts, New York, Florida and California increased operating expenses and will continue to reduce net income in the short-term until the new offices can grow loans and deposits to a level to support the fixed operating costs.

The following table illustrates the Company’s revenue growth in each financial core discipline.

 

Discipline

  

Revenue

2006

  

Revenue

2005

   %
Increase
 

Private Banking

   $ 218.9 Million    $ 160.4 Million    36.4 %

Investment Management

   $ 116.8 Million    $ 90.2 Million    29.5 %

Wealth Advisory

   $ 20.8 Million    $ 19.1 Million    8.8 %

The Banks also provide investment advisory and or trust services and the revenue for this is included with Private Banking in the above table.

The Company’s private banking discipline was impacted in 2006 by a challenging interest rate environment. For most of 2006, the yield curve was either flat or inverted, putting pressure on the Banks’ net interest margin. Also, due to the strong loan growth outpacing deposit growth, the Banks funded the new loans by initially decreasing liquidity and then by adding additional FHLB borrowings which generally are more costly than deposits.

Net interest income increased 34.8% to $173.5 million versus $128.7 million in 2005. The $44.8 million increase in net interest income in 2006 is the net result of $54.4 million in increased business volumes, net of $9.6 million of increased cost of funds, which was partially offset by an increased yield on earning assets. The Company’s net interest margin, on a fully-taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis, decreased 4 basis points to 3.84% in 2006 from 3.88% in 2005.

The Company believes that the primary interest rate risk is a prolonged flat or inverted yield curve which could lead to continued net interest margin compression at the Banks. A flat yield curve exists when there is little or no difference between short-term and long-term yields on loans and investments. An inverted yield curve exists when short-term yields are higher than long-term yields. Generally, the Banks pay deposit rates based on the short end of the yield curve and many loans and investments are priced at rates based on the long end of the yield curve. When the yield curve flattens or inverts, it compresses the Banks’ net interest margin. The Banks prefer to operate in an interest rate environment with a positive yield curve, i.e. short-term yields are lower than long-term yields.

Although the Company’s investment management discipline was faced with significant outflows in one of our investment products at DGHM (see II. Key Business Lines—Investment Management for additional details), we were able to benefit from increased performance fees at both Westfield and DGHM, market appreciation, and increased client assets under management driven by the Anchor acquisition. The Company’s client assets under management and advisory increased in 2006 to $29.8 billion from $21.3 billion in 2005, an increase of $8.5 billion, or 39.8%. Including the Company’s unconsolidated affiliates, Coldstream Holdings and BOS, total client assets under management and advisory increased to $32.7 billion, or 38.2%, versus 2005 year end levels. Of the $8.5 billion increase in assets under management and advisory noted above, approximately $3.4 billion resulted from overall market appreciation, $5.4 billion from the acquisition of Anchor, slightly offset by net outflows of $357 million from the affiliate firms. Excluding the net outflows at DGHM, the Company had positive organic net new flows of approximately $957 million.

 

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The future growth in the investment management business line is primarily dependent upon the ability of our investment management firms to increase their AUM. Management fees are usually calculated as a percentage of AUM. Changes in AUM have an impact on revenues and earnings. Growth in AUM comes from net new business and changes in market values of the investments. Net new business includes new AUM, including net contributions to existing accounts, less lost accounts. The investment management firms generally have the ability to select the investments they manage so they have some control over changes in market value but they are not immune to changes in the market as a whole. Increases and decreases in market values can have a significant impact on AUM, related revenues and earnings.

Income tax expense was $30.2 million in 2006, reflecting an effective tax rate of 35.7%. Income tax expense for 2005 was $25.6 million, reflecting an effective tax rate of 37.0%. The effective tax rate was lower in 2006 due to changes in state income apportionment, successful settlement of an outstanding state tax issue and a change in investment strategy resulting in additional tax free income from bank owned life insurance. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 16: Income Taxes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information.

The return on average assets decreased 11 basis points to 1.02% for the year ended December 31, 2006, compared to 1.13% for the year ended December 31, 2005. Average assets increased $1.4 billion, or 37.3%, from $3.9 billion to $5.3 billion during 2006.

The return on average equity was 9.27% for the year ended December 31, 2006, a decrease of 196 basis points from 11.23% for the year ended December 31, 2005. Average equity increased 51.2% during 2006 to $586.5 million. The increase in the average equity is primarily due to purchase method accounting, common stock issued in the Gibraltar and Anchor acquisitions, and net income. Purchase method accounting requires recognition of goodwill and intangibles, increasing both assets and equity. The amortization of these intangibles reduces earnings.

On June 1, 2006 the Company successfully completed the acquisition of an 80% profits interests in each of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell. The acquisition was effected through the establishment of Anchor, a newly created holding company that owns an 80% profits interests in each of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell. The Company owns 100% of Anchor and the financial results of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell are consolidated for financial reporting purposes. The acquisition gives the Company access to the rapidly growing SMA market, expands the Company’s investment value disciplines and enhances asset allocation services within the Company. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 2: Mergers and Acquisitions to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information.

Management will continue to focus on identifying attractive acquisition candidates in areas where the Company can build regional platforms from which to serve the targeted client base. The Company will continue to look at acquisition targets with an eye towards further geographic and business line diversification. By diversifying geographically, the Company mitigates the impact of regional economic risks. By diversifying by revenue stream between the three distinct lines of business, the Company expects to achieve more stable revenue and earnings. In evaluating any acquisition, management will consider the types of assets under management or advisory and the diversifying impact a potential acquisition may have on our existing investment management concentrations.

II. Key Business Lines

The underlying drivers of revenue growth in the Company’s business are growth in our private banking, investment management and wealth advisory business lines. The following analysis discusses business metrics that management considers to be the most important indicators of the financial performance of the Company’s lines of business.

 

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Private Banking

In 2006, the Company conducted its private banking business through four wholly-owned subsidiaries. The following table shows a summary of certain financial components of these four banks at December 31, 2006.

 

     Total   

Boston
Private

Bank

   Borel    FPB    Gibraltar
     (In thousands)

Assets

   $ 5,456,750    $ 2,455,651    $ 965,296    $ 552,844    $ 1,482,959

Loans

     4,307,555      1,784,579      888,147      417,852      1,216,977

Deposits

     4,099,129      1,822,304      865,025      459,413      952,387

Net Income during the year

     48,991      19,246      13,611      7,439      8,695

The Company believes private banking is an attractive growth market and in 2006 realized 53.8% of its revenues from private banking net interest income. The Company believes net interest income, net interest margin, deposit growth, loan growth and loan quality are the important business metrics in evaluating the condition of its private banking business.

Net Interest Income. For 2006, the Company’s net interest income increased $44.8 million to $173.5 million, a 34.8% increase. On a FTE basis, net interest income increased by 34.3%, or $45.8 million, to $179.3 million, compared to $133.5 million in 2005. This growth in net interest income was accomplished through growing the Company’s loan portfolio with proceeds from increased deposits, additional borrowings and reduced investments and federal funds sold. The acquisition of Gibraltar in the fourth quarter of 2005 contributed to this growth as well. The $44.8 million increase in net interest income in 2006 is the net result of $54.4 million in increased business volumes, (change in average balance multiplied by the prior year average interest rate) net of a $9.6 million rate change due to an increased cost of funds, (change in average interest rate multiplied by the prior year average balance) which was partially offset by an increased yield on assets.

Net Interest Margin. On a FTE basis net interest margin declined 4 basis points to 3.84% for 2006 compared to 3.88% for 2005. This decrease in net interest margin was due to several factors. The competitive market for deposits caused the Banks to have to increase rates paid significantly to attract new deposits and retain current deposits. The strong growth in loans, as compared to deposits, required the Banks to increase FHLB borrowings which generally have higher rates than deposits. The interest expense incurred on the additional trust preferred debt in 2006 had approximately a 28 basis point negative impact on the net interest margin in 2006.

Deposits. In 2006, the Company’s deposits grew $329.7 million, or 8.8%, to $4.1 billion from $3.7 billion in 2005. The cost of deposits increased 115 basis points to 2.92% during 2006 due to the mix of deposits and the rates paid on interest bearing deposit accounts and certificates of deposit due to the rise in short-term interest rates. The increase in deposits can be attributed to organic growth and the opening of new private banking offices. The low growth rate of deposits compared to our historical average can be attributed to increased competition and, in some instances, customers moving a portion of their deposits to higher yielding money market mutual funds.

Loans. In 2006, the Company’s loan portfolio increased $687.0 million, or 19.0%, to $4.3 billion, as compared to $3.6 billion in 2005.

The commercial loan portfolio increased $303.5 million, or 19.4%. The increase in the commercial loan portfolio was due to a combination of the experienced loan officers at our Banks, the favorable economy, and the new banking offices.

The construction loan portfolio increased $153.3 million, or 32.0%. The increase in the construction loan portfolio is affected by the demand and the market for new construction which is highly dependent upon the local economies that each of our Bank’s operate in.

 

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The residential loan portfolio increased $208.4 million, or 15.6%. The Banks generally keep variable rate residential loans originated in their portfolios and sell fixed rate loan originations in the secondary market. The increase in the residential loans is impacted by the mix between fixed and variable rate loan originations and the level of current customers refinancing their mortgage with a competitor.

The home equity and consumer loan portfolio increased $21.9 million, or 8.9%. The home equity and consumer loan portfolio is a small percentage of the overall loan portfolio. The balance of this category is primarily influenced by the amount of usage of customers home equity lines of credit. Generally, there is a substantial portion of available credit on unused lines of credit.

Loan Quality. The Company considers credit quality to be an extremely important priority in managing the Company’s loan portfolio. At the end of 2006, the ratio of non-accrual loans to total loans was 0.23% compared to 0.22% at the end of 2005. The allowance for loan losses to total loans was 1.01% at the end of 2006 compared to 1.04% at the end of 2005. The total allowance for loan losses at the end of 2006 is $43.4 million, representing coverage of 4.34 times our non-accrual loans of $10.0 million. This allowance is in line with the Company’s loan growth for the period and consistent with the Company’s methodology. In 2006, the Company had net loan charge-offs of $399 thousand.

Investment Management

The Company wholly-owns or majority-owns five investment management firms: Westfield, BPVI, DGHM, Sand Hill, and Anchor. In addition, the Banks have similar investment management divisions. RINET and KLS provide wealth advisory as well as some investment management services however; their revenues are included in wealth advisory fees in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Wealth advisory revenues are typically less sensitive to market value fluctuations in the capital markets. For 2006, the Company’s revenues from investment management fees of $137.7 million were 39.9% of total revenues of $344.9 million.

Investment Management Fees. The company’s investment management revenues are generally determined by the amount of our AUM and to a lesser extent, the investment performance on certain products that have performance fee arrangements. Our investment management firms directly manage their AUM. These firms manage separate accounts for high net worth individuals, foundations and endowments, ERISA, public, and corporate funds. In 2006, total investment management fees were $137.7 million, up 30.1% from $105.9 million in 2005. Incentive performance fees are not recognized until any contingencies in the contract that could require the performance fee to be reduced have been eliminated. A significant portion of performance fees are paid to the portfolio managers. During 2006, the Company recorded performance fees of approximately $4.3 million compared to approximately $1.6 million in 2005. These amounts are included in total investment management fees above.

The company may also receive hedge fund incentive fees from its management and ownership of certain hedge funds. These fees are generally contingent upon investment performance in excess of certain benchmarks. These fees are included in “Earnings in Equity Investments” and were approximately $1.3 million for 2006 and approximately $722 thousand for 2005. A significant portion of these fees are paid to the portfolio managers.

The individual billing practices of the Company’s firms may impact the level of investment management fees earned in rising or falling markets. Anchor, BPVI, and Sand Hill bill quarterly in advance, while the remainder of the firms bill quarterly in arrears. Investment management fees billed in advance will not reflect subsequent changes in the market value of AUM for that period, while fees billed in arrears will reflect changes in the market value of AUM for that period.

Assets Under Management. The Company measures the level of AUM each reporting period to monitor how net flows and market value changes impact current and future revenues. Each individual firm measures AUM for billing purposes and provides data related to net flows and market value changes to the Company’s management. Certain estimates and allocations are made by the firms in providing this data to the Company’s management.

 

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Boston Private’s growth in AUM and advisory in 2006 was strong. The Company’s AUM and advisory for 2006 was $29.8 billion, up 39.8% over 2005. The components of this growth and the impact of new business acquisitions on AUM and advisory can be seen in the table below:

 

     2006     2005  
     AUM    

% of Beg.

AUM

    AUM   

% of Beg.

AUM

 
     (In millions)  

Consolidated AUM and advisory at beginning of year

   $ 21,339       $ 19,306   

Net new business

     (357 )   (1.7 )%     78    0.4 %

Market appreciation

     3,412     16.0 %     1,248    6.5 %

Acquisitions

     5,430     25.4 %     707    3.6 %
                   

Total increase for the year

     8,485     39.8 %     2,033    10.5 %
                   

Consolidated AUM and advisory at December 31, 2006

   $ 29,824       $ 21,339   

Unconsolidated affiliate AUM and advisory:

     2,867         2,315   
                   

Total AUM and advisory including unconsolidated affiliates

   $ 32,691       $ 23,654   
                   

Net New Business. New assets under management, which include new investment management accounts and net new contributions to existing investment management accounts, less lost accounts, for 2006 decreased $357 million, or 1.7%, over AUM at December 31, 2005. Included in this amount is gross new business of approximately $2.3 billion, offset by lost business and net client withdrawals of approximately $2.6 billion. During 2006, each of the Company’s banks and investment managers recorded gross new sales.

Market Impact. The table below highlights the composition of AUM from nine of our firms that offer investment management services, excluding intercompany assets under subadvisory at DGHM and Sand Hill as of December 31, 2006. This table does not reflect the assets under advisory for our two wealth advisory affiliates, KLS and RINET. Combined, these affiliates have approximately $5.0 billion of assets under advisory, representing 16.7% of total consolidated AUM and advisory at year end.

 

     Growth     Value     Balanced     Fixed Income     Alternative     Total
     (In millions)

Boston Private Bank

   $ —      —       $ —      —       $ 1,667    70.4 %   $ 493    20.8 %   $ 209    8.8 %   $ 2,369

Borel

     193    26.4 %     —      —         —      —         175    23.9 %     363    49.7 %     731

Westfield

     9,190    91.0 %     —      —         231    2.3 %     11    0.1 %     670    6.6 %     10,102

DGHM

     —      —         2,115    92.2 %     —      —         123    5.4 %     57    2.5 %     2,295

Sand Hill

     166    16.3 %     31    3.0 %     280    27.4 %     483    47.3 %     61    6.0 %     1,021

BPVI

     —      —         792    82.4 %     —      —         169    17.6 %     —      —         961

Gibraltar

     100    11.0 %     75    8.3 %     121    13.3 %     484    53.4 %     127    14.0 %     907

Anchor

     40    0.6 %     4,808    74.6 %     1,153    17.9 %     80    1.2 %     363    5.6 %     6,444

FPB

     —      —         —      —         1    20.0 %     4    80.0 %     —      —         5
                                                                       

Total

   $ 9,689    39.0 %   $ 7,821    31.5 %   $ 3,453    13.9 %   $ 2,022    8.1 %   $ 1,850    7.5 %   $ 24,835
                                                                       

During 2006, the S&P 500 Index appreciated 13.6%. This had a positive impact on our overall consolidated AUM due to the concentration of our AUM in the growth and value categories. Accordingly, any change in the stock market will have a significant impact on the value of the AUM and the related management fees, the majority of which are calculated as a percentage of AUM. The favorable market conditions in 2006 increased asset values by $3.4 billion, or 16.0%, for the year.

 

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Acquisition of Assets. From time to time the Company acquires assets through acquisition of an investment management or wealth advisory business and through the hiring of senior professionals who bring assets to the Boston Private organization. The Company acquired approximately $5.4 billion in investment management assets in 2006, related to the acquisition of Anchor, which increased AUM and advisory by 25.4%.

Investment Performance. Investment performance is an important driver of new business growth and client retention.

During the year the Company enhanced its product mix and gained a national distribution channel though the acquisition of Anchor. As a well established mid-cap equity value manager, Anchor provides the Company with access to the rapidly growing SMA market segment. Under the SMA program Anchor provides investment management services to individual clients through relationships with approximately 22 broker/sponsors. Anchor experienced robust asset growth in the seven month period post acquisition, as AUM increased approximately $1 billion or 18.7%. This growth is due to both positive net asset flows and strong market performance. Post acquisition, Anchor earned revenues of approximately $16.7 million in 2006.

Westfield logged a strong year as AUM grew approximately $1.8 billion, or 21.3%, and ended the year at approximately $10.1 billion. Revenues increased approximately $8.9 million, or 17.5%, to $58.7 million in 2006. Westfield experienced positive net asset flows during the year, but most of the asset growth was driven by strong market performance.

DGHM experienced significant net asset outflows late in the year driven mostly by less than satisfactory investment performance in the small-cap equity category. In addition, in the fourth quarter a key employee left the firm. Annual impairment testing was conducted in the fourth quarter of 2006 and the Company concluded that no impairment existed at December 31, 2006, not withstanding the significant outflows and the loss of the key personnel. See Item 1 A. Risk Factors and Critical Accounting Policies for additional information.

There was a slight decrease in year over year investment management fee income at DGHM; however the impact of the net outflows will be greater on 2007 revenues due to timing. Management is focused on enhancing its investment process, expects to launch a mutual fund in early 2007, and initiated an agreement with an independent sales and marketing contractor. DGHM has also reorganized its executive management structure to include an executive in charge of new marketing initiatives and also plans to hire an additional investment professional.

Wealth Advisory

Boston Private wholly owns or majority owns two wealth advisory firms, RINET and KLS. These firms offer wealth advisory capabilities which Boston Private considers to be an important component of the Company’s regionally based wealth management strategy. Wealth advisory adds profitable fee income to Boston Private’s revenue base that is more resistant to fluctuations in market conditions in comparison to investment management businesses since financial planning fees are usually not tied to the market value of assets under management. The firms offer an open architecture approach and capabilities including tax planning and preparation, asset allocation, estate planning, charitable planning and planning for employment benefits, including 401(k) plans, alternative investment analysis and mutual fund investing. Wealth Advisory fees were 6.0% of the Company’s 2006 revenues and increased approximately $1.7 million, or 8.8%, over 2005.

III. Growth

Boston Private pursues growth opportunities in the following target markets.

High Net Worth Households. Boston Private considers high net worth households to be those with at least $2 million of investable assets. Boston Private considers these high net worth individuals and their families to be newly affluent, with wealth created after World War II, and/or wealth in transition where control of family

 

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wealth has recently been passed to the next generation, and/or established wealth where families have been preserving wealth over generations.

Institutions & Intermediaries. Boston Private considers corporate defined benefit plans, defined contribution plans, profit sharing plans, and subadvisory relationships to be attractive target clients in the institutional marketplace. Additionally, our affiliates also target small businesses with approximately $5 million to $100 million in annual sales. Key intermediaries include lawyers, venture capital firms and accountants as they provide access to clients who, by nature of their businesses, often require complex and comprehensive financial services.

Foundations & Endowments. Boston Private considers private/public foundations and endowments of at least $5 million to be attractive clients to target for wealth management services. In addition to servicing the foundations and endowments directly, the Company seeks to access additional high net worth individuals that manage and advise these organizations.

Boston Private’s mission is to build a national wealth management enterprise that delivers a comprehensive set of financial services on a regional platform. To achieve these results, the Company has identified three key growth objectives.

Growth by Acquisitions. The Company has identified top geographies in the United States where it plans to form clusters of financial services companies that meet the private banking, investment management and wealth advisory requirements of the wealth management marketplace. The Company’s bank supervisory and regulatory authorities regulate any acquisitions the Company seeks to make, and in many cases, approval by these authorities is required prior to the consummation of such acquisitions.

Organic Growth. Net new sales are critical to each affiliate achieving its growth goals. By investing in additional capabilities that add to core strengths, Boston Private and its affiliates are focused on building critical mass within each regional cluster and investing in activities that promote organic growth, such as adding complementary products/services. Where possible, the Company will seek to capitalize on synergies and cross selling opportunities within these regional clusters, but these efforts are not expected to be critical drivers of the Company’s growth.

Affiliate Management by Boston Private. The management of Boston Private has structured the governance of its affiliate enterprise to promote autonomy and independence in its affiliates. The Company expects each affiliate to meet the highest level of corporate governance mandates and expects each affiliate to adhere to the operational standards of the highly regulated financial services industry.

IV. Financial Condition

A. Liquidity

Liquidity is defined as the Company’s ability to generate cash adequate to meet its needs for day-to-day operations and material long and short-term commitments. The Company manages its liquidity based on demand, commitments, specific events and uncertainties to meet current and future financial obligations of a short-term nature. The Company’s objective in managing liquidity is to respond to the needs of depositors and borrowers as well as to earnings enhancement opportunities in a changing marketplace.

Management is responsible for establishing and monitoring liquidity targets as well as strategies to meet these targets. In general, the Company maintains a relatively high degree of liquidity. At December 31, 2006, consolidated cash and cash equivalents and securities available-for-sale amounted to $763 million, or 13.2% of total assets of the Company.

Liquidity at the Holding Company should also be considered separately from the consolidated liquidity as there are restrictions on the ability of the banking affiliates to distribute funds to the Holding Company. The

 

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Holding Company’s primary sources of funds are dividends from its subsidiaries, a $75 million committed line of credit with an unaffiliated bank, and access to the money and capital markets. The purpose of the line of credit is to provide short-term working capital to the Company and its subsidiaries, if necessary. The Company is required to maintain various loan covenants in conjunction with the revolving credit agreement. As of December 31, 2006, the Company was in compliance with these covenants and there were no outstanding borrowings under this line of credit. In the short-term, management anticipates the cost of borrowing under the line of credit will be lower than the cost of accessing the capital markets to issue additional common stock. However, it may be necessary to raise capital to meet regulatory requirements even though it would be less expensive to borrow the cash needed.

Dividends from the Banks are limited by various regulatory requirements relating to capital adequacy and retained earnings. See Item 5, “Dividends.” Management believes that the Company has adequate liquidity to meet its commitments for the foreseeable future.

Bank Liquidity. Boston Private Bank is a member of the FHLB of Boston, and as such, has access to both short and long-term FHLB borrowings. At December 31, 2006 Boston Private Bank had available credit of $253.4 million from the FHLB. Liquid assets (i.e. cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, and investment securities) totaled $569.6 million, which equals 24.8% of Boston Private Bank’s total liabilities and 23.2% of Boston Private Bank’s total assets. Management believes that Boston Private Bank has adequate liquidity to meet its commitments for the foreseeable future.

Borel is a member of the FHLB of San Francisco, and as such, has access to short and long-term borrowings from the FHLB. At December 31, 2006, Borel had available credit of $203.1 million from the FHLB. Borel manages its cash position in a manner that avoids reliance on short-term borrowings or brokered deposits. Concentrations of deposits from any one source are also avoided. At December 31, 2006, liquid assets, (i.e. cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, and investment securities) totaled $56.0 million, or 6.4% of Borel’s total liabilities and 5.8% of its total assets. Management believes that Borel has adequate liquidity to meet its commitments for the foreseeable future.

FPB is a member of the FHLB of San Francisco, and as such, has access to short and long-term borrowings from the FHLB. At December 31, 2006, FPB had available credit of $97.9 million from the FHLB. At December 31, 2006, liquid assets, (i.e. cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, and investment securities), totaled $88.1 million, or 19.0% of FPB’s total liabilities and 15.9% of its total assets. Management believes that FPB has adequate liquidity to meet its commitments for the foreseeable future.

Gibraltar is a member of the FHLB of Atlanta, and as such, has access to short and long-term borrowings from the FHLB. At December 31, 2006, Gibraltar had available credit of $277.3 million from the FHLB. At December 31, 2006, liquid assets, (i.e. cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, and investment securities), totaled $28.8 million, or 2.4% of Gibraltar’s total liabilities and 1.9% of its total assets. Management believes that Gibraltar has adequate liquidity to meet its commitments for the foreseeable future.

In addition to the above liquidity, the Banks have access to the Federal Reserve Banks’ Discount Window facility which can provide short term liquidity as “lender of last resort.”

Holding Company Liquidity. At December 31, 2006, the estimated cash payments accrued under deferred purchase obligations was approximately $10.0 million which is to be paid in 2007, 2008, and 2009. The timing of these payments varies depending on the specific terms of each business acquisition agreement. Variability exists in these estimated cash flows because certain payments may be based on amounts yet to be determined, such as earn out agreements that may be based on adjusted earnings, revenues or selected AUM.

Additionally, the Company along with DGHM, KLS and Anchor have put and call options that would require the Company to purchase (and DGHM, KLS and Anchor shareholders to sell) the remaining minority

 

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ownership interests in these three companies at the then fair market value. Future payments under these put and call options can not be estimated due to the unpredictability of exercises of those rights and fair market values at future dates.

The Company is required to pay interest quarterly on its trust preferred debt. The estimated cash outlay for the interest payments in 2007 is approximately $13.2 million. The Company presently plans to pay cash dividends on its common stock on a quarterly basis. Based on the current dividend rate, the Company estimates the amount to be paid out in 2007 for dividends to shareholders will be approximately $13.2 million.

Cash flow comparison for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $74.5 million and $95.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Cash flows from operating activities are generally the cash effects of transactions and other events that enter into the determination of net income. Cash provided by operating activities decreased $20.8 million from 2005 to 2006 due to lower net proceeds from the sale of mortgage loans, and other operating activities; partially offset by increases in net income and depreciation and amortization.

Net cash used in investing activities totaled $746.7 million and $455.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Investing activities of the Company include loan activities, investment activities and capital expenditures. The $291.4 million increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to increased growth of the Bank’s loan portfolio as compared to 2005, and cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired, which include payments in the Anchor acquisition and certain earn-out payments from prior acquisitions.

Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $539.3 million and $603.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The $ 64.2 million decrease in cash provided by financing activities was due to the proceeds from the trust preferred debt and the settlement of the Company’s forward sale agreement to fund the Gibraltar acquisition in 2005; slower growth in deposits and increased use of borrowings to fund a portion of the loan growth in 2006.

Cash flow comparison for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004

Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $95.2 million and $18.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Cash provided by operating activities increased $76.3 million from 2004 to 2005 primarily due to increased proceeds from the sale of mortgage loans. Proceeds from the sale of mortgage loans is primarily dependent upon customer demand for fixed rate loans as the Banks typically sell the majority of fixed rate residential mortgage loan originations. Also, the Company acquired FPB in 2004 and this added to the additional increase in proceeds from sale of mortgage loans.

Net cash used in investing activities totaled $455.3 million and $575.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The $120.4 million decrease in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to increased proceeds from the sale and maturities of investments, net of purchases, and a decrease in net cash paid for acquisitions. These were partially offset by increased growth in the Bank’s loan portfolios, as compared to the growth in 2004.

Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $603.5 million and $592.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase in cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to the proceeds from the common stock issuance in the Gibraltar acquisition in 2005 which were offset by decreased use of FHLB borrowings.

 

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Contractual obligations:

The schedules below present a detail of the maturities of the Company’s contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2006. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and supplementary Data—Notes 13 to 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for terms of borrowing arrangements and interest rates.

