EA 09.30.2012-10Q DOC
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
 
þ
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2012
OR
 
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Transition Period from              to            
Commission File No. 000-17948
ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
94-2838567
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
209 Redwood Shores Parkway
Redwood City, California
94065
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(650) 628-1500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  þ    NO  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    YES  þ    NO  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer
þ
Accelerated filer                   
¨
Non-accelerated filer
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

¨
Smaller reporting company 
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    YES  ¨    NO  þ
As of November 1, 2012, there were 305,135,363 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

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Table of Contents

ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2012
Table of Contents
 
 
 
Page
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 6.

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Table of Contents

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
(Unaudited)
(In millions, except par value data)
September 30,
2012
 
March 31,
2012 (a)
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
871

 
$
1,293

Short-term investments
351

 
437

Marketable equity securities
93

 
119

Receivables, net of allowances of $182 and $252, respectively
643

 
366

Inventories
71

 
59

Deferred income taxes, net
64

 
67

Other current assets
239

 
268

Total current assets
2,332

 
2,609

Property and equipment, net
561

 
568

Goodwill
1,723

 
1,718

Acquisition-related intangibles, net
334

 
369

Deferred income taxes, net
49

 
42

Other assets
192

 
185

TOTAL ASSETS
$
5,191

 
$
5,491

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
219

 
$
215

Accrued and other current liabilities
874

 
857

Deferred net revenue (packaged goods and digital content)
953

 
1,048

Total current liabilities
2,046

 
2,120

0.75% convertible senior notes due 2016, net
549

 
539

Income tax obligations
209

 
189

Deferred income taxes, net
2

 
8

Other liabilities
231

 
177

Total liabilities
3,037

 
3,033

Commitments and contingencies (See Note 12)

 

Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value. 10 shares authorized

 

Common stock, $0.01 par value. 1,000 shares authorized; 312 and 320 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
3

 
3

Paid-in capital
2,259

 
2,359

Accumulated deficit
(257
)
 
(77
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
149

 
173

Total stockholders’ equity
2,154

 
2,458

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
$
5,191

 
$
5,491

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).
 
(a) Derived from audited consolidated financial statements.

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ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions, except per share data)
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
$
481

 
$
592

 
$
1,183

 
$
1,486

Service and other
230

 
123

 
483

 
228

Total net revenue
711

 
715

 
$
1,666

 
$
1,714

Cost of revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
371

 
399

 
503

 
611

Service and other
74

 
33

 
147

 
61

Total cost of revenue
445

 
432

 
650

 
672

Gross profit
266

 
283

 
1,016

 
1,042

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and development
314

 
318

 
604

 
603

Marketing and sales
212

 
222

 
357

 
362

General and administrative
99

 
88

 
185

 
162

Acquisition-related contingent consideration

 
17

 
(20
)
 
19

Amortization of intangibles
7

 
13

 
14

 
26

Restructuring and other charges
(2
)
 
(1
)
 
25

 
17

Total operating expenses
630

 
657

 
1,165

 
1,189

Operating loss
(364
)
 
(374
)
 
(149
)
 
(147
)
Interest and other expense, net
(4
)
 
(6
)
 
(9
)
 
(3
)
Loss before provision for (benefit from) income taxes
(368
)
 
(380
)
 
(158
)
 
(150
)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
13

 
(40
)
 
22

 
(31
)
Net loss
$
(381
)
 
$
(340
)
 
$
(180
)
 
$
(119
)
Net loss per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and Diluted
$
(1.21
)
 
$
(1.03
)
 
$
(0.57
)
 
$
(0.36
)
Number of shares used in computation:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and Diluted
316

 
331

 
317

 
331

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).


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ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions)
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net loss
$
(381
)
 
$
(340
)
 
$
(180
)
 
$
(119
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities
17

 
42

 
(25
)
 
55

Reclassification adjustment for realized gains on available-for-sale securities

 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Change in unrealized losses on derivative instruments
(3
)
 
(1
)
 
(2
)
 
(1
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized losses on derivative instruments
1

 

 
1

 
2

Foreign currency translation adjustments
19

 
(22
)
 
2

 
(16
)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
34

 
18

 
(24
)
 
39

Total comprehensive loss
$
(347
)
 
$
(322
)
 
$
(204
)
 
$
(80
)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).


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ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions)
2012
 
2011
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(180
)
 
$
(119
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation, amortization and accretion, net
112

 
94

Stock-based compensation
83

 
81

Acquisition-related contingent consideration
(20
)
 
19

Non-cash restructuring charges
7

 

Net gains on investments and sale of property and equipment

 
(12
)
Change in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Receivables, net
(274
)
 
(215
)
Inventories
(13
)
 
(11
)
Other assets

 
(63
)
Accounts payable
9

 
(57
)
Accrued and other liabilities
109

 
2

Deferred income taxes, net
(10
)
 
(48
)
Deferred net revenue (packaged goods and digital content)
(95
)
 
(156
)
Net cash used in operating activities
(272
)
 
(485
)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(56
)
 
(84
)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

 
26

Proceeds from maturities and sales of short-term investments
280

 
319

Purchase of short-term investments
(197
)
 
(179
)
Acquisition-related restricted cash
25

 

Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired
(10
)
 
(657
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
42

 
(575
)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
18

 
35

Proceeds from borrowings on convertible senior notes, net of issuance costs

 
617

Proceeds from issuance of warrants

 
65

Purchase of convertible note hedge

 
(107
)
Payment of debt issuance costs
(2
)
 

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation

 
3

Repurchase and retirement of common stock
(179
)
 
(189
)
Acquisition-related contingent consideration payment
(26
)
 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(189
)
 
424

Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents
(3
)
 
(13
)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(422
)
 
(649
)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents
1,293

 
1,579

Ending cash and cash equivalents
$
871

 
$
930

Supplemental cash flow information:
 
 
 
Cash paid (refunded) during the period for income taxes, net
$
17

 
$
(9
)
Cash paid during the period for interest
$
2

 
$

Non-cash investing activities:
 
 
 
Change in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes
$
(25
)
 
$
55

Equity issued in connection with acquisition
$

 
$
87

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).

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ELECTRONIC ARTS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1) DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

We develop, market, publish and distribute game software content and services that can be played by consumers on a variety of platforms, including video game consoles (such as the Sony PLAYSTATION 3, Microsoft Xbox 360, and Nintendo Wii), personal computers, mobile devices (such as the Apple iPhone and Google Android compatible phones), tablets and electronic readers (such as the Apple iPad and Amazon Kindle), and the Internet. Our ability to publish games across multiple platforms, through multiple distribution channels, and directly to consumers (online and wirelessly) has been, and will continue to be, a cornerstone of our product strategy. We have generated substantial growth in new business models and alternative revenue streams (such as subscription, micro-transactions, and advertising) based on the continued expansion of our online and wireless platform. Some of our games are based on our own wholly-owned intellectual property (e.g., Battlefield, Mass Effect, Need for Speed, The Sims, Bejeweled, and Plants v. Zombies), and some of our games are based on content that we license from others (e.g., FIFA, Madden NFL, and Star Wars: The Old Republic). Our goal is to turn our core intellectual properties into year-round businesses available on a range of platforms. Our products and services may be purchased through physical and online retailers, platform providers such as console manufacturers and mobile carriers via digital downloads, as well as directly through our own distribution platform, including online portals such as Origin and Play4Free.
Our fiscal year is reported on a 52- or 53-week period that ends on the Saturday nearest March 31. Our results of operations for the fiscal years ending or ended, as the case may be, March 31, 2013 and 2012 contain 52 weeks each, and ends or ended, as the case may be, on March 30, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively. Our results of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 contained 13 and 26 weeks each, respectively, and ended on September 29, 2012 and October 1, 2011, respectively. For simplicity of disclosure, all fiscal periods are referred to as ending on a calendar month end.
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals unless otherwise indicated) that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The results of operations for the current interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the current year or any other period.
These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012, as filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on May 25, 2012.

(2) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. We measure certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis.
Fair Value Hierarchy
The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:
Level 1. Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2. Observable inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets), or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated with observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3. Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of assets or liabilities.

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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
As of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, our assets and liabilities that were measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in millions):
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
 
  
 
 
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets 
for Identical
Financial
Instruments
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
 
 
As of
September 30,
2012
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
 
Balance Sheet Classification
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
200

 
$
200

 
$

 
$

 
Cash equivalents
Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate bonds
180

 

 
180

 

 
Short-term investments
U.S. Treasury securities
95

 
95

 

 

 
Short-term investments
U.S. agency securities
74

 

 
74

 

 
Short-term investments and cash equivalents
Marketable equity securities
93

 
93

 

 

 
Marketable equity securities
Commercial paper
5

 

 
5

 

 
Short-term investments and cash equivalents
Deferred compensation plan assets (a)
11

 
11

 

 

 
Other assets
Foreign currency derivatives
1

 

 
1

 

 
Other current assets
Total assets at fair value
$
659

 
$
399

 
$
260

 
$

 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration (b)
$
88

 
$

 
$

 
$
88

 
Accrued and other current liabilities and other liabilities
Total liabilities at fair value
$
88

 
$

 
$

 
$
88

 
 

 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent
Consideration
 
 
Balance as of March 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
112

 
 
Change in fair value (c)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(20
)
 
 
Payments (d)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4
)
 
 
Balance as of September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
88

 
 

 

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Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
 
  
 
 
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets 
for Identical
Financial
Instruments
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
 
 
As of
March 31,
2012
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
 
Balance Sheet Classification
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
490

 
$
490

 
$

 
$

 
Cash equivalents
Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities
170

 
170

 

 

 
Short-term investments and cash equivalents
Corporate bonds
150

 

 
150

 

 
Short-term investments
Marketable equity securities
119

 
119

 

 

 
Marketable equity securities
U.S. agency securities
116

 

 
116

 

 
Short-term investments
Commercial paper
16

 

 
16

 

 
Short-term investments and cash equivalents
Deferred compensation plan assets (a)
11

 
11

 

 

 
Other assets
Foreign currency derivatives
2

 

 
2

 

 
Other current assets
Total assets at fair value
$
1,074

 
$
790

 
$
284

 
$

 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration (b)
$
112

 
$

 
$

 
$
112

 
Accrued and other current liabilities and other liabilities
Total liabilities at fair value
$
112

 
$

 
$

 
$
112

 
 

 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent
Consideration
 
 
Balance as of March 31, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
51

 
 
Additions
 
 
 
 
 
 
100

 
 
Change in fair value (c)
 
 
 
 
 
 
11

 
 
Payment (d)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(25
)
 
 
Reclassification (e)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(25
)
 
 
Balance as of March 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
112

 
 

(a)
The deferred compensation plan assets consist of various mutual funds.

(b)
The contingent consideration as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 represents the estimated fair value of the additional variable cash consideration payable primarily in connection with our acquisitions of PopCap Games, Inc. (“PopCap”), KlickNation Corporation (“KlickNation”), and Chillingo Limited (“Chillingo”) that is contingent upon the achievement of certain performance milestones. We estimated the fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration payable using probability-weighted discounted cash flow models, and applied a discount rate that appropriately captures a market participant’s view of the risk associated with the obligation. The weighted average of the discount rates used during the six months ended September 30, 2012 was 13 percent. The weighted average of the discount rates used during fiscal year 2012, was 12 percent. The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the acquisition-related contingent consideration payable are forecasted earnings. Significant changes in forecasted earnings would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. At September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, the fair market value of acquisition-related contingent consideration totaled $88 million and $112 million, respectively, compared to a maximum potential payout of $568 million and $572 million, respectively.

(c)
The change in fair value is reported as acquisition-related contingent consideration in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.


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(d)
During the six months ended September 30, 2012, we made a payment of $4 million to settle certain performance milestones achieved in connection with one of our acquisitions. During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012, we made a payment of $25 million to settle certain performance milestones achieved through December 31, 2011 in connection with our acquisition of Playfish Limited (“Playfish”).

(e)
During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012, we reclassified $25 million of contingent consideration in connection with our acquisition of Playfish to other current liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as the contingency was settled. This amount was paid during the second quarter of fiscal 2013.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

During the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, there were no material impairment charges for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in periods subsequent to initial recognition.

(3) FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Cash and Cash Equivalents
As of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, our cash and cash equivalents were $871 million and $1,293 million, respectively. Cash equivalents were valued at their carrying amounts as they approximate fair value due to the short maturities of these financial instruments.
Short-Term Investments
Short-term investments consisted of the following as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 (in millions): 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
As of March 31, 2012
 
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross Unrealized
 
Fair
Value
 
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross Unrealized
 
Fair
Value
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Corporate bonds
$
179

 
$
1

 
$

 
$
180

 
$
149

 
$
1

 
$

 
$
150

U.S. Treasury securities
95

 

 

 
95

 
166

 

 

 
166

U.S. agency securities
73

 

 

 
73

 
116

 

 

 
116

Commercial paper
3

 

 

 
3

 
5

 

 

 
5

Short-term investments
$
350

 
$
1

 
$

 
$
351

 
$
436

 
$
1

 
$

 
$
437

We evaluate our investments for impairment quarterly. Factors considered in the review of investments with an unrealized loss include the credit quality of the issuer, the duration that the fair value has been less than the adjusted cost basis, the severity of the impairment, the reason for the decline in value and potential recovery period, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investees, our intent to sell the investments, any contractual terms impacting the prepayment or settlement process, as well as if we would be required to sell an investment due to liquidity or contractual reasons before its anticipated recovery. Based on our review, we did not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012.
The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of our short-term investments, classified by stated maturity as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 (in millions): 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
As of March 31, 2012
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
Short-term investments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Due in 1 year or less
$
132

 
$
132

 
$
207

 
$
207

Due in 1-2 years
112

 
112

 
123

 
124

Due in 2-3 years
106

 
107

 
106

 
106

Short-term investments
$
350

 
$
351

 
$
436

 
$
437



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Marketable Equity Securities
Our investments in marketable equity securities consist of investments in common stock of publicly-traded companies and are accounted for as available-for-sale securities and are recorded at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity, net of tax, until either the security is sold or we determine that the decline in the fair value of a security to a level below its adjusted cost basis is other-than-temporary. We evaluate these investments for impairment quarterly. If we conclude that an investment is other-than-temporarily impaired, we recognize an impairment charge at that time in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Marketable equity securities consisted of the following as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 (in millions): 
 
Adjusted
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
As of September 30, 2012
$
32

 
$
61

 
$

 
$
93

As of March 31, 2012
$
32

 
$
87

 
$

 
$
119


We did not recognize any impairment charges during the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 on our marketable equity securities. We did not sell any of our marketable securities during the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.

0.75% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2016
The following table summarizes the carrying value and fair value of our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 (in millions): 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
As of March 31, 2012
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value
0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016
$
549

 
$
580

 
$
539

 
$
584

The carrying value of the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 excludes the fair value of the equity conversion feature, which was classified as equity upon issuance, while the fair value is based on quoted market prices for the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016, which includes the equity conversion feature. The fair value of the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 is classified as level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. See Note 11 for additional information related to our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016.

(4) DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The assets or liabilities associated with our derivative instruments and hedging activities are recorded at fair value in other current assets or accrued and other current liabilities, respectively, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As discussed below, the accounting for gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value depends on the use of the derivative instrument and whether it is designated and qualifies for hedge accounting.
We transact business in various foreign currencies and have significant international sales and expenses denominated in foreign currencies, subjecting us to foreign currency risk. We purchase foreign currency option contracts, generally with maturities of 15 months or less, to reduce the volatility of cash flows primarily related to forecasted revenue and expenses denominated in certain foreign currencies. In addition, we utilize foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate foreign exchange rate risk associated with foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities, primarily intercompany receivables and payables. The foreign currency forward contracts generally have a contractual term of approximately three months or less and are transacted near month-end. At each quarter-end, the fair value of the foreign currency forward contracts generally is not significant. We do not use foreign currency option or foreign currency forward contracts for speculative or trading purposes.
Cash Flow Hedging Activities
Our foreign currency option contracts are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. The effectiveness of the cash flow hedge contracts, including time value, is assessed monthly using regression analysis, as well as other timing and probability criteria. To qualify for hedge accounting treatment, all hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedges and must be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions. The effective portion of gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of these hedges is initially reported, net of tax, as a component of accumulated

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other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. The gross amount of the effective portion of gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of these hedges is subsequently reclassified into net revenue or research and development expenses, as appropriate, in the period when the forecasted transaction is recognized in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. In the event that the gains or losses in accumulated other comprehensive income are deemed to be ineffective, the ineffective portion of gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value, if any, is reclassified to interest and other expense, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. In the event that the underlying forecasted transactions do not occur, or it becomes remote that they will occur, within the defined hedge period, the gains or losses on the related cash flow hedges are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest and other expense, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of September 30, 2012, we had foreign currency option contracts to purchase approximately $53 million in foreign currency and to sell approximately $94 million of foreign currency. All of the foreign currency option contracts outstanding as of September 30, 2012 will mature in the next 12 months. As of March 31, 2012, we had foreign currency option contracts to purchase approximately $74 million in foreign currency and to sell approximately $78 million of foreign currency. As of September 30, 2012, the fair value of these outstanding foreign currency option contracts was immaterial and are included in other current assets. As of March 31, 2012, these foreign currency option contracts outstanding had a total fair value of $2 million and are included in other current assets.
The effective and ineffective portions of the gains and losses from our foreign currency option contracts in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were immaterial.
Balance Sheet Hedging Activities
Our foreign currency forward contracts are not designated as hedging instruments, and are accounted for as derivatives whereby the fair value of the contracts is reported as other current assets or accrued and other current liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value are reported in interest and other expense, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The gains and losses on these foreign currency forward contracts generally offset the gains and losses in the underlying foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities, which are also reported in interest and other expense, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of September 30, 2012, we had foreign currency forward contracts to purchase and sell approximately $352 million in foreign currencies. Of this amount, $343 million represented contracts to sell foreign currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars, and $9 million to sell foreign currency in exchange for British pounds sterling. As of March 31, 2012, we had foreign currency forward contracts to purchase and sell approximately $242 million in foreign currencies. Of this amount, $197 million represented contracts to sell foreign currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars, $37 million to purchase foreign currency in exchange for U.S. dollars, and $8 million to sell foreign currency in exchange for British pounds sterling. As of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, the fair value of our foreign currency forward contracts was immaterial and is included in accrued and other liabilities.

The effect of foreign currency forward contracts in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, was as follows (in millions):
 
 
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income from Derivatives
  
Location of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in Income from
Derivatives
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Foreign currency forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments
Interest and other 
expense, net
 
$
(6
)
 
$
16

 
$
1

 
$
14



(5) BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

During the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, we completed one acquisition that did not have a significant impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.



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(6) GOODWILL AND ACQUISITION-RELATED INTANGIBLES, NET
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows (in millions): 
 
EA Labels Segment
As of March 31, 2012
 
Goodwill
$
2,086

Accumulated impairment
(368
)
Total
1,718

Goodwill acquired
3

Effects of foreign currency translation
2

As of September 30, 2012
 
Goodwill
2,091

Accumulated impairment
(368
)
Total
$
1,723

Amortization of intangibles for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, are classified in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations as follows (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Cost of product
$
8

 
$
6

 
$
17

 
$
8

Cost of service and other
6

 
2

 
12

 
3

Operating expenses
7

 
13

 
14

 
26

Total
$
21

 
$
21

 
$
43

 
$
37

Acquisition-related intangibles consisted of the following (in millions): 
 
As of September 30, 2012
 
As of March 31, 2012
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Acquisition-
Related
Intangibles, Net
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Acquisition-
Related
Intangibles, Net
Developed and core technology
$
525

 
$
(257
)
 
$
268

 
$
518

 
$
(229
)
 
$
289

Trade names and trademarks
131

 
(91
)
 
40

 
131

 
(84
)
 
47

Registered user base and other intangibles
90

 
(83
)
 
7

 
90

 
(80
)
 
10

Carrier contracts and related
85

 
(70
)
 
15

 
85

 
(67
)
 
18

In-process research and development
4

 

 
4

 
5

 

 
5

Total
$
835

 
$
(501
)
 
$
334

 
$
829

 
$
(460
)
 
$
369

Acquisition-related intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the agreement terms, typically from two to fourteen years. As of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, the weighted-average remaining useful life for acquisition-related intangible assets was approximately 5.3 years and 5.7 years, respectively.
As of September 30, 2012, future amortization of acquisition-related intangibles that will be recorded in cost of revenue and operating expenses is estimated as follows (in millions): 
Fiscal Year Ending March 31,
 
2013 (remaining six months)
$
38

2014
68

2015
63

2016
52

2017
43

Thereafter
70

Total
$
334


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(7) RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES
Restructuring and other restructuring plan-related information as of September 30, 2012 was as follows (in millions): 
 
Fiscal  2013
Restructuring
 
Fiscal  2011
Restructuring
 
Other
Restructurings and Reorganization
 
 
 
Workforce
 
Facilities-
related
 
Other
 
Workforce
 
Other
 
Facilities-
related
 
Other
 
Total
Balances as of March 31, 2011
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
3

 
$
101

 
$
8

 
$
5

 
$
117

Charges to operations

 

 

 
(1
)
 
21

 
(12
)
 
8

 
16

Charges settled in cash

 

 

 
(2
)
 
(47
)
 
7

 
(13
)
 
(55
)
Balances as of March 31, 2012

 

 

 

 
75

 
3

 

 
78

Charges to operations
11

 
2

 
9

 

 
3

 

 

 
25

Charges settled in cash
(9
)
 

 
(1
)
 

 
(3
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(14
)
Changes settled in non-cash

 

 
(7
)
 

 

 

 

 
(7
)
Balances as of September 30, 2012
$
2

 
$
2

 
$
1

 
$

 
$
75

 
$
2

 
$

 
$
82


Fiscal 2013 Restructuring

On May 7, 2012, we announced a restructuring plan to align our cost structure with our ongoing digital transformation. Under this plan, we reduced our workforce, terminated licensing agreements, and consolidated or closed various facilities. The majority of these actions were completed by September 30, 2012.

Since the inception of the fiscal 2013 restructuring plan through September 30, 2012, we have incurred charges of $22 million, consisting of (1) $11 million in employee-related expenses, (2) $9 million related to license termination costs, and (3) $2 million related to the closure of certain of our facilities. We anticipate incurring approximately $3 million of additional facility closure costs related to this plan during the three months ended December 31, 2012. Substantially all of these costs will be settled in cash by March 31, 2013, with the exception of approximately $4 million of license and lease termination costs, which will be settled by May 2016.
Fiscal 2011 Restructuring
In fiscal year 2011, we announced a plan focused on the restructuring of certain licensing and developer agreements in an effort to improve the long-term profitability of our packaged goods business. Under this plan, we amended certain licensing and developer agreements. To a much lesser extent, as part of this restructuring we had workforce reductions and facilities closures through March 31, 2011. Substantially all of these exit activities were completed by March 31, 2011.
Since the inception of the fiscal 2011 restructuring plan through September 30, 2012, we have incurred charges of $171 million, consisting of (1) $128 million related to the amendment of certain licensing agreements and other intangible asset impairment costs, (2) $31 million related to the amendment of certain developer agreements, and (3) $12 million in employee-related expenses. The $75 million restructuring accrual as of September 30, 2012 related to the fiscal 2011 restructuring is expected to be settled by June 2016. We currently estimate recognizing in future periods through June 2016, approximately $11 million for the accretion of interest expense related to our amended licensing and developer agreements, of which $3 million will be recognized during the remainder of fiscal year 2013. This interest expense will be included in restructuring and other charges in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Overall, including $171 million in charges incurred through September 30, 2012, we expect to incur total cash and non-cash charges between $180 million and $185 million by June 2016. These charges will consist primarily of (1) charges, including accretion of interest expense, related to the amendment of certain licensing and developer agreements and other intangible asset impairment costs (approximately $170 million) and (2) employee-related costs ($12 million).
Other Restructurings and Reorganization
We also engaged in various other restructurings and a reorganization based on management decisions made prior to fiscal 2011. We do not expect to incur any additional restructuring charges under these plans. The $2 million restructuring accrual as of September 30, 2012 related to our other restructuring plans is expected to be settled by September 2016.


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(8) ROYALTIES AND LICENSES
Our royalty expenses consist of payments to (1) content licensors, (2) independent software developers, and (3) co-publishing and distribution affiliates. License royalties consist of payments made to celebrities, professional sports organizations, movie studios and other organizations for our use of their trademarks, copyrights, personal publicity rights, content and/or other intellectual property. Royalty payments to independent software developers are payments for the development of intellectual property related to our games. Co-publishing and distribution royalties are payments made to third parties for the delivery of products.
Royalty-based obligations with content licensors and distribution affiliates are either paid in advance and capitalized as prepaid royalties or are accrued as incurred and subsequently paid. These royalty-based obligations are generally expensed to cost of revenue generally at the greater of the contractual rate or an effective royalty rate based on the total projected net revenue for contracts with guaranteed minimums. Prepayments made to thinly capitalized independent software developers and co-publishing affiliates are generally made in connection with the development of a particular product, and therefore, we are generally subject to development risk prior to the release of the product. Accordingly, payments that are due prior to completion of a product are generally expensed to research and development over the development period as the services are incurred. Payments due after completion of the product (primarily royalty-based in nature) are generally expensed as cost of revenue.