 

   

December 31, 2006

Payments Due by Period

    Total  

Less than 1

Year

 

1-3

Years

 

3-5

Years

 

More than 5

Years

    (In thousands)

Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings

  $ 602,903   $ 254,902   $ 125,972   $ 145,783   $ 76,246

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    77,605     77,605     —       —       —  

Junior subordinated debentures

    234,021     —       —       —       234,021

Operating lease obligations

    119,907     13,721     27,743     28,189     50,254

Deferred acquisition obligations (cash portion)

    9,987     3,484     6,503     —       —  

Bonus and commissions

    39,781     37,181     1,600     1,000     —  

Data processing

    11,208     3,978     4,985     2,245     —  

Other long-term obligations

    27,637     2,197     101     —       25,339
                             

Total contractual obligations at December 31, 2006

  $ 1,123,049   $ 393,068   $ 166,904   $ 177,217   $ 385,860
                             

The amounts below related to commitments to originate loans, unused lines of credit, and letters of credit are at the discretion of the customer and may never actually be drawn upon. The contractual amount of the Company’s financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk are as follows:

 

   

December 31, 2006

Payments Due by Period

    Total  

Less than 1

Year

 

1-3

Years

 

3-5

Years

 

More than 5

Years

    (In thousands)

Unadvanced portion of loans, unused lines of credit, and commitments to originate loans

  $ 1,210,512   $ 954,818   $ 146,113   $ 8,336   $ 101,245

Letters of credit

    38,532     37,254     1,278     —       —  

Forward commitments to sell loans

    33,854     33,854     —       —       —  
                             

Total commitments

  $ 1,282,898   $ 1,025,926   $ 147,391   $ 8,336   $ 101,245
                             

B. Capital Resources

Total stockholders’ equity of the Company at December 31, 2006 was $635.2 million, compared to $539.3 million at December 31, 2005, an increase of $95.9 million. The increase was primarily the result of our common stock issued in connection with the acquisition of Anchor, combined with our current year earnings, proceeds from options exercised including tax benefits, if any, common stock issued in connection with stock grants to employees, common stock issued for contingent payments on acquisitions, and the change in accumulated other comprehensive income. These increases were partially offset by dividends paid to stockholders.

As a bank holding company, the Company is subject to a number of regulatory capital requirements that have been adopted by the Federal Reserve Board. At December 31, 2006, the Company’s Tier I leverage capital ratio stood at 8.22%, compared to 7.64% at December 31, 2005. The Company is also subject to a risk-based capital measure. The risk-based capital guidelines include both a definition of capital and a framework for calculating risk-weighted assets by assigning balance sheet assets and off-balance sheet items to broad risk categories. At December 31, 2006, the Company had a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 10.70% compared to

 

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10.57% at December 31, 2005. The Company had a Total risk-based capital ratio of 12.24% at December 31, 2006, compared to 13.14% at December 31, 2005. The minimum Tier I leverage, Tier I risk-based, and Total risk-based capital ratios necessary to enable the Company to be classified for regulatory purposes as a “well capitalized” institution are 5.00%, 6.00% and 10.00%, respectively. The Company was considered to be “well capitalized” as of December 31, 2006 and 2005. See Part I, Item 1, “Business—Bank Regulatory Considerations—Certain Restrictions on Activities and Operations of Boston Private—Capital Requirements.”

The decrease in the Company’s Total risk-based capital ratio, as compared to the prior year-end, resulted from the strong asset growth at the Banks and goodwill and intangibles recorded on the Company’s minority interests in BOS and Coldstream Capital. These items were partially offset by increases in equity in 2006 resulting from the common stock issued in the Anchor acquisition, net income, and stock option exercises.

At December 31, 2006, Boston Private Bank’s Tier I leverage capital ratio stood at 6.78%, compared to 6.54% at December 31, 2005. Boston Private Bank had a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 10.15% and a Total risk-based capital ratio of 11.40% at December 31, 2006. This compares to a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 9.90% and a Total risk-based capital ratio of 11.15% at December 31, 2005. Boston Private Bank was considered to be “well capitalized” as of December 31, 2006 and 2005.

At December 31, 2006, Borel’s Tier I leverage capital ratio stood at 9.60%, compared to 9.02% at December 31, 2005. Borel had a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 9.74% and a Total risk-based capital ratio of 10.89% at December 31, 2006. This compares to a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 10.17% and a Total risk-based capital ratio of 11.42% at December 31, 2005. Borel was considered to be “well capitalized” as of December 31, 2006 and 2005.

At December 31, 2006, FPB’s Tier I leverage capital ratio stood at 9.94%, compared to 9.22% at December 31, 2005. FPB had a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 10.74% and a Total risk-based capital ratio of 11.90% at December 31, 2006. This compares to a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 10.66% and a Total risk-based capital ratio of 11.86% at December 31, 2005. FPB was considered to be “well capitalized” as of December 31, 2006 and 2005.

At December 31, 2006, Gibraltar’s Tier I leverage capital ratio stood at 7.51% compared to 7.59% at December 31, 2005. Gibraltar had a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 9.89% and a Total risk-based capital ratio of 11.06% at December 31, 2006. This compares to a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 10.28% and a Total risk-based capital ratio of 11.41% at December 31, 2005. Gibraltar was considered to be “well capitalized” as of December 31, 2006 and 2005.

 

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C. Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and Discussion

 

     December 31,             
     2006    2005*   

Increase/

(Decrease)

    %
Change
 
     (In thousands)  

Assets:

          

Total cash and investments

   $ 817,299    $ 957,176    $ (139,877 )   (14.6 )%

Loans held for sale

     5,224      12,883      (7,659 )   (59.5 )%

Total loans

     4,311,252      3,624,240      687,012     19.0 %

Less: allowance for loan losses

     43,387      37,607      5,780     15.4 %
                            

Net loans

     4,267,865      3,586,633      681,232     19.0 %

Goodwill and intangible assets

     460,964      384,407      76,557     19.9 %

Other assets

     212,192      177,469      34,723     19.6 %
                            

Total assets

   $ 5,763,544    $ 5,118,568    $ 644,976     12.6 %
                            

Liabilities and Equity:

          

Deposits

   $ 4,077,831    $ 3,748,141    $ 329,690     8.8 %

Total borrowings

     914,529      703,379      211,150     30.0 %

Other liabilities

     135,987      127,700      8,287     6.5 %
                            

Total liabilities

     5,128,347      4,579,220      549,127     12.0 %

Total stockholders’ equity

     635,197      539,348      95,849     17.8 %
                            

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 5,763,544    $ 5,118,568    $ 644,976     12.6 %
                            
* Adjusted to include the impact of stock-based compensation expense.

Total Assets. Total assets increased $645.0 million, or 12.6%, to $5.8 billion at December 31, 2006 from $5.1 billion at December 31, 2005. The acquisition of Anchor in 2006 increased total assets by approximately $88.3 million including the purchase method accounting entries. The remaining increase of $557.0 million in total assets was due to organic growth at our existing companies and the increase in equity primarily from the Company’s issuance of common stock and net income.

Investments. Total cash and investments securities decreased $139.9 million from the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to the Banks’ loan growth exceeding deposit growth and the Banks’ decreased investments to fund a portion of the new loan growth.

The Banks acquire securities for various purposes such as providing a source of income through interest income, or subsequent sale of the securities, liquidity, and to manage interest rate and liquidity risk. Total investments (consisting of cash, federal funds sold, money market investments, investment securities, and stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank and Bankers Bank) were $817.3 million, or 14.2% of total assets, at December 31, 2006. The Bankers Bank is a specially chartered correspondent bank that is owned by and dedicated to serving the needs of community financial institutions.

Investment maturities, principal payments and sales provided $400.2 million of cash proceeds; and $380.4 million was spent on purchases of new investments. The timing of sales and reinvestments is based on various factors, including management’s evaluation of interest rate trends and the Company’s liquidity. The investment portfolio carried a total of $667 thousand of unrealized gains and $4.1 million of unrealized losses at December 31, 2006, compared to $385 thousand of unrealized gains and $6.2 million of unrealized losses at December 31, 2005. The investments held at December 31, 2006 are not considered to be other-than-temporary impaired, because the decline in market value is primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company has the intent and ability to hold these investments until a market price recovery or maturity. Management periodically evaluates the investment alternatives to properly manage the overall balance sheet and its related risks.

Loans Held for Sale. Loans held for sale decreased $7.7 million to $5.2 million at December 31, 2006 from $12.9 million at December 31, 2005. This decrease was primarily the result of the timing of loan sales, the type

 

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of residential loans originated at the Banks, and in the case of FPB, liquidity and the availability of this product from an unaffiliated loan broker. The Banks generally sell their fixed rate residential loan originations and hold all variable rate loans to mitigate interest rate risk.

Loans. Total portfolio loans increased $687.0 million, or 19.0%, in 2006 to $4.3 billion, or 74.8% of total assets, at December 31, 2006, compared with $3.6 billion, or 70.8% of total assets, at December 31, 2005. This increase was primarily driven by organic growth at the Banks.

Commercial loans increased $303.5 million, or 19.4%, to $1.9 billion at December 31, 2006 from $1.6 billion at December 31, 2005. The increase in the commercial loan portfolio was primarily driven by organic growth at the Banks, and the customer demand for this type of loan product.

Construction loans increased $153.3 million, or 32.0%, to $632.3 million at December 31, 2006 from $479.0 million at December 31, 2005. The increase in the construction loan portfolio was primarily driven by organic growth at the Banks, and the market for new construction.

Residential mortgage loans increased $208.4 million or 15.6%, to $1.5 billion at December 31, 2006 from $1.3 billion at December 31, 2005. The increase in the residential loan portfolio was primarily driven by organic growth at the Banks, the decrease in the amount of customers refinancing their loan with a competitor, and the mix of origination type between fixed and variable. The Banks generally sell fixed rate residential loans and hold variable rate loans in their portfolio.

Deposits. The Company experienced an increase of $329.7 million, or 8.8%, in deposits during 2006, to $4.1 billion, or 70.8% of total assets, at December 31, 2006 from $3.7 billion, or 73.2% of total assets, at December 31, 2005. The increase can be attributed to strong sales organizations, successful expansion of banking offices, retention of clients, and competitive products.

Borrowings. Total borrowings (consisting of securities sold under agreements to repurchase (“repurchase agreements”), FHLB borrowings, and junior subordinated debentures) increased $211.2 million, or 30.0%, during 2006 to $914.5 million from $703.4 million at December 31, 2005.

FHLB borrowings increased $240.9 million in 2006, or 66.5%, to $602.9 million from $362.0 million at December 31, 2005. The increase in FHLB borrowings can be attributable to the strong loan growth outpacing deposit growth and the Banks having to rely on FHLB borrowings to fund a portion of the loan growth.

D. Asset Quality

The Company’s non-performing assets include non-accrual loans, other real estate owned (“OREO”), and repossessed assets. The following table sets forth information regarding non-accrual loans, OREO, repossessed assets, loans past due 90 days or more, but still accruing, and delinquent loans 30-89 days past due as to interest or principal, held by the Company at the dates indicated.

 

    December 31,  
    2006     2005     2004     2003     2002  
    (In thousands)  

Loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis

  $ 9,999     $ 7,900     $ 1,137     $ 1,311     $ 1,057  

OREO

    —         —         377       —         —    

Repossessed Assets

    550       —         —         —         —    
                                       

Total non-performing assets

  $ 10,549     $ 7,900     $ 1,514     $ 1,311     $ 1,057  
                                       

Loans past due 90 days or more, but still accruing

  $ 24     $ 132     $ —       $ —       $ —    

Delinquent loans 30-89 days past due

  $ 13,424     $ 7,907     $ 3,965     $ 3,686     $ 3,981  

Non-accrual loans as a % of total loans

    0.23 %     0.22 %     0.05 %     0.08 %     0.08 %

Non-performing assets as a % of total assets

    0.18 %     0.15 %     0.05 %     0.06 %     0.06 %

Delinquent loans 30-89 days past due as a % of total loans

    0.31 %     0.22 %     0.18 %     0.23 %     0.31 %

 

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E. Risk Elements of the Loan Portfolio

The Banks discontinue the accrual of interest on a loan when the collectibility of principal or interest is in doubt. In certain instances, loans that have become 90 days past due may remain on accrual status if the value of the collateral securing the loan is sufficient to cover principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection. OREO consists of real estate acquired through foreclosure proceedings and real estate acquired through acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure. In addition, the Company may, under certain circumstances, restructure loans as a concession to a borrower.

Non-Performing Assets. Total non-performing assets increased from $7.9 million, or 0.15% of total assets at December 31, 2005, to $10.5 million, or 0.18% of total assets, at December 31, 2006 an increase of $2.6 million, or 33.5%. The increase in non-performing assets was primarily due to one new non-accrual loan of approximately $6.4 million and a repossessed asset with a carrying amount of $550 thousand in the third quarter of 2006 at FPB. These increases were partially offset by payoffs on the previously reported non-accrual loans and non-accrual loans returning to performing status.

The Company continues to evaluate the underlying collateral of each non-performing loan and pursues the collection of interest and principal. The repossessed asset is currently being marketed for sale. Also see Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 7: Loans Receivable and Note 8: Allowance for Credit Losses to Consolidated Financial Statements” for further information on non-performing assets.

Delinquencies. At December 31, 2006, $13.4 million, or 0.31% of total loans, were 30 to 89 days past due, an increase of $5.5 million, or 69.8%, from the $7.9 million, or 0.22% of total loans, at December 31, 2005. There were $24 thousand of loans 90 days past due and still accruing as of December 31, 2006, a decrease of $108 thousand, from December 31, 2005. The increase in loan delinquencies is primarily due to the growth of the Banks’ loan portfolios. A significant amount of the loans 30 to 89 days past due were brought current in January 2007. The Company believes most of these loans are adequately secured and the payment performance of these borrowers varies from month to month.

Potential Problem Loans. The Banks’ management adversely classifies certain loans using an internal rating system based on criteria established by federal bank regulatory authorities. These loans evidence weakness or potential weakness related to repayment history, the borrower’s financial condition, or other factors. Delinquent loans may or may not be adversely classified depending upon management’s judgment with respect to each individual loan. At December 31, 2006, the Company had classified $35.1 million of loans as substandard, special mention, doubtful, or loss based on the rating system adopted by the Company, compared to $12.1 million at December 31, 2005. The increase in classified loans was primarily due to a $7.0 million loan at Boston Private Bank, a $6.4 million loan at FPB, and the increased loan portfolio.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is established through provisions charged to operations. Assessing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses involves substantial uncertainties and is based upon management’s evaluation of the amounts required to meet estimated charge-offs in the loan portfolio after weighing various factors. Among these factors are the risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, the quality of specific loans, the level of nonaccruing loans, current economic conditions, trends in delinquencies and charge-offs, and the value of underlying collateral, all of which can change frequently. In connection with the determination of the allowance for loan losses, management obtains independent appraisals for significant properties.

While management evaluates currently available information in establishing the allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review a financial institution’s allowance for loan losses and carrying amounts of OREO. Such agencies may require the financial institution to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

 

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F. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company and its subsidiaries own equity interests in certain limited partnerships and limited liability companies. Most of these are investment vehicles that are managed by one of the Company’s investment adviser subsidiaries. The Company accounts for these investments under the equity method of accounting so the total amount of assets and liabilities of the investment partnerships are not included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

G. Income/Expense

In 2006, Boston Private demonstrated strong growth in the fundamental drivers of its business within the Company’s control. The Company is also strategically aligned to benefit from stock market appreciation while continuing to manage the impact of a competitive deposit environment and an inverted yield curve.

1. Rate/Volume Analysis

The following table describes the extent to which changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities have affected the Company’s interest income and interest expense during the periods indicated. Information is provided in each category with respect to (i) changes attributable to changes in volumes (changes in average balance multiplied by prior year average rate) and (ii) changes attributable to changes in rate (change in average interest rate multiplied by prior year average balance). Changes attributable to the combined impact of volumes and rates have been allocated proportionately to separate volume and rate categories.

 

     2006 vs. 2005    2005 vs. 2004
     Change Due To    Change Due To
     Rate     Volume     Total    Rate    Volume    Total
     (In thousands)

INTEREST INCOME ON

INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS:

               

Cash and investments

   $ 5,882     $ (1,172 )   $ 4,710    $ 5,633    $ 1,885    $ 7,518

Loans:

               

Commercial and construction

     11,110       48,394       59,504      12,234      31,153      43,387

Residential mortgage

     7,643       26,027       33,670      1,667      12,539      14,206

Home equity and other consumer loans

     1,824       10,334       12,158      1,337      2,897      4,234
                                           

Total interest income

     26,459       83,583       110,042      20,871      48,474      69,345
                                           

INTEREST EXPENSE ON

INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES:

               

Deposits:

               

Savings and NOW

   $ 4,127     $ 974     $ 5,101    $ 1,010    $ 174    $ 1,184

Money market

     18,389       8,414       26,803      7,564      3,408      10,972

Certificates of deposit

     9,228       6,494       15,722      4,726      3,294      8,020

Borrowed funds

     4,305       13,337       17,642      1,165      7,844      9,009
                                           

Total interest expense

     36,049       29,219       65,268      14,465      14,720      29,185
                                           

NET INTEREST INCOME

   $ (9,590 )   $ 54,364     $ 44,774    $ 6,406    $ 33,754    $ 40,160
                                           

 

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2. Net Interest Income and Margin

Net interest income represents the difference between interest earned, primarily on loans and investments, and interest paid on funding sources, primarily deposits and borrowings. Interest rate spread is the difference of the average rate earned on total interest earning assets and the average rate paid on total interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest margin is the amount of net interest income, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate earned on earning assets is the amount of taxable equivalent interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets. The average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities is equal to interest expense expressed as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities. The following table sets forth the composition of the Company’s net interest margin for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004.

 

     Years Ended December 31  
     2006     2005     2004  
    

Average

Balance

  

Interest

Earned/

Paid

  

Avg.

Rate

   

Average

Balance

  

Interest

Earned/

Paid

  

Avg.

Rate

   

Average

Balance

  

Interest

Earned/

Paid

  

Avg.

Rate

 
     (In thousands)  

ASSETS

                        

Earning assets:

                        

Cash and investments(1)

   $ 701,653    $ 30,824    4.39 %   $ 734,314    $ 25,882    3.52 %   $ 641,488    $ 18,168    2.81 %

Loans:(2)

                        

Commercial and construction

     2,226,396      172,002    7.70 %     1,581,658      111,760    7.06 %     1,116,592      67,880    6.08 %

Residential mortgage

     1,466,182      82,255    5.61 %     988,799      48,585    4.91 %     732,263      34,379    4.75 %

Home equity and other consumer

     263,045      20,714    7.75 %     128,673      8,556    6.61 %     82,053      4,322    5.24 %
                                                            

Total earning assets

     4,657,276      305,795    6.55 %     3,433,444      194,783    5.67 %     2,572,396      124,749    4.84 %
                                                            

Less: Allowance for loan losses

     40,101           29,744           24,141      

Cash and due from banks

     60,681           54,300           50,970      

Other assets

     633,886           410,399           245,669      
                                    

Total assets

   $ 5,311,742         $ 3,868,399         $ 2,844,894      
                                    

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

                        

Interest-bearing liabilities:

                        

Deposits:

                        

Savings and NOW

   $ 453,587    $ 6,754    1.49 %   $ 315,967    $ 1,653    0.52 %   $ 243,826    $ 469    0.19 %

Money market

     1,768,655      49,002    2.77 %     1,347,872      22,199    1.65 %     1,071,663      11,227    1.05 %

Certificates of deposit

     767,736      31,506    4.10 %     571,843      15,784    2.76 %     423,125      7,764    1.84 %

Borrowed funds

     858,976      39,257    4.54 %     556,099      21,615    3.89 %     352,175      12,606    3.58 %
                                                            

Total interest-bearing liabilities

     3,848,954      126,519    3.28 %     2,791,781      61,251    2.19 %     2,090,789      32,066    1.51 %
                                                            

Noninterest bearing demand deposits

     735,224           582,960           374,393      

Payables and other liabilities

     141,098           105,899           85,305      
                                    

Total liabilities

     4,725,276           3,480,640           2,550,487      

Stockholders’ equity

     586,466           387,759           294,407      
                                    

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 5,311,742         $ 3,868,399         $ 2,844,894      
                                    

Net interest income

      $ 179,276         $ 133,532         $ 92,683   

Interest rate spread

         3.27 %         3.48 %         3.33 %

Net interest margin

         3.84 %         3.88 %         3.61 %

(1) Interest income on non-taxable investments is presented on a fully taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 35% for each year presented. These adjustments were $5.8 million, $4.8 million, and $4.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.
(2) Loans held for sale and non-accrual loans are included in average loan balances.

 

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3. Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations

 

     Year Ended December 31,    2006     2005  
     2006    2005*    2004*    Increase    %     Increase    %  
     (In thousands, except share data)  

Net interest income

   $ 173,513    $ 128,739    $ 88,579    $ 44,774    34.8 %   $ 40,160    45.3 %

Fees and other income:

                   

Investment management and trust fees

     137,732      105,873      92,147      31,859    30.1 %     13,726    14.9 %

Wealth advisory fees

     20,760      19,086      7,898      1,674    8.8 %     11,188    141.7 %

Earnings in equity investments

     3,034      1,556      1,019      1,478    95.0 %     537    52.7 %

Gain on sale of loans, net

     1,972      1,774      1,424      198    11.2 %     350    24.6 %

Other income

     7,843      6,298      5,725      1,545    24.5 %     573    10.0 %
                                               

Total fees and other income

     171,341      134,587      108,213      36,754    27.3 %     26,374    24.4 %
                                               

Total revenues

     344,854      263,326      196,792      81,528    31.0 %     66,534    33.8 %
                                               

Provision for loan losses

     6,179      5,438      4,285      741    13.6 %     1,153    26.9 %

Operating expenses

                   

Salaries and employee benefits

     163,438      123,387      97,110      40,051    32.5 %     26,277    27.1 %

Occupancy and equipment

     29,149      21,053      15,702      8,096    38.5 %     5,351    34.1 %

Professional services

     13,346      10,270      7,477      3,076    30.0 %     2,793    37.4 %

Amortization of intangibles

     13,649      7,634      4,664      6,015    78.8 %     2,970    63.7 %

Other expenses

     30,867      23,925      18,091      6,942    29.0 %     5,834    32.2 %

Minority interest

     3,699      2,512      1,428      1,187    47.3 %     1,084    75.9 %
                                               

Total operating expenses and minority interest

     254,148      188,781      144,472      65,367    34.6 %     44,309    30.7 %
                                               

Income before income taxes

     84,527      69,107      48,035      15,420    22.3 %     21,072    43.9 %

Income tax expense

     30,154      25,561      16,802      4,593    18.0 %     8,759    52.1 %
                                               

Net income

   $ 54,373    $ 43,546    $ 31,233    $ 10,827    24.9 %   $ 12,313    39.4 %
                                               

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.43    $ 1.38    $ 1.10    $ 0.05    3.6 %   $ 0.28    25.5 %
                                               

* Adjusted to include the impact of stock-based compensation expense.

4. Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

Net Income. The Company reported net income of $54.4 million, or $1.43 per diluted share, for 2006 compared to $43.5 million or $1.38 per diluted share, in 2005. The increase of $10.8 million in net income was the result of the Company’s expansion through acquisitions and organic growth. The Company recognized 39.8% growth in its consolidated AUM and advisory and 12.6% growth in its total assets. The growth in AUM was primarily due to the acquisition of Anchor and market action. The increase in total assets was primarily due to strong loan growth at the Banks.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased $44.8 million, or 34.8%, from $128.7 million in 2005 to $173.5 million in 2006. The growth in net interest income was accomplished through growing the Company’s loan portfolio with proceeds from increased deposits and borrowings coupled with the acquisition of Gibraltar in 2005. The $44.8 million increase in net interest income in 2006 is the net result of $54.4 million in increased business volumes (change in average balance multiplied by the prior year average rate) net of $9.6 million from rate changes (change in average interest rate multiplied by the prior year average balance).

Interest and Dividend Income. Interest and dividend income increased $110.0 million, or 57.9%, from $190.0 million in 2005 to $300.0 million in 2006 as a result of increases in interest income on loans (commercial

 

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and construction, residential, and home equity and other consumer) and investments (taxable investment securities, non-taxable investment securities, mortgage-backed securities, federal funds sold, FHLB dividends, and other). 58.6%, or $64.4 million, of the $110.0 increase in interest and dividend income was due to the acquisition of Gibraltar. The remaining increase was due to the strong loan growth at the Banks.

Interest income on commercial and construction loans increased $59.5 million, or 53.9%, from $110.3 million in 2005 to $169.8 million in 2006 as a result of a 40.8% increase in average balances and a 9.1% increase in the average yield. The increase in the average balance of commercial and construction loans was due to a combination of the acquisition of Gibraltar in 2005 as well as organic growth of the loan portfolios at the Banks. The increase in the yield is primarily due to the rising short-term interest rate environment and the majority of loan rates based on the Prime rate or the London Inter Bank Offering Rate (“LIBOR”). 46.2%, or $27.5 million, of the $59.5 million increase in commercial and construction loan income is attributable to the acquisition of Gibraltar.

Interest income from residential mortgage loans increased $33.7 million, or 69.3%, from $48.6 million in 2005 to $82.3 million in 2006 as a result of a 48.3% increase in average balances and a 14.3% increase in the average yield. The increase in the average balance of residential loans was due to a combination of the acquisition of Gibraltar in 2005 as well as organic growth of the loan portfolios at the Banks. The increase in the yield was primarily due to adjustable rate mortgage (“ARM”) loans repricing at higher rates. 77.2%, or $26.0 million, of the $33.7 million increase in residential mortgage loan income is attributable to the acquisition of Gibraltar.

Interest income from home equity and other consumer loans increased $12.2 million, or 142.1%, from $8.6 million in 2005 to $20.7 million in 2006 as a result of a 104.4% increase in average balances and a 17.2% increase in the average yield. The increase in the average balance of home equity and other consumer loans was due to a combination of the acquisition of Gibraltar as well as organic growth of the loan portfolios at the Banks. The increase in the yield was primarily due to the majority of home equity loan rates based on the Prime rate which has increased 100 basis points from December 31, 2005 to December 31, 2006. 87.0%, or $10.6 million, of the $12.2 million increase in home equity and other consumer loan income is attributable to the acquisition of Gibraltar.

Investment income increased $4.7 million, or 20.9%, from $22.5 million in 2005 to $27.2 million in 2006 as a result of an 81 basis point increase, or 22.3%, in average yield, partially reduced by a $32.7 million decrease in the average balance of investments. The decrease in the average balance was due to lower liquidity at the Banks, which was partially offset by the acquisition of Gibraltar. Investment decisions are made based on anticipated liquidity, loan demand, and asset liability management decisions. 8.0%, or $377 thousand, of the $4.7 million increase in investment income is attributable to the acquisition of Gibraltar.

Interest Expense. Interest paid on deposits and borrowings increased $65.3 million, or 106.6%, from $61.3 million in 2005 to $126.5 million in 2006. 47.4%, or $30.9 million of the $65.3 million increase in interest paid on deposits and borrowings is attributable to the acquisition of Gibraltar and the interest expense on the junior subordinated debentures associated with the acquisition.