Our contracts with some licensors include minimum guaranteed royalty payments, which are initially recorded as an asset and as a liability at the contractual amount when no performance remains with the licensor. When performance remains with the licensor, we record guarantee payments as an asset when actually paid and as a liability when incurred, rather than recording the asset and liability upon execution of the contract. Royalty liabilities are classified as current liabilities to the extent such royalty payments are contractually due within the next 12 months.
Each quarter, we also evaluate the expected future realization of our royalty-based assets, as well as any unrecognized minimum commitments not yet paid to determine amounts we deem unlikely to be realized through product sales. Any impairments or losses determined before the launch of a product are charged to research and development expense. Impairments or losses determined post-launch are charged to cost of revenue. We evaluate long-lived royalty-based assets for impairment generally using undiscounted cash flows when impairment indicators exist. Unrecognized minimum royalty-based commitments are accounted for as executory contracts, and therefore, any losses on these commitments are recognized when the underlying intellectual property is abandoned (i.e., cease use) or the contractual rights to use the intellectual property are terminated. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we recognized losses of $9 million on previously unrecognized royalty-based commitments. During the six months ended September 30, 2012, we recognized losses of $18 million on previously unrecognized royalty-based commitments, inclusive of $9 million in license termination costs related to our fiscal 2013 restructuring. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, we recognized a reduction of accrued expenses of $1 million and additional losses of $14 million, respectively, representing adjustments to our fiscal 2011 restructuring. The losses related to restructuring and other plan-related activities are presented in Note 7.
The current and long-term portions of prepaid royalties and minimum guaranteed royalty-related assets, included in other current assets and other assets, consisted of (in millions): 
 
As of
September 30,
2012
 
As of
March 31,
2012
Other current assets
$
66

 
$
85

Other assets
102

 
102

Royalty-related assets
$
168

 
$
187

At any given time, depending on the timing of our payments to our co-publishing and/or distribution affiliates, content licensors, and/or independent software developers, we recognize unpaid royalty amounts owed to these parties as accrued liabilities. The current and long-term portions of accrued royalties, included in accrued and other current liabilities and other liabilities, consisted of (in millions): 
 
As of
September 30,
2012
 
As of
March 31,
2012
Accrued and other current liabilities
$
149

 
$
121

Other liabilities
68

 
52

Royalty-related liabilities
$
217

 
$
173


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As of September 30, 2012, $1 million of restructuring accruals related to the fiscal 2013 restructuring plan, and $75 million of restructuring accruals related to the fiscal 2011 restructuring plan are included in royalty-related liabilities in the table above. See Note 7 for details of restructuring and other restructuring plan-related activities and Note 9 for the details of our accrued and other current liabilities.
In addition, as of September 30, 2012, we were committed to pay approximately $1,168 million to content licensors, independent software developers, and co-publishing and/or distribution affiliates, but performance remained with the counterparty (i.e., delivery of the product or content or other factors) and such commitments were therefore not recorded in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

(9) BALANCE SHEET DETAILS
Inventories
Inventories as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 consisted of (in millions): 
 
As of
September 30,
2012
 
As of
March 31,
2012
Raw materials and work in process
$
3

 
$

In-transit inventory
2

 

Finished goods
66

 
59

Inventories
$
71

 
$
59

Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net, as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 consisted of (in millions): 
 
As of
September 30,
2012
 
As of
March 31,
2012
Computer equipment and software
$
637

 
$
575

Buildings
341

 
339

Leasehold improvements
129

 
121

Office equipment, furniture and fixtures
73

 
72

Land
64

 
64

Warehouse equipment and other
10

 
10

Construction in progress
9

 
38

 
1,263

 
1,219

Less: accumulated depreciation
(702
)
 
(651
)
Property and equipment, net
$
561

 
$
568

Depreciation expense associated with property and equipment was $29 million and $57 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. Depreciation expense associated with property and equipment was $26 million and $51 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.
Acquisition-Related Restricted Cash Included in Other Current Assets
Included in other current assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets was $6 million and $31 million of acquisition-related restricted cash as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively. As these deposits are restricted in nature, they are excluded from cash and cash equivalents.

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Accrued and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued and other current liabilities as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 consisted of (in millions): 
 
As of
September 30,
2012
 
As of
March 31,
2012
Other accrued expenses
$
404

 
$
441

Accrued compensation and benefits
169

 
233

Deferred net revenue (other)
175

 
85

Accrued royalties
126

 
98

Accrued and other current liabilities
$
874

 
$
857

Deferred net revenue (other) includes the deferral of subscription revenue, deferrals related to our Switzerland distribution business, advertising revenue, licensing arrangements, and other revenue for which revenue recognition criteria has not been met.
Deferred Net Revenue (Packaged Goods and Digital Content)
Deferred net revenue (packaged goods and digital content) was $953 million and $1,048 million as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively. Deferred net revenue (packaged goods and digital content) includes the unrecognized revenue from (1) bundled sales of certain online-enabled packaged goods and digital content for which either we do not have VSOE for the online service that we provide in connection with the sale of the software or we have an obligation to provide future incremental unspecified digital content, (2) certain packaged goods sales of MMO role-playing games, and (3) sales of certain incremental content associated with our core subscription services that can only be played online, which are types of “micro-transactions.” We recognize revenue from sales of online-enabled packaged goods and digital content for which (1) we do not have VSOE for the online service that we provided in connection with the sale and (2) we have an obligation to deliver incremental unspecified digital content in the future without an additional fee on a straight-line basis generally over an estimated six-month period beginning in the month after shipment. However, we expense the cost of revenue related to these transactions during the period in which the product is delivered (rather than on a deferred basis).

(10) INCOME TAXES
We estimate our annual effective tax rate at the end of each quarterly period, and we record the tax effect of certain discrete items, which are unusual or occur infrequently, in the interim period in which they occur, including changes in judgment about deferred tax valuation allowances. In addition, jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year, jurisdictions with a year-to-date loss where no tax benefit can be recognized, and jurisdictions where we are unable to estimate an annual effective tax rate are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate. The impact of such an exclusion could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a particular quarter depending on the mix and timing of actual earnings versus annual projections.
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statement amount and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax losses and tax credit carry forwards. We record a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets when it is considered more likely than not that all or a portion of our deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making this determination, we are required to give significant weight to evidence that can be objectively verified. It is generally difficult to conclude that a valuation allowance is not needed when there is significant negative evidence, such as cumulative losses in recent years. Forecasts of future taxable income are considered to be less objective than past results, particularly in light of the economic environment. Therefore, cumulative losses weigh heavily in the overall assessment. Based on the assumptions and requirements noted above, we have recorded a valuation allowance against most of our U.S. deferred tax assets. In addition, we expect to provide a valuation allowance on future U.S. tax benefits until we can sustain a level of profitability or until other significant positive evidence arises that suggest that these benefits are more likely than not to be realized.
During the three months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded approximately $55 million of additional net deferred tax liabilities related to the PopCap acquisition. These additional deferred tax liabilities create a new source of taxable income, thereby requiring us to release a portion of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance with a related reduction in income tax expense of $55 million.
The provision for income taxes reported for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 is based on our projected annual effective tax rate for fiscal year 2013, and also includes certain discrete tax benefits recorded during the period. Our effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 was a tax expense of 3.5 percent and 13.9 percent,

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respectively, as compared to a tax benefit of 10.5 percent and 20.7 percent, respectively, for the same periods of fiscal 2012. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 differs from the statutory rate of 35.0 percent primarily due to the U.S. losses for which no benefit is recognized and non-U.S. losses with a reduced or zero tax benefit. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011 differs from the statutory rate of 35.0 percent primarily due to the utilization of U.S. deferred tax assets which were subject to a valuation allowance, a reduction in the U.S. valuation allowance related to the PopCap acquisition, and non-U.S. profits subject to a reduced or zero tax rate. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 differs from the same period in fiscal year 2012 primarily due to greater tax benefits recorded in fiscal year 2012 related to the reduction of the U.S. valuation allowance for the PopCap acquisition.
During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we recorded a net increase of $9 million in gross unrecognized tax benefits. The total gross unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2012 is $283 million, of which approximately $43 million is offset by prior cash deposits to tax authorities for issues pending resolution. A portion of our unrecognized tax benefits will affect our effective tax rate if they are recognized upon favorable resolution of the uncertain tax positions. As of September 30, 2012, if recognized, approximately $102 million of the unrecognized tax benefits would affect our effective tax rate and approximately $168 million would result in adjustments to deferred tax assets with corresponding adjustments to the valuation allowance.
During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we recorded a net increase in taxes of $2 million for accrued interest and penalties related to tax positions taken on our tax returns. As of September 30, 2012, the combined amount of accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions included in income tax obligations on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was approximately $23 million.
The IRS has completed its examination of our federal income tax returns through fiscal year 2005, and is currently examining our returns for fiscal years 2006 through 2011. We are also currently under income tax examination in Canada for fiscal years 2004 and 2005, and in France for fiscal years 2006 through 2008. We remain subject to income tax examination for several other jurisdictions including Canada for fiscal years after 2003, in France for fiscal years after 2008, in Germany for fiscal years after 2007, in the United Kingdom for fiscal years after 2009, and in Switzerland for fiscal years after 2007.
The timing of the resolution of income tax examinations is highly uncertain, and the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of the issues raised by the taxing authorities may differ materially from the amounts accrued for each year. Although potential resolution of uncertain tax positions involve multiple tax periods and jurisdictions, it is reasonably possible that a reduction of up to $81 million of the reserves for unrecognized tax benefits may occur within the next 12 months, some of which, depending on the nature of the settlement or expiration of statutes of limitations, may affect our income tax provision (benefit) and therefore benefit the resulting effective tax rate. The actual amount could vary significantly depending on the ultimate timing and nature of any settlements.

(11) FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
0.75% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2016
In July 2011, we issued $632.5 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 (the “Notes”). The Notes are senior unsecured obligations which pay interest semiannually in arrears at a rate of 0.75 percent per annum on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on January 15, 2012 and will mature on July 15, 2016, unless earlier purchased or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date. The Notes are senior in right of payment to any unsecured indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Notes.

The Notes are convertible into cash and shares of our common stock based on an initial conversion value of 31.5075 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $31.74 per share). Upon conversion of the Notes, holders will receive cash up to the principal amount of each Note, and any excess conversion value will be delivered in shares of our common stock. Prior to April 15, 2016, the Notes are convertible only if (1) the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130 percent of the conversion price ($41.26 per share) on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any ten consecutive trading day period in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes falls below 98 percent of the last reported sale price of our common stock multiplied by the conversion rate on each trading day; or (3) specified corporate transactions, including a change in control, occur. On or after April 15, 2016, a holder may convert any of its Notes at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. The conversion rate is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments (for example, certain dividend distributions or tender or exchange offer of our common stock), but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. The Notes are not

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redeemable prior to maturity except for specified corporate transactions and events of default, and no sinking fund is provided for the Notes. The Notes do not contain any financial covenants.
We separately account for the liability and equity components of the Notes. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option is equal to the fair value of the Convertible Note Hedge, as described below, which is a substantially identical instrument and was purchased on the same day as the Notes. The carrying amount of the liability component was determined by deducting the fair value of the equity component from the par value of the Notes as a whole, and represents the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. A liability of $525 million as of the date of issuance was recognized for the principal amount of the Notes representing the present value of the Notes’ cash flows using a discount rate of 4.54 percent. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount is amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes using the effective interest method. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification.
In accounting for $15 million of issuance costs related to the Notes issuance, we allocated $13 million to the liability component and $2 million to the equity component. Debt issuance costs attributable to the liability component are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Notes, and issuance costs attributable to the equity component were netted with the equity component in additional paid-in capital.
The carrying values of the liability and equity components of the Notes are reflected in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as follows (in millions): 
  
As of
September 30,
2012
 
As of
March 31,
2012
Principal amount of Notes
$
633

 
$
633

Unamortized discount of the liability component
(84
)
 
(94
)
Net carrying amount of Notes
$
549

 
$
539

Equity component, net
$
105

 
$
105

Interest expense recognized related to the Notes are as follows (in millions): 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Amortization of debt discount
$
5

 
$
4

 
$
10

 
$
4

Amortization of debt issuance costs
1

 
1

 
2

 
1

Coupon interest expense
1

 
1

 
2

 
1

Total interest expense related to Notes
$
7

 
$
6

 
$
14

 
$
6

As of September 30, 2012, the remaining life of the Notes is 3.8 years.
Convertible Note Hedge and Warrants Issuance
In addition, in July 2011, we entered into privately negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (the “Convertible Note Hedge”) with certain counterparties to reduce the potential dilution with respect to our common stock upon conversion of the Notes. The Convertible Note Hedge, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, provides us with the option to acquire, on a net settlement basis, approximately 19.9 million shares of our common stock at a strike price of $31.74, which corresponds to the conversion price of the Notes and is equal to the number of shares of our common stock that notionally underlie the Notes. As of September 30, 2012, we have not purchased any shares under the Convertible Note Hedge. We paid $107 million for the Convertible Note Hedge, which was recorded as an equity transaction.
Separately, in July 2011 we also entered into privately negotiated warrant transactions with the certain counterparties whereby we sold to independent third parties warrants (the “Warrants”) to acquire, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments that are substantially the same as the anti-dilution provisions contained in the Notes, up to 19.9 million shares of our common stock (which is also equal to the number of shares of our common stock that notionally underlie the Notes), with a strike price of $41.14. The Warrants could have a dilutive effect with respect to our common stock to the extent that the market price per share of its common stock exceeds $41.14 on or prior to the expiration date of the Warrants. We received proceeds of $65 million from the sale of the Warrants.