Interest paid on deposits increased $47.6 million, or 120.2%, from $39.6 million in 2005 to $87.3 million in 2006 as a result of a $754.3 million, or 33.7%, increase in the average balance and a 115 basis point, or 65.0%, increase in the average rate paid. The increase in the average balance of deposits was due to the acquisition of Gibraltar and organic growth at the Banks. The increase in the average rate paid was due to the rising short-term interest rate environment and the competition in the market for deposits. 38.4%, or $18.3 million, of the $47.6 million increase in interest paid on deposits is attributable to the acquisition of Gibraltar.

Interest paid on borrowings increased $17.6 million, or 81.6%, from $21.6 million in 2005 to $39.3 million in 2006 as a result of a $302.9 million, or 54.5%, increase in the average balance and a 65 basis point, or 16.7%,

 

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increase in the average rate paid. The increase in the average balance of borrowings was due to the issuance of the junior subordinated debentures that took place at the end of the third quarter of 2005 to fund a portion of the acquisition of Gibraltar, the additional FHLB borrowings used by Boston Private Bank and Gibraltar to fund a portion of their loan portfolios, and the assumption of Gibraltar’s junior subordinated debentures. Interest expense on the junior subordinated debentures assumed in the Gibraltar acquisition combined with the debentures issued in the third quarter 2005 was $7.4 million during 2006, compared to $1.9 million in 2005. 71.7%, or $12.6 million, of the $17.6 million increase in interest paid on borrowings is attributable to the acquisition of Gibraltar, including the interest expense on the junior subordinated debentures.

Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses increased $741 thousand, or 13.6%, from $5.4 million in 2005 to $6.2 million in 2006. These provisions reflect continued loan growth and the acquisition of Gibraltar in 2005. Management evaluates several factors including new loan originations, estimated charge-offs, and risk characteristics of the loan portfolio when determining the provision for loan losses. These factors include the level and mix of loan growth, the level of non-accrual and delinquent loans, and the level of charge-offs and recoveries. Charge-offs, net of recoveries were $399 thousand in 2006 compared to charge-offs, net of recoveries of $46 thousand for the same period in 2005.

Fees and Other Income. Total fees and other income increased $36.8 million, or 27.3%, from $134.6 million in 2005 to $171.3 million in 2006. 62.6%, or $23.0 million, of the increase is driven by the acquisitions of Gibraltar and Anchor. The remaining $13.7 million increase is due to increases in our investment management and trust fees primarily due to growth in AUM, wealth advisory fees, and earnings in equity investments.

Investment management and trust fees increased $31.9 million, or 30.1%, from $105.9 million in 2005 to $137.7 million in 2006. 67.7%, or $21.6 million, of the increase is driven by the acquisitions of Gibraltar and Anchor. The remaining $10.3 million is due to increased AUM primarily as a result of market action. AUM, excluding the assets from the wealth advisors KLS and RINET, increased $7.8 million, or 45.5%, from $17.1 billion at December 31, 2005 to $24.8 billion at December 31, 2006. Anchor had $6.4 billion in AUM at December 31, 2006.

Wealth advisory fees increased $1.7 million, or 8.8%, from $19.1 million in 2005 to $20.8 million in 2006. The increase is primarily due to the increase in the number of client relationships and fee increases from existing clients. AUM, managed by the wealth advisors KLS and RINET, increased $720.0 million, or 16.9%, from $4.3 billion at December 31, 2005 to $5.0 billion at December 31, 2006.

Earnings in equity investments increased $1.5 million, or 95.0%, from $1.6 million in 2005 to $3.0 million in 2006. Earnings in equity investments includes: partnership earnings in the Company’s unconsolidated affiliates and performance fee earnings on hedge funds. Partnership earnings increased $863 thousand primarily due the Company’s ownership increase in BOS from 39.7% at December 31, 2005 to 49.7% at December 31, 2006. Performance fee earnings on hedge funds increased $614 thousand as a result of increased investment returns.

Other income increased $1.3 million, or 25.7%, from $4.9 million in 2005 to $6.2 million in 2006. 34.9%, or $439 thousand, of the increase is driven by the acquisitions of Gibraltar and Anchor. The remaining $818 thousand increase is primarily due to the increase in the cash surrender value on Boston Private Bank’s investment in bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”). In the fourth quarter of 2006 Boston Private Bank invested $30 million in BOLI and the Company’s growth.

Operating Expenses and Minority Interest. Total operating expenses and minority interest were $254.1 million in 2006, an increase of $65.4 million, or 34.6%, from 2005 to 2006. 73.0%, or $47.7 million, of the increase is driven by the acquisitions of Gibraltar and Anchor. The remaining $17.6 million increase is due to increases in salaries and benefits as well as other operating expenses resulting from the Company’s growth.

 

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Salaries and employee benefits increased $40.1 million, or 32.5%, from $123.4 million in 2005 to $163.4 million in 2006. 68.3%, or $27.3 million, of the increase is driven by the acquisitions of Gibraltar and Anchor. The remaining $12.7 million increase is primarily due to a 7.7% increase in the number of employees due to growth, as well as normal salary increases and the related taxes and benefits thereon, and staffing at the new banking offices.

Occupancy and equipment expense increased $8.1 million, or 38.5%, from $21.1 million in 2005 to $29.1 million in 2006. 62.1%, or $5.0 million, of the increase is driven by the acquisitions of Gibraltar and Anchor. Included in the $5.0 million increase, is the effect of Gibraltar opening one new location in February 2006 in Naples, Florida and another in New York City in November 2006. The remaining $3.1 million increase is primarily due to the development and opening of new banking offices at Boston Private Bank and Borel. In December 2005 and June 2006 Boston Private Bank opened its Lexington and Hingham, Massachusetts offices and is scheduled to open in Beverly, Massachusetts in 2007. Borel opened its Los Altos, California office in December 2005. Other drivers include increases in technology hardware and software costs, and an increase in rent expense as a result of growth and expansion. In addition, Sand Hill recognized approximately $450 thousand in additional occupancy and equipment expense in 2006 as a result of the new location that was leased in 2006. The additional expense for Sand Hill includes rent on two locations during construction at the new location, write-off of the unamortized leasehold improvements and obsolete equipment associated with the old space.

Professional services increased $3.1 million, or 30%, from $10.3 million in 2005 to $13.3 million in 2006. 81.1%, or $2.5 million, of the increase is driven by the acquisitions of Gibraltar and Anchor. Professional services include legal fees, consulting fees, director fees and other professional services such as audit and tax preparation. The remaining $580 thousand increase is primarily due to Director compensation.

Marketing and business development expense increased $1.9 million, or 28.2%, from $6.8 million in 2005 to $8.7 million in 2006. 85.2%, or $1.6 million, of the increase is driven by the acquisitions of Gibraltar and Anchor. The remaining $284 thousand increase is due to increased marketing initiatives and growth.

Amortization of intangibles increased $6.0 million, or 78.8%, from $7.6 million in 2005 to $13.6 million in 2006. The Anchor acquisition on June 1, 2006, the Gibraltar acquisition of October 1, 2005, as well as the increased investments in the minority interests of BOS and Coldstream increased amortization by $6.6 million. Amortization of the DGHM and KLS intangibles decreased $553 thousand due to the accelerated amortization methods used. The Company expects amortization of intangibles to increase slightly in 2007 due to having a full year of amortization of the intangibles from the Anchor acquisition, partially offset by reduced amortization at DGHM, KLS, and Gibraltar due to the accelerated amortization methods used.

Other expenses increased $4.0 million, or 30.4%, from $13.1 million in 2005 to $17.0 million in 2006. 75.5% or $3.0 million of the increase is driven by the Gibraltar and Anchor acquisitions. Other expenses include insurance, supplies, telephone, mailing expense, publications and subscriptions, employee training, interest on deferred acquisition payments and other miscellaneous business expenses. The remaining $974 thousand increase is due to growth.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense was $30.2 million, reflecting an effective tax rate of 35.7%, in 2006 compared to $25.6 million and 37.0%, respectively, in 2005. The effective tax rate was lower in 2006 due to changes in state income apportionment, successful settlement of an outstanding state tax issue and a change in investment strategy resulting in additional tax free income from BOLI.

5. Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004

Net Income. The Company reported net income of $43.5 million, or $1.38 per diluted share for 2005 compared to $31.2 million or $1.10 per diluted share, in 2004. The increase of $12.3 million in net income was the result of the Company’s expansion through acquisitions, organic growth, and the Banks’ increased net interest margins. The Company recognized 10.5% growth in its AUM and advisory and 56.3% growth in its total assets, which was fueled by deposit growth of 57.1% and loan growth of 61.2%.

 

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Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased $40.2 million, or 45.3%. The increase was attributable to the increased volumes which added approximately $33.8 million of interest income and increased interest rates, which added approximately $6.4 million. The additional volume was due to the acquisition of Gibraltar in 2005 and FPB and Encino in 2004 as well as organic growth. The increased rates were due to the rise in short-term interest rates in 2005.

Interest and Dividend Income. Interest and dividend income increased $69.3 million, or 57.5%, in 2005 as a result of increases in interest income on loans (commercial and construction, residential, and home equity and other consumer) and investments (taxable investment securities, non-taxable investments securities, mortgage-backed securities, federal funds sold, FHLB dividends, and other).

Interest income on commercial and construction loans increased $43.4 million, or 64.8%, in 2005 as a result of a 41.7% increase in average balances and a 16.4% increase in average yield. The increase in the average balance of commercial and construction loans was due to a combination of the acquisitions of Gibraltar, FPB and Encino as well as organic growth of the loan portfolios at the Banks.

Interest income from residential mortgage loans increased $14.2 million, or 41.3%, in 2005 as a result of a 35.0% increase in average balances and a 4.7% increase in average yield. The increase in the average balance of residential loans was due to a combination of the acquisitions of Gibraltar, FPB and Encino as well as organic growth of the loan portfolios at the Banks.

Interest income from home equity and other consumer loans increased $4.2 million, or 98.0%, in 2005 as a result of a 56.8% increase in average balances and a 26.2% increase in average yield. The increase in the average balance of home equity and other consumer loans was due to a combination of the acquisitions of Gibraltar, FPB and Encino as well as organic growth of the loan portfolios at the Banks.

Investment income increased $7.5 million, or 50.1%, in 2005 as a result of a $31.4 million increase in the average balance and a 69 basis point increase, or 24.3%, in average yield. The increase in the average balance was due to a combination of the acquisitions of Gibraltar, FPB and Encino as well as additional liquidity and the corresponding investment or lending alternatives made by the Banks. Investment decisions are made based on anticipated liquidity, loan demand, and asset liability management decisions.

Interest Expense. Interest paid on deposits and borrowings increased $29.2 million, or 91.0%, in 2005. Interest paid on deposits increased $20.2 million as a result of a $497.1 million, or 28.6%, increase in the average balance and a 65 basis point or 58.1% increase in the average rate paid. The increase in the average balance of deposits was due to the acquisitions of FPB and Encino in 2004 and the acquisition of Gibraltar in 2005 as well as organic growth at the Banks. The increase in the average rate paid was due to the rise in short-term interest rates in 2005. Interest paid on borrowings increased $9.0 million, or 71.5%, as a result of a $203.9 million increase in the average balance and a 31 basis point, or 8.7%, increase in the average rate paid. The increase in the average balance of borrowings was primarily due to additional FHLB borrowings by Boston Private Bank and the FHLB borrowings at Gibraltar, which was acquired in 2005, and the issuance of junior subordinated debentures in October of 2004 and September of 2005.

Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses increased $1.2 million, or 26.9%, to $5.4 million for 2005, from $4.3 million for 2004. These provisions reflect continued loan growth and the acquisitions of FPB and Encino in 2004 and Gibraltar in 2005. Management evaluates several factors including new loan originations, estimated charge-offs, and risk characteristics of the loan portfolio when determining the provision for loan losses. These factors include the level and mix of loan growth, the level of non-accrual and delinquent loans, and the level of charge-offs and recoveries. Charge-offs, net of recoveries were $46 thousand in 2005 compared to charge-offs, net of recoveries of $4 thousand for the same period in 2004.

Fees and Other Income. Total fees and other income increased $26.4 million, or 24.4%. This increase is primarily attributable to the increases in our investment management and trust fees and wealth advisory fees.

 

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This increase in investment management and trust fees was primarily due to an increase in AUM from the acquisitions of DGHM and Gibraltar, market action, and net new business. Market action, or general appreciation in the market prices of securities, resulted in an increase of $1.2 billion of AUM in 2005. Organic net new sales totaled $78 million for 2005. The acquisition of Gibraltar accounted for an in increase of $707 million in AUM in 2005. Investment management and trust fees increased $13.7 million, or 14.9%, primarily due to increased AUM and advisory. Wealth advisory fees increased $11.2 million, or 141.7%, this increase is primarily attributable to the acquisition of KLS.

Earnings in equity investments increased $537 thousand, or 52.7%, to $1.6 million. $492 thousand of the increase was due to the additional investments in BOS in 2004 and 2005. The remaining change was due to the amount of performance fees earned and cost method investments.

Gains on sale of loans were $1.8 million for 2005, a 24.6% increase from 2004. The Banks generally sell their fixed rate mortgages and earn a gain on the sale of the loans. The amount of loans available for sale is impacted by the availability of fixed rate loans originated by the Banks.

Gain on sale of investments decreased $353 thousand, or 94.6%, to $20 thousand. There was very low activity by the Banks in 2005 selling securities due to the rising interest rate environment. In 2004, Boston Private Bank and Borel took profits on their fixed rate investments which increased in value in 2003 as rates declined. Also, the sale of investments is affected by the Banks liquidity, loan demand, and interest rate risk management.

Other income increased $768 thousand, or 18.6%, to $4.9 million. The increase was primarily due to an unusually large amount of loan prepayment fees received as well as growth of the Company.

Operating Expenses and Minority Interest. Total operating expenses and minority interest were $188.8 million in 2005, an increase of $44.3 million, or 30.7%, from 2004 to 2005. The increase is primarily attributable to the acquisitions in 2004 and 2005 and the associated salaries and benefits and other operating expenses as well as the Company’s growth.

Salaries and employee benefits increased $26.3 million, or 27.1%, from $97.1 million in 2004 to $123.4 million in 2005. This increase was primarily due to the increase in the number of employees due to the acquisition of Gibraltar in 2005 and KLS, Encino, and FPB in 2004; increased incentive-based compensation, normal salary increases, and the related taxes and benefits thereon.

Occupancy and equipment expense increased $5.4 million, or 34.1%, from $15.7 million in 2004 to $21.1 million in 2005. This increase was primarily due to the additional offices related to the acquisition of Gibraltar in 2005 and KLS, Encino, and FPB in 2004; new offices opened by Boston Private Bank and Borel, and normal increases.

Professional services increased $2.8 million, or 37.4%, from 2005. The increase is due to additional growth and acquisitions and the related costs for legal, consulting, audit and tax preparation.

Amortization of intangibles increased $2.9 million, from $4.7 million in 2004 to $7.6 million in 2005. This increase was due to the intangibles associated with the Gibraltar acquisition in 2005, and the KLS, Encino, and FPB acquisitions in 2004. The Company expects amortization of intangibles to increase in 2006 due to having a full year of amortization of the intangibles from the Gibraltar acquisition which closed on October 1, 2005.

Other expenses increased $5.8 million, or 32.2%, from $18.1 million in 2004 to $23.9 million in 2005 due to additional growth and acquisitions. Other expenses include contract services and processing, marketing and business development, insurance and other administrative expenses.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense was $25.6 million, reflecting an effective tax rate of 37.0%, in 2005 compared to $16.8 million and 35.0%, respectively, in 2004. The difference in the effective tax rate

 

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between years resulted primarily from increased state tax expense due to growth in states with higher tax rates and the reduced benefit received from tax exempt earnings and tax credits due to the growth of the Company.

H. Critical Accounting Policies

Critical accounting policies are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties, and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. The Company believes that its most critical accounting policies upon which its financial condition depends, and which involve the most complex or subjective decisions or assessments are as follows:

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is established through a charge to operations. When management believes that the collection of a loan’s principal balance is unlikely, the principal amount is charged against the allowance. Recoveries on loans that have been previously charged-off are credited to the allowance as amounts are received.

The allowance for loan losses is determined using a systematic analysis and a disciplined procedure based on historical experience, product types, and industry benchmarks. The allowance is segregated into three components: “general,” “specific” and “unallocated.” The general component is determined by applying coverage percentages to groups of loans based on risk. The Banks routinely review loans to assess the inherent risk and assign risk ratings to each loan individually. Coverage percentages applied are determined based on industry practice and management’s judgment. The specific component is established by allocating a portion of the allowance for loan losses to individual classified loans on the basis of specific circumstances and assessments. The unallocated component supplements the first two components based on management’s judgment of the effect of current and forecasted economic conditions on borrowers’ abilities to repay, an evaluation of the allowance for loan losses in relation to the size of the overall loan portfolio, and consideration of the relationship of the allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans, net charge-off trends, and other factors. While this evaluation process utilizes historical and other objective information, the classification of loans and the establishment of the allowance for loan losses rely to a great extent on the judgment and experience of management.

While management evaluates currently available information in establishing the allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review a financial institution’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the financial institution to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

Valuation of Goodwill/Intangible Assets and Analysis for Impairment

For acquisitions accounted for using the purchase method of accounting, assets acquired and liabilities assumed are required to be recorded at their fair value. Intangible assets acquired are primarily comprised of investment management advisory contracts and core deposit intangibles. The values of these intangible assets were estimated using valuation techniques, based on discounted cash flow analysis. They are being amortized over the period the assets are expected to contribute to the cash flows of the Company, which reflect the expected pattern of benefit. These intangible assets are amortized using an accelerated method based upon the projected cash flows the Company will receive from the customer relationships during the estimated useful lives.

These intangible assets are subject to impairment tests in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”. The carrying value of the investment advisory contracts and core deposit intangibles are reviewed for impairment on an annual basis, or sooner, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be

 

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fully recoverable. Assets under management are analyzed to determine if there has been a reduction since acquisition that could indicate possible impairment of the advisory contracts. Deposit levels and interest rate changes are also reviewed for banks with core deposit intangibles to determine if there is potential impairment. Impairment would be recognized if the carrying value exceeded the sum of the undiscounted expected future cash flows from the intangible assets. Impairment would result in a write-down to the estimated fair value based on the anticipated discounted future cash flows.

The Company makes certain estimates and assumptions that affect the determination of the expected future cash flows from the advisory contracts and the core deposit intangibles. These estimates and assumptions include account attrition, market appreciation for assets under management, discount rates and anticipated fee rates, interest rates, projected costs and other factors. Significant changes in these estimates and assumptions could cause a different valuation for the intangible assets. Changes in the original assumptions could change the amount of the intangible recognized and the resulting amortization. Subsequent changes in assumptions could result in recognition of impairment of the intangible assets.

Goodwill is recorded as part of the Company’s acquisitions of businesses where the purchase price exceeds the fair market value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets. Goodwill is not amortized, but rather is subject to ongoing periodic impairment tests upon the occurrence of significant adverse events such as the loss of key clients or management and at least annually in accordance with Statement of Financial accounting Standards No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for additional information. Goodwill was reviewed during the fourth quarter of 2006 using discounted cash flow analysis and by reviewing market data for sales of investment management and banking firms. It was determined that the estimated fair value exceeded the carrying value so no impairment was recognized.

The discounted cash flow analysis is based on the projected net cash flows discounted at a rate that reflects both the current return requirements of the market and the risks inherent in the specific entity that is being tested. Significant assumptions used to test goodwill for impairment include estimated discount rates and the timing and amount of projected cash flows. These assumptions are susceptible to change based on changes in economic conditions and other factors. Any change in the estimates which the Company uses to determine the carrying value of the Company’s goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, or which otherwise adversely affects their value or estimated lives could adversely affect our results of operations.

Stock-Based Compensation

At December 31, 2006, the Company has three stock-based compensation plans, which are described more fully in Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 17: Employee Benefits to the Consolidated Financial Statements”. These plans encourage and enable the officers, employees, non-employee directors and other key persons of the Company to acquire a proprietary interest in the Company. Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for these plans under the intrinsic-value based method under Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related Interpretations, as permitted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (“FAS 123(R)”), using the modified retrospective application method.

The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that factors in assumptions for expected volatility, expected dividend yield, expected term (in years), and a risk-free rate assumption. That model is most sensitive to changes in expected volatility and expected term which are reviewed on an annual basis in accordance with applicable accounting guidance.

Under the modified retrospective application method, the Company adjusted the 2004 and 2005 financial statements to reflect the effects of applying FAS 123(R) and has recorded the cumulative effect of the change upon adoption of FAS 123(R) on periods prior to those in the carrying amounts of assets and equity as of January 1, 2004.

 

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Tax estimates

The Company accounts for income taxes by deferring income taxes based on estimated future tax effects of differences between the tax and book basis of assets and liabilities considering enacted tax laws. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company also will assess the likelihood that any deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and establish a valuation allowance for those assets determined to not likely be recoverable. Management judgment is required in determining the amount and timing of recognition of the resulting deferred tax assets and liabilities, including projections of future taxable income. Although the Company has determined a valuation allowance is not required for deferred tax assets at December 31, 2006, there is no guarantee that these assets will ultimately be realized.

Due to the continued historical ability of the Company to generate taxable income, management believes it is more likely than not, that the balance of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2006 is realizable and no valuation allowance is needed.

I. Impact of Accounting Estimates

Management of the Company is required to make certain estimates and assumptions during the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. These estimates and assumptions impact the reported amount of assets, liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. They also impact the reported amount of net earnings during any period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

J. Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

The Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto, presented in Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation.

Unlike many industrial companies, substantially all of the assets and liabilities of the Company are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on the Company’s performance than the general level of inflation. Over short periods of time, interest rates may not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as inflation.

K. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, (“FAS 155”). FAS 155 amends FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities and FASB Statement No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities, and allows an entity to remeasure at fair value a hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation from the host, if the holder irrevocably elects to account for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. FAS 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued in fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the statement will have on the financial statements and believes that, when adopted, will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

In March 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets—An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140 (“FAS 156”). FAS 156 requires that all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities be initially measured at fair value, if practicable. The statement permits, but does

 

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not require, the subsequent measurement of servicing assets and servicing liabilities at fair value. FAS 156 is effective for fiscal years that begin after September 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of FAS 156 will have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an Interpretation of FASB Statement 109 (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty with respect to income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes by providing guidance on the recognition, derecognition and classification of taxes, interest and penalties and the accounting during interim periods of uncertain tax positions including financial statement disclosure. This interpretation will become effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and will be adopted using a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“FAS 157”). This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and requires certain disclosures about fair value measurements. FAS 157 provides guidance on how to measure fair value when required under existing accounting standards. The statement establishes a fair value hierarchy of three levels based on the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Required disclosures will focus on the inputs used to measure fair value, fair value measurements, and the effects of the measurements in the financial statements. FAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, with earlier application allowed. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this statement on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

In September 2006, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 06-4, Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements which requires recognition of a liability for future benefits associated with endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangements with employees. The consensus is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007 and should be adopted as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings or through retrospective application to all prior periods. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this consensus on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

In September 2006, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 06-5, Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance—Determining the Amount That Could Be Realized in Accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4. This consensus consists of three issues related to accounting for life insurance policies purchased by entities to provide employee benefits and to protect against the loss of “key persons.” The consensus clarifies how an entity should determine the amount that could be realized under the insurance contract and whether the determination should be on an individual or group policy basis. The consensus is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and should be adopted as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings or through retrospective application to all prior periods. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this consensus on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“FAS 159”). FAS 159 permits entities to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value and amended FASB Statement No. 115, Accounting for Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option is elected will be reported in earnings. FAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this statement on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

 

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk

Management considers interest rate risk to be the most significant market risk for the Company. Interest rate risk is the exposure to adverse changes in the net income of the Company as a result of changes in interest rates. Consistency in the Company’s earnings is related to the effective management of interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities due to changes in interest rates, and on the degree of fluctuation of investment management fee income due to movements in the bond and equity markets.

Fee income from investment management and trust services is not directly dependent on market interest rates and may provide the Company a relatively stable source of income in varying market interest rate environments. However, this fee income is generally based upon the value of assets under management and, therefore, can be significantly affected by changes in the values of equities and bonds. Furthermore, performance fees and partnership income earned by Westfield and DGHM, as managers of limited partnerships, are directly dependent upon short-term investment performance that can fluctuate significantly with changes in the capital markets. The Company does not have any trading operations for its own account.

In addition to directly impacting net interest income, changes in the level of interest rates can also affect (i) the amount of loans originated and sold by the Company, (ii) the ability of borrowers to repay adjustable rate loans, (iii) the average maturity of loans and mortgage-backed securities, (iv) the rate of amortization of premiums paid on securities and, (v) the amount of unrealized gains and losses on securities available-for-sale.

The principal objective of the Banks’ asset and liability management is to maximize profit potential while minimizing the vulnerability of its operations to changes in interest rates by means of managing the ratio of interest rate sensitive assets to interest rate sensitive liabilities within specified maturities or repricing dates. The Bank’s actions in this regard are taken under the guidance of their respective Asset/Liability Committees (“ALCO”), which are comprised of members of senior management. These committees are actively involved in formulating the economic assumptions that the Banks use in their respective financial planning and budgeting processes and establish policies which control and monitor the sources, uses and pricing of funds. Boston Private Bank utilizes hedging techniques to reduce interest rate risk where possible. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 9: Derivatives to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information.

The ALCOs use both interest rate “gap” sensitivity and interest income simulation analysis to measure inherent risk in the Banks’ balance sheets at a specific point in time. The simulations look forward at one and two year increments with gradual and sustained changes in interest rates of up to 200 basis points, and take into account the repricing, maturity and prepayment characteristics of individual products and investments. The simulation results are reviewed to determine whether the exposure of net interest income to interest rate changes is within the following guidelines: (i) projected net interest income during the first 12 months of the simulation will not be reduced by more than 10%, and (ii) projected net interest income during the first 24 months of the simulation will not be reduced by more than 20%. These guidelines are set and monitored at both the ALCO and Board levels. The Banks were in compliance with their applicable guidelines at all times during the year. The ALCO’s review the results with regard to the established tolerance levels and recommend appropriate strategies to manage this exposure.

Generally, the Banks hold variable rate mortgage loans. When possible the Banks make use of the secondary mortgage loan market to sell fixed rate mortgages to investors. This provides fee income and reduces interest rate risk. As a hedge against rising interest rates, Boston Private Bank uses fixed rate borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston.

As of December 31, 2006, the net interest income simulation indicated that the Banks’ exposure to changing interest rates was within the established tolerance levels described above. The shift in pro forma net interest

 

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income, from January 1, 2006 to January 1, 2007 was due to the increase in short-term interest rates in 2006 as well as loans that have interest rates that are at interest rate ceilings. While the ALCOs review simulation assumptions to ensure that they reflect historical experience, it should be noted that income simulation may not always prove to be an accurate indicator of interest rate risk because the actual repricing, maturity, and prepayment characteristics of individual products may differ from the estimates used in the simulations. The following table presents the impact of gradual and sustained interest rate changes on pro forma net interest income for the Banks over a 12 month period:

 

     Twelve months beginning 1/1/07  
    

Dollar

    Change    

   

Percent

    Change    

 
     (In thousands)        

Up 200 basis point ramp

   $ (8,397 )   (4.27 )%

Down 200 basis point ramp

   $ (2,262 )   (1.15 )%

 

     Twelve months beginning 1/1/06  
    

Dollar

    Change    

   

Percent

    Change    

 
     (In thousands)        

Up 200 basis point ramp

   $ 601     0.32 %

Down 100 basis point ramp

   $ (8,707 )   (4.63 )%

Model Methodologies

 

   

The base model is built as a static balance sheet simulation. Growth and/or contraction are not incorporated into the base model to avoid masking of the inherent interest rate risk in the balance sheet as it stands at a point in time.

 

   

The model’s yield curve is derived from the Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15. Other market rates used in this analysis include the Prime rate and Fed Funds rate, which were 8.25% and 5.25%, respectively, at December 31, 2006. All interest rate changes are assumed to occur over 12 months and remain flat thereafter. All points on the treasury yield curve increase/decrease congruently.

 

   

Short-term interest rates (e.g. Prime & LIBOR) are assumed to drive nonmaturity deposit (Savings, NOW and MMDA) pricing. Term deposit (CD, IRA) pricing changes are reflective of changes in the treasury curve. For rising and falling rate environments, prepayment speeds accelerate/decelerate over a 12 month period and remain flat thereafter.

The Banks also use interest rate sensitivity “gap” analysis to provide a general overview of their interest rate risk profile. The effect of interest rate changes on the assets and liabilities of a financial institution may be analyzed by examining the extent to which such assets and liabilities are “interest rate sensitive” and by monitoring an institution’s interest rate sensitivity gap. An asset or liability is said to be interest rate sensitive within a specific time period if it will mature or reprice within that time period. The interest rate sensitivity gap is defined as the difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing within a given time period. A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest rate sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities. A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities exceeds interest rate sensitive assets. During a period of falling interest rates, a positive gap would tend to adversely affect net interest income, while a negative gap would tend to result in an increase in net income. During a period of rising interest rates, a positive gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income while a negative gap would tend to affect net interest income adversely.

Boston Private Bank has historically sought to maintain a relatively narrow gap position and has, in some instances, foregone investment in higher yielding assets when such investment, in management’s opinion, exposed Boston Private Bank to undue interest rate risk. At December 31, 2006, Boston Private Bank and Gibraltar’s balance sheets are liability sensitive. Borel and FPB’s balance sheets are asset sensitive. However, the

 

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Banks do not attempt to perfectly match interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities and will selectively mismatch their assets and liabilities to a controlled degree when they consider such a mismatch both appropriate and prudent. There are a number of relevant time periods in which to measure the gap position, such as at the 30, 60, 90, or 180 day points in the maturity schedule. Management monitors the Banks’ gap position at each of these maturity points, and also tends to focus closely on the gap at the one-year point in making funding decisions. Assumptions based on the historical behavior of deposit rates and balances in relation to changes in interest rates are also incorporated into the repricing schedule. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the repricing schedule cannot precisely measure net interest income or predict the impact of fluctuations in interest rates on net interest income.

The repricing schedule for the Banks’ interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities is measured on a cumulative basis. The simulation analysis is based on expected cash flows and repricing characteristics, and incorporates market-based assumptions regarding the impact of changing interest rates on the prepayment speeds of certain assets and liabilities. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies. The following table presents the repricing schedule for the Company’s interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities at December 31, 2006:

 

    

Within

Three

Months

   

Over
Three

to Six

Months

   

Over Six

to Twelve

Months

   

Over One

Year to

Five Years

   

Over
Five

Years

    Total
     (In thousands)

Interest earning assets(1):

            

Cash and due from banks

   $ 115,951     $ —       $ —       $ —       $ —       $ 115,951

Federal funds sold

     123,445       —         —         —         —         123,445

Investment securities

     115,102       41,202       103,076       206,103       72,324       537,807

FHLB stock

     40,096       —         —         —         —         40,096

Loans held for sale

     5,224       —         —         —         —         5,224

Loans-fixed rate

     73,445       52,061       71,421       439,151       400,166       1,036,244

Loans-variable rate

     1,292,527       163,419       195,616       1,381,199       242,247       3,275,008
                                              

Total interest earning assets

     1,765,790       256,682       370,113       2,026,453       714,737       5,133,775
                                              

Interest bearing liabilities(2):

            

Savings and NOW accounts(3)

     531,548       —         —         —         —         531,548

Money market accounts

     1,892,164       —         —         —         —         1,892,164

Certificates of deposit under $100,000

     39,076       58,199       37,721       8,071       39       143,106

Certificates of deposit $100,000 or greater

     344,635       205,862       104,285       49,990       11,870       716,642

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     77,605       —         —         —         —         77,605

FHLB borrowings

     213,516       15,135       47,833       283,049       43,370       602,903

Junior subordinated debentures

     22,681       —         —         103,093       108,247       234,021
                                              

Total interest bearing liabilities

     3,121,225       279,196       189,839       444,203       163,526       4,197,989
                                              

Net interest sensitivity gap during the period

   $ (1,355,435 )   $ (22,514 )   $ 180,274     $ 1,582,250     $ 551,211     $ 935,786

Cumulative gap

   $ (1,355,435 )   $ (1,377,949 )   $ (1,197,675 )   $ 384,575     $ 935,786    

Interest-sensitive assets as a percent of interest-sensitive liabilities (cumulative)

     56.57 %     59.48 %     66.64 %     109.53 %     122.29 %  

Cumulative gap as a percent of total assets

     (23.52 )%     (23.91 )%     (20.78 )%     6.67 %     16.24 %  

 

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(1) Adjustable and floating-rate assets are included in the period in which interest rates are next scheduled to adjust rather than in the period in which they are due, and fixed rate loans are included in the periods in which they are scheduled to mature.
(2) Does not include $794.4 million of demand accounts because they are non-interest bearing.
(3) While savings, NOW and money market accounts can be withdrawn any time, management believes they have characteristics that make their effective maturity longer.

The preceding table does not necessarily indicate the impact of general interest rate movements on the Banks’ net interest income because the repricing of various assets and liabilities is discretionary and is subject to competitive and other factors. As a result, assets and liabilities indicated as repricing within the same period may in fact reprice at different times and at different rates.

 

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

(In thousands, except share data)

   December 31,
2006
    December 31,
2005*
 

ASSETS:

    

Cash and due from banks

   $ 115,951     $ 116,925  

Federal funds sold

     123,445       255,391  
                

Cash and cash equivalents

     239,396       372,316  

Investment securities:

    

Available-for-sale (amortized cost of $527,190 and $518,398, respectively)

     523,848       512,742  

Held-to-maturity (fair value of $13,819 and $44,208, respectively)

     13,959       44,400  
                

Total investment securities

     537,807       557,142  

Loans held for sale

     5,224       12,883  

Loans:

    

Commercial

     1,863,971       1,560,485  

Construction

     632,263       478,958  

Residential mortgage

     1,546,965       1,338,607  

Home equity and other consumer loans

     268,053       246,190  
                

Total loans

     4,311,252       3,624,240  

Less: allowance for loan losses

     43,387       37,607  
                

Net loans

     4,267,865       3,586,633  

Stock in Federal Home Loan Banks and Banker’s Bank

     40,096       27,718  

Premises and equipment, net

     35,641       28,680  

Goodwill

     335,633       286,751  

Intangible assets, net

     125,331       97,656  

Fees receivable

     28,248       24,681  

Accrued interest receivable

     22,913       19,159  

Other assets

     125,390       104,949  
                

Total assets

   $ 5,763,544     $ 5,118,568  
                

LIABILITIES:

    

Deposits

   $ 4,077,831     $ 3,748,141  

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     77,605       107,353  

Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings

     602,903       362,005  

Junior subordinated debentures

     234,021       234,021  

Accrued interest payable

     10,964       6,335  

Deferred acquisition obligations

     20,921       17,628  

Other liabilities

     104,102       103,737  
                

Total liabilities

   $ 5,128,347     $ 4,579,220  

Commitments and contingencies (Notes 10, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26)

    

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

    

Common stock, $1.00 par value; authorized: 70,000,000 shares; issued: 36,589,727 shares in 2006 and 34,800,393 shares in 2005

     36,590       34,800  

Additional paid-in capital

     424,787       374,818  

Retained earnings

     176,111       133,190  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (2,291 )     (3,460 )
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     635,197       539,348  
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 5,763,544     $ 5,118,568  
                

* Adjusted to include the impact of stock-based compensation expense; see Note 17: Employee Benefits for additional information.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

(In thousands, except share data)

  

Year Ended

December 31,

2006

  

Year Ended

December 31,

2005*

  

Year Ended

December 31,

2004*

INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME:

        

Loans

   $ 272,795    $ 167,463    $ 105,636

Taxable investment securities

     11,242      8,329      5,650

Non-taxable investment securities

     6,504      6,012      5,744

Mortgage-backed securities

     1,619      1,548      1,738

Federal funds sold and other

     7,872      6,638      1,877
                    

Total interest and dividend income

     300,032      189,990      120,645
                    

INTEREST EXPENSE:

        

Deposits

     87,262      39,636      19,460

Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings

     23,244      12,823      10,337

Junior subordinated debentures

     13,167      7,484      1,416

Other short-term borrowings

     2,846      1,308      853
                    

Total interest expense

     126,519      61,251      32,066
                    

Net interest income

     173,513      128,739      88,579

Provision for loan losses

     6,179      5,438      4,285
                    

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

     167,334      123,301      84,294
                    

FEES AND OTHER INCOME:

        

Investment management and trust fees

     137,732      105,873      92,147

Wealth advisory fees

     20,760      19,086      7,898

Earnings in equity investments

     3,034      1,556      1,019

Deposit account service charges

     1,682      1,375      1,217

Gain on sale of loans, net

     1,972      1,774      1,424

Gain on sale of investment securities, net

     —        20      373

Other

     6,161      4,903      4,135
                    

Total fees and other income

     171,341      134,587      108,213
                    

OPERATING EXPENSE:

        

Salaries and employee benefits

     163,438      123,387      97,110

Occupancy and equipment

     29,149      21,053      15,702

Professional services

     13,346      10,270      7,477

Marketing and business development

     8,705      6,792      5,148

Contract services and processing

     5,125      4,070      2,936

Amortization of intangibles

     13,649      7,634      4,664

Other

     17,037      13,063      10,007
                    

Total operating expense

     250,449      186,269      143,044
                    

Minority interest

     3,699      2,512      1,428
                    

Income before income taxes

     84,527      69,107      48,035

Income tax expense

     30,154      25,561      16,802
                    

Net income

   $ 54,373    $ 43,546    $ 31,233
                    

Per share data:

        

Basic earnings per share

   $ 1.53    $ 1.48    $ 1.14

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.43    $ 1.38    $ 1.10
                    

Average basic common shares outstanding

     35,452,880      29,425,157      27,313,171

Average diluted common shares outstanding

     40,089,380      33,824,717      29,024,520

* Adjusted to include the impact of stock-based compensation expense; see Note 17: Employee Benefits for additional information.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

(In thousands, except share data)

 

Common

Stock

 

Additional

Paid-in

Capital

   

Retained

Earnings

   

Accumulated

Other

Comprehensive

Income (Loss)

    Total  

Balance at December 31, 2003*

  $ 25,167   $ 138,625     $ 73,183     $ 2,571     $ 239,546  

Comprehensive income:

         

Net income*

    —       —         31,233       —         31,233  

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

         

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale, net of tax

    —       —         —         (3,080 )     (3,080 )
               

Total comprehensive income, net of tax

            28,153  

Dividends paid: $0.24 per share

    —       —         (6,451 )     —         (6,451 )

Proceeds from issuance of 2,215,644 shares of common stock

    2,216     53,960       —         —         56,176  

Issuance of 70,725 shares of incentive common stock grants

    71     (71 )     —         —         —    

Amortization of incentive stock grants

    —       2,249       —         —         2,249  

Amortization of stock options and employee stock purchase plan

    —       3,892       —         —         3,892  

Stock options exercised

    203     1,955       —         —         2,158  

Excess tax savings on stock options exercised*

    —       811       —         —         811  
                                     

Balance at December 31, 2004*

  $ 27,657   $ 201,421     $ 97,965     $ (509 )   $ 326,534  

Comprehensive income:

         

Net income*

    —       —         43,546       —         43,546  

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

         

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale, net of tax

    —       —         —         (2,910 )     (2,910 )

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge, net of tax

    —       —         —         (41 )     (41 )
               

Total comprehensive income, net of tax

            40,595  

Dividends paid: $0.28 per share

    —       —         (8,321 )     —         (8,321 )

Proceeds from issuance of 6,192,954 shares of common stock

    6,193     151,967       —         —         158,160  

Issuance of 99,475 shares of incentive common stock grants

    99     (99 )     —         —         —    

Amortization of incentive stock grants

    —       3,260       —         —         3,260  

Amortization of stock options and employee stock purchase plan

    —       4,490       —         —         4,490  

Stock options exercised

    851     9,646       —         —         10,497  

Excess tax savings on stock options exercised*

    —       4,133       —         —         4,133  
                                     

Balance at December 31, 2005*

  $ 34,800   $ 374,818     $ 133,190     $ (3,460 )   $ 539,348  

Comprehensive income:

         

Net income

    —       —         54,373       —         54,373  

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

         

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale, net of tax

    —       —         —         1,526       1,526  

Change in unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge, net of tax

    —       —         —         (357 )     (357 )
               

Total comprehensive income, net of tax

            55,542  

Dividends paid: $0.32 per share

    —       —         (11,452 )     —         (11,452 )

Proceeds from issuance of 1,158,955 shares of common stock

    1,159     33,499       —         —         34,658  

Issuance of 121,073 shares of incentive common stock grants

    121     (121 )     —         —         —    

Amortization of incentive stock grants

    —       3,229       —         —         3,229  

Amortization of stock options and employee stock purchase plan

    —       5,805       —         —         5,805  

Stock options exercised

    510     5,237       —         —         5,747  

Excess tax savings on stock options exercised

    —       2,320       —         —         2,320  
                                     

Balance at December 31, 2006

  $ 36,590   $ 424,787     $ 176,111     $ (2,291 )   $ 635,197  
                                     

* Adjusted to include the impact of stock-based compensation expense; see Note 17: Employee Benefits for additional information

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

(In thousands)

 

Year Ended

December 31,

2006

   

Year Ended

December 31,

2005*

   

Year Ended

December 31,

2004*

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

     

Net income

  $ 54,373     $ 43,546     $ 31,233  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

     

Depreciation and amortization

    26,403       21,873       15,895  

Common shares issued as compensation

    870       538       357  

Provision for loan losses

    6,179       5,438       4,285  

Loans originated for sale

    (168,815 )     (608,958 )     (345,427 )

Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale

    177,995       641,607       308,880  

Net (increase) decrease in other operating activities

    (22,536 )     (8,802 )     3,708  
                       

Net cash provided by operating activities

    74,469       95,242       18,931  
                       

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

     

Maturity of short-term investments

    —         —         100  

Investment securities available-for-sale:

     

Purchases

    (359,429 )     (459,921 )     (437,469 )

Sales

    72       48,281       81,992  

Maturities, redemptions, and principal payments

    348,580       412,686       305,757  

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

     

Purchases

    (20,930 )     (128,272 )     (43,725 )

Maturities and principal payments

    51,513       119,490       24,806  

Investments in trusts

    (888 )     (7,590 )     (11,276 )

Investment in bank owned life insurance

    (30,000 )     —         —    

Purchase of Federal Home Loan Banks stock

    (12,378 )     (3,935 )     (8,890 )

Net increase in portfolio loans

    (680,120 )     (433,474 )     (399,975 )

Capital expenditures, net of sale proceeds

    (15,142 )     (10,653 )     (8,109 )

Cash paid for acquisitions, including deferred acquisition obligations, net of cash acquired

    (27,976 )     8,057       (78,941 )
                       

Net cash used in investing activities

    (746,698 )     (455,331 )     (575,730 )
                       

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

     

Net increase in deposits

    329,690       388,455       378,486  

Net (decrease) increase in securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    (29,748 )     22,803       18,780  

Increase in short-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings

    194,898       —         —    

Increase in long-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings

    46,181       45,279       77,337  

Proceeds from issuance of trust preferred debt

    —         103,092       104,506  

Dividends paid to stockholders

    (11,452 )     (8,321 )     (6,451 )

Excess tax savings on stock options exercised

    2,320       4,133       811  

Proceeds from stock option exercises

    5,747       10,497       2,158  

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net

    1,673       37,553       16,598  
                       

Net cash provided by financing activities

    539,309       603,491       592,225  
                       

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

    (132,920 )     243,402       35,426  
                       

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

    372,316       128,914       93,488  
                       

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

  $ 239,396     $ 372,316     $ 128,914  
                       

SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

     

Cash paid for interest

  $ 121,890     $ 58,717     $ 31,238  

Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds received

    30,328       21,656       25,889  

Change in unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale, net of estimated income taxes

    1,526       (2,910 )     (3,080 )

Change in unrealized loss on cash flow hedge, net of estimated income taxes

    (357 )     (41 )     —    

Non-Cash Transactions

     

Equity issued for acquisitions

  $ 32,115     $ 120,069     $ 39,221  

* Adjusted to include the impact of stock-based compensation expense; see Note17: Employee Benefits for additional information

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. ORGANIZATION

Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” and/or “Boston Private”) is a holding company with wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, which consist of four private banks, and seven registered investment advisers. The Company’s four private banks include; Boston Private Bank & Trust Company (“Boston Private Bank”), a Massachusetts chartered trust company; Borel Private Bank & Trust Company (“Borel”) and First Private Bank & Trust (“FPB”), both California state banking corporations; and Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company (“Gibraltar”), a federal savings association. The Company’s seven registered investment advisers include: Westfield Capital Management Company, LLC (“Westfield”), Dalton, Greiner, Hartman, Maher & Co., LLC (“DGHM”), Sand Hill Advisors, Inc. (“Sand Hill”), Boston Private Value Investors, Inc. (“BPVI”), KLS Professional Advisors Group, LLC (“KLS”), RINET Company LLC (“RINET”), and Anchor Capital Holdings LLC (“Anchor”). In addition, the Company holds an approximately 28.4% minority interest in Coldstream Holdings, Inc., (“Coldstream Holdings”) and a 49.7% minority interest in Bingham, Osborn, & Scarborough, LLC (“BOS”). Coldstream Holdings is the parent company of Coldstream Capital Management Inc., a registered investment adviser and Coldstream Securities Inc., a registered broker dealer. BOS is a registered investment adviser. The Company conducts substantially all of its business through its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB and Gibraltar, (together, the “Banks”), Westfield, Sand Hill, BPVI, DGHM, KLS, RINET, and Anchor (together, the “Registered Investment Advisers”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The minority investments in Coldstream Holdings and BOS are accounted for using the equity method, and are included in Other Assets.

Boston Private Bank pursues a “private banking” business strategy and is principally engaged in providing banking, investment and fiduciary products to high net worth individuals, their families and businesses in the greater Boston area and New England. Boston Private Bank offers its clients a broad range of deposit and loan products. In addition, it provides investment management and trust services to high net worth individuals and institutional clients. Boston Private Bank specializes in separately managed mid to large-cap equity and fixed income portfolios.

Borel serves the financial needs of individuals, their families and their businesses in northern California. Borel conducts a commercial banking business, which includes deposit and lending activities. Additionally, Borel offers trust services and provides a variety of other fiduciary services including investment management, advisory and administrative services to individuals.

FPB provides a range of deposit and loan banking products and services to its customers. Its primary focus is on small and medium-sized businesses and professionals located in the Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and Ventura counties. On October 1, 2004, FPB acquired Encino State Bank (“Encino”). Upon consummation of the acquisition, Encino was merged into FPB with FPB as the surviving entity.

Gibraltar provides private banking and wealth management services to professionals, as well as business owners, entrepreneurs, corporate executives and individuals primarily in Miami-Dade, Monroe, Broward, Collier, and Palm Beach counties. Gibraltar opened a private banking office in New York City in 2006.

Westfield serves the investment management needs of pension funds, endowments and foundations, mutual funds and high net worth individuals throughout the United States and abroad. Westfield specializes in separately managed domestic growth equity portfolios in all areas of the capitalization spectrum and acts as the investment manager for several limited partnerships.

DGHM is a value driven investment manager specializing in smaller capitalization equities. The firm manages investments for institutional clients and high net worth individuals in mid, small, and micro-cap portfolios. The firm is headquartered in New York City.

 

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Sand Hill provides wealth management services to high net worth investors and select institutions in northern California. The firm manages investments covering a wide range of asset classes for both taxable and tax-exempt portfolios.

BPVI serves the investment needs of institutions and high net worth individuals managing large capitalization US equities and balanced portfolios with a value orientation.

KLS is a wealth management firm specializing in investment management, estate and insurance planning, retirement planning, financial decision making and income tax planning services. The firm is headquartered in New York City.

RINET provides fee-only financial planning, tax planning and investment management services to high net worth individuals and their families in the greater Boston area, New England, and other areas of the United States. Its capabilities include tax planning and preparation, asset allocation, estate planning, charitable planning, planning for employment benefits, including 401(k) plans, alternative investment analysis and mutual fund investing. It also offers an independent mutual fund rating service.

Anchor is the parent holding company of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell. Anchor Capital is a value-oriented investment adviser specializing in active investment management for families, trusts, and institutions, including foundations and endowments. Anchor Capital serves clients through its Discretionary Management Accounts division and its Separately Managed Accounts (“Wrap Accounts”) division, and offers four core disciplines, which include balanced, all-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap styles. Anchor Capital’s sister company, Anchor/Russell, structures diversified investment management programs for clients utilizing a host of sophisticated management solutions including institutional multi-manager, multi-style, multi-asset mutual funds and Separately Managed Accounts programs sponsored by the Frank Russell Company.

2. MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

The Company completed one business combination in 2006 and in 2005; both were accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The results of operations prior to the date of acquisition are not included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Goodwill, investment advisory contracts, non-compete agreements, core deposit intangibles, and other purchase accounting adjustments, if applicable, were recorded upon the completion of each acquisition.

Boston Private’s strategy is to build a national wealth management enterprise by expanding into demographically attractive regions in the United States through acquisition. The Company is acquiring companies that participate in three core competencies: private banking, wealth advisory and/or investment management. Within each region the Company seeks to form “clusters” of independent affiliates that represent these core competencies. Boston Private focuses on purchasing firms with good performance and growth potential, which could require a purchase price premium over book value.

Westfield, RINET, Sand Hill, BPVI and Borel were acquired by merger prior to January 1, 2002. Except for Sand Hill, all of these mergers were accounted for as a “pooling of interests”.

On December 18, 2002, the Company acquired 26% of the outstanding capital stock of Coldstream Holdings, Inc. Since the initial acquisition the Company has increased its ownership to 28.4%. Coldstream Holdings, Inc. is the parent of Coldstream Capital Management, Inc. Coldstream Capital is a multi-client family office that provides comprehensive wealth management services to high net worth private clients. This investment is accounted for using the equity method.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

On February 5, 2004, the Company acquired a 20% interest in BOS, a financial planning and investment firm located in San Francisco, California. The Company made additional investments in BOS on August 11, 2004, July 29, 2005, and August 1, 2006, increasing its ownership to 49.7% as of December 31, 2006. Over the next two years, the Company has the option to increase its investment interest an additional 10% per year, up to approximately 70%. BOS has offices in San Francisco and Menlo Park, California. This investment is accounted for using the equity method.

On February 6, 2004, the Company acquired an 80% interest in DGHM. DGHM is a value style manager specializing in small-cap equities. DGHM was purchased for approximately $96.0 million, with approximately 86% payable in cash. Approximately 20% of the purchase price was deferred and the payments are contingent upon operating results of DGHM through a five-year earn-out period. $12.5 million has been accrued as of December 31, 2006, for the net present value of the estimated remaining deferred payments, which are determinable beyond a reasonable doubt. 20% of the remaining payments will be paid with Boston Private common stock valued using the volume weighted average price for the 30 days prior to the annual payments.

On February 17, 2004, the Company acquired First State Bancorp, the holding company of FPB, a commercial bank situated in Los Angeles county. In the transaction, the Company acquired 100% of First State Bancorp’s common stock through the issuance of approximately 886 thousand shares of Boston Private common stock valued at $21.1 million and $3.7 million in cash payments to shareholders. In addition, options to acquire First State Bancorp common stock were converted to options to acquire Boston Private common stock valued at $2.7 million for an aggregate transaction value of $27.5 million.

On October 1, 2004, the Company through its subsidiary, FPB, acquired Encino State Bank (“Encino”), a commercial bank located in southern California, for $33.1 million in cash. Encino was merged into FPB with FPB as the surviving entity.

On December 31, 2004, the Company acquired an 81% interest in KLS, a wealth management firm located in New York City. The transaction purchase price was approximately $30.0 million, with approximately 90% paid in cash and the remainder paid in Boston Private common stock. KLS has an option to put and the Company has an option to call, at a negotiated formula based on fair market value, the remaining 19% interest in KLS beginning in 2010.

On October 1, 2005, the Company acquired Gibraltar Financial Corp. (“Gibraltar Financial”), the holding company of Gibraltar, a federal savings bank headquartered in Coral Gables, Florida. The Company acquired 100% of the common stock of Gibraltar Financial through the issuance of approximately 4.3 million shares of Boston Private common stock and approximately $112.2 million in cash. The purchase price was approximately $248.2 million, which included the trust preferred debt assumed, the fair value of Gibraltar Financial’s stock options, and the Company’s transaction costs. The Company exchanged options to acquire Gibraltar Financial common stock for approximately 819 thousand options to acquire Boston Private common stock. The Company assumed Gibraltar Financial’s outstanding trust preferred debt of $16.0 million. In addition, the Company contributed $16.0 million of capital to Gibraltar at acquisition and an additional $3.0 million in December 2005.

On June 1, 2006, the Company acquired Anchor, a newly created holding company that owns 80% of the profits interests in Anchor Capital, a value-oriented investment adviser and 80% of the profits interests in Anchor/Russell, which structures disciplined and sophisticated investment management programs. The Company owns 100% of Anchor and the financial results of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell are consolidated for financial reporting purposes since the date of acquisition. At the closing of the transaction, the Company paid approximately $55.4 million plus acquisition costs of approximately $1.3 million, in a combination of cash and common stock, which represents approximately 68% of the total estimated consideration at closing. The remaining consideration will be paid over the next five years contingent upon Anchor’s financial performance. All earn-out payments will be paid with Boston Private common stock. The consideration paid at

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

closing consisted of approximately 981 thousand shares of newly issued Boston Private common stock (of which 278,465 have been registered for resale on Form S-3, effective June 1, 2006) and approximately $25.4 million in cash. As of December 31, 2006, goodwill of approximately $38.5 million, which is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes, was recorded as part of the purchase price allocation.

The acquisition of Anchor gives the Company access to the rapidly growing Separately Managed Accounts (“SMA”) market, expands the Company’s investment value disciplines and enhances asset allocation services within the Company.

Contingent payments for the Anchor transaction are additional costs of the acquisition and will be recorded as goodwill. Anchor shareholders had the option of accelerating 100% of the deferred contingent merger consideration at the time of closing the acquisition, and therefore would not participate in the earn-out payments. Pursuant to the Anchor merger agreement, the earn-out payments for each of the years ended 2006 through 2010 are to be paid to the shareholders of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell who elected that option in proportion to their respective ownership immediately prior to the acquisition. The Company accrued approximately $8.4 million as of December 31, 2006, which represents the estimated contingent payment earned in 2006 and due in 2007. The remaining future payments are contingent upon Anchor achieving certain earnings goals through a five-year earn-out period and, therefore, are not determinable beyond a reasonable doubt. As such, the Company has not accrued these future payments. The annual earn-out payments are based on the compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”) of Anchor’s annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“Anchor EBITDA”), as defined in the Anchor merger agreement, over the base year Anchor EBITDA. A multiple, which varies based on the CAGR is then applied to 80% of the annual Anchor EBITDA to calculate the amount of the contingent payment. The Anchor merger agreement does not provide for a minimum payment, nor does it cap the total amount that may be paid. Therefore, future contingent payments will depend on the financial results of Anchor.