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Credit Facility
On August 30, 2012, we entered into a $500 million 3.5 years senior unsecured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks. The credit facility terminates on February 29, 2016 and contains an option to arrange with existing lenders and/or new lenders for them to provide up to an aggregate of $250 million in additional commitments for revolving loans. Proceeds of loans made under the credit facility may be used for general corporate purposes.

The loans bear interest, at our option, at the base rate plus an applicable spread or an adjusted LIBOR rate plus an applicable spread, in each case with such spread being determined based on our consolidated leverage ratio for the preceding fiscal quarter. We are also obligated to pay other customary fees for a credit facility of this size and type. Interest is due and payable in arrears quarterly for loans bearing interest at the base rate and at the end of an interest period (or at each three month interval in the case of loans with interest periods greater than three months) in the case of loans bearing interest at the adjusted LIBOR rate. Principal, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, is due and payable on February 29, 2016.

The credit agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants that limit or restrict our ability to, among other things, incur subsidiary indebtedness, grant liens, dispose of all or substantially all assets and pay dividends or make distributions, in each case subject to customary exceptions for a credit facility of this size and type. We are also required to maintain compliance with a capitalization ratio and maintain a minimum level of total liquidity and a minimum level of domestic liquidity.

The credit agreement contains customary events of default, including among others, non-payment defaults, covenant defaults, bankruptcy and insolvency defaults and a change of control default, in each case, subject to customary exceptions for a credit facility of this size and type. The occurrence of an event of default could result in the acceleration of the obligations under the credit agreement, an obligation by any guarantors to repay the obligations in full and an increase in the applicable interest rate.

As of September 30, 2012, no amounts were outstanding under the credit facility. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we paid $2 million of debt issuance costs in connection with obtaining this credit facility. These costs are deferred and are being amortized to interest expense over the 3.5 years term of the credit facility.   

(12) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lease Commitments
As of September 30, 2012, we leased certain facilities, furniture and equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. We were required to pay property taxes, insurance and normal maintenance costs for certain of these facilities and any increases over the base year of these expenses on the remainder of our facilities.
Development, Celebrity, League and Content Licenses: Payments and Commitments
The products we produce in our studios are designed and created by our employee designers, artists, software programmers and by non-employee software developers (“independent artists” or “third-party developers”). We typically advance development funds to the independent artists and third-party developers during development of our games, usually in installment payments made upon the completion of specified development milestones. Contractually, these payments are generally considered advances against subsequent royalties on the sales of the products. These terms are set forth in written agreements entered into with the independent artists and third-party developers.
In addition, we have certain celebrity, league and content license contracts that contain minimum guarantee payments and marketing commitments that may not be dependent on any deliverables. Celebrities and organizations with whom we have contracts include: FIFA, FIFPRO Foundation, FAPL (Football Association Premier League Limited), and DFL Deutsche Fußball Liga GmbH (German Soccer League) (professional soccer); National Basketball Association (professional basketball); PGA TOUR, Tiger Woods and Augusta National (professional golf); National Hockey League and NHL Players’ Association (professional hockey); National Football League Properties, PLAYERS Inc., and Red Bear Inc. (professional football); Collegiate Licensing Company (collegiate football); Zuffa, LLC (Ultimate Fighting Championship); ESPN (content in EA SPORTS games); Hasbro, Inc. (most of Hasbro’s toy and game intellectual properties); and LucasArts and Lucas Licensing (Star Wars: The Old Republic). These developer and content license commitments represent the sum of (1) the cash payments due under non-royalty-bearing licenses and services agreements and (2) the minimum guaranteed payments and advances against royalties due under royalty-bearing licenses and services agreements, the majority of which are conditional upon performance by the counterparty. These minimum guarantee payments and any related marketing commitments are included in the table below.


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The following table summarizes our minimum contractual obligations as of September 30, 2012 (in millions): 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year Ending March 31,
 
 
 
2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Remaining
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
six mos.)
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
Thereafter
Unrecognized commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Developer/licensor commitments
$
1,168

 
$
66

 
$
166

 
$
164

 
$
207

 
$
58

 
$
507

Marketing commitments
273

 
49

 
53

 
34

 
34

 
20

 
83

Operating leases
196

 
26

 
51

 
42

 
29

 
16

 
32

0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 interest (a)
19

 
2

 
5

 
5

 
5

 
2

 

Other purchase obligations
45

 
15

 
22

 
8

 

 

 

Total unrecognized commitments
1,701

 
158

 
297

 
253

 
275

 
96

 
622

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recognized commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 principal (a)
633

 

 

 

 

 
633

 

Licensing and lease obligations (b)
95

 
21

 
27

 
20

 
5

 
20

 
2

Total recognized commitments
728

 
21

 
27

 
20

 
5

 
653

 
2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Commitments
$
2,429

 
$
179

 
$
324

 
$
273

 
$
280

 
$
749

 
$
624

(a)
Included in the $19 million coupon interest on the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 is $1 million of accrued interest recognized as of September 30, 2012. We will be obligated to pay the $632.5 million principal amount of the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 in cash and any excess conversion value in shares of our common stock upon redemption of the Notes at maturity on July 15, 2016 or upon earlier redemption. The $632.5 million principal amount excludes $84 million of unamortized discount of the liability component. See Note 11 for additional information regarding our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016.
(b)
See Note 7 for additional information regarding recognized commitments resulting from our restructuring plans. Lease commitments have not been reduced for approximately $6 million due in the future from third parties under non-cancelable sub-leases.
The unrecognized amounts represented in the table above reflect our minimum cash obligations for the respective fiscal years, but do not necessarily represent the periods in which they will be recognized and expensed in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the amounts in the table above are presented based on the dates the amounts are contractually due as of September 30, 2012; however, certain payment obligations may be accelerated depending on the performance of our operating results.
In addition to what is included in the table above, as of September 30, 2012, we had a liability for unrecognized tax benefits and an accrual for the payment of related interest totaling $261 million, of which we are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of when cash settlement with a taxing authority will occur.
In addition to what is included in the table above as of September 30, 2012, primarily in connection with our PopCap, KlickNation, and Chillingo acquisitions, we may be required to pay an additional $568 million of cash consideration based upon the achievement of certain performance milestones through March 31, 2015. As of September 30, 2012, we have accrued $88 million of contingent consideration on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet representing the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration.
Legal Proceedings
In June 2008, Geoffrey Pecover filed an antitrust class action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, alleging that EA obtained an illegal monopoly in a discreet antitrust market that consists of “league-branded football simulation video games” by bidding for, and winning, exclusive licenses with the NFL, Collegiate Licensing Company and Arena Football League. In December 2010, the district court granted the plaintiffs’ request to certify a class of plaintiffs consisting of all consumers who purchased EA’s Madden NFL, NCAA Football or Arena Football video games after 2005. In May 2012, the parties reached a settlement in principle to resolve all claims related to this action. As a result, we recognized a

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$27 million accrual for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 associated with the potential settlement. In July 2012, the plaintiffs filed a motion with the court to approve the settlement. On October 5, 2012, the court granted its preliminary approval of the settlement and scheduled a hearing to consider the court’s final approval of the settlement for February 7, 2013.
We are also subject to claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe that any liability from any reasonably foreseeable disposition of such claims and litigation, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

(13) STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Valuation Assumptions
We are required to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant. We recognize compensation costs for stock-based payment awards to employees based on the grant-date fair value using a straight-line approach over the service period for which such awards are expected to vest.
We determine the fair value of our share-based payment awards as follows:

Restricted Stock Units, Restricted Stock, and Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units. The fair value of restricted stock units, restricted stock, and performance-based restricted stock units (other than market-based restricted stock units) is determined based on the quoted market price of our common stock on the date of grant. Performance-based restricted stock units include grants made (1) to certain members of executive management primarily granted in fiscal year 2008 and (2) in connection with certain acquisitions.

Market-Based Restricted Stock Units. Market-based restricted stock units consist of grants of performance-based restricted stock units to certain members of executive management (referred to herein as “market-based restricted stock units”). The fair value of our market-based restricted stock units is determined using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. Key assumptions for the Monte-Carlo simulation model are the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility (of our common stock and of the common stock of our peer companies within the NASDAQ-100 Index), expected dividends and correlation coefficient.

Stock Options and Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The fair value of stock options and stock purchase rights granted pursuant to our equity incentive plans and our 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), respectively, is determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model based on the multiple-award valuation method. Key assumptions of the Black-Scholes valuation model are the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected term and expected dividends.
The determination of the fair value of market-based restricted stock units, stock options and ESPP is affected by assumptions regarding subjective and complex variables. Generally, our assumptions are based on historical information and judgment is required to determine if historical trends may be indicators of future outcomes.
The estimated assumptions used in the Black-Scholes valuation model to value our stock option grants were as follows:
 
Stock Option Grants
 
ESPP
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Risk-free interest rate
0.4 - 1.0%

 
0.4 - 1.2%

 
0.4 - 1.0%

 
0.4 - 1.8%

 
0.1 - 0.2%

 
0.1
%
Expected volatility
40 - 45%

 
41 - 44%

 
40 - 46%

 
40 - 44%

 
41 - 42%

 
39 - 40%

Weighted-average volatility
42
%
 
44
%
 
44
%
 
43
%
 
41
%
 
39
%
Expected term
4.3 years

 
4.4 years

 
4.4 years

 
4.4 years

 
6 - 12 months

 
6 - 12 months

Expected dividends
None

 
None

 
None

 
None

 
None

 
None


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The estimated assumptions used in the Monte-Carlo simulation model to value our market-based restricted stock units were as follows: 
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
Risk-free interest rate
0.2 - 0.4%

 
0.2 - 0.6%

Expected volatility
17 - 116%

 
14 - 83%

Weighted-average volatility
36
%
 
35
%
Expected dividends
None

 
None

There were no market-based restricted stock units granted during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Employee stock-based compensation expense recognized during the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was calculated based on awards ultimately expected to vest and has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. In subsequent periods, if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates, an adjustment to stock-based compensation expense will be recognized at that time.
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense resulting from stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and the ESPP included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Cost of revenue
$

 
$

 
$
1

 
$
1

Research and development
27

 
28

 
49

 
51

General and administrative
9

 
9

 
18

 
18

Marketing and sales
8

 
6

 
15

 
11

Stock-based compensation expense
$
44

 
$
43

 
$
83

 
$
81

During the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, we did not recognize any provision for or benefit from income taxes related to our stock-based compensation expense.
As of September 30, 2012, our total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options was $8 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average service period of 2.2 years. As of September 30, 2012, our total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock and restricted stock units (collectively referred to as “restricted stock rights”) was $301 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average service period of 2.0 years. Of the $301 million of unrecognized compensation cost, $16 million relates to market-based restricted stock units and $1 million relates to performance-based restricted stock units.
Stock Options
The following table summarizes our stock option activity for the six months ended September 30, 2012:
 
Options
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in millions)
Outstanding as of March 31, 2012
9,774

 
$
34.17

 
 
 
 
Granted
240

 
12.97

 
 
 
 
Exercised
(11
)
 
13.11

 
 
 
 