In addition to the earn-out, certain employees and former shareholders of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell purchased, for fair value, profits interests units representing in the aggregate a 20% interest in the profits and losses of Anchor in periods following the acquisition, which is reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as a minority interest in “Other Liabilities” and is included in the “Other” category of operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operation. The profits interests units entitle the holder to share pro-rata in the earnings of Anchor for as long as they are held. Pursuant to the terms of the transaction, the Company and the profits interests unit holders have under certain circumstances, the right to call and put, respectively, the profits interests units at a price based on the then fair value.

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The following is a summary of the significant accounting and reporting policies used by management in preparing and presenting the consolidated financial statements.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries include Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, Gibraltar, Westfield, Sand Hill, BPVI and RINET. The Company’s majority-owned subsidiaries include DGHM and KLS. The Company owns 100% of Anchor, which owns 80% of the profits interests in Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation, and the portion of income allocated to owners other than the Company is included in minority interest in the consolidated statements of operations. Minority interest in the consolidated balance sheets includes the capital account of other owners in majority-owned subsidiaries and is included in Other Liabilities.

 

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The Company applies the equity method of accounting to investments that the Company or a subsidiary do not hold a majority interest in but have the ability to exercise significant influence over operations. The Company includes its proportionate share of earnings of equity method investments as a separate line item on the consolidated statements of operations. Equity method investments at December 31, 2006, and 2005 of $33.2 million and $44.1 million, respectively, which include the minority interests in Coldstream Holdings, BOS, affordable housing partnerships, and other partnership holdings, are included in Other Assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

The financial statements are prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year’s financial statements to conform to the current years presentation.

Use of Estimates

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to change, in the near term, relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses as well as the evaluation of goodwill and other intangibles.

Investment Management and Wealth Advisory Fees

The Company generates fee income from providing investment management and trust services to its clients at the Banks and from providing investment management and wealth advisory services through the Registered Investment Advisors. These fees are generally based upon the value of assets under management and are billed monthly, quarterly or annually. Asset-based advisory fees are recognized monthly as services are rendered and are based upon a percentage of the market value of client assets managed. Certain wealth advisory fees are not asset based and are negotiated individually with clients. Any fees collected in advance are deferred and recognized as income over the period earned. Performance-based advisory fees are generally assessed as a percentage of the investment performance realized on a client’s account, generally over an annual period, and are not recognized until any contingencies in the contract that could require the performance fee to be reduced have been eliminated.

Investment management and trust assets under management at the Company’s consolidated affiliates totaled $29.8 billion, $21.3 billion and $19.3 billion at December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. These assets are not included in the consolidated financial statements since they are held in a fiduciary or agency capacity and are not assets of the Company.

Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk

Most of the Company’s activities are with customers within the New England, New York City, northern and southern California, and south Florida regions of the country. Note 6: Investment Securities, highlights the types of securities in which the Company invests and Note 7: Loans Receivable, describes the types of lending activities the Company engages in. The Company does not have any significant concentrations in any one industry or customer.

Statement of Cash Flows

For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Company considers cash and due from banks and federal funds sold, all of which have original maturities with 90 days or less, to be cash equivalents.

 

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Cash and Due from Banks

Each Bank is required to maintain average reserve balances in a non-interest bearing account with the Federal Reserve Bank based upon a percentage of certain deposits. As of December 31, 2006, the daily amount required to be held for Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, and Gibraltar was $7.0 million, $260 thousand, $8.5 million, and $2.5 million, respectively.

Investment Securities

Investments available-for-sale are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses credited or charged, net of estimated tax effect, to accumulated other comprehensive income. Investments held-to-maturity are those which the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity and are reported at amortized cost.

Premiums and discounts on the investment securities are amortized or accreted into interest income by a method that approximates the level-yield method. Actual prepayment experience is reviewed periodically and the timing of the accretion and amortization is adjusted accordingly. Gains and losses on the sale of the investments available-for-sale are recognized at the time of sale on a specific identification basis. Dividend and interest income is recognized when earned.

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount.

If a decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis of an investment security is judged to be other-than-temporary, the cost basis of the investment is written down to fair value. To determine whether impairment is other-than-temporary, the Company considers whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market price recovery. The Company also considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. The amount of the write down is included as a charge against gain on sale of investments and a new cost basis for the investment is established.

Loans Held for Sale

Loans originated and held for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate. Fair value is based on commitments on hand from investors or prevailing market prices. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income.

Loans

Loans are carried at the principal amount outstanding generally including deferred loan origination fees and costs. Loan origination fees, net of related direct incremental loan origination costs, are deferred and recognized into income over the contractual lives of the related loans as an adjustment to the loan yield, using a method which approximates the level-yield method. When a loan is paid-off or sold, the unamortized portion of net fees is recognized into interest income, or gain/loss on sale of loans, respectively.

Impaired loans are loans for which it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements. Impaired loans are accounted for at the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except those loans that are accounted for at fair value or at the lower of cost or fair value. Impairment is measured based on the fair value of the collateral if it is determined that foreclosure is probable. Accrual of interest income is discontinued and all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period income when a loan is initially classified as impaired. Interest received on impaired loans is either applied against principal or reported as income according to management’s judgment as to the collectibility of principal. At December 31, 2006, and 2005 the amounts of impaired loans were immaterial.

 

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Loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued are designated non-accrual loans. Accrual of interest income on loans is discontinued when concern exists as to the collectibility of principal or interest. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period income. Loans are removed from non-accrual status when they become less than 90 days past due and when concern no longer exists as to the collectibility of principal or interest. Interest received on non-accrual loans is either applied against principal or reported as income according to management’s judgment as to the collectibility of principal.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is established through a charge to operations. When management believes that the collection of a loan’s principal balance is unlikely, the principal amount is charged against the allowance. Recoveries on loans that have been previously charged-off are credited to the allowance as amounts are received.

The allowance for loan losses is determined using a systematic analysis and a disciplined procedure based on historical experience, product types, and industry benchmarks. The allowance is segregated into three components: “general,” “specific” and “unallocated.” The general component is determined by applying coverage percentages to groups of loans based on risk. A system of periodic loan reviews is performed to assess the inherent risk and assign risk ratings to each loan individually. Coverage percentages applied are determined based on industry practice and management’s judgment. The specific component is established by allocating a portion of the allowance for loan losses to individual classified loans on the basis of specific circumstances and assessments. The unallocated component supplements the first two components based on management’s judgment of the effect of current and forecasted economic conditions on borrowers’ abilities to repay, an evaluation of the allowance for loan losses in relation to the size of the overall loan portfolio, and consideration of the relationship of the allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans, net charge-off trends, and other factors. While this evaluation process utilizes historical and other objective information, the classification of loans and the establishment of the allowance for loan losses rely to a great extent on the judgment and experience of management.

While management evaluates currently available information in establishing the allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review a financial institution’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the financial institution to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment consists of leasehold improvements, equipment and buildings. Equipment consists primarily of computer equipment, art, and furniture and fixtures. Premise and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed primarily by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, or the terms of the leases, if shorter, for leasehold improvements. The estimated useful lives for leasehold improvements and buildings are 5-15 years and 40 years, respectively. The estimated useful life for furniture and fixtures is 2-10 years and is 3-5 years for computer equipment. The costs of improvements that extend the life of an asset are capitalized, while the cost of repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Both land and art are not depreciated.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The Company allocates the cost of an acquired entity to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Other intangible assets identified in acquisitions generally consist of advisory contracts, core deposit intangibles and non-compete agreements. The value attributed to

 

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advisory contracts is based on the time period over which they are expected to generate economic benefits. Core deposit intangibles are valued based on the expected longevity of the core deposit accounts and the expected cost savings associated with the use of the existing core deposit base rather than alternative funding sources. Non-compete agreements are valued based on the expected receipt of future economic benefits protected by clauses in the non-compete agreements that restrict competitive behavior.

We test other intangible assets with definite lives for impairment by comparing the carrying amount to the sum of undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of the asset is less than its undiscounted cash flows, then an impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds its fair value.

The excess of the purchase price for acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including other intangible assets, is reported as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at the segment level at least annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently whenever events or circumstances occur that indicate that it is more likely than not that an impairment loss has occurred. The fair value of each segment is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis and by review of comparable market multiples. If the carrying amount of the goodwill exceeds its estimated fair value, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt issuance costs for Boston Private Capital Trust I and Boston Private Capital Trust II (together the “Trusts”) and for the junior subordinated debentures assumed through the acquisition of FPB are recorded as an asset. The costs associated with the Trusts are amortized using the effective-yield method over the life of the securities. Debt issuance costs for the junior subordinated debentures assumed through the acquisition of FPB are amortized over a 65 month-period on a straight-line basis. The Company had approximately $3.7 million and $3.9 million in debt issuance costs at December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively.

Investment Tax Credits

We record low-income housing and rehabilitation investment tax credits using the equity method in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Abstract No. 94-1, Accounting for Tax Benefits Resulting from Investments in Affordable Housing Projects. The equity method recognizes tax credits in the same year they are allowed for tax reporting purposes.

Stock-Based Incentive Plans

At December 31, 2006, the Company has three stock-based compensation plans. These plans encourage and enable the officers, employees, non-employee directors and other key persons of the Company to acquire a proprietary interest in the Company. Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for these plans under the intrinsic-value based method in accordance with the Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related Interpretations, as permitted by Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (FAS 123). Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123(Revised), Share-Based Payment (“FAS 123(R)”), using the modified retrospective application method. Under the modified retrospective application method, the Company has adjusted all applicable prior periods to reflect the effects of applying FAS 123(R). See Note 17: Employee Benefits, for more information on the adoption of FAS 123(R).

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

As required by FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, the Company records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of

 

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derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges.

For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is initially reported in other comprehensive income (outside of earnings) and subsequently reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings, and the ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized directly in earnings. The Company assesses the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in cash flows of the designated hedged transactions.

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income during the period that includes the enactment date.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the entity. The dilutive effect of convertible securities are reflected in diluted EPS by application of the if-converted method. Under the if-converted method, the interest expense on the convertible securities, net of tax, is added back to net income and the convertible shares are assumed to have been converted at the beginning of the period. The if-converted method is only used if the effect is dilutive.

The following table is a reconciliation of the components of basic and diluted EPS computations for the three years ended December 31:

 

(In thousands, except per share data)

   2006    2005    2004

Calculation of net income for EPS:

        

Net income as reported and for basic EPS

   $ 54,373    $ 43,546    $ 31,233

Interest on convertible trust preferred securities, net of tax

     3,060      3,059      672
                    

Net income for EPS calculation using the if-converted method

   $ 57,433    $ 46,605    $ 31,905

Calculation of average shares outstanding:

        

Average basic common shares outstanding(1)

     35,453      29,425      27,313

Dilutive effect of:

        

Stock options, stock grants and other

     1,453      1,071      936

Forward agreement(1)

     —        147      119

Convertible trust preferred securities

     3,183      3,182      657
                    

Dilutive potential common shares

     4,636      4,400      1,712
                    

Average diluted common shares outstanding

     40,089      33,825      29,025
                    

Per Share Data:

        

Basic earnings per share

   $ 1.53    $ 1.48    $ 1.14

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.43    $ 1.38    $ 1.10

 

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(1) On March 31, 2004, the FASB changed its interpretation of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, Earnings Per Share, affecting the calculation of EPS for variable priced contracts. This interpretation applied to the Company’s Forward Stock Agreement (the “Agreement”). As a result, the Company amended this Agreement effective April 1, 2004, and such amendment eliminated the need to include the effect of the Agreement in basic shares after that date. The new interpretation required the Company to account for the original Agreement differently by including approximately 497 thousand and 132 thousand unissued shares in the calculation of basic EPS for the years ended December 31, 2004, and 2003, respectively.

On September 29, 2005, the Company exercised the Agreement. Under the settlement terms of the Agreement the Company received approximately $36.4 million in proceeds from the issuance of 1.6 million shares of the Company’s common stock.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, (“FAS 155”). FAS 155 amends FASB Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities and FASB Statement No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities, and allows an entity to remeasure at fair value a hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation from the host, if the holder irrevocably elects to account for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. FAS 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued in fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the statement will have on the financial statements and believes that, when adopted, will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

In March 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets —An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140 (“FAS 156”). FAS 156 requires that all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities be initially measured at fair value, if practicable. The statement permits, but does not require, the subsequent measurement of servicing assets and servicing liabilities at fair value. FAS 156 is effective for fiscal years that begin after September 15, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of FAS 156 will have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an Interpretation of FASB Statement 109 (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty with respect to income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, by providing guidance on the recognition, derecognition and classification of taxes, interest and penalties and the accounting during interim periods of uncertain tax positions including financial statement disclosure. This interpretation will become effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, and will be adopted using a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“FAS 157”). This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and requires certain disclosures about fair value measurements. FAS 157 provides guidance on how to measure fair value when required under existing accounting standards. The statement establishes a fair value hierarchy of three levels based on the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Required disclosures will focus on the inputs used to measure fair value, fair value measurements, and the effects of the measurements in the financial statements. FAS 157 is effective for fiscal

 

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years beginning after November 15, 2007, with earlier application allowed. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this statement on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

In September 2006, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 06-4, Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements, which requires recognition of a liability for future benefits associated with endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangements with employees. The consensus is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007, and should be adopted as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings or through retrospective application to all prior periods. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this consensus on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

In September 2006, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 06-5, Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance—Determining the Amount That Could Be Realized in Accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4. This consensus consists of three issues related to accounting for life insurance policies purchased by entities to provide employee benefits and to protect against the loss of “key persons.” The consensus clarifies how an entity should determine the amount that could be realized under the insurance contract and whether the determination should be on an individual or group policy basis. The consensus is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, and should be adopted as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings or through retrospective application to all prior periods. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this consensus on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“FAS 159”). FAS 159 permits entities to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value and amended FASB Statement No. 115, Accounting for Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option is elected will be reported in earnings. FAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this statement on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

4. COMPREHENSIVE AND ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Comprehensive income represents the change in equity of the Company during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-stockholder sources. It includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by stockholders and distributions to stockholders.

 

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The Company’s other comprehensive income and related tax effects for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 is as follows:

 

(In thousands)

   Pre-tax    

Tax expense

(benefit)

    Net  

Other comprehensive income:

      

2006

      

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale

   $ 2,314     $ 788     $ 1,526  

Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge

     (454 )     (93 )     (361 )

Less: adjustment for ineffective portion

     6       2       4  
                        

Net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge

     (448 )     (91 )     (357 )
                        

Other comprehensive income (loss)

   $ 1,866     $ 697     $ 1,169  
                        

2005

      

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale

   $ (4,717 )   $ (1,818 )   $ (2,899 )

Less: adjustment for realized gains

     (20 )     (9 )     (11 )
                        

Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale

   $ (4,737 )   $ (1,827 )   $ (2,910 )

Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge

     (71 )     (30 )     (41 )
                        

Other comprehensive income (loss)

   $ (4,808 )   $ (1,857 )   $ (2,951 )
                        

2004

      

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale

   $ (5,045 )   $ (2,187 )   $ (2,858 )

Less: adjustment for realized gains

     (373 )     (151 )     (222 )
                        

Other comprehensive income (loss)

   $ (5,418 )   $ (2,338 )   $ (3,080 )
                        

The following table details the components of the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three years ended December 31:

 

(In thousands)

   2006     2005     2004  

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income:

      

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale, net of tax

   $ (1,893 )   $ (3,419 )   $ (509 )

Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge, net of tax

     (398 )     (41 )     —    
                        

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

   $ (2,291 )   $ (3,460 )   $ (509 )
                        

5. BUSINESS SEGMENTS

Management Reporting

The Company has twelve reportable segments: Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, Gibraltar, Westfield, DGHM, Sand Hill, BPVI, KLS, RINET, Anchor, and Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. (Parent Company only) (“HC”). The financial performance of the Company is managed and evaluated by business segment. The segments are managed separately as each business is a company with different clients, employees, systems, risks, and marketing strategies.

Description of Business Segments

A description of each business segment, except the HC, is provided in Note 1: Organization.

 

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Measurement of Segment Profit and Assets

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 3: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Revenues, expenses, and assets are recorded by each segment, and management reviews separate financial statements.

Reconciliation of Reportable Segment Items

The following tables are a reconciliation of the revenues, net income, assets, and other significant items of reportable segments:

AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006

 

(In thousands)

  Westfield   DGHM  

Sand

Hill

  BPVI   KLS   RINET   Anchor  

Total

Registered

Investment

Advisers

Income Statement Data:

               

Revenue

               

Net interest income

  $ 323   $ 153   $ 25   $ 22   $ 195   $ 51   $ 45   $ 814

Non-interest income

    58,351     27,478     6,752     6,984     12,375     8,181     16,633     136,754
                                               

Total revenues

  $ 58,674   $ 27,631   $ 6,777   $ 7,006   $ 12,570   $ 8,232   $ 16,678   $ 137,568

Non-interest expense and minority interest

    34,625     19,640     6,163     5,579     10,101     7,243     13,077     96,428

Income taxes

    10,079     3,642     239     600     1,170     424     1,525     17,679
                                               

Segment profit

  $ 13,970   $ 4,349   $ 375   $ 827   $ 1,299   $ 565   $ 2,076   $ 23,461

Segment assets

  $ 57,551   $ 98,655   $ 16,646   $ 5,742   $ 35,836   $ 6,180   $ 88,346   $ 308,956

Amortization of intangibles

  $ —     $ 3,540   $ 102   $ 238   $ 898   $ —     $ 2,005   $ 6,783

(In millions)

                               

Assets under management

  $ 10,102   $ 2,302   $ 1,252   $ 961   $ 3,727   $ 1,262   $ 6,444   $ 26,050

 

(In thousands)

 

Boston

Private

Bank

  Borel   FPB   Gibraltar  

Total

Banks

 

Total

Registered

Investment

Advisers

  HC    

Inter-

Segment

    Total

Income Statement Data:

                 

Revenue

                 

Net interest income

  $ 64,630   $ 41,705   $ 26,179   $ 52,920   $ 185,434   $ 814   $ (12,858 )   $ 123     $ 173,513

Non-interest income

    17,691     5,448     2,081     8,199     33,419     136,754     2,012       (844 )     171,341
                                                         

Total revenues

  $ 82,321   $ 47,153   $ 28,260   $ 61,119   $ 218,853   $ 137,568   $ (10,846 )   $ (721 )   $ 344,854

Provision for loan losses

    2,708     706     826     1,939     6,179     —       —         —         6,179

Non-interest expense and minority interest

    53,362     23,932     15,097     44,489     136,880     96,428     21,561       (721 )     254,148

Income taxes

    7,005     8,904     4,898     5,996     26,803     17,679     (14,328 )     —         30,154
                                                         

Segment profit

  $ 19,246   $ 13,611   $ 7,439   $ 8,695   $ 48,991   $ 23,461   $ (18,079 )   $ —       $ 54,373

Segment assets

  $ 2,455,651   $ 965,296   $ 552,844   $ 1,482,959   $ 5,456,750   $ 308,956   $ 50,607     $ (52,769 )   $ 5,763,544

Amortization of intangibles

  $ —     $ —     $ 819   $ 5,739   $ 6,558   $ 6,783   $ 308     $ —       $ 13,649

(In millions)

                                       

Assets under management

  $ 2,369   $ 731   $ 5   $ 907   $ 4,012   $ 26,050   $ —       $ (238 )   $ 29,824

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005

 

(In thousands)

   Westfield    DGHM   

Sand

Hill

   BPVI    KLS    RINET   

Total

Registered

Investment

Advisers

Income Statement Data:

                    

Revenue

                    

Net interest income

   $ 78    $ 77    $ 20    $ 11    $ 112    $ 25    $ 323

Non-interest income

     49,699      27,227      6,631      6,417      10,783      8,161      108,918
                                                

Total revenues

   $ 49,777    $ 27,304    $ 6,651    $ 6,428    $ 10,895    $ 8,186    $ 109,241

Non-interest expense and minority interest

     29,801      19,924      5,920      5,028      9,276      7,127      77,076

Income taxes

     8,360      3,411      301      611      744      451      13,878
                                                

Segment profit

   $ 11,616    $ 3,969    $ 430    $ 789    $ 875    $ 608    $ 18,287

Segment assets

   $ 45,503    $ 103,117    $ 16,439    $ 5,806    $ 35,902    $ 5,582    $ 212,349

Amortization of intangibles

   $ —      $ 3,957    $ 102    $ 238    $ 1,034    $ —      $ 5,331

(In millions)

                                  

Assets under management

   $ 8,325    $ 3,259    $ 1,094    $ 867    $ 3,140    $ 1,129    $ 17,814

 

(In thousands)

 

Boston

Private

Bank

  Borel   FPB   Gibraltar  

Total

Banks

 

Total

Registered

Investment

Advisers

  HC    

Inter-

Segment

    Total

Income Statement Data:

                 

Revenue

                 

Net interest income

  $ 62,145   $ 37,805   $ 21,579   $ 13,860   $ 135,389   $ 323   $ (6,971 )   $ (2 )   $ 128,739

Non-interest income

    16,424     4,593     2,240     1,813     25,070     108,918     1,164       (565 )     134,587
                                                         

Total revenues

  $ 78,569   $ 42,398   $ 23,819   $ 15,673   $ 160,459   $ 109,241   $ (5,807 )   $ (567 )   $ 263,326

Provision for loan losses

    2,266     1,705     919     548     5,438     —       —         —         5,438

Non-interest expense and minority interest

    50,098     20,208     12,892     9,824     93,022     77,076     19,250       (567 )     188,781

Income taxes

    7,065     7,635     3,968     2,109     20,777     13,878     (9,094 )     —         25,561
                                                         

Segment profit

  $ 19,140   $ 12,850   $ 6,040   $ 3,192   $ 41,222   $ 18,287   $ (15,963 )   $ —       $ 43,546

Segment assets

  $ 2,231,513   $ 853,466   $ 476,175   $ 1,321,443   $ 4,882,597   $ 212,349   $ 57,523     $ (33,901 )   $ 5,118,568

Amortization of intangibles

  $ —     $ —     $ 824   $ 1,479   $ 2,303   $ 5,331   $ —       $ —       $ 7,634

(In millions)

                                       

Assets under management

  $ 2,310   $ 661   $ —     $ 757   $ 3,728   $ 17,814   $ —       $ (203 )   $ 21,339

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004

 

(In thousands)

   Westfield    DGHM   

Sand

Hill

   BPVI    KLS    RINET   

Total

Registered

Investment

Advisers

Income Statement Data:

                    

Revenue

                    

Net interest income

   $ 56    $ —      $ 3    $ 8    $ —      $ 10    $ 77

Non-interest income

     45,578      22,240      6,069      6,007      —        7,800      87,694
                                                

Total revenues

   $ 45,634    $ 22,240    $ 6,072    $ 6,015      —      $ 7,810    $ 87,771

Non-interest expense and minority interest

     27,028      17,077      5,596      5,111      —        6,881      61,693

Income Taxes

     7,787      2,348      199      418      —        395      11,147
                                                

Segment profit

   $ 10,819    $ 2,815    $ 277    $ 486    $ —      $ 534    $ 14,931

Segment assets

   $ 35,961    $ 104,841    $ 16,485    $ 5,043    $ 33,343    $ 4,556    $ 200,229

Amortization of intangibles

   $ —      $ 3,939    $ 104    $ 238    $ —      $ —      $ 4,281

(In millions)

                                  

Assets under management

   $ 7,707    $ 3,353    $ 1,062    $ 860    $ 2,880    $ 1,051    $ 16,913

 

(In thousands)

  

Boston

Private

Bank

   Borel    FPB   

Total

Banks

  

Total

Registered

Investment

Advisers

   HC    

Inter-

Segment

    Total

Income Statement Data:

                     

Revenue

                     

Net interest income

   $ 50,564    $ 28,625    $ 10,541    $ 89,730    $ 77    $ (1,238 )   $ 10     $ 88,579

Non-interest income

     14,515      4,055      1,744      20,314      87,694      652       (447 )     108,213
                                                         

Total revenues

   $ 65,079    $ 32,680    $ 12,285    $ 110,044    $ 87,771    $ (586 )   $ (437 )   $ 196,792

Provision for loan losses

     2,375      1,575      335      4,285      —        —         —         4,285

Non-interest expense and minority interest

     44,046      17,378      6,583      68,007      61,693      15,209       (437 )     144,472

Income taxes

     4,290      5,624      2,212      12,126      11,147      (6,471 )     —         16,802
                                                         

Segment profit

   $ 14,368    $ 8,103    $ 3,155    $ 25,626    $ 14,931    $ (9,324 )   $ —       $ 31,233

Segment assets

   $ 1,888,341    $ 734,704    $ 427,586    $ 3,050,631    $ 200,229    $ 47,366     $ (23,805 )   $ 3,274,421

Amortization of intangibles

   $ 5    $ —      $ 378    $ 383    $ 4,281    $ —       $ —       $ 4,664

(In millions)

                                         

Assets under management

   $ 2,010    $ 568    $ —      $ 2,578    $ 16,913    $ —       $ (185 )   $ 19,306

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

6. INVESTMENT SECURITIES

A summary of investment securities follows:

 

          Unrealized      

(In thousands)

  

Amortized

Cost

   Gains    Losses    

Market

Value

At December 31, 2006

          

Available-for-sale securities at fair value:

          

U.S. Government

   $ 18,041    $ 3    $ (62 )   $ 17,982

U.S. Agencies

     182,033      22      (1,253 )     180,802

Corporate bonds

     23,686      —        (276 )     23,410

Municipal bonds

     232,068      598      (1,558 )     231,108

Mortgage-backed securities

     28,515      11      (721 )     27,805

Other

     42,847      33      (139 )     42,741
                            

Total

   $ 527,190    $ 667    $ (4,009 )   $ 523,848
                            

Held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost:

          

U.S. Government

   $ 2,745    $ —      $ (6 )   $ 2,739

U.S. Agencies

     1,970      —        (23 )     1,947

Mortgage-backed securities

     7,660      —        (101 )     7,559

Other

     1,584      —        (10 )     1,574
                            

Total

   $ 13,959    $ —      $ (140 )   $ 13,819
                            

At December 31, 2005

          

Available-for-sale securities at fair value:

          

U.S. Government

   $ 22,618    $ 6    $ (162 )   $ 22,462

U.S. Agencies

     185,311      8      (2,141 )     183,178

Corporate bonds

     45,586      8      (539 )     45,055

Municipal bonds

     225,933      363      (2,215 )     224,081

Mortgage-backed securities

     34,024      —        (942 )     33,082

Other

     4,926      —        (42 )     4,884
                            

Total

   $ 518,398    $ 385    $ (6,041 )   $ 512,742
                            

Held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost:

          

U.S. Government

   $ 4,472    $ —      $ (28 )   $ 4,444

U.S. Agencies

     29,412      —        (27 )     29,385

Mortgage-backed securities

     9,439      —        (127 )     9,312

Other

     1,077      —        (10 )     1,067
                            

Total

   $ 44,400    $ —      $ (192 )   $ 44,208
                            

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

The following table sets forth the maturities of investment securities available-for-sale, based on contractual maturity, at December 31, 2006, and the weighted average yields of such securities:

 

     U.S. Government     U.S. Agencies     Corporate Bonds  

(In thousands)

 

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

   

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

   

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

 

Within one year

  $ 14,110   $ 14,073   4.40 %   $ 74,598   $ 74,183   3.71 %   $ 20,686   $ 20,528   3.75 %

After one, but within five years

    3,931     3,909   4.43 %     103,223     102,487   4.61 %     3,000     2,882   2.45 %

After five, but within ten years

    —       —     —         4,212     4,132   5.48 %     —       —     —    

After ten years

    —       —     —         —       —     —         —       —     —    
                                                     

Total

  $ 18,041   $ 17,982   4.41 %   $ 182,033   $ 180,802   4.26 %   $ 23,686   $ 23,410   3.59 %
                                                     

 

     Municipal Bonds     Mortgage-Backed Securities     Other Investment Securities  

(In thousands)

 

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

   

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

   

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

 

Within one year

  $ 78,000   $ 77,561   2.60 %   $ —     $ —     —       $ 37,879   $ 37,894   5.11 %

After one, but within five years

    68,617     67,833   3.18 %     7,940     7,658   3.81 %     2,500     2,466   4.01 %

After five, but within ten years

    76,772     77,078   3.74 %     —       —     —         —       —     —    

After ten years

    8,679     8,636   3.36 %     20,575     20,147   3.81 %     2,468     2,381   4.36 %
                                                     

Total

  $ 232,068   $ 231,108   3.18 %   $ 28,515   $ 27,805   3.81 %   $ 42,847   $ 42,741   5.00 %
                                                     

Mortgage-backed securities are shown based on their final maturity, but due to prepayments, they are expected to have shorter lives. Certain securities are callable before their final maturity.

The following table sets forth the maturities of investment securities held-to-maturity, based on contractual maturity, at December 31, 2006, and the weighted average yields of such securities:

 

    U.S. Government     U.S. Agencies     Mortgage-Backed Securities  

(In thousands)

 

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

   

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

   

Amortized

Cost

 

Market

Value

 

Weighted

Average

Yield

 

Within one year

  $ 2,745   $ 2,739   3.75 %   $ —     $ —     —       $ —     $ —     —    

After one, but within five years

    —       —     —         1,970     1,947   4.23 %     780     774   4.77 %

After five, but within ten years

    —       —     —         —       —     —         1,842     1,814   4.42 %

After ten years

    —       —     —         —       —     —         5,038     4,971   4.94 %
                                                     

Total

  $ 2,745   $ 2,739   3.75 %   $ 1,970   $ 1,947   4.23 %   $ 7,660   $ 7,559   4.80 %
                                                     

 

     Other Investment Securities  

(In thousands)

   Amortized
Cost
  

Market

Value

   Weighted
Average
Yield
 

Within one year

   $ —      $ —      —    

After one, but within five years

     600      600    5.58 %

After five, but within ten years

     —        —      —    

After ten years

     984      974    4.80 %
                    

Total

   $ 1,584    $ 1,574    5.10 %
                    

 

87


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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Mortgage-backed securities are shown based on their final maturity, but due to prepayments, they are expected to have shorter lives. Included in U.S. Agencies is one investment which can be called prior to maturity.

The weighted average remaining life of investment securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2006, was 3.49 years. As of December 31, 2006, approximately $123.5 million of investment securities available-for-sale were callable before maturity. The weighted average yield is calculated based on average amortized cost which does not include the effect of changes in market value that are reflected as a component of stockholders’ equity.

The following table presents the sale of investment securities available-for-sale with the resulting realized gains, losses, and net proceeds from such sales:

 

(In thousands)

  

Year Ended

December 31, 2006

   

Year Ended

December 31, 2005

   

Year Ended

December 31, 2004

Amortized cost of securities sold

   $ 72     $ 48,261     $ 81,619

Gains realized on sales

     4       218       373

Losses realized on sales

     (4 )     (198 )     —  
                      

Net proceeds from sales

   $ 72     $ 48,281     $ 81,992
                      

The following tables sets forth information regarding securities at December 31, 2006, and 2005, having temporary impairment, due to the fair market values having declined below the amortized costs of the individual securities, and the time period that the investments have been temporarily impaired.

 

     Less Than 12 Months     12 Months or Longer     Total  

(In thousands)

  

Market

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

   

Market

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

   

Market

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

 

At December 31, 2006

               

Available-for-sale securities:

               

U.S. Government

   $ 990    $ (5 )   $ 6,883    $ (57 )   $ 7,873    $ (62 )

U.S. Agencies

     40,733      (58 )     124,587      (1,195 )     165,320      (1,253 )

Corporate bonds

     —        —         20,410      (276 )     20,410      (276 )

Municipal bonds

     47,834      (161 )     107,730      (1,397 )     155,564      (1,558 )

Mortgage-backed securities

     1,413      (6 )     24,627      (715 )     26,040      (721 )

Other

     140      (18 )     4,347      (121 )     4,487      (139 )
                                             

Total

   $ 91,110    $ (248 )   $ 288,584    $ (3,761 )   $ 379,694    $ (4,009 )
                                             

Held-to-maturity securities:

               

U.S. Government

   $ 496    $ (1 )   $ 2,243    $ (5 )   $ 2,739    $ (6 )

U.S. Agencies

     —        —         1,947      (23 )     1,947      (23 )

Mortgage-backed securities

     —        —         7,560      (101 )     7,560      (101 )

Other

     —        —         974      (10 )     974      (10 )
                                             

Total

   $ 496    $ (1 )   $ 12,724    $ (139 )   $ 13,220    $ (140 )
                                             

At December 31, 2006, the above U.S. Government securities are comprised of four securities available-for-sale, and five securities held-to-maturity, which are guaranteed by the U.S. Government. The above U.S. Agencies securities are comprised of 69 securities available-for-sale, and one held-to-maturity security which is guaranteed by an agency of the U.S. Government. The above Corporate Bonds are comprised of nine securities available-for-sale with a Moody’s credit rating of at least Baa-2. The above municipal bonds are comprised of 150 securities available-for-sale which have a Moody’s credit rating of at least Aa-3. The above mortgage-backed securities are comprised of nine securities available-for-sale, and six securities held-to-maturity, which were guaranteed by either the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. (“FHLMC”) or the

 

88


Table of Contents

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”). Because the decline in market value is primarily attributed to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company has the intent and ability to hold these investments until a market price recovery or maturity, these investments are not considered other-than-temporarily impaired. Decisions to hold or sell securities are influenced by the Banks need for liquidity, alternative investments, risk assessment, and asset liability management.

 

     Less Than 12 Months     12 Months or Longer     Total  

(In thousands)

  

Market

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

   

Market

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

   

Market

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

 

At December 31, 2005

               

Available-for-sale securities:

               

U.S. Government

   $ 6,933    $ (38 )   $ 6,970    $ (124 )   $ 13,903    $ (162 )

U.S. Agencies

     95,714      (791 )     75,348      (1,350 )     171,062      (2,141 )

Corporate bonds

     19,654      (60 )     13,839      (479 )     33,493      (539 )

Municipal bonds

     115,979      (727 )     75,762      (1,488 )     191,741      (2,215 )

Mortgage-backed securities

     6,960      (82 )     26,055      (860 )     33,015      (942 )

Other

     4,884      (42 )     —        —         4,884      (42 )
                                             

Total

   $ 250,124    $ (1,740 )   $ 197,974    $ (4,301 )   $ 448,098    $ (6,041 )
                                             

Held-to-maturity securities:

               

U.S. Government

   $ 4,444    $ (28 )   $ —      $ —       $ 4,444    $ (28 )

U.S. Agencies

     29,385      (27 )     —        —         29,385      (27 )

Mortgage-backed securities

     9,312      (127 )     —        —         9,312      (127 )

Other

     967      (10 )     —        —         967      (10 )
                                             

Total

   $ 44,108    $ (192 )   $ —      $ —       $ 44,108    $ (192 )
                                             

At December 31, 2005, the above U.S. Government securities are comprised of seven securities available-for-sale, and five securities held-to-maturity, which are guaranteed by the U.S. Government. The above U.S. Agencies securities are comprised of 80 securities available-for-sale, and three held-to-maturity securities which are guaranteed by an agency of the U.S. Government. The above Corporate Bonds are comprised of 20 securities available-for-sale with a Moody’s credit rating of at least Baa-3. The above municipal bonds are comprised of 143 securities available-for-sale which have a Moody’s credit rating of at least Baa-1. The above mortgage-backed securities are comprised of eight securities available-for-sale, and ten securities held-to-maturity, which were guaranteed by either the FHLMC or FNMA. Because the decline in market value is primarily attributed to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company has the intent and ability to hold these investments until a market price recovery or maturity, these investments are not considered other-than-temporarily impaired. Decisions to hold or sell securities are influenced by the Banks need for liquidity, alternative investments, risk assessment, and asset liability management.

The following table sets forth the cost method investments, which are included in Other Assets, having temporary impairment, due to the fair market values having declined below the amortized costs of the individual investments, and the time period that the investments have been temporarily impaired:

 

     Less Than 12 Months    12 Months or Longer     Total  

(In thousands)

  

  Market  

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

  

  Market  

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

   

Market

Value

  

Unrealized

Losses

 

At December 31, 2006

                

Cost Method Investments

   $ —      $ —      $ 485    $ (15 )   $ 485    $ (15 )

Total

   $ —      $ —      $ 485    $ (15 )   $ 485    $ (15 )

 

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The cost method investment with unrealized losses at December 31, 2006, was comprised of one investment with an amortized cost of $500 thousand. Boston Private Bank invests primarily in low income housing partnerships which generate tax credits. Boston Private Bank also holds partnership interests in venture capital funds formed to provide financing to small businesses, and to promote community development. Temporary impairment is caused by the fact that the partnerships are still in the early stages of their lives, and have not yet invested all of their funds and/or have had enough time to fully develop their portfolio companies. Therefore, management does not believe these investments are other-than-temporarily impaired.

At December 31, 2005, there were no cost method investments having temporary impairment. The Company recorded a write-down of approximately $306 thousand for cost method investments in 2005 due to an other-than-temporary impairment. The Company had $22.3 million and $23.1 million in cost method investments included in Other Assets at December 31, 2006, and 2005 respectively.

The following table presents the concentration of securities with any one issuer that exceeds ten percent of stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 2006:

 

(In thousands)

  

Amortized

Cost

  

Market

Value

Federal Home Loan Bank

   $ 101,047    $ 100,371

Federal National Mortgage Association

     86,807      85,798
             

Total

   $ 187,854    $ 186,169
             

7. LOANS RECEIVABLE

The Banks’ lending activities are conducted principally in New England, northern and southern California, and south Florida. The Banks originate single and multi-family residential loans, commercial real estate loans, commercial loans, construction loans, and home equity and consumer loans. Most loans are secured by borrowers’ personal or business assets. The ability of the Banks’ single family residential and consumer borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic activity within the lending area. Commercial borrowers’ ability to repay is generally dependent upon the health of the economy and the real estate sector in particular. Accordingly, the ultimate collectibility of a substantial portion of the Banks’ loan portfolio is susceptible to changing conditions in the New England, northern and southern California, and south Florida economies. Included in total loans are $5.0 million and $3.4 million of net deferred loan fees as of December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively. Mortgage loans serviced for others totaled $17.8 million and $5.8 million at December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively.

Loans to senior management, executive officers, and directors are generally made in the ordinary course of business, under normal credit terms, including interest rates and collateral requirements prevailing at the time of origination for comparable transactions with other persons, and do not represent more than normal credit risk. Gibraltar has an Employee Loan Program that provides eligible employees, including senior management and executive officers, with a beneficial rate on mortgage loans. Gibraltar had $10.6 million and $5.4 million in such loans at December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively.

The following table presents a summary of the activity of loans to senior management, executive officers, and directors:

 

(In thousands)

  

Year Ended

December 31, 2006

   

Year Ended

December 31, 2005

 

Balance at beginning of year

   $ 24,894     $ 24,145  

Additions

     13,961       4,912  

Repayments

     (10,142 )     (12,524 )

Addition due to acquisition

     —         8,361  
                

Balance at end of year

   $ 28,713     $ 24,894  
                

 

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The following table presents a summary of risk elements within the loan portfolio:

 

(In thousands)

   December 31, 2006    December 31, 2005

Non-accrual loans

   $ 9,999    $ 7,900

Loans past due 90 days or more, but still accruing

     24      132

Loans past due 30-89 days

   $ 13,424    $ 7,907

Interest income that would have been recorded on non-accrual loans in accordance with the loans’ original terms would have been $935 thousand in 2006 and $338 thousand in 2005, compared with amounts that were actually recorded of $287 thousand and $174 thousand, respectively.

8. ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

The allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded loan commitments when combined are referred to as the allowance for credit losses. The allowance for loan losses is reported as a reduction of outstanding loan balances and the reserve for unfunded loan commitments is included within Other Liabilities.

The following table is an analysis of the Company’s allowance for credit losses for the periods indicated:

 

(In thousands)

  

Year Ended

December 31, 2006

   

Year Ended

December 31, 2005

   

Year Ended

December 31, 2004

 

Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period

   $ 37,607     $ 25,021     $ 17,761  

Provision for loan losses

     6,179       5,438       4,285  

Charge-offs

     (898 )     (250 )     (65 )

Recoveries

     499       204       61  

Addition due to acquisitions

     —         7,194       2,979  
                        

Allowance for loan losses, end of period

   $ 43,387     $ 37,607     $ 25,021  
                        

Reserve for unfunded loan commitments, beginning of period

   $ 4,747     $ 2,916     $ 2,411  

Provision for unfunded loan commitments(1)

     839       513       282  

Addition due to acquisitions

     —         1,318       223  
                        

Reserve for unfunded loan commitments, end of period

   $ 5,586     $ 4,747     $ 2,916  
                        

Total allowance for credit losses, end of period

   $ 48,973     $ 42,354     $ 27,937  
                        

(1) Expenses related to off-balance sheet credit risk are included in Other Expenses.

9. DERIVATIVES

Boston Private Bank entered into a $100 million prime-based interest rate floor (the “Floor”) with an effective date of November 1, 2005, and a maturity date of November 1, 2010, and is designated as a cash flow hedge of the risk of overall changes in the cash flows below the floor strike rate, when the Wall Street Journal published prime interest rate falls below 6.50%, for certain variable rate loans based on the prime rate.

The Floor had a fair value of $350 thousand and $798 thousand as of December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively and is included in Other Assets. The decrease in the Floor’s fair value of $361 thousand and $41 thousand (net of income tax benefit of $93 thousand and $30 thousand) in 2006 and 2005, respectively, is separately disclosed in the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income. Changes in fair value due to hedge ineffectiveness were immaterial in 2006, and 2005.

 

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Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to the derivative will be reclassified to interest income as interest payments are received on Boston Private Bank’s variable rate assets. The change in the fair value of the Floor reflects an immaterial reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest expense in 2006, and 2005. During 2007, Boston Private Bank estimates that an additional $109 thousand will be reclassified.

During 2006, Boston Private Bank implemented a program to offer certain derivative products directly to qualified commercial borrowers. These programs are typically used if a borrower wished to fix an interest rate range on a variable rate loan, and Boston Private Bank wants to retain an unrestricted range on its variable rate asset. Boston Private Bank entered into one such derivative transaction, an interest rate collar, during 2006. Boston Private Bank economically hedged the collar executed with the commercial borrower by entering into an equal and offsetting collar with a third party. Derivative transactions executed as part of this program are not designated in qualifying hedging relationships and are, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. However, because the derivatives have mirror-image terms, the majority of the changes in fair value offset through earnings. As of December 31, 2006, the fair value of the derivative asset and the fair value of the offsetting derivative liability is $162 thousand, which are included in Other Assets and Other Liabilities, respectively. Fees earned in connection with the execution of derivatives related to this program are recognized in Other Income.

10. PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT

Premises and equipment consisted of the following:

 

(In thousands)

   December 31, 2006    December 31, 2005

Leasehold improvements

   $ 30,453    $ 21,982

Furniture, fixtures, and equipment

     33,808      27,389

Buildings

     1,393      1,403

Land

     374      374
             

Subtotal

     66,028      51,148
             

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization

     30,387      22,468
             

Premises and equipment, net

   $ 35,641    $ 28,680
             

Depreciation and amortization expense related to premises and equipment was $8.5 million, $5.6 million, and $4.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.

The Company is obligated for minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases. In accordance with the terms of these leases, the Company is currently committed to minimum annual payments as follows:

 

(In thousands)

  

Minimum

Lease Payments

2007

   $ 13,721

2008

     13,922

2009

     13,821

2010

     14,023

2011

     14,166

Thereafter

     50,254
      

Total

   $ 119,907
      

Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $13.4 million, $9.9 million, and $6.9 million, respectively.

 

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11. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following is an analysis of the activity in goodwill:

 

    2006   2005

(In thousands)

Goodwill

 

Balance at

December 31,

2005

 

Acquisitions

and adjustments

   

Balance at

December 31,

2006

 

Balance at

December 31,

2004

 

Acquisitions

and adjustments

   

Balance at

December 31,

2005

Boston Private Bank

  $ 2,403   $ —       $ 2,403   $ 2,403   $ —       $ 2,403

Sand Hill

    13,417     (90 )     13,327     13,417     —         13,417

BPVI

    1,204     (15 )     1,189     1,204     —         1,204

DGHM

    56,890     (422 )     56,468     57,106     (216 )     56,890

FPB

    34,633     (241 )     34,392     37,240     (2,607 )     34,633

KLS

    22,829     —         22,829     19,116     3,713       22,829

Gibraltar

    155,375     (878 )     154,497     —       155,375       155,375

Anchor

    —       38,463       38,463     —       —         —  

Equity method investments

    —       12,065       12,065     —       —         —  
                                       

Total

  $ 286,751   $ 48,882     $ 335,633   $ 130,486   $ 156,265     $ 286,751
                                       

The amount of additional goodwill recognized in 2006 was $42.1 million, which is due to the acquisition of Anchor in the 2nd quarter of 2006, the acquisition in certain equity method investments and other adjustments. Additionally, goodwill increased approximately $8.0 million, on a net basis, due to contingent consideration payments at Anchor and DGHM and decreased $1.2 million due to tax benefits of fully vested stock options issued to employees in previous acquisitions, primarily at FPB and Gibraltar.

The amount of goodwill related to new acquisitions recognized in 2005 was $155.4 million from the Gibraltar acquisition. Other changes in goodwill during 2005 related to contingent consideration payments and acquisition adjustments.

Goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes except for Gibraltar’s, FPB’s which includes Encino, Anchor’s, and a portion of BPVI’s.

The following is an analysis of the activity in intangible assets:

 

     2006    2005

(In thousands)

Other Intangibles

   Gross Carrying
Amount
   Accumulated
Amortization
   Net    Gross Carrying
Amount
   Accumulated
Amortization
   Net

Advisory contracts

   $ 98,194    $ 17,693    $ 80,501    $ 60,490    $ 9,825    $ 50,665

Core deposit intangibles

     47,800      7,497      40,303      47,800      2,233      45,567

Employment agreements

     3,670      1,043      2,627      1,950      526      1,424

Trade names

     1,900      —        1,900      —        —        —  
                                         

Total

   $ 151,564    $ 26,233    $ 125,331    $ 110,240    $ 12,584    $ 97,656
                                         

The Company acquired Anchor on June 1, 2006 and allocated approximately $30.0 million of the purchase price to goodwill, $35.9 million to amortizable intangible assets and $1.9 million to intangible assets not subject to amortization. $34.2 million of the amortizable intangible assets was allocated to advisory contracts and will be amortized over a weighted average period of 12.8 years and $1.7 million was allocated to non-compete agreements that will be amortized over a weighted average period of 7 years. These amortization periods are based upon estimates of their expected useful lives. The intangible asset not subject to amortization was the value attributed to the Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell trade names.

 

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Consolidated expense related to intangible assets subject to amortization was $13.6 million, $7.6 million and $4.7 million for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. The estimated annual amortization expense for these intangibles over the next five years is:

 

      (In thousands)

2007

   $ 13,770

2008

   $ 12,495

2009

   $ 11,446

2010

   $ 10,604

2011

   $ 10,042

12. DEPOSITS

Deposits are summarized as follows:

 

(In thousands)

   December 31, 2006    December 31, 2005

Demand deposits (non-interest bearing)

   $ 794,371    $ 779,606

NOW

     368,238      370,718

Savings

     163,310      73,836

Money market

     1,892,164      1,876,393

Certificates of deposit under $100,000

     143,106      138,519

Certificates of deposit $100,000 or greater

     716,642      509,069
             

Total

   $ 4,077,831    $ 3,748,141
             

Certificates of deposit had the following schedule of maturities:

 

(In thousands)

   December 31, 2006    December 31, 2005

Less than 3 months remaining

   $ 383,711    $ 292,797

3 to 6 months remaining

     264,061      156,992

6 to 12 months remaining

     142,006      120,180

1 to 3 years remaining

     51,990      58,698

3 to 5 years remaining

     6,071      8,913

More than 5 years remaining

     11,909      10,008
             

Total

   $ 859,748    $ 647,588
             

Interest expense on certificates of deposit $100,000 or greater was $26.9 million, $12.8 million, and $6.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.

$3.1 million and $2.2 million of overdrawn deposit accounts were reclassed to loans at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

13. FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK BORROWINGS

Boston Private Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Boston. Borel and FPB are members of the FHLB of San Francisco. Gibraltar is a member of the FHLB of Atlanta. As members of a FHLB, the Banks have access to short and long-term borrowings. Borrowings from the FHLB are secured by the Bank’s stock in the FHLB and a blanket lien on “qualified collateral” defined principally as a percentage of the principal balance of certain types of mortgage loans. The percentage of collateral allowed varies between 50% and 75% based on the type of the underlying collateral. As of December 31, 2006, Boston Private Bank had $366.9 million

 

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of borrowings outstanding and available credit of $238.4 million. Boston Private Bank had additional short-term federal fund lines with the FHLB of $15.0 million at December 31, 2006. Borel had no outstanding borrowings at December 31, 2006. Borel had available credit with the FHLB of $203.1 million as of December 31, 2006. FPB had no outstanding borrowings at December 31, 2006. FPB also had available credit with the FHLB of $97.9 million as of December 31, 2006. Gibraltar had $235.4 million of borrowings outstanding and available credit of $277.3 million at December 31, 2006. The carrying amount of Gibraltar’s FHLB borrowings is $236.0 million due to the unamortized amount of the fair market valuation adjustment at the time of acquisition.

As members of the FHLB, the Banks’ are required to invest in FHLB stock based on a percentage of outstanding advances in addition to a membership stock requirement. The minimum requirements vary depending on the FHLB membership. As a member of the FHLB of Boston, Boston Private Bank is required to own FHLB stock at least equal to 4.5% of outstanding advances. As members of the FHLB of San Francisco, Borel and FPB are required to own FHLB stock at least equal to 4.7% of outstanding advances. Gibraltar, a member of the FHLB of Atlanta, is required to own FHLB stock at least equal to 4.5% of outstanding advances. FHLB stock owned in excess of the minimum requirements can be redeemed at par upon the FHLB’s request. The FHLB redeems excess stock at its option at par from time to time. The Banks’ may not redeem additional purchases of stock prior to a five year minimum holding period.

As of December 31, 2006, the Banks’ FHLB stock holdings totaled $40.0 million. The Banks’ investment in FHLB stock is recorded at cost and is redeemable at par after a five-year holding period.

A summary of borrowings, including Gibraltar’s fair market value adjustment, from the Federal Home Loan Banks is as follows:

 

     December 31, 2006     December 31, 2005  

(In thousands)

   Amount   

Weighted

Average
Rate

    Amount    Weighted
Average
Rate
 

Within 1 year

   $ 254,902    5.16 %   $ 39,715    3.72 %

Over 1 to 2 years

     62,440    4.09 %     58,904    4.01 %

Over 2 to 3 years

     63,532    4.47 %     56,621    3.99 %

Over 3 to 5 years

     145,783    5.10 %     97,575    4.72 %

Over 5 years

     76,246    4.51 %     109,190    4.54 %
                          

Total

   $ 602,903    4.88 %   $ 362,005    4.32 %
                          

 

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14. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS

 

(In thousands)

   Federal Funds
Purchased
    Securities Sold Under
Agreement to
Repurchase
 

2006

    

Outstanding at end of period

   $ —       $ 77,605  

Maximum outstanding at any month-end

     48,200       130,926  

Average balance for the year

     13,356       116,873  

Weighted average rate at end of period

     —   %     2.01 %

Weighted average rate paid for the period

     5.33 %     1.80 %
                

2005

    

Outstanding at end of period

   $ —       $ 107,353  

Maximum outstanding at any month-end

     37,000       107,353  

Average balance for the year

     5,799       100,362  

Weighted average rate at end of period

     —   %     1.02 %

Weighted average rate paid for the period

     3.29 %     1.13 %
                

2004

    

Outstanding at end of period

   $ —       $ 84,550  

Maximum outstanding at any month-end

     16,500       84,550  

Average balance for the year

     2,041       76,784  

Weighted average rate at end of period

     —   %     1.02 %

Weighted average rate paid for the period

     1.43 %     1.03 %
                

The federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase generally mature within 30 days of the transaction date. The Company enters into sales of securities under agreements to repurchase with clients and brokers. These agreements are treated as financing and the obligations to repurchase securities sold are reflected as a liability in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The securities underlying the agreements remain under the Company’s control. Investment securities with a market value of $78.0 million and $107.7 million were pledged as collateral for the securities sold under agreements to repurchase at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

As of December 31, 2006, the Company had an unused line of credit from an unaffiliated bank, which totaled $75.0 million. The Company and its bank subsidiaries are required to maintain specified minimum balances or ratios for: capital, adjusted net tangible capital to adjusted tangible asset ratios, debt equity ratios, loan ratios, non-performing asset ratios, return on average assets ratio, and cash flow requirements for the nonbanks. The credit agreement also includes other covenants, including a restriction limiting dividends to 35% of earnings. The Company was in compliance with all the loan covenants as of December 31, 2006.

As of December 31, 2006, the Banks had unused federal fund lines with the FHLB and other correspondent banks of $154.0 million.

15. JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES

Boston Private Capital Trust II

On September 27, 2005 the Company and Boston Private Capital Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (“Trust II”) entered into a Purchase Agreement for the sale of $100 million of trust preferred securities to be issued by Trust II and guaranteed by the Company on a subordinated basis. Trust II’s preferred securities pay interest quarterly and have an annual distribution rate of 6.25% up to, but not including, December 30, 2010.

 

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Subsequently, Trust II’s preferred securities will convert to a floating rate of a three-month London Inter Bank Offering Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 1.68%, provided, however, that the interest rate does not exceed the highest rate permitted by New York law, and may be modified by the United States law of general application.

Each of the Trust II preferred securities represents an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of Trust II. The Company owns all of Trust II’s common securities. Trust II’s only assets will be the junior subordinated debentures issued to it by the Company on substantially the same payment terms as Trust II’s preferred securities.