Forfeited, cancelled or expired
(797
)
 
35.46

 
 
 
 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2012
9,206

 
33.54

 
4.41
 
$

Vested and expected to vest
9,134

 
33.68

 
4.37
 
$

Exercisable as of September 30, 2012
8,476

 
34.90

 
4.08
 
$


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The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value based on our closing stock price as of September 30, 2012, which would have been received by the option holders had all the option holders exercised their options as of that date. The weighted-average grant date fair values of stock options granted during the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 were $4.36 and $4.65, respectively. We issue new common stock from our authorized shares upon the exercise of stock options.
Restricted Stock Rights
The following table summarizes our restricted stock rights activity, excluding performance-based and market-based restricted stock unit activity discussed below, for the six months ended September 30, 2012:
 
Restricted Stock
Rights
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Balance as of March 31, 2012
16,323

 
$
20.73

Granted
7,938

 
12.51

Vested
(4,583
)
 
21.56

Forfeited or cancelled
(993
)
 
18.86

Balance as of September 30, 2012
18,685

 
17.13

The weighted-average grant date fair values of restricted stock rights granted during the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 were $12.43 and $12.51, respectively.
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units
The following table summarizes our performance-based restricted stock unit activity for the six months ended September 30, 2012: 
 
Performance-
Based Restricted
Stock Units
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Balance as of March 31, 2012
1,421

 
$
50.35

Vested
(19
)
 
15.39

Forfeited or cancelled
(55
)
 
46.48

Balance as of September 30, 2012
1,347

 
51.00

Market-Based Restricted Stock Units
Our market-based restricted stock units vest contingent upon the achievement of pre-determined market and service conditions. If these market conditions are not met but service conditions are met, the restricted stock units will not vest; however, any compensation expense we have recognized to date will not be reversed. The number of shares of common stock to be received at vesting will range from zero percent to 200 percent of the target number of stock units based on our total stockholder return (“TSR”) relative to the performance of companies in the NASDAQ-100 Index for each measurement period over a three year period. The maximum number of common shares that could vest is approximately 2 million for market-based restricted stock units. The following table summarizes our market-based restricted stock unit activity for the six months ended September 30, 2012. We present shares granted at 100 percent of target of the number of stock units that may potentially vest. 
 
Market-Based
Restricted Stock
Units
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Balance as of March 31, 2012
520

 
$
34.77

Granted
670

 
10.45

Vested
(111
)
 
34.77

Forfeited or cancelled
(62
)
 
34.77

Balance as of September 30, 2012
1,017

 
18.75


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Stock Repurchase Program
In February 2011, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $600 million of our common stock over the next 18 months. We completed our program in April 2012. We repurchased approximately 32 million shares in the open market under the program. During the three months ended June 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 4.3 million shares of our common stock for approximately $71 million.

In July 2012, our Board of Directors authorized a new program to repurchase up to $500 million of our common stock. Under the program, we may purchase stock in the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws, including pursuant to pre-arranged stock trading plans. The timing and actual amount of the stock repurchases will depend on several factors including price, capital availability, regulatory requirements, alternative investment opportunities and other market conditions. We are not obligated to repurchase any specific number of shares under the program and the repurchase program may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 8.4 million shares of our common stock for approximately $108 million under this new program. We continue to actively repurchase shares under this program.

During the six months ended September 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 12.7 million shares of our common stock for approximately $179 million.
Annual Meeting of Stockholders
At our Annual Meeting of Stockholders, held on July 26, 2012, our stockholders approved amendments to our 2000 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Equity Plan”) to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized under the Equity Plan by 6,180,000 shares, and to increase the limit on the number of shares that may be covered by equity awards to eligible persons under the Equity Plan in a fiscal year.

(14) NET LOSS PER SHARE
As a result of our net loss for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, we have excluded all outstanding equity-based instruments from the diluted loss per share ("Diluted EPS") calculation as their inclusion would have had an antidilutive effect. Had we reported net income for these periods, an additional 2 million shares of common stock would have been included in the number of shares used to calculate Diluted EPS for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2012.

As a result of our net loss for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, we have excluded all outstanding equity-based instruments from the Diluted EPS calculation as their inclusion would have had an antidilutive effect. Had we reported net income for these periods, an additional 6 million shares and 7 million shares of common stock would have been included in the number of shares used to calculate Diluted EPS, respectively.

Potentially dilutive shares of common stock related to our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 issued during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012, which have a conversion price of $31.74 per share and the associated Warrants, which have a conversion price of $41.14 per share were excluded from the computation of Diluted EPS for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 as their inclusion would have had an antidilutive effect resulting from the conversion price. The associated Convertible Note Hedge was excluded from the calculation of diluted shares as the impact is always considered antidilutive since the call option would be exercised by us when the exercise price is lower than the market price. See Note 11 for additional information related to our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 and related Convertible Note Hedge and Warrants.

(15) SEGMENT INFORMATION
Our reporting segments are based upon: our internal organizational structure; the manner in which our operations are managed; the criteria used by our Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), to evaluate segment performance; the availability of separate financial information; and overall materiality considerations.

Our business is currently organized around our six operating labels, EA Games, EA SPORTS, Maxis, BioWare, PopCap and All Play. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we renamed our Social/Mobile studios to All Play. Our CODM regularly reviews the results of each of the operating labels. Due to their similar economic characteristics, products, and distribution methods, all six of the operating labels are aggregated into one reportable segment (the “EA Labels” segment) as shown below. In addition to assessing performance and allocating resources based on our operating segments, to a lesser degree, our CODM also reviews results based on geographic performance.

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The following table summarizes the financial performance of the EA Labels segment and a reconciliation of the EA Labels segment’s income to our consolidated operating loss for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
EA Labels segment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net revenue before revenue deferral
$
1,059

 
$
1,012

 
$
1,526

 
$
1,518

Depreciation and amortization
(13
)
 
(15
)
 
(29
)
 
(30
)
Other expenses
(792
)
 
(805
)
 
(1,253
)
 
(1,334
)
EA Labels segment income
254

 
192

 
244

 
154

Reconciliation to consolidated operating loss:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue deferral
(880
)
 
(800
)
 
(1,195
)
 
(1,050
)
Recognition of revenue deferral
511

 
481

 
1,290

 
1,206

Other net revenue
21

 
22

 
45

 
40

Depreciation and amortization
(37
)
 
(32
)
 
(71
)
 
(58
)
Acquisition-related contingent consideration

 
(17
)
 
20

 
(19
)
Restructuring and other charges
2

 
1

 
(25
)
 
(17
)
Stock-based compensation
(44
)
 
(43
)
 
(83
)
 
(81
)
Other expenses
(191
)
 
(178
)
 
(374
)
 
(322
)
Consolidated operating loss
$
(364
)
 
$
(374
)
 
$
(149
)
 
$
(147
)
EA Labels segment income differs from consolidated operating loss primarily due to the exclusion of (1) certain corporate and other functional costs that are not allocated to EA Labels, (2) the deferral of certain net revenue related to online-enabled packaged goods and digital content (see Note 9 for additional information regarding deferred net revenue (packaged goods and digital content)), and (3) our Switzerland distribution revenue and expenses that is not allocated to EA Labels. Our CODM reviews assets on a consolidated basis and not on a segment basis.
Information about our total net revenue by revenue composition for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is presented below (in millions): 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Publishing and other
$
365

 
$
450

 
$
957

 
$
1,097

Wireless, Internet-derived, advertising (digital)
324

 
234

 
666

 
466

Distribution
22

 
31

 
43

 
151

Net revenue
$
711

 
$
715

 
$
1,666

 
$
1,714

Information about our operations in North America, Europe and Asia as of and for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is presented below (in millions): 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net revenue from unaffiliated customers
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
North America
$
329

 
$
337

 
$
779

 
$
838

Europe
332

 
328

 
767

 
766

Asia
50

 
50

 
120

 
110

Net revenue
$
711

 
$
715

 
$
1,666

 
$
1,714

 

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As of September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
Long-lived assets
 
 
 
North America
$
2,109

 
$
2,161

Europe
462

 
438

Asia
47

 
49

Total
$
2,618

 
$
2,648

The basis by which we attribute net revenue from external customers to individual countries is based on the location of the legal entity that sells the products and/or services. Revenue generated in the United States represents 99 percent of our total North America net revenue. Revenue generated in Switzerland during the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 represents $92 million and $365 million, or 13 percent and 22 percent, of our total net revenue, respectively. Revenue generated in Switzerland during the three and six months ended September 30, 2011 represents $59 million and $229 million, or 8 percent and 13 percent, of our total net revenue, respectively. Revenue generated in the United Kingdom did not represent 10 percent or greater of our total net revenue during the three and six months ended September 30, 2012. Revenue generated in the United Kingdom during the three and six months ended September 30, 2011 represents $70 million and $172 million, or 10 percent of our total net revenue for each period. There were no other countries with net revenues greater than 10 percent.
Our direct sales to GameStop Corp. represented approximately 17 percent and 15 percent of total net revenue for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, respectively. Our direct sales to GameStop Corp. represented approximately 16 percent and 17 percent of total net revenue for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, respectively.

(16) IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11, Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities, which creates new disclosure requirements about the nature of an entity’s rights of offset and related arrangements associated with its financial instruments and derivative instruments. The disclosure requirements are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods therein, with retrospective application required. The new disclosures are designed to make financial statements that are prepared under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles more comparable to those prepared under International Financial Reporting Standards. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2011-11 on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. ASU 2012-02 amends the guidance in ASC 350-30 on testing indefinite-lived intangible assets, other than goodwill, for impairment. Under ASU 2012-02, an entity has the option of performing a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of an entity’s indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount before calculating the fair value of the asset. If the conclusion is that it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, the entity would be required to calculate the fair value of the asset. ASU 2012-02 is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. We early adopted this accounting guidance during the second quarter of fiscal year 2013, and the adoption did not have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.



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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Electronic Arts Inc.:
We have reviewed the condensed consolidated balance sheets of Electronic Arts Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of September 29, 2012 and October 1, 2011, and the related condensed consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the three- and six-month periods ended September 29, 2012 and October 1, 2011. These condensed consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.
We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the condensed consolidated financial statements referred to above for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We have previously audited, in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of Electronic Arts Inc. and subsidiaries as of March 31, 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated May 25, 2012, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2012 is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet for which it has been derived.

 
/s/   KPMG LLP
Santa Clara, California
November 6, 2012

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Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

CAUTIONARY NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, made in this Quarterly Report are forward looking. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements related to industry prospects, our future economic performance including anticipated revenues and expenditures, results of operations or financial position, and other financial items, our business plans and objectives, including our intended product releases, and may include certain assumptions that underlie the forward-looking statements. We use words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate” (and the negative of any of these terms), “future” and similar expressions to help identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to business and economic risk and reflect management’s current expectations, and involve subjects that are inherently uncertain and difficult to predict. Our actual results could differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. We will not necessarily update information if any forward-looking statement later turns out to be inaccurate. Risks and uncertainties that may affect our future results include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this report under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A, as well as in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on May 25, 2012 and in other documents we have filed with the SEC.

OVERVIEW
The following overview is a high-level discussion of our operating results, as well as some of the trends and drivers that affect our business. Management believes that an understanding of these trends and drivers is important in order to understand our results for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, as well as our future prospects. This summary is not intended to be exhaustive, nor is it intended to be a substitute for the detailed discussion and analysis provided elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, including in the remainder of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”),” “Risk Factors,” and the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes. Additional information can be found in the “Business” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 as filed with the SEC on May 25, 2012 and in other documents we have filed with the SEC.
About Electronic Arts
We develop, market, publish and distribute game software content and services that can be played by consumers on a variety of platforms, including video game consoles (such as the Sony PLAYSTATION 3, Microsoft Xbox 360, and Nintendo Wii), personal computers, mobile devices (such as the Apple iPhone and Google Android compatible phones), tablets and electronic readers (such as the Apple iPad and Amazon Kindle), and the Internet. Our ability to publish games across multiple platforms, through multiple distribution channels, and directly to consumers (online and wirelessly) has been, and will continue to be, a cornerstone of our product strategy. We have generated substantial growth in new business models and alternative revenue streams (such as subscription, micro-transactions, and advertising) based on the continued expansion of our online and wireless platform. Some of our games are based on our own wholly-owned intellectual property (e.g., Battlefield, Mass Effect, Need for Speed, The Sims, Bejeweled, and Plants v. Zombies), and some of our games are based on content that we license from others (e.g., FIFA, Madden NFL, and Star Wars: The Old Republic). Our goal is to turn our core intellectual properties into year-round businesses available on a range of platforms. Our products and services may be purchased through physical and online retailers, platform providers such as console manufacturers and mobile carriers via digital downloads, as well as directly through our own distribution platform, including online portals such as Origin and Play4Free.
Financial Results
Total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $711 million, a decrease of $4 million, or 1 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. At September 30, 2012, deferred net revenue associated with sales of online-enabled packaged goods and digital content increased by $369 million as compared to June 30, 2012, directly decreasing the amount of reported net revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2012. At September 30, 2011, deferred net revenue associated with sales of online-enabled packaged goods and digital content increased by $319 million as compared to June 30, 2011, directly decreasing the amount of reported net revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2011. Without this change in deferred net revenue, reported net revenue would have increased by approximately $46 million, or 4 percent, during the three months ended September 30, 2012. This increase was primarily the result of higher revenue from online-enabled packaged goods and digital content products that are subject to deferrals during the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. Net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was driven by Mass Effect 3, FIFA 2012, and Battlefield 3.

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Net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $381 million as compared to $340 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011. Diluted loss per share for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was $1.21 as compared to a diluted loss per share of $1.03 for the three months ended September 30, 2011. Net loss increased for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011 primarily as a result of (1) a $53 million increase in income tax expense due to a discrete $55 million tax benefit recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2012 related to the reversal of a portion of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance in connection with the PopCap acquisition, (2) a $17 million decrease in gross profit primarily due to an increase in the change in deferred net revenue related to certain online-enabled packaged goods and digital content offset by a greater percentage of net revenue from digital products, which have higher margins, and (3) a $14 million increase in personnel-related costs included in operating expenses due primarily to a 4 percent increase in headcount. This was partially offset by (1) an $18 million decrease in marketing and advertising costs and (2) a $17 million decrease in acquisition-related contingent consideration charges.
Trends in Our Business
Digital Content Distribution and Services. Consumers are spending an ever-increasing portion of their money and time on interactive entertainment that is accessible online, or through mobile digital devices such as smart phones, or through social networks such as Facebook. We provide a variety of online-delivered products and services including through our Origin platform. Many of our games that are available as packaged goods products are also available through direct online download through the Internet. We also offer online-delivered content and services that are add-ons or related to our packaged goods products such as additional game content or enhancements of multiplayer services. Further, we provide other games, content and services that are available only via electronic delivery, such as Internet-only games and game services, and games for mobile devices. 

Advances in mobile technology have resulted in a variety of new and evolving devices that are being used to play games by an ever-broadening base of consumers. We have responded to these advances in technology and consumer acceptance of digital distribution by offering different sales models, such as subscription services, online downloads for a one-time fee, micro-transactions and advertising-supported free-to-play games and game sites. In addition, we offer our consumers the ability to play a game across platforms on multiple devices. We significantly increased the revenues that we derive from wireless, Internet-derived and advertising (digital) products and services from $743 million in fiscal year 2011 to $1,159 million in fiscal year 2012 and we expect this portion of our business to continue to grow in fiscal 2013 and beyond.
Wireless and Other Emerging Platforms. Advances in technology have resulted in a variety of platforms for interactive entertainment. Examples include wireless technologies, streaming gaming services, and Internet platforms. Our efforts in wireless interactive entertainment are focused in downloadable games for mobile devices. These platforms grow the consumer base for our business while also providing competition to existing established video game platforms. We expect sales of games for wireless and other emerging platforms to continue to be an important part of our business.

Growth of Casual and Social Games. The popularity of wireless and other emerging gaming platforms such as smart phones, tablets and social networking sites, such as Facebook, has led to the growth of casual and social gaming. Casual and social games are characterized by their mass appeal, simple controls, flexible monetization including free-to-play and micro-transaction business models, and fun and approachable gameplay. These games appeal to a larger consumer demographic of younger and older players and more female players than video games played on console devices. These areas are among the fastest growing segments of our sector and we have responded to this opportunity by developing casual and social games based on our established intellectual properties such as The Sims, FIFA and Battlefield, and with our acquisition of PopCap Games. We expect sales of casual and social games for wireless and other emerging platforms to continue to be an important part of our business.
Concentration of Sales Among the Most Popular Games. We see a larger portion of packaged goods games sales concentrated on the most popular titles, and those titles are typically sequels of prior games. We have responded to this trend by significantly reducing the number of games that we produce to provide greater focus on our most promising intellectual properties. We published 36 primary packaged goods titles in fiscal year 2011, 22 in fiscal year 2012 and in fiscal year 2013, we expect to release 14 primary packaged goods titles.

Evolving Sales Patterns. Our business has evolved from a traditional packaged goods business model to one where our games are played on a variety of platforms including mobile devices and social networking sites. Our strategy is to transform our core intellectual properties into year-round businesses, with a steady flow of downloadable content and extensions on new platforms. Our increasingly digital, multi-platform business no longer reflects the retail sales patterns associated with traditional packaged goods launches. For example, we offer our consumers additional services and/or additional content available through online services to further enhance the gaming experience and extend the time that consumers play our games

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after their initial purchase. Our social and casual games offer free-to-play and micro-transaction models. We also offer subscription-based products, such as our massively multi-player online (“MMO”) role-playing game Star Wars: The Old Republic. The revenue we derive from these services have become increasingly more significant year-over-year. Our service revenue represented 32 percent and 17 percent of total revenues in the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
    
Recent Developments

Stock Repurchase Program. In February 2011, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $600 million of our common stock over the next 18 months. We completed our program in April 2012. We repurchased approximately 32 million shares in the open market under the program. During the three months ended June 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 4.3 million shares of our common stock for approximately $71 million.

In July 2012, our Board of Directors authorized a new program to repurchase up to $500 million of our common stock. Under the program, we may purchase stock in the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws, including pursuant to pre-arranged stock trading plans. The timing and actual amount of the stock repurchases will depend on several factors including price, capital availability, regulatory requirements, alternative investment opportunities and other market conditions. We are not obligated to repurchase any specific number of shares under the program and the repurchase program may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 8.4 million shares of our common stock for approximately $108 million under this new program. We continue to actively repurchase shares under this program.

During the six months ended September 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 8.4 million shares of our common stock for approximately $179 million.

International Operations and Foreign Currency Exchange Impact. International sales (revenue derived from countries other than Canada and the United States), are a fundamental part of our business. Net revenue from international sales accounted for approximately 54 percent of our total net revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2012 and approximately 53 percent of our total net revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2011. Our net revenue is impacted by foreign exchange rates during the reporting period associated with net revenue before revenue deferral, as well as the foreign exchange rates associated with the recognition of deferred net revenue of online-enabled packaged goods and digital content that were established at the time we recorded this deferred net revenue on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The foreign exchange rates during the reporting period may not always move in the same direction as the foreign exchange rate impact associated with the recognition of deferred net revenue of online-enabled packaged goods and digital content. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, foreign exchange rates had an overall unfavorable impact on our reported net revenue of approximately $66 million, or 9 percent. In addition, our international investments and our cash and cash equivalents denominated in foreign currencies are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. If the U.S. dollar strengthens against these currencies, then foreign exchange rates may have an unfavorable impact on our results of operations and our financial condition.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP"). The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, contingent assets and liabilities, and revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. The policies discussed below are considered by management to be critical because they are not only important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations, but also because application and interpretation of these policies requires both management judgment and estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain and unknown. As a result, actual results may differ materially from our estimates.
Revenue Recognition, Sales Returns, Allowances and Bad Debt Reserves
We derive revenue principally from sales of interactive software games (1) on video game consoles (such as the PLAYSTATION 3, Xbox 360 and Wii) and PCs, (2) on mobile devices (such the Apple iPhone and Google compatible Android phones), (3) on tablets and electronic readers such as the Apple iPad and Amazon Kindle, and (4) from software and content and online game services associated with these products. We evaluate revenue recognition based on the criteria set forth in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 985-605, Software: Revenue Recognition, and Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 101, Revenue Recognition, as revised by SAB No. 104, Revenue Recognition. We classify our revenue as either Product revenue or Service and other revenue.


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We evaluate and recognize revenue when all four of the following criteria are met:

Evidence of an arrangement. Evidence of an agreement with the customer that reflects the terms and conditions to deliver products must be present.

Delivery. Delivery is considered to occur when a product is shipped and the risk of loss and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the customer. For services, delivery is considered to occur as the service is provided.

Fixed or determinable fee. If a portion of the arrangement fee is not fixed or determinable, we recognize revenue as the amount becomes fixed or determinable.

Collection is deemed probable. We conduct a credit review of each customer involved in a significant transaction to determine the creditworthiness of the customer. Collection is deemed probable if we expect the customer to be able to pay amounts under the arrangement as those amounts become due. If we determine that collection is not probable, we recognize revenue when collection becomes probable (generally upon cash collection).

Determining whether and when some of these criteria have been satisfied often involves assumptions and management judgments that can have a significant impact on the timing and amount of revenue we report in each period. Changes to any of these assumptions and judgments, could cause a material increase or decrease in the amount of revenue that we report in a particular period.
Multiple-element arrangements
We enter into multiple-element revenue arrangements in which we may provide a combination of game software, updates or additional content and online game services. For some software products we may provide updates or additional content (“digital content”) to be delivered via the Internet that can be used with the original software product. In many cases we separately sell this digital content for an additional fee. In other transactions, we may have an obligation to provide incremental unspecified digital content in the future without an additional fee (i.e., updates on a when-and-if-available basis) or we may offer an online “matchmaking” service that permits consumers to play against each other via the Internet. Collectively, we refer to these as software-related offerings. In those situations where we do not require an additional fee for the software-related offerings, we account for the sale of the software product and software-related offerings as a “bundled” sale, or multiple element arrangement, in which we sell both the software product and relating offerings for one combined price. Generally, we do not have vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) for the software-related offerings and thus, we defer net revenue from sales of these games and recognize the revenue from the bundled sales games over the period the offering will be provided (the “offering period”). If the period is not defined, we recognize revenue over the estimated offering period, which is generally estimated to be six months, beginning in the month after delivery. In addition, determining whether we have an implicit obligation to provide incremental unspecified future digital content without an additional fee can be difficult. Determining the estimated offering period is inherently subjective and is subject to regular revision based on historical online usage.

Determining whether an element of a transaction constitutes an online game service or a digital content download of a product requires judgment and can be difficult. The accounting for these transactions is significantly different. Revenue from product downloads is generally recognized when the download is made available (assuming all other recognition criteria are met). Revenue from an online game service is recognized as the service is rendered. If the period is not defined, we recognize the revenue over the estimated service period. For example, our MMO games have an estimated service period of eighteen months, beginning in the month after delivery.

For our software and software-related multiple element arrangements (i.e., software game bundled with software-related offerings), we must make assumptions and judgments in order to (1) determine whether and when each element is delivered, (2) determine whether the undelivered elements are essential to the functionality of the delivered elements, (3) determine whether VSOE exists for each undelivered element, and (4) allocate the total price among the various elements. Changes to any of these assumptions and judgments, or changes to the elements in the arrangement, could cause a material increase or decrease in the amount of revenue that we report in a particular period.

In some of our multiple element arrangements, we sell tangible products with software and/or software-related offerings. These tangible products are generally either peripherals or ancillary collectors' items. Revenue for these arrangements is allocated to each separate unit of accounting for each deliverable using the relative selling prices of each deliverable in the arrangement based on the selling price hierarchy described below. If the arrangement contains more than one software deliverable, the arrangement consideration is allocated to the software deliverables as a group and then allocated to each software deliverable in accordance with ASC 985-605.

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We determine the selling price for a tangible product deliverable based on the following selling price hierarchy: VSOE (i.e., the price we charge when the tangible product is sold separately) if available, third-party evidence (“TPE”) of fair value (i.e., the price charged by others for similar tangible products) if VSOE is not available, or our best estimate of selling price (“BESP”) if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. Determining the BESP is a subjective process that is based on multiple factors including, but not limited to, recent selling prices and related discounts, market conditions, customer classes, sales channels and other factors.

We reduce revenue for estimated future returns, price protection, and other offerings, which may occur with our customers and channel partners. Price protection represents the right to receive a credit allowance in the event we lower our wholesale price on a particular product. The amount of the price protection is generally the difference between the old price and the new price. In certain countries, we have stock-balancing programs for our PC and video game system software products, which allow for the exchange of these software products by resellers under certain circumstances. It is our general practice to exchange software products or give credits rather than to give cash refunds.