The junior subordinated debentures mature on December 30, 2035, and may not be redeemed prior to or on December 30, 2010, except that they may be redeemed at any time upon the occurrence and continuation of certain special events.

The Company has the following covenants with regard to Trust II:

 

   

for so long as Trust II’s preferred securities remain outstanding, the Company shall maintain 100% ownership of the Trust II’s common securities;

 

   

the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to ensure Trust II remains a statutory trust, except in connection with a distribution of debt securities to the holders of the Trust II securities in liquidation of Trust II, the redemption of all Trust II’s securities or mergers, consolidations or incorporation, each as permitted by Trust II’s declaration of trust;

 

   

to continue to be classified as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes; and

 

   

the Company will ensure each holder of Trust II’s preferred securities is treated as owning an undivided beneficial interest in the junior subordinated debentures.

At December 31, 2006, the Company was in compliance with the above covenants.

So long as the Company is not in default in the payment of interest on the junior subordinated debentures, the Company has the right under the indenture to defer payments of interest for up to 20 consecutive quarterly periods. The Company has no current intention to exercise its right to defer interest payments on the junior debentures issued to Trust II. If the Company defers interest payments, it would be subject to certain restrictions relating to the payment of dividends on or purchases of its capital stock and payments on its debt securities ranking equal with or junior to the junior subordinated debentures.

Boston Private Capital Trust I

On October 5, 2004 the Company and Boston Private Capital Trust I, a Delaware statutory trust (“Trust I”), entered into a Purchase Agreement for the sale of $75 million of convertible trust preferred securities to be issued by Trust I and guaranteed by the Company on a subordinated basis. The convertible trust preferred securities have a liquidation amount of $50.00 per security, pay interest quarterly and have a fixed distribution rate of 4.875%. The quarterly distributions are cumulative. The junior subordinated convertible debentures will mature on October 1, 2034. The Company also granted the initial purchasers an option to purchase up to an additional $30 million of convertible trust preferred securities, which was exercised on November 1, 2004.

Each of the convertible trust preferred securities represents an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of Trust I. The Company owns all of Trust I’s common securities. Trust I’s only assets will be the junior subordinated debentures issued to it by the Company on substantially the same payment terms as the convertible trust preferred securities.

 

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The initial conversion ratio was 1.5151 shares of the Company’s common stock, $1.00 par value, for each trust preferred security (equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $33.00 per share), subject to adjustment as described in the offering memorandum. The conversion ratio at December 31, 2006 was 1.5157. The trust preferred securities may not be redeemed prior to October 1, 2009, except that they may be redeemed at any time upon the occurrence of certain special events. The trust preferred securities may be redeemed in whole at any time or in part from time to time on or after October 1, 2009 if the closing price of Boston Private’s common stock for 20 trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the trading day prior to the mailing of the redemption notice exceeds 130% of the then prevailing conversion price of the trust preferred securities. Assuming all $105 million liquidation amount of convertible trust preferred securities are converted, the Company would issue approximately 3,182,970 shares of common stock, based on the December 31, 2006 conversion ratio.

The initial conversion ratio is subject to adjustment if the Company takes certain actions, including paying dividends to all holders of Boston Private common stock, excluding any quarterly cash dividend on Boston Private common stock to the extent that such quarterly cash dividend per share of Boston Private common stock in any quarter does not exceed the greater of (i) $0.060 and (ii) 1.00% multiplied by the average of the daily closing prices per share of Boston Private common stock for the ten consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the declaration date of the dividend. If an adjustment is required to be made as a result of a distribution that is a quarterly dividend, the adjustment would be based upon the amount by which the distribution exceeds the amount of the quarterly cash dividend permitted to be excluded.

The Company has the following covenants with regard to Trust I:

 

   

to cause Trust I to remain a statutory business Trust and not try to voluntarily dissolve, wind-up, liquidate or terminate except as permitted by the Trust agreement;

 

   

to maintain directly or indirectly ownership of all of the common securities of Trust I;

 

   

to use its commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that Trust I will not be an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time, or any successor legislation; and

 

   

to take no action that would be reasonably likely to cause Trust I to be classified as an association or a partnership taxable as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes.

At December 31, 2006, the Company was in compliance with the above covenants.

So long as the Company is not in default in the payment of interest on the junior subordinated convertible debentures, the Company has the right under the indenture to defer payments of interest. The Company has no current intention to exercise its right to defer interest payments on the junior subordinated convertible debentures issued to Trust I. If the Company defers interest payments, it would be subject to certain restrictions relating to the payment of dividends on or purchases of its capital stock and payments on its debt securities ranking equal with or junior to the junior subordinated convertible debentures.

FPB junior subordinated debentures

The Company, through the acquisition of FPB, assumed the outstanding amount of FPB’s junior subordinated debentures of $6 million. The trust preferred securities have a floating rate based on the 3 month LIBOR plus a margin of 3.15% with a maximum rate of 11.75% and pay interest quarterly. The interest rate on December 31, 2006 was 8.52%. The junior subordinated debentures will mature on March 26, 2033, and may not be redeemed prior to, or on March 26, 2008, except that they may be redeemed, in whole or in part from time to time, upon the occurrence and continuation of certain special events.

 

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Gibraltar junior subordinated debentures

The Company, through the acquisition of Gibraltar, assumed the outstanding amount of Gibraltar’s junior subordinated debentures of $16 million. The trust preferred securities pay interest quarterly at a floating rate based on the 3 month LIBOR plus a margin of 2.27%, provided, however, that the interest rate does not exceed the highest rate permitted by New York law, and may be modified by the United States law of general application. The interest rate on December 31, 2006 was 7.64%. The junior subordinated debentures will mature on February 23, 2035, and may not be redeemed prior to, or on February 23, 2010, except that they may be redeemed, in whole or in part from time to time, upon the occurrence and continuation of certain special events.

Debt issuance costs for the Trusts are recorded as an asset and amortized over the contractual life of the securities.

Management has determined that each of the trusts qualify as variable interest entities under FASB Interpretation 46 (Revised December 2003) Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities—An Interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51 (“FIN 46(R)”). The trusts issued preferred securities to investors and loaned the proceeds to the Company. Each of the trusts holds, as its sole asset, subordinated debentures issued by the Company. The provisions of FIN 46(R) were required to be applied to certain variable interest entities, including each of the trusts, by March 31, 2004, at which time each was deconsolidated.

In March 2005, the Federal Reserve Board adopted a final rule that would continue to allow the inclusion of trust preferred securities in Tier 1 capital, but with stricter quantitative limits. Under the final rule, after a five-year transition period, the aggregate amount of trust preferred securities and certain other capital elements would be limited to 25% of Tier 1 capital elements. The amount of trust preferred securities and certain other elements in excess of the limit could be included in Tier 2 capital, subject to restrictions.

16. INCOME TAXES

The components of income tax expense (benefit) are as follows:

 

(In thousands)

   Year Ended
December 31,
2006
    Year Ended
December 31,
2005
    Year Ended
December 31,
2004
 

Current expense:

      

Federal

   $ 24,716     $ 20,324     $ 16,852  

State

     6,675       7,860       5,682  
                        

Total current expense

     31,391       28,184       22,534  

Deferred expense (benefit):

      

Federal

     (963 )     (1,701 )     (4,660 )

State

     (274 )     (922 )     (1,072 )
                        

Total deferred expense (benefit)

     (1,237 )     (2,623 )     (5,732 )
                        

Income tax expense

   $ 30,154     $ 25,561     $ 16,802  
                        

 

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Income tax expense for 2006, 2005, and 2004 varied from the amount computed by applying the Federal statutory rate to income before income taxes. A reconciliation between the expected Federal income tax expense using the Federal statutory rate of 35% to actual income tax expense and resulting effective tax rate for 2006, 2005 and 2004 follows:

 

(In thousands)

   Year Ended
December 31,
2006
    Year Ended
December 31,
2005
    Year Ended
December 31,
2004
 

Statutory Federal income tax rate

   35.0 %   35.0 %   35.0 %

Increase (decrease) resulting from:

      

State and local income tax, net of Federal tax benefit

   4.9 %   6.5 %   6.2 %

Tax exempt interest, net

   (3.4 )%   (3.6 )%   (5.1 )%

Tax credits

   (1.5 )%   (1.6 )%   (2.1 )%

Other, net

   0.7 %   0.7 %   1.0 %
                  

Effective income tax rate

   35.7 %   37.0 %   35.0 %
                  

The components of gross deferred tax assets and gross deferred tax liabilities are as follows:

 

(In thousands)

   December 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Gross deferred tax assets:

     

Allowance for losses on loans

   $ 19,207    $ 16,209

Deferred and accrued compensation

     11,272      10,404

Stock compensation

     10,420      13,415

Unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale

     1,526      2,257

Depreciation

     2,043      389

Other

     2,546      2,667
             

Total deferred tax assets

     47,014      45,341

Gross deferred tax liabilities:

     

Goodwill and acquired intangible assets

     31,574      19,820

Unrealized gain on investments

     552      549

Investment in partnerships

     79      113

Other

     378      —  
             

Total gross deferred tax liabilities

     32,583      20,482
             

Net deferred tax asset

   $ 14,431    $ 24,859
             

Management believes the existing net deductible temporary differences that give rise to the net deferred tax asset will reverse in periods the Company generates net taxable income. The Company would need to generate approximately $34.4 million of future net taxable income to realize the net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2006. Management believes that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax asset will be realized based on the generation of future taxable income.

17. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Employee 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan

The Company established a corporate-wide 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan for the benefit of the employees of the Company and its affiliates, which became effective on July 1, 2002. The plan is a 401(k) savings and retirement plan that is designed to qualify as an ERISA section 404(c) plan. This plan is a continuation of the

 

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Boston Private Bank & Trust Company 401(k) plan. As of July 1, 2002, the assets of the Westfield Profit Sharing Plan, the RINET Company, Inc. Salary Reduction Contribution Plan, the Sand Hill Advisors, Inc. Profit Sharing 401(k) Plan, the E.R. Taylor Investments, Inc. 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan and the Borel Bank Salary Deferral 401(k) Plan were merged into this plan. The assets of the First State Bank of California 401(k) Plan and the KLS Professional Advisors Group, Inc. 401(k) Employee Savings Plan were merged into this plan during January 2006. The employees of DGHM joined the plan as new participants on January 1, 2006. Generally, employees that are at least twenty-one (21) years of age are eligible to participate in the plan on the first day of the calendar quarter following their date of hire. Employee contributions may be matched based on a predetermined formula and additional discretionary contributions may be made. Consolidated 401(k) expenses for all plans were $2.3 million, $1.8 million, and $1.5 million, in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Salary Continuation Plans

Borel maintains a discretionary salary continuation plan for certain officers. The officers become eligible for benefits under the salary continuation plan if they reach a defined retirement age while working for Borel. In December 1990, Borel implemented a discretionary deferred compensation plan for directors. The compensation expense relating to each contract is accounted for individually and on an accrual basis. An individual covered under the plan resigned in October 2005 and forfeited his benefit. As of that date, $336 thousand had been accrued and was reversed. The expense, exclusive of the 2005 forfeiture, relating to these plans was $266 thousand, $274 thousand, and $275 thousand, for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The amount recognized in Other Liabilities was $2.5 million and $2.6 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Borel has purchased life insurance contracts to help fund these plans. Borel has single premium life insurance policies with cash surrender values totaling $5.8 million and $5.7 million, which are included in Other Assets on the accompanying balance sheets, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

FPB maintains a discretionary salary continuation plan for certain officers. The plan provides for payments to the participants at the age of retirement. The expense relating to these plans was $327 thousand and $296 thousand in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The net amount recognized in Other Liabilities was $1.5 million and $1.2 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. FPB has purchased life insurance contracts to help fund these plans. These life insurance policies have cash surrender values totaling $3.2 million and $2.7 million, which are included in Other Assets on the accompanying balance sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

Deferred Compensation Plan

The Company offers a deferred compensation plan that enables certain executives to elect to defer a portion of their income. The amounts deferred are excluded from the employee’s taxable income and are not deductible by the Company until paid. The employee selects from a limited number of mutual funds and the deferred liability is increased or decreased to correspond to the market value of these underlying hypothetical mutual fund investments. The increase in value is recognized as compensation expense. The Company established and funded a Rabbi Trust to offset this liability. The Rabbi Trust holds similar assets and approximately mirrors the activity in the hypothetical mutual funds. Increases and decreases in the value of the mutual funds in the Rabbi Trust are recognized in Other Income.

Stock-Based Incentive Plans

At December 31, 2006, the Company has three stock-based compensation plans. These plans encourage and enable the officers, employees, non-employee directors and other key persons of the Company to acquire a proprietary interest in the Company. Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for these plans under the

 

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intrinsic-value based method in accordance with APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related Interpretations, as permitted by FAS 123. Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of FAS 123(R), using the modified retrospective application method. Under the modified retrospective application method, the Company has adjusted all applicable prior periods to reflect the effects of applying FAS 123(R).

The following table presents the difference between the Company’s previously reported financial results and adjustments for FAS 123(R):

 

     For the Year Ended
December 31, 2005
   For the Year Ended
December 31, 2004

(In thousands, except per share data)

   Adjusted    As Previously
Reported
   Adjusted    As Previously
Reported

Income Statement Items:

           

Income before income taxes

   $ 69,107    $ 73,597    $ 48,035    $ 51,927

Net income

   $ 43,546    $ 46,318    $ 31,233    $ 33,634

Basic earnings per share

   $ 1.48    $ 1.57    $ 1.14    $ 1.23

Diluted earnings per share

   $ 1.38    $ 1.47    $ 1.10    $ 1.18

Cash Flow Items:

           

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 95,242    $ 99,375    $ 18,931    $ 19,742

Net cash provided by financing activities

   $ 603,491    $ 599,358    $ 592,225    $ 591,414

Shares Outstanding:

           

Average diluted common shares outstanding

     33,824,717      33,666,358      29,024,520      28,963,856

 

     As of December 31, 2005          

(In thousands)

   Adjusted    As Previously
Reported
         

Balance Sheet Items:

           

Total assets(1)

   $ 5,118,568    $ 5,112,810      

Additional paid-in capital(2)

   $ 374,818    $ 354,064      

Retained earnings(3)

   $ 133,190    $ 148,186      

Stockholders’ equity

   $ 539,348    $ 533,590      

(1) Total assets and total stockholders’ equity increased as a result of recording the deferred tax assets related to stock option expense.
(2) Additional paid-in capital as adjusted and as previously reported for December 31, 2005 also includes unearned compensation of $(4.5) million which was previously included as a separate line item.
(3) The decrease in retained earnings was a result of recording the retrospective expense related to FAS 123(R)

Prior to the adoption of FAS 123(R), the Company was required to record tax savings resulting from the exercise of stock options as operating cash flows in the Statement of Cash Flows. FAS 123(R) requires the cash flows resulting from the excess tax benefits resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation costs recognized for those options to be classified as financing cash flows. The $2.3 million, $4.1 million, and $811 thousand excess tax savings on stock options exercised classified as a financing cash inflow, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively, would have been classified as an operating cash inflow if the Company had not adopted FAS 123(R).

Under the 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), the Company may grant options or stock to its officers, employees, non-employee directors and other key persons of the Company for an amount not to exceed 5% of the total shares of common stock outstanding as of the last business day of the preceding fiscal year. Under the Plan, the exercise price of each option shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the stock on the date the options are granted except for non-employee directors in which the exercise price shall be equal to the fair market value on the date the stock option is granted. Generally, options expire ten years from the date

 

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granted and vest over a three-year graded vesting period for officers and employees and a one-year or less period for non-employee directors. Stock grants generally vest over a one to five-year cliff vesting period.

The Company maintains both a qualified and non-qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“the ESPP’s”) with similar provisions. The non-qualified plan was approved in 2006 and allows for employees of certain subsidiaries that are structured as limited liability companies to participate. Under the ESPP’s eligible employees may purchase common stock of the Company at 85 percent of the lower of the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the first or last day of a six month purchase period on the NASDAQ® stock exchange. Employees pay for their stock purchases through payroll deductions at a rate equal to any whole percentage from 1 percent to 15 percent. Participants have a right to a full reimbursement of ESPP’s deferrals through the end of the offering period. Such a reimbursement would result in a reversal of the compensation expense, previously recorded, attributed to that participant. There were 72,551 shares issued under the plan during the year ended December 31, 2006. The Company issues shares under the ESPP’s in January and July of each year. As of December 31, 2006, there were 502,353 shares reserved for future issuance under the ESPP’s.

Share-based payments recorded in salaries and benefits are as follows:

 

(In thousands)

   2006    2005    2004

Stock option and ESPP expense

   $ 5,382    $ 4,490    $ 3,892

Nonvested share expense(1)

     3,324      2,571      2,240
                    

Subtotal

     8,706      7,061      6,132

Tax benefit

     3,328      2,767      2,402
                    

Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax benefit

   $ 5,378    $ 4,294    $ 3,730
                    

(1) Nonvested share expense has previously been reported in the Company’s statement of operations.

The above table does not include $381 thousand of share-based payments to directors in 2006, which is recorded in professional services.

The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model that uses the assumptions noted in the table below. Expected volatility is determined based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock, historical volatility of industry peers and other factors. The Company uses historical data to estimate employee option exercise behavior, and post-vesting cancellation for use in determining the expected life assumption. The risk-free rate is determined on the grant date of each award using the yield on a U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issue with a remaining term that approximates the expected term for the award. The dividend yield is based on expectations of future dividends paid by the Company and the market price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. Compensation expense is recognized using the straight-line method over the vesting period of the option. Options issued to retirement eligible employees are expensed on the date of grant. Option expense, related to options granted to employees who will become retirement eligible during the vesting period, are amortized over the period until the employee becomes retirement eligible. The Company did not accelerate vesting for options granted to retirement eligible employees prior to the adoption date of FAS 123(R) in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107.

 

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The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

 

     2006     2005     2004  

Expected volatility

   25 %   25 %   25 %

Expected dividend yield

   1.3 %   1.0 %   1.5 %

Expected term (in years)

   4.4     4.1     4.1  

Risk-free rate

   4.6 %   3.7 %   2.6 %

Stock Options

A summary of option activity under the Plan for the year ended December 31, 2006 is as follows:

 

     Shares    

Weighted-

Average

Exercise
Price

  

Weighted-

Average
Remaining

Contractual

Term in

Years

  

Aggregate

Intrinsic Value*

(000s)

Outstanding at January 1, 2006

   4,227,066     $ 18.18      

Granted

   867,498     $ 30.23      

Exercised

   (509,279 )   $ 11.29      

Forfeited or expired

   (59,246 )   $ 27.42      
              

Outstanding at December 31, 2006

   4,526,039     $ 21.17    6.39    $ 33,368
              

Exercisable at December 31, 2006

   2,954,188     $ 17.24    5.27    $ 32,549

* The intrinsic value was calculated by the excess value of the closing price of the Company’s common stock on December 31, 2006 as compared to the option exercise price. If the exercise price of the stock option was above the closing price, an intrinsic value of $0 was assigned.

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $7.60, $6.34 and $5.86, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $9.7 million, $13.3 million and $3.2 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2006, there was $10.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock option arrangements granted under the Plan that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.

Restricted Stock

A summary of the Company’s nonvested shares as of December 31, 2006 and changes during the year ended December 31, 2006 is as follows:

 

     Shares     Weighted-
Average
Grant-
Date Fair
Value

Nonvested at January 1, 2006

   368,510     $ 24.95

Granted

   123,673     $ 29.96

Vested

   (69,010 )   $ 18.45

Forfeited

   (2,500 )   $ 25.78
        

Nonvested at December 31, 2006

   420,673     $ 27.48
        

 

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The fair value of nonvested shares is determined based on the closing price of the Company’s stock on the grant date. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of shares granted during the year ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was $29.96 and $27.45 respectively. At December 31, 2006, there was $5.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements under the Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years. The total fair value of shares that vested during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $3.7 million, $843 thousand and $1.3 million, respectively.

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan

The Company has a non-qualified supplemental executive retirement plan (“SERP”) with an executive officer of the Company. The SERP, which is unfunded, provides a defined cash benefit based on a formula using average compensation, years of service, and age at retirement of the executive. The agreement was amended in July 2004. Expected benefits were increased and full vesting age was increased to age 68. The actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation was $8.3 million and the accrued SERP liability was $3.9 million at December 31, 2006. The expense associated with the SERP was $1.5 million and $1.4 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The benefit will be fully accrued by November 2009. The discount rate used to calculate the SERP liability was 8.0% through July 2004, 6.5% from August 2004 through December 2005 and 5.75%, thereafter. On February 23, 2007, the full vesting age under the plan was increased to age 70.

18. OTHER OPERATING EXPENSE

Major components of other operating expense are as follows:

 

(In thousands)

   Year Ended
December 31,
2006
   Year Ended
December 31,
2005
   Year Ended
December 31,
2004

Insurance

   $ 3,756    $ 2,834    $ 2,296

Forms and supplies

     2,030      1,551      1,089

Employee travel and meals

     1,352      604      267

Telephone

     1,197      827      576

Courier and express mail

     952      759      585

Training and education

     897      531      423

Provision for off-balance sheet risk

     839      513      282

Publications and dues

     762      719      536

Postage

     737      587      520

Imputed interest on deferred acquisition liability

     697      871      888

Other

     3,818      3,267      2,545
                    

Total

   $ 17,037    $ 13,063    $ 10,007
                    

19. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK

The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to originate loans, unadvanced portion of loans, unused lines of credit, letters of credit, and commitments to sell loans. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments.

 

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The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for loan commitments and letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

Commitments to originate loans, the unadvanced portion of loans, and the unused lines of credit are agreements to lend to a customer, provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since certain commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance by a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.

Loans sold to investors have recourse to the Company on any loans that are deemed to have been fraudulent or misrepresented. In addition, investors would require the Company to repurchase any loan sold which has a first payment default.

Financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk are summarized as follows:

 

(In thousands)

   December 31,
2006
   December 31,
2005

Commitments to originate loans

     

Variable rate

   $ 180,067    $ 238,933

Fixed rate

     35,525      38,722
             

Total commitments to originate new loans

   $ 215,592    $ 277,655
             

Unadvanced portion of loans and unused lines of credit

   $ 994,920    $ 820,152

Letters of credit

   $ 38,532    $ 24,304

Forward commitments to sell loans

   $ 33,854    $ 21,489

20. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by using available quoted market information or other appropriate valuation methodologies. The aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company taken as a whole.

The fair value estimates provided are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and the characteristics of the financial instrument. The estimates do not provide for any premiums or discounts that could result from concentrations of ownership of a financial instrument. Because no active market exists for some of the Company’s financial instruments, certain fair value estimates are based on subjective judgments regarding current economic conditions, risk characteristics of the financial instruments, future expected loss experience, prepayment assumptions, and other factors. The resulting estimates involve uncertainties and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes made to any of the underlying assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

 

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The book values and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:

 

     December 31, 2006    December 31, 2005

(In thousands)

   Book Value    Fair Value    Book Value    Fair Value

FINANCIAL ASSETS:

           

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 239,396    $ 239,396    $ 372,316    $ 372,316

Securities:

           

Available-for-sale

     523,848      523,848      512,742      512,742

Held-to-maturity

     13,959      13,819      44,400      44,208

Loans, net (includes Loans held for sale)

     4,273,089      4,266,711      3,599,516      3,628,376

Other assets

     130,687      130,687      79,944      79,944

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:

           

Deposits

     4,077,831      4,075,765      3,748,141      3,745,378

Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings

     602,903      598,844      362,005      358,592

Junior subordinated debentures

     234,021      237,292      234,021      242,505

Other liabilities

     88,569      88,569      113,688      113,688

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The carrying value reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of their maturities.

Securities

The fair value presented for securities are based on quoted bid prices received from third party pricing services.

Loans

Fair value estimates are based on loans with similar financial characteristics. Fair values of commercial and residential mortgage loans are estimated by discounting contractual cash flows adjusted for prepayment estimates and using discount rates approximately equal to current market rates on loans with similar characteristics and maturities. The incremental credit risk for non-performing loans has been considered in the determination of the fair value of consumer loans. The fair value estimated for home equity and other loans is based on outstanding loan terms and pricing in each Bank’s local market.

Other Assets

Other financial assets consist primarily of accrued interest and fees receivable, Stock in Federal Home Loan Banks and Banker’s Bank, and the cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance, for which the carrying amount approximates fair value.

Deposits

The fair values reported for deposits, equal their respective book values reported on the balance sheet. The fair values disclosed are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair values for certificates of deposit are based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rates used are representative of approximate rates currently offered on certificates of deposit with similar remaining maturities.

 

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Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings

The fair value reported for FHLB borrowings is estimated based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate used is based on the Company’s estimated current incremental borrowing rate for FHLB borrowings of similar maturities.

Junior Subordinated Debentures

The fair value of the junior subordinated debentures issued by Boston Private Capital Trust I was based on the current market price of the securities at December 31, 2006. The fair value of the junior subordinated debentures issued by Boston Private Capital Trust II was based on the present value of cash flows discounted using the current rate for similar securities. The fair value of the junior subordinated debentures acquired in the FPB and Gibraltar acquisition approximates book because of the floating rate nature of the securities.

Other Liabilities

Other financial liabilities consist of securities sold under agreements to repurchase and accrued interest payable for which the carrying amount approximates fair value.

Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk

The Company’s commitments to originate loans, and for unused lines and outstanding letters of credit are primarily at market interest rates and therefore there is no fair value adjustment.