In certain countries, from time to time, we decide to provide price protection for our software products. When evaluating the adequacy of sales returns and price protection allowances, we analyze historical returns, current sell-through of distributor and retailer inventory of our software products, current trends in retail and the video game industry, changes in customer demand and acceptance of our software products, and other related factors. In addition, we monitor the volume of sales to our channel partners and their inventories, as substantial overstocking in the distribution channel could result in high returns or higher price protection costs in subsequent periods.

In the future, actual returns and price protections may materially exceed our estimates as unsold software products in the distribution channels are exposed to rapid changes in consumer preferences, market conditions or technological obsolescence due to new platforms, product updates or competing software products. While we believe we can make reliable estimates regarding these matters, these estimates are inherently subjective. Accordingly, if our estimates change, our returns and price protection reserves would change, which would impact the total net revenue we report. For example, if actual returns and/or price protection were significantly greater than the reserves we have established, our actual results would decrease our reported total net revenue. Conversely, if actual returns and/or price protection were significantly less than our reserves, this would increase our reported total net revenue. In addition, if our estimates of returns and price protection related to online-enabled packaged goods software products change, the amount of deferred net revenue we recognize in the future would change.

Significant management judgment is required to estimate our allowance for doubtful accounts in any accounting period. We determine our allowance for doubtful accounts by evaluating customer creditworthiness in the context of current economic trends and historical experience. Depending upon the overall economic climate and the financial condition of our customers, the amount and timing of our bad debt expense and cash collection could change significantly.
Fair Value Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP often requires us to determine the fair value of a particular item in order to fairly present our financial statements. Without an independent market or another representative transaction, determining the fair value of a particular item requires us to make several assumptions that are inherently difficult to predict and can have a material impact on the accounting.

There are various valuation techniques used to estimate fair value. These include (1) the market approach where market transactions for identical or comparable assets or liabilities are used to determine the fair value, (2) the income approach, which uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts (for example, future cash flows or future earnings) to a single present value amount, and (3) the cost approach, which is based on the amount that would be required to replace an asset. For many of our fair value estimates, including our estimates of the fair value of acquired intangible assets, we use the income approach. Using the income approach requires the use of financial models, which require us to make various estimates including, but not limited to (1) the potential future cash flows for the asset or liability being measured, (2) the timing of receipt or payment of those future cash flows, (3) the time value of money associated with the expected receipt or payment of such cash flows, and (4) the inherent risk associated with the cash flows (risk premium). Making these cash flow estimates are inherently difficult and subjective, and if any of the estimates used to determine the fair value using the income approach turns out to be inaccurate, our financial results may be negatively impacted. Furthermore, relatively small changes in many of these estimates can have a significant impact to the estimated fair value resulting from the financial models or the related accounting conclusion reached. For example, a relatively small change in the estimated fair value of an asset may change a conclusion as to whether an asset is impaired.


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While we are required to make certain fair value assessments associated with the accounting for several types of transactions, the following areas are the most sensitive to these assessments:
Business Combinations. We must estimate the fair value of assets acquired, liabilities and contingencies assumed, acquired in-process technology, and contingent consideration issued in a business combination. Our assessment of the estimated fair value of each of these can have a material effect on our reported results as intangible assets are amortized over various estimated useful lives. Furthermore, a change in the estimated fair value of an asset or liability often has a direct impact on the amount we recognize as goodwill, an asset that is not amortized. Determining the fair value of assets acquired requires an assessment of the highest and best use or the expected price to sell the asset and the related expected future cash flows. Determining the fair value of acquired in-process technology also requires an assessment of our expectations related to the use of that asset. Determining the fair value of an assumed liability requires an assessment of the expected cost to transfer the liability. Determining the fair value of contingent consideration issued requires an assessment of the expected future cash flows over the period in which the obligation is expected to be settled, and applying a discount rate that appropriately captures a market participant’s view of the risk associated with the obligation. This fair value assessment is also required in periods subsequent to a business combination. Such estimates are inherently difficult and subjective and can have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Assessment of Impairment of Goodwill, Intangibles, and Other Long-Lived Assets. Current accounting standards require that we assess the recoverability of our finite lived acquisition-related intangible assets and other long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the remaining value of the assets recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets is potentially impaired. In order to determine if a potential impairment has occurred, management must make various assumptions about the estimated fair value of the asset by evaluating future business prospects and estimated future cash flows. For some assets, our estimated fair value is dependent upon predicting which of our products will be successful. This success is dependent upon several factors, which are beyond our control, such as which operating platforms will be successful in the marketplace. Also, our revenue and earnings are dependent on our ability to meet our product release schedules.
In assessing impairment on our goodwill, we first analyze qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. If we conclude it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, we do not need to perform the two-step impairment test. If based on that assessment, we believe it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting units is less than its carrying value, a two-step goodwill impairment test will be performed. The first step measures for impairment by applying fair value-based tests at the reporting unit level. The second step (if necessary) measures the amount of impairment by applying fair value-based tests to the individual assets and liabilities within each reporting unit. Our reporting units are determined by the components of our operating segments that constitute a business for which (1) discrete financial information is available and (2) segment management regularly reviews the operating results of that component.
To determine the fair value of each reporting unit used in the first step, we use the market approach, which utilizes comparable companies’ data, the income approach, which utilizes discounted cash flows, or a combination thereof. Determining whether an event or change in circumstances does or does not indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying amount is inherently subjective. Each step requires us to make judgments and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include long-term growth rates, tax rates, and operating margins used to calculate projected future cash flows, risk-adjusted discount rates based on a weighted average cost of capital, future economic and market conditions and determination of appropriate market comparables. These estimates and assumptions have to be made for each reporting unit evaluated for impairment. As of our last annual assessment of goodwill in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012, we concluded that the estimated fair values of each of our reporting units significantly exceeded their carrying amounts and we have not identified any indicators of impairment since that assessment. Our estimates for market growth, our market share and costs are based on historical data, various internal estimates and certain external sources, and are based on assumptions that are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying business. Our business consists of developing, marketing and distributing video game software using both established and emerging intellectual properties and our forecasts for emerging intellectual properties are based upon internal estimates and external sources rather than historical information and have an inherently higher risk of inaccuracy. If future forecasts are revised, they may indicate or require future impairment charges. We base our fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable, but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates.
Assessment of Impairment of Short-Term Investments and Marketable Equity Securities. We periodically review our short-term investments and marketable equity securities for impairment. Our short-term investments consist of securities with remaining maturities greater than three months at the time of purchase and our marketable equity securities consist of investments in common stock of publicly traded companies, both are accounted for as available-for-sale securities. Unrealized gains and losses on our short-term investments and marketable equity securities are recorded as a component of accumulated other

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comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity, net of tax, until either (1) the security is sold, (2) the security has matured, or (3) we determine that the fair value of the security has declined below its adjusted cost basis and the decline is other-than-temporary. Realized gains and losses on our short-term investments and marketable equity securities are calculated based on the specific identification method and are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest and other expense, net, and gains (losses) on strategic investments, net, respectively. Determining whether the decline in fair value is other-than-temporary requires management judgment based on the specific facts and circumstances of each security. The ultimate value realized on these securities is subject to market price volatility until they are sold. We consider various factors in determining whether we should recognize an impairment charge, including the credit quality of the issuer, the duration that the fair value has been less than the adjusted cost basis, severity of the impairment, reason for the decline in value and potential recovery period, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the investees, and our intent to sell and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value, any contractual terms impacting the prepayment or settlement process, as well as, if we would be required to sell an investment due to liquidity or contractual reasons before its anticipated recovery. Our ongoing consideration of these factors could result in impairment charges in the future, which could have a material impact on our financial results.

Assessment of Inventory Obsolescence. We regularly review inventory quantities on-hand. We write down inventory based on excess or obsolete inventories determined primarily by future anticipated demand for our products. Inventory write-downs are measured as the difference between the cost of the inventory and market value, based upon assumptions about future demand that are inherently difficult to assess. At the point of a loss recognition, a new, lower cost basis for that inventory is established, and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost basis.
Royalties and Licenses
Our royalty expenses consist of payments to (1) content licensors, (2) independent software developers, and (3) co-publishing and distribution affiliates. License royalties consist of payments made to celebrities, professional sports organizations, movie studios and other organizations for our use of their trademarks, copyrights, personal publicity rights, content and/or other intellectual property. Royalty payments to independent software developers are payments for the development of intellectual property related to our games. Co-publishing and distribution royalties are payments made to third parties for the delivery of products.

Royalty-based obligations with content licensors and distribution affiliates are either paid in advance and capitalized as prepaid royalties or are accrued as incurred and subsequently paid. These royalty-based obligations are generally expensed to cost of revenue generally at the greater of the contractual rate or an effective royalty rate based on the total projected net revenue for contracts with guaranteed minimums. Significant judgment is required to estimate the effective royalty rate for a particular contract. Because the computation of effective royalty rates requires us to project future revenue, it is inherently subjective as our future revenue projections must anticipate a number of factors, including (1) the total number of titles subject to the contract, (2) the timing of the release of these titles, (3) the number of software units we expect to sell, which can be impacted by a number of variables, including product quality, the timing of the title’s release and competition, and (4) future pricing. Determining the effective royalty rate for our titles is particularly challenging due to the inherent difficulty in predicting the popularity of entertainment products. Accordingly, if our future revenue projections change, our effective royalty rates would change, which could impact the amount and timing of royalty expense we recognize.

Prepayments made to thinly capitalized independent software developers and co-publishing affiliates are generally made in connection with the development of a particular product, and therefore, we are generally subject to development risk prior to the release of the product. Accordingly, payments that are due prior to completion of a product are generally expensed to research and development over the development period as the services are incurred. Payments due after completion of the product (primarily royalty-based in nature) are generally expensed as cost of revenue.

Our contracts with some licensors include minimum guaranteed royalty payments, which are initially recorded as an asset and as a liability at the contractual amount when no performance remains with the licensor. When performance remains with the licensor, we record guarantee payments as an asset when actually paid and as a liability when incurred, rather than recording the asset and liability upon execution of the contract. Royalty liabilities are classified as current liabilities to the extent such royalty payments are contractually due within the next 12 months.

Each quarter, we also evaluate the expected future realization of our royalty-based assets, as well as any unrecognized minimum commitments not yet paid to determine amounts we deem unlikely to be realized through product sales. Any impairments or losses determined before the launch of a product are charged to research and development expense.

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Impairments or losses determined post-launch are charged to cost of revenue. We evaluate long-lived royalty-based assets for impairment generally using undiscounted cash flows when impairment indicators exist. Unrecognized minimum royalty-based commitments are accounted for as executory contracts, and therefore, any losses on these commitments are recognized when the underlying intellectual property is abandoned (i.e., cease use) or the contractual rights to use the intellectual property are terminated.
Income Taxes
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statement amount and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax losses and tax credit carry forwards. We record a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets when it is considered more likely than not that all or a portion of our deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making this determination, we are required to give significant weight to evidence that can be objectively verified. It is generally difficult to conclude that a valuation allowance is not needed when there is significant negative evidence, such as cumulative losses in recent years. Forecasts of future taxable income are considered to be less objective than past results, particularly in light of the economic environment. Therefore, cumulative losses weigh heavily in the overall assessment.
In addition to considering forecasts of future taxable income, we are also required to evaluate and quantify other possible sources of taxable income in order to assess the realization of our deferred tax assets, namely the reversal of existing deferred tax liabilities, the carry back of losses and credits as allowed under current tax law, and the implementation of tax planning strategies. Evaluating and quantifying these amounts involves significant judgments. Each source of income must be evaluated based on all positive and negative evidence; this evaluation involves assumptions about future activity. Certain taxable temporary differences that are not expected to reverse during the carry forward periods permitted by tax law cannot be considered as a source of future taxable income that may be available to realize the benefit of deferred tax assets.
Based on the assumptions and requirements noted above, we have recorded a valuation allowance against most of our U.S. deferred tax assets. In addition, we expect to provide a valuation allowance on future U.S. tax benefits until we can sustain a level of profitability or until other significant positive evidence arises that suggest that these benefits are more likely than not to be realized.
In the ordinary course of our business, there are many transactions and calculations where the tax law and ultimate tax determination is uncertain. As part of the process of preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate prior to the completion and filing of tax returns for such periods. This process requires estimating both our geographic mix of income and our uncertain tax positions in each jurisdiction where we operate. These estimates involve complex issues and require us to make judgments about the likely application of the tax law to our situation, as well as with respect to other matters, such as anticipating the positions that we will take on tax returns prior to our actually preparing the returns and the outcomes of disputes with tax authorities. The ultimate resolution of these issues may take extended periods of time due to examinations by tax authorities and statutes of limitations. In addition, changes in our business, including acquisitions, changes in our international corporate structure, changes in the geographic location of business functions or assets, changes in the geographic mix and amount of income, as well as changes in our agreements with tax authorities, valuation allowances, applicable accounting rules, applicable tax laws and regulations, rulings and interpretations thereof, developments in tax audit and other matters, and variations in the estimated and actual level of annual pre-tax income can affect the overall effective income tax rate.
We historically have considered undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States, and accordingly, no U.S. taxes have been provided thereon. We currently intend to continue to indefinitely reinvest the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries outside of the United States.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our fiscal year is reported on a 52- or 53-week period that ends on the Saturday nearest March 31. Our results of operations for the fiscal years ending or ended, as the case may be, March 31, 2013 and 2012 contain 52 weeks each and ends or ended, as the case may be, on March 30, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively. Our results of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 contained 13 and 26 weeks each, respectively, and ended on September 29, 2012 and October 1, 2011, respectively. For simplicity of disclosure, all fiscal periods are referred to as ending on a calendar month end.