 

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21. BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY)

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

 

(In thousands)

   December 31,
2006
    December 31,
2005
 

ASSETS:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 6,683     $ 4,723  

Investments securities held-to-maturity

     —         27,464  

Investment in wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries:

    

Banks

     621,097       567,586  

Nonbanks

     234,978       166,377  

Investment in partnerships and trusts

     10,126       20,148  

Goodwill

     12,065       —    

Intangible assets, net

     3,295       —    

Other assets

     20,111       15,049  
                

Total assets

   $ 908,355     $ 801,347  
                

LIABILITIES:

    

Deferred acquisition obligations

   $ 20,921     $ 16,839  

Junior subordinated debentures

     234,021       234,021  

Other liabilities

     18,216       11,139  
                

Total liabilities

     273,158       261,999  

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

    

Common stock, $1.00 par value per share; authorized: 70,000,000 issued: 36,589,727 shares in 2006, and 34,800,393 shares in 2005

     36,590       34,800  

Additional paid-in capital

     424,787       374,818  

Retained earnings

     176,111       133,190  

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (2,291 )     (3,460 )
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     635,197       539,348  
                

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 908,355     $ 801,347  
                

 

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CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

(In thousands)

  

Year Ended

December 31,

2006

   

Year Ended

December 31,

2005

   

Year Ended

December 31,

2004

 

INCOME:

      

Interest income

   $ 453     $ 513     $ 259  

Dividends from subsidiaries

      

Banks

     —         —         425  

Nonbanks

     28,441       23,233       12,345  

Other income

     2,012       1,164       652  
                        

Total income

     30,906       24,910       13,681  
                        

EXPENSES:

      

Salaries and employee benefits

     13,824       12,422       9,516  

Professional fees

     3,703       3,554       3,132  

Interest expense

     13,311       7,484       1,497  

Other expenses

     4,034       3,274       2,561  
                        

Total expenses

     34,872       26,734       16,706  
                        

Loss before income taxes

     (3,966 )     (1,824 )     (3,025 )
                        

Income tax benefit

     (14,328 )     (9,094 )     (6,471 )

Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries

     10,362       7,270       3,446  

Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries

     44,011       36,276       27,787  
                        

Net income

   $ 54,373     $ 43,546     $ 31,233  
                        

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

(In thousands)

  

Year Ended

December 31,

2006

   

Year Ended

December 31,

2005

   

Year Ended

December 31,

2004

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

      

Net income

   $ 54,373     $ 43,546     $ 31,233  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Equity in earnings of subsidiaries:

      

Banks

     (48,991 )     (41,222 )     (25,626 )

Nonbanks

     (23,461 )     (18,287 )     (14,931 )

Dividends from subsidiaries:

      

Banks

     —         —         425  

Nonbanks

     26,847       20,038       12,345  

Depreciation and amortization

     3,762       3,333       1,516  

Net increase in other operating activities

     (3,127 )     (1,776 )     (3,865 )
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     9,403       5,632       1,097  
                        

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

      

Cash paid for acquisitions, including deferred acquisition obligations

     (34,644 )     (122,700 )     (104,431 )

Capital investment in subsidiaries:

      

Banks

     —         (22,000 )     (40,198 )

Nonbanks

     —         —         (379 )

Investment securities held-to-maturity:

      

Purchases

     —         (126,179 )     (43,725 )

Maturities and principal payments

     27,464       117,634       24,806  

Investment in trusts

     (384 )     (3,387 )     (3,555 )

Net increase (decrease) in other investing activities

     772       (588 )     (161 )
                        

Net cash used in investing activities

     (6,792 )     (157,220 )     (167,643 )
                        

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

      

Proceeds from issuance of trust preferred debt

     —         103,092       104,506  

Dividends paid to stockholders

     (11,452 )     (8,321 )     (6,451 )

Excess tax savings on stock options exercised

     1,183       4,133       811  

Proceeds from stock options exercises

     5,747       10,497       2,158  

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net

     3,871       39,860       18,036  
                        

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

     (651 )     149,261       119,060  
                        

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     1,960       (2,327 )     (47,486 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

     4,723       7,050       54,536  
                        

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   $ 6,683     $ 4,723     $ 7,050  
                        

 

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22. SELECTED QUARTERLY DATA (UNAUDITED)

 

     2006 (1)

(In thousands, except per share data)

  

Fourth

Quarter

  

Third

Quarter

  

Second

Quarter

  

First

Quarter

Revenues

           

Net interest income

   $ 43,385    $ 43,158    $ 43,402    $ 43,568

Non-interest income

     47,534      45,389      40,137      38,282
                           

Total revenues

     90,919      88,547      83,539      81,850

Provision for loan losses

     987      2,325      1,704      1,163

Non-interest expense and minority interest

     66,058      64,802      62,775      60,513
                           

Income before taxes

     23,874      21,420      19,060      20,174
                           

Income taxes

     8,266      7,770      6,772      7,346
                           

Net income

   $ 15,608    $ 13,650    $ 12,288    $ 12,828
                           

Earnings per share

           

Basic

   $ 0.43    $ 0.38    $ 0.35    $ 0.37
                           

Diluted

   $ 0.40    $ 0.36    $ 0.33    $ 0.35

 

     2005(1)

(In thousands, except per share data)

  

Fourth

Quarter

  

Third

Quarter

  

Second

Quarter

  

First

Quarter

Revenues

           

Net interest income

   $ 43,916    $ 30,052    $ 28,294    $ 26,477

Non-interest income

     35,584      34,718      32,366      31,919
                           

Total revenues

     79,500      64,770      60,660      58,396

Provision for loan losses

     2,070      1,728      778      862

Non-interest expense and minority interest

     56,688      44,622      43,551      43,918
                           

Income before taxes

     20,742      18,420      16,331      13,616

Income taxes

     7,583      7,004      6,075      4,900
                           

Net income

   $ 13,159    $ 11,416    $ 10,256    $ 8,716
                           

Earnings per share

           

Basic

   $ 0.38    $ 0.41    $ 0.37    $ 0.32
                           

Diluted

   $ 0.36    $ 0.38    $ 0.35    $ 0.30

(1) Due to rounding, the sum of the four quarters may not add to the year to date total.

23. REGULATORY MATTERS

Investment Management

The Company’s investment management business is highly regulated, primarily at the federal level by the Securities and Exchange Commission, National Association of Securities Dealers, and by state regulatory agencies. Specifically, seven of the Company’s subsidiaries, including Westfield, Sand Hill, BPVI, DGHM, KLS, RINET, and Anchor are registered investment advisers under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The Investment Advisers Act imposes numerous obligations on registered investment advisers, including fiduciary, record keeping, operational, and disclosure obligations. These subsidiaries, as investment advisers, are also subject to regulation under the federal and state securities laws and the fiduciary laws of certain states. In

 

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addition, Westfield and DGHM act as sub-advisers to mutual funds, which are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and are subject to that Act’s provisions and regulations. The Company’s subsidiaries are also subject to the provisions and regulations of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), to the extent any such entities act as a “fiduciary” under ERISA with respect to certain of its clients. ERISA and the related provisions of the federal tax laws impose a number of duties on persons who are fiduciaries under ERISA, and prohibit certain transactions involving the assets of each ERISA plan which is a client, as well as certain transactions by the fiduciaries and certain other related parties to such plans.

Banking

The Company and its subsidiaries are also subject to extensive supervision and regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, (the “Federal Reserve”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), which insures the deposits of Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, and Gibraltar to the maximum extent permitted by law, by the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks, the California Department of Financial Institutions, and by the Office of Thrift Supervision (“OTS”). The federal and state laws and regulations which are applicable to banks regulate, among other things, the scope of their business, their investments, their reserves against deposits, the timing of the availability of deposited funds, and the nature and amount of collateral for certain loans. The laws and regulations governing the Banks generally have been promulgated to foster the safety and soundness of the Banks and protect depositors and not for the purpose of protecting stockholders.

The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. For example, under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Banks, which are wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, must each meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of each of the Banks’ assets and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting standards. The Banks’ respective capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Similarly, the Company is also subject to capital requirements administered by the Federal Reserve with respect to certain non-banking activities, including adjustments in connection with off-balance sheet items.

Current FDIC regulations governing capital requirements state that FDIC-insured institutions, to be adequately capitalized, have qualifying total capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 8%, of which at least 4% must be Tier I capital. Tier I capital is defined as common equity and retained earnings, less goodwill and purchased intangibles, and is compared to total risk-weighted assets. Assets and off-balance sheet items are assigned to four risk categories, each with appropriate weights. The resulting capital ratio represents Tier I capital as a percentage of risk weighted assets and off-balance sheet items. The risk-based capital rules are designed to make regulatory capital more sensitive to differences in risk profiles among banks and bank holding companies, to account for off-balance sheet exposure and to minimize disincentives for holding liquid assets. As of December 31, 2006, management believes that the Banks meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.

As of December 31, 2006, the Company meets the Federal Reserve requirements to be categorized as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. As of December 31, 2006, Boston Private Bank, Borel, FPB, and Gibraltar meet the FDIC requirements under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action to be categorized as well capitalized. To be categorized as well capitalized the Company and the Banks must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier I risk-based, and Tier I leverage ratios as set forth in the following table. There are no conditions or events since December 31, 2006 that management believes have adversely changed the Company’s or the Banks’ categories.

 

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Actual capital amounts and regulatory capital requirements as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 are presented in the tables below:

 

     Actual    

For Capital

Adequacy

Purposes

   

To Be

Well Capitalized
Under

Prompt Corrective

Action Purposes

 

(In thousands)

   Amount    Ratio     Amount    Ratio     Amount    Ratio  

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2006

               

Total risk-based capital:

               

Company

   $ 491,325    12.24 %   $ 321,011    >8.0 %   $ 401,264    >10.0 %

Boston Private Bank

     182,681    11.40       128,223    8.0       160,279    10.0  

Borel

     102,142    10.89       75,055    8.0       93,818    10.0  

FPB

     53,691    11.90       36,109    8.0       45,136    10.0  

Gibraltar

     107,544    11.06       77,791    8.0       97,239    10.0  

Tier I risk-based:

               

Company

     429,464    10.70       160,506    4.0       240,759    6.0  

Boston Private Bank

     162,625    10.15       64,111    4.0       96,167    6.0  

Borel

     91,423    9.74       37,527    4.0       56,291    6.0  

FPB

     48,498    10.74       18,054    4.0       27,082    6.0  

Gibraltar

     96,215    9.89       38,896    4.0       58,343    6.0  

Tier I leverage capital:

               

Company

     429,464    8.22       209,035    4.0       261,293    5.0  

Boston Private Bank

     162,625    6.78       95,879    4.0       119,849    5.0  

Borel

     91,423    9.60       38,098    4.0       47,622    5.0  

FPB

     48,498    9.94       19,525    4.0       24,406    5.0  

Gibraltar

     96,215    7.51       51,241    4.0       64,051    5.0  

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2005

               

Total risk-based capital:

               

Company

   $ 450,819    13.14 %   $ 274,391    >8.0 %   $ 342,989    >10.0 %

Boston Private Bank

     158,567    11.15       113,767    8.0       142,209    10.0  

Borel

     86,278    11.42       60,429    8.0       75,537    10.0  

FPB

     44,261    11.86       29,844    8.0       37,305    10.0  

Gibraltar

     92,764    11.41       65,023    8.0       81,279    10.0  

Tier I risk-based:

               

Company

     362,598    10.57       137,196    4.0       205,793    6.0  

Boston Private Bank

     140,791    9.90       56,884    4.0       85,325    6.0  

Borel

     76,836    10.17       30,215    4.0       45,322    6.0  

FPB

     39,772    10.66       14,922    4.0       22,383    6.0  

Gibraltar

     83,563    10.28       32,512    4.0       48,767    6.0  

Tier I leverage capital:

               

Company

     362,598    7.64       189,887    4.0       237,358    5.0  

Boston Private Bank

     140,791    6.54       86,106    4.0       107,633    5.0  

Borel

     76,836    9.02       34,064    4.0       42,580    5.0  

FPB

     39,772    9.22       17,255    4.0       21,569    5.0  

Gibraltar

     83,563    7.59       44,045    4.0       55,057    5.0  

Bank regulatory authorities restrict the Banks from lending or advancing funds to, or investing in the securities of, the Company. Further, these authorities restrict the amounts available for the payment of dividends by the Banks to the Company.

 

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24. LITIGATION AND CONTINGENCIES

Investment Management Litigation

On May 3, 2002, the Retirement Board of Allegheny County filed a complaint in Pennsylvania state court against Westfield and Grant D. Kalson & Associates bringing breach of contract and other claims for an alleged “opportunity loss,” notwithstanding that the Fund administered by the Retirement Board grew substantially under Westfield’s and Kalson’s management. Westfield and Kalson have defended the claim vigorously and will continue to do so. Discovery was completed on August 1, 2005. The Plaintiff has initiated no activity on the case since the close of discovery, and Westfield intends to file a motion for summary judgment in due course.

Trust Litigation

Since 1984, Borel has served as a trustee of a private family trust (“Family Trust”) that was a joint owner of certain real property known as the Guadalupe Oil Field. The field was leased for many years to Union Oil Company of California (d/b/a UNOCAL) for oil and gas production. Significant environmental contamination resulting from UNOCAL’s operations was found on the property in 1994. At that time Borel entered into negotiations to sell the property to UNOCAL, to settle UNOCAL’s liabilities to the Family Trust, and to obtain a comprehensive indemnity on the Trust’s behalf. Certain beneficiaries of the Family Trust brought a series of actions against Borel claiming that Borel had breached its fiduciary duties in managing the oil and gas leases and in negotiating with UNOCAL for settlement and for sale of the property. In the first lawsuit, the beneficiaries sought to remove Borel as trustee. Borel prevailed at trial and obtained final judgment in its favor, but the beneficiaries continued to pursue related litigation against Borel for many years afterwards. In 2002 Borel concluded a settlement with UNOCAL and sold the property to UNOCAL. In 2005 all of the parties, with one exception noted below, entered into a global settlement whereby UNOCAL agreed to pay the plaintiff beneficiaries certain amounts, and the beneficiaries dismissed all of their pending actions with prejudice, including all actions against Borel, which paid nothing in the settlement.

One beneficiary—a contingent remainder beneficiary—split with the other plaintiff beneficiaries in 2003, filed parallel actions in the state court against Borel, and refused to participate in the otherwise global settlement in 2005. The state court subsequently dismissed those parallel actions against Borel on the merits. The non-settling beneficiary, acting pro se, then filed a new action on June 24, 2005, in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. In this action, the non-settling beneficiary makes claims similar to those made in the earlier actions that were dismissed by the state court. He seeks to invalidate the settlement with UNOCAL, to compel the return of the Guadalupe Oil Field to the Family Trust, and to recover damages against Borel and others for alleged mismanagement. The complaint does not specify an amount of damages, but in the trial of the action to remove Borel as trustee in 1998, the then plaintiff beneficiaries submitted expert testimony to the effect that Borel’s actions had damaged the Family Trust in the amount of $102 million. The trial court found this testimony unpersuasive in that context, and Borel and the other defendants prevailed. In the current federal litigation, in November 2005 the court dismissed the entire action as to Borel based on the prior final judgments in the state court and on lack of federal jurisdiction. The non-settling beneficiary appealed from the judgment. The matter is now fully briefed, but the appellate court has not yet scheduled oral judgment.

Borel will continue to litigate these matters vigorously. While the ultimate outcome of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, at the present time, Borel’s management, based on consultation with legal counsel, believes there is no basis to conclude that liability with respect to this matter is probable or that such liability can be reasonably estimated.

Other

The Company is also involved in routine legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, final disposition of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company.

 

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25. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Stephen M. Waters, who is a director of the Company, has two loans for approximately $7.8 million with Boston Private Bank. In addition to this loan, Mr. Waters is also a guarantor on one loan with Boston Private Bank for approximately $236 thousand at December 31, 2006. Mr. Waters also has an unsecured standby letter of credit with a line of $465 thousand and a zero balance as of December 31, 2006 with Gibraltar. The loans with Boston Private Bank were originated prior to Mr. Waters becoming a director of the Company. All of the loans are current as of December 31, 2006. All loans were made in the ordinary course of business under normal credit terms, including interest rates and collateral requirements prevailing at the time of origination for comparable transactions with other persons, and do not represent more than normal credit risk.

Robert J. Whelan, who is Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, has an outstanding residential mortgage loan for approximately $198 thousand, as of December 31, 2006, with Boston Private Bank. This loan was originated prior to Mr. Whelan being employed by the Company. This loan was current as of December 31, 2006. This loan was made in the ordinary course of business under normal credit terms, including interest rate and collateral requirements prevailing at the time of origination for comparable transactions with other persons, and does not represent more than normal credit risk.

26. COMMON STOCK

In December of 2003 the Company entered into a forward sale agreement pursuant to which an affiliate of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (the “Merrill Lynch Affiliate”) agreed to borrow and sell 2.3 million shares of the Company’s common stock. In the first quarter of 2004, the Company drew down 700 thousand shares of stock under the forward sale agreement.

On November 1, 2004, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Forward Sale Agreement (the “Amendment”) with the Merrill Lynch Affiliate. Pursuant to the original agreement, the Merrill Lynch Affiliate borrowed and sold shares of the Company’s common stock in December of 2003 with the proceeds of such sale to be received by the Company on a settlement date or dates to be specified at the Company’s discretion up to and including December 17, 2004 at an initial forward price determined in accordance with a pre-determined schedule subject to increases based on a floating interest factor equal to the federal funds rate, less a spread. Under the Amendment, the settlement date was extended until December 31, 2005.

On September 29, 2005 the Company settled the Amendment. Under the settlement terms of the forward sale agreement, the Company received approximately $36.4 million in proceeds from the issuance of 1.6 million shares of the Company’s common stock, at an initial forward price of $22.74 per share. The proceeds were used to assist in funding the Gibraltar acquisition.

The impact of the forward sale agreement, through settlement date, is reflected in the financial statements through an increase to diluted common shares outstanding.

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We did not audit the financial statements of Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary, which statements reflect total assets constituting 25.7 percent and total revenues constituting 17.7 percent in 2006 of the related totals. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company, is based solely on the report of the other auditors.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the report of the other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

As discussed in Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, using the modified retrospective application method and, accordingly, has adjusted all prior periods.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 28, 2007 expresses an unqualified opinion on management’s assessment of, and the effective operation of, internal control over financial reporting.

LOGO

Boston, Massachusetts

February 28, 2007

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company

Coral Gables, Florida:

We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company and Subsidiary (the “Bank”) as of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, and the related consolidated statement of income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2006 and the three month period ended December 31, 2005. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Bank’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2006 and the three-month period ended December 31, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 26, 2007 expresses an unqualified opinion on management’s assessment of, and the effective operation of, internal control over financial reporting and an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting.

LOGO

Fort Lauderdale, Florida

February 26, 2007

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.:

We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. the (“Company”) maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We did not audit the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Gibraltar Private Bank and Trust Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary, whose financial statements reflect total assets and total revenues constituting 25.7 and 17.7 percent, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2006. The effectiveness of Gibraltar Private Bank and Trust Company’s internal control over financial reporting was audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the effectiveness of Gibraltar Private Bank and Trust Company’s internal control over financial reporting is based solely on the report of the other auditors.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, based on our report and the report of the other auditors, management’s assessment that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Also, in our opinion, based on our audit and the report of other auditors, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).

 

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The Company acquired on June 1, 2006, Anchor Capital Holdings LLC (“Anchor”), a newly created holding company that owns 80% of Anchor Capital and Anchor/Russell and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, Anchor’s internal control over financial reporting, with associated assets of $88.3 million and total revenue of $16.7 million generated by Anchor that was included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2006. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Anchor.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, and our report dated February 28, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. We did not audit the financial statements of Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary, which statements reflect total assets constituting 25.7 percent and total revenue constituting 17.7 percent in 2006 of the related totals. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion on the financial statements, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company, is based solely on the report of the other auditors.

LOGO

Boston, Massachusetts

February 28, 2007

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors

Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company

We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Gibraltar Private Bank & Trust Company and Subsidiary (the “Bank”) maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). The Bank’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A bank’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A bank’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Bank; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Bank are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Bank; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Bank assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, management’s assessment that the Bank maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Also, in our opinion, the Bank maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Bank as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2006, and the three-month period ended December 31, 2005, and our report dated February 26, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

LOGO

Fort Lauderdale, Florida

February 26, 2007

 

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has evaluated, with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer, President, and the Chief Financial Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer, President, and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the certifying officers by others within the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries during the period covered by this report. From time to time, the Company reviews the disclosure controls and procedures, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and to ensure that the Company’s systems evolve with its business.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting.

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and Board of Directors regarding the reliability and preparation of published financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006. In making this assessment, the Company used the criteria set forth in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on management’s assessment, the Company believes that, as of December 31, 2006, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. The Company acquired Anchor (“Anchor”) on June 1, 2006, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, Anchor’s internal control over financial reporting, with associated assets of $88.3 million and total revenue of $16.7 million generated by Anchor that was included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2006.

Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, has been audited by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firms: KPMG LLP and Hacker Johnson & Smith PA, as stated in their reports which are included elsewhere herein.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

There was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2006 that has materially affected, or is likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, except for Anchor as noted above.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

 

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PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

Information with respect to Directors and Executive Officers required by Item 10 shall be included in the section captioned “Election of Directors,” appearing in the definitive Proxy Statement (the “Proxy Statement”) for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on April 25, 2007 and is incorporated herein by reference. Certain information regarding Executive Officers of the Company may be found in the section captioned “Information Regarding Executive Officers” in the Proxy Statement. In addition, information for compliance with 16(a) of the Exchange Act may be found in the section captioned 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information with respect to executive compensation required by Item 11 shall be included in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Information with respect to security ownership and the other matters required by Item 12 shall be included in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

Information with respect to certain relationships and related transactions required by Item 13 shall be included in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. See Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Summary Data Note 25: Related Party Transactions in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

Information with respect to principal accountant fees and services required by Item 14 shall be included in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

(a) Financial Statements and Exhibits

(1) Financial Statements

 

     Page No.

a) Consolidated Balance Sheets

   66

b) Consolidated Statements of Operations

   67

c) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

   68

d) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

   69

e) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   70

(2) Financial Schedules

None

 

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(3) Exhibits

 

Exhibit No.   

Description

3.1    Restated Articles of Organization of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. filed May 23, 1994 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 14, 2001)
3.2    Articles of Amendment of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. filed on April 22, 1998 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 14, 2001)
3.3    Articles of Amendment of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. filed on November 20, 2001 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on November 28, 2001)
3.4    By-laws of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc., as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 6, 2000)
3.5    Amendment to By-laws of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc., dated April 18, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 7, 2003)
10.1    Executive Salary Continuation Agreement by and between Borel Private Bank & Trust Company and Harold A. Fick, dated December 28, 1988 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on August 16, 2001)
10.2    Amendment to Executive Salary Continuation Agreement by and between Borel Private Bank & Trust Company and Harold A. Fick, dated January 17, 1989 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed on August 16, 2001)
10.3    Executive Salary Continuation Agreement by and between Borel Private Bank & Trust Company and Ronald G. Fick, dated December 28, 1988 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 13, 2002)
10.4    Amendment to Executive Salary Continuation Agreement by and between Borel Private Bank & Trust Company and Ronald G. Fick, dated January 17, 1987 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 13, 2002)
10.5    Employee Incentive Stock Option Plan of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed April 1, 1991)
10.6    Employee Incentive Compensation Plan of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed April 1, 1991)
10.7    Employment Agreement dated January 1, 1996 by and among Boston Private Bancorp, Inc. (predecessor Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.), Boston Private Bank & Trust Company and Timothy L. Vaill (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 14, 2001)
10.8    Commercial Lease dated October 31, 1994, by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Leggat McCall Properties Management, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 14, 2001)

 

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Exhibit No.   

Description

10.9    Schedule of Amendments to Commercial lease dated October 31, 1994 by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Leggat McCall Properties Management, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 7, 2003)
10.10    Employment Agreement by and among Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc., RINET Company, Inc., and Richard N. Thielen, dated July 22, 1999 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 6, 2000)
10.11    Change in Control Protection Agreement, by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc., and Richard N. Thielen, dated November 17, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 12, 2004)
10.12    Change in Control Protection Agreement, by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc., and Jonathan H. Parker, dated November 17, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 12, 2004)
10.13    Change in Control Protection Agreement, by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Walter M. Pressey, effective as of March 19, 1997 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 13, 2002)
10.14    Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 24, 2001)
10.15    Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on November 28, 2001)
10.16    Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 1997 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 13, 2002)
10.17    Borel Private Bank & Trust Company 1998 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on December 3, 2001)
10.18    1998 Amendment and Restatement of Directors’ Stock Option Plan of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc., as amended February 7, 2003 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 12, 2004)
10.19    January 2000 Amendment to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Directors’ Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 13, 2002)
10.20    February 2003 Amendment to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Directors’ Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 7, 2003)
10.21    Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement by and among Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Timothy L. Vaill, dated May 1, 2001 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 13, 2002)
10.22    Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. 401(k) Profit-Sharing Plan (incorporated by reference to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on June 28, 2002)

 

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Exhibit No.   

Description

10.23    Change in Control Protection Agreement by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Margaret W. Chambers dated November 21, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 15, 2005)
10.24    Executive employment agreement dated January 1, 2004 by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Timothy L. Vaill (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 10, 2004)
10.25    First Amendment to the Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement by and among Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Timothy L. Vaill dated January 1, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 10, 2004)
10.26    Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Form S-8 filed on June 15, 2004)
10.27    Amended and Restated Credit Agreement by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Sun Trust Bank dated September 29, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2004)
10.28    Indenture dated October 12, 2004 between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Sun Trust Bank, as debenture trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 15, 2004)
10.29    Guarantee Agreement dated as of October 19, 2004 by Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Sun Trust Bank, as trustee, for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the Trust Preferred Securities and Trust Common Securities of Boston Private Capital Trust I (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 15, 2004)
10.30    First Private Bank & Trust 1994 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Form S-8 filed on March 5, 2004)
10.31    Purchase Agreement dated October 5, 2004 between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Boston Private Capital Trust I; for the sale of convertible trust preferred securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 12, 2004.)
10.32    Non-Solicitation/Non-Accept and Confidentiality Agreement and Release and Change in Control Protection Agreement by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Joseph H. Cromarty dated March 1, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibits 10.1 and 10.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 7, 2005)
10.33    Indenture dated September 27, 2005 between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as debenture trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 30, 2005)
10.34    Guarantee Agreement dated as of September 27, 2005 by Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee, for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the Capital Securities of Boston Private Capital Trust II (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 30, 2005)
10.35    Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Boston Private Capital Trust II dated September 27, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 30, 2005)

 

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Exhibit No.   

Description

10.36    Revolving Credit Agreement by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Sun Trust Bank, as administrative agent, dated December 23, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 28, 2005)
*10.37    Employment Agreement by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Steven D. Hayworth dated April 18, 2005 and amendment thereto, dated May 4, 2006.
10.38    Gibraltar Financial Corporation Amended and Restated 1996 Employee Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Form S-8 filed on October 3, 2005)
10.39    Gibraltar Financial Corporation 2002 Non-Employee Director and Agent Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.’s Form S-8 filed on October 3, 2005)
10.40    Change in Control Protection Agreement by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Robert J. Whelan dated October 23, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 25, 2006)
10.41    Change in Control Protection Agreement by and between Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. and Kathryn A. Kearney dated October 23, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 25, 2006)
10.42    Forms of award grant agreements under the Company’s 2004 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibits 10.1, 10.2, and 10.3 to Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2006)
11.1    Statement regarding computation of per share earnings (set forth in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” herewith)
*21.1    List of Subsidiaries of Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.
*23.1    Consent of KPMG LLP
*23.2    Consent of Hacker, Johnson & Smith PA
*31.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a - 14(a)/15d - 14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
*31.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a - 14(a)/15d - 14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
*32.1    Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*32.2    Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

* Filed herewith

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on this 28th day of February, 2007.

 

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.

By:

 

/s/    TIMOTHY L. VAILL      

 

Timothy L. Vaill

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities indicated.

 

/s/    TIMOTHY L. VAILL        

Timothy L. Vaill

  

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

  February 28, 2007

/s/    WALTER M. PRESSEY        

Walter M. Pressey

  

President

  February 28, 2007

/s/    ROBERT J. WHELAN        

Robert J. Whelan

  

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

  February 28, 2007

/s/    WILLIAM H. MORTON        

William H. Morton

  

Controller and Treasurer (Principal Accounting Officer)

  February 28, 2007

/s/    HERBERT S. ALEXANDER        

Herbert S. Alexander

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    PETER C. BENNETT        

Peter C. Bennett

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    EUGENE S. COLANGELO        

Eugene S. Colangelo

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    KATHLEEN M. GRAVELINE        

Kathleen M. Graveline

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    LYNN THOMPSON HOFFMAN        

Lynn Thompson Hoffman

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    RICHARD I. MORRIS, JR.        

Richard I. Morris, Jr.

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    WILLIAM J. SHEA        

William J. Shea

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    DR. ALLEN L. SINAI        

Dr. Allen L. Sinai

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

/s/    STEPHEN M. WATERS        

Stephen M. Waters

  

Director

  February 28, 2007

 

128