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Table of Contents

Net Revenue
Net revenue consists of sales generated from (1) video games sold as packaged goods or as digital downloads and designed for play on video game consoles (such as the PLAYSTATION 3, Xbox 360 and Wii) and PCs, (2) video games for mobile devices (such as the Apple iPhone and Google Android compatible phones), (3) video games for tablets and electronic readers (such as the Apple iPad and Amazon Kindle), (4) software products and content and online game services associated with these products, (5) programming third-party websites with our game content, (6) allowing other companies to manufacture and sell our products in conjunction with other products, and (7) advertisements on our online web pages and in our games.

We provide three different measures of our Net Revenue. Two of these measures are presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP - (1) Net Revenue by Product revenue and Service and other revenue and (2) Net Revenue by Geography. The third measure is a non-GAAP financial measure - Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral by Revenue Composition, which is primarily based on method of distribution. We use this third non-GAAP financial measure internally to evaluate our operating performance, when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods, and when assessing the performance of our management team.

Management places a greater emphasis and focus on assessing our business through a review of the Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral by Revenue Composition than by Net Revenue by Product revenue and Service and other revenue. These two measures differ as (1) Net Revenue by Product revenue and Service and other revenue reflects the deferral and recognition of revenue in periods subsequent to the date of sale due to U.S. GAAP while Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral by Revenue Composition does not, and (2) both measures contain a different aggregation of sales from one another. For instance, Service and other revenue does not include the majority of our full-game digital download and mobile sales that are fully included in our Digital revenue. Further, Service and other revenue includes all of our revenue associated with MMO games while software sales associated with our MMOs are included in either Digital revenue or Publishing and other revenue depending on whether the sale was a full-game digital download or a packaged goods sale.

Net Revenue Quarterly Analysis

Net Revenue

For the three months ended September 30, 2012, Net Revenue was $711 million and decreased $4 million, or 1 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This decrease was driven by a $312 million decrease in revenue primarily from the Crysis, Dragon Age, Need For Speed, and Fight Night franchises. This decrease was partially offset by a $308 million increase in revenue primarily from the Mass Effect and FIFA Street franchises, as well as Star Wars: The Old Republic.

Net Revenue by Product Revenue and Service and Other Revenue

Our total net revenue by product revenue and service and other revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was as follows (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Net revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
$
481

 
$
592

 
$
(111
)
 
(19
)%
Service and other
230

 
123

 
107

 
87
 %
Total net revenue
$
711

 
$
715

 
$
(4
)
 
(1
)%

Product Revenue

Our product revenue includes revenue associated with the sale of game software, whether delivered via a physical disc (i.e., packaged goods) or via the Internet (i.e., full-game downloads, micro-transactions), that do not require our continuous hosting support, and licensing of game software and subscription sales to third-parties. This excludes game software from our MMO games (both game and subscription sales), which is included in service and other revenue as such game software requires continuous hosting support. Product revenue also includes mobile games that do not have an online service component and sales of tangible products such as hardware, peripherals, or collectors' items.


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For the three months ended September 30, 2012, product revenue was $481 million, primarily driven by Mass Effect 3, FIFA 2012, and FIFA Street 4. Product revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 decreased $111 million, or 19 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This decrease was driven by a $317 million decrease primarily from the Crysis, Dragon Age, Need for Speed, and Fight Night franchises. This decrease was partially offset by a $206 million increase primarily from the Mass Effect, FIFA Street, and SSX franchises.
Service and Other Revenue
Our service revenue includes revenue recognized from games or related content that requires our hosting support to provide substantial gaming experience, and time-based subscriptions. This includes (1) subscriptions for our Pogo-branded online game services, (2) MMO games (both game and subscription sales), (3) entitlements to content that are delivered through hosting services (e.g., micro-transactions for Internet-based, social network and mobile games which includes “freemium” games), and (4) allocated service revenue from sales of online-enabled packaged goods with an online service component (i.e., “matchmaking” services). Our other revenue includes non-software licensing and advertising revenue.

For the three months ended September 30, 2012, service and other revenue was $230 million, primarily driven by Star Wars: The Old Republic, FIFA Ultimate Team, and FIFA World Class Soccer. Service and other revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 increased $107 million, or 87 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was driven by a $125 million increase primarily from services associated with Star Wars: The Old Republic (which launched in the third quarter of fiscal 2012), and the FIFA and The Sims franchises. This increase was partially offset by an $18 million decrease primarily in service revenue generated by our mobile publishing titles, Pogo-branded online game services, and the NHL and Warhammer franchises.

Net Revenue by Geography
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)
2012
 
2011
 
$ Change
 
% Change
North America
$
329

 
$
337

 
$
(8
)
 
(2
)%
Europe
332

 
328

 
4

 
1
 %
Asia
50

 
50

 

 
 %
Total net revenue
$
711

 
$
715

 
$
(4
)
 
(1
)%

Net revenue in North America was $329 million, or 46 percent of total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $337 million, or 47 percent of total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2011, a decrease of $8 million, or 2 percent. Net revenue in North America decreased primarily due to decreased revenue in our Dragon Age, Crysis, and Fight Night franchises, as well as Bulletstorm, partially offset by increased revenue in our Mass Effect and SSX franchises, as well as Star War: The Old Republic during the three months ended September 30, 2012. Net revenue in Europe was $332 million, or 47 percent of total net revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $328 million, or 46 percent of total net revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2011, an increase of $4 million, or 1 percent. We estimate that foreign exchange rates (primarily due to the Euro and Swiss Franc) decreased reported Net revenue in Europe by approximately $64 million, or 20 percent, for the three months ended September 30, 2012. Excluding the effect of foreign exchange rates from Net revenue in Europe, we estimate that Net revenue in Europe increased by approximately $68 million, or 21 percent, for the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the three months ended September 2011. Net revenue in Europe increased primarily due to our Mass Effect, FIFA Street, and Battlefield franchises partially offset by decreased revenue in our Crysis, Dragon Age, Need for Speed franchises, as well as our mobile publishing titles during the three months ended September 30, 2012. Net revenue in Asia was $50 million, or 7 percent of total net revenue for both the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011.
Supplemental Net Revenue by Revenue Composition
As we continue to evolve our business and more of our products are delivered to consumers digitally via the Internet, we place a greater emphasis and focus on assessing our business through a review of net revenue by revenue composition.

Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral, a non-GAAP financial measure, is provided in this section of MD&A, including a discussion of the components of this measure: (1) publishing and other, (2) wireless, Internet-derived, and advertising (digital), and (3) distribution. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for an explanation of our use of this non-GAAP financial measure. A reconciliation to the corresponding measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP is provided in the discussion below.

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“Revenue Deferral” in this “Net Revenue” section includes the unrecognized revenue from (1) bundled sales of software and software-related offerings for which we do not have VSOE for the software-related offerings, (2) certain sales of MMO games, and (3) entitlements to content that are delivered through hosting services, which are types of “micro-transactions.” Fluctuations in the Revenue Deferral are largely dependent upon the amounts of products that we sell with the online features and services previously discussed, while the Recognition of Revenue Deferral for a period is also dependent upon (1) the amount deferred, (2) the period of time the software-related offerings are to be provided, and (3) the timing of the sale. For example, most Revenue Deferrals incurred in the first half of a fiscal year are recognized within the same fiscal year; however, substantially all of the Revenue Deferrals incurred in the last month of a fiscal year will be recognized in the subsequent fiscal year.

Our total net revenue by revenue composition for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was as follows (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Publishing and other
$
744

 
$
787

 
$
(43
)
 
(5
)%
Wireless, Internet-derived, and advertising (digital)
314

 
216

 
98

 
45
 %
Distribution
22

 
31

 
(9
)
 
(29
)%
Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral
1,080

 
1,034

 
46

 
4
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue Deferral
(880
)
 
(800
)
 
(80
)
 
10
 %
Recognition of Revenue Deferral
511

 
481

 
30

 
6
 %
Total net revenue
$
711

 
$
715

 
$
(4
)
 
(1
)%

Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral

Publishing and Other Revenue

Publishing and other revenue includes (1) sales of our internally-developed and co-published game software distributed physically through traditional channels such as brick and mortar retailers, (2) our non-software licensing revenue, and (3) our software licensing revenue from third parties (for example, makers of personal computers or computer accessories) who include certain of our products for sale with their products (“OEM bundles”).

For the three months ended September 30, 2012, publishing and other Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral was $744 million, primarily driven by FIFA 13, Madden NFL 13, and NCAA Football 13. Publishing and other Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral for the three months ended September 30, 2012 decreased $43 million, or 5 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This decrease was primarily driven by (1) a $29 million decrease in catalog sales (i.e., sales of games in the periods subsequent to the quarter in which the title was launched), which reflects both the declining console packaged goods market, and fewer title releases year over year, and (2) a $16 million decrease in frontline sales (i.e., sales of games during the period in which the title was launched) due to fewer title releases in the current quarter as compared to the same quarter in the prior year.

Wireless, Internet-derived, and Advertising (Digital) Revenue

Digital revenue includes revenue from sales of our internally-developed and co-published game software distributed through direct download through the Internet, including through our direct-to-consumer platform Origin, or distributed wirelessly through mobile carriers. This includes our full-game downloads, mobile and tablet revenue (each of which are generally classified as product revenue with the exception of our MMO game downloads and freemium mobile games which are classified as service revenue) as well as subscription services, micro-transactions, and advertising revenues (each of which is generally classified as service and other revenue).

For the three months ended September 30, 2012, digital Net Revenue before Deferral was $314 million, an increase of $98 million, or 45 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase is due to (1) a $33 million or 60 percent increase in mobile sales primarily driven by FIFA World Class Soccer, (2) a $29 million or 34 percent increase in extra content and free-to-play sales primarily driven by Battlefield 3, SimCity Social and Mass Effect 3, (3) a $24 million or 48

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percent increase in subscription, advertising, and other digital sales primarily driven by Star Wars: The Old Republic, and (4) a $12 million or 46 percent increase in full-game download sales primarily driven by the Crysis and Madden franchises. Digital Net Revenue before Deferral for the three months ended September 30, 2012 excludes $43 million of Battlefield 3 Premium subscriptions which have been deferred and are expected to be recognized in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2013.

Distribution Revenue

Distribution revenue includes (1) sales of game software developed by independent game developers that we distribute and (2) sales through our Switzerland distribution business. For the three months ended September 30, 2012, distribution net revenue was $22 million and decreased $9 million, or 29 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This decrease was primarily driven by an $8 million decrease from sales through our Switzerland distribution business.

Revenue Deferral

Revenue Deferral for the three months ended September 30, 2012 increased $80 million, or 10 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was primarily due (1) to a $55 million increase in Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral related to our publishing and digital sales and (2) a higher percentage of both our publishing and digital sales being deferred and recognized over time, due in part to a 48 percent increase in subscription and advertising revenue and a 34 percent increase in micro-transaction sales, which all contain an online service component which requires revenue recognition over the period of time that the service is delivered.

Recognition of Revenue Deferral

Our non-distribution sales are generally deferred and recognized over a weighted-average six month period, and therefore, the related revenue recognized during the fiscal quarter ended September 30 is primarily due to sales that occurred during the respective three month period ended June 30. The Recognition of Revenue Deferral for the three months ended September 30, 2012 increased $30 million, or 6 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was primarily due to increased digital sales during the three months ended June 30, 2012, and a higher percentage of those sales being comprised of games sales that have an online service component, as compared to the same period in fiscal year 2012.

Our product and service and other revenue by revenue composition for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was as follows (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
Product revenue:
 
 
 
Publishing and other
$
342

 
$
435

Wireless, Internet-derived, and advertising (digital)
117

 
126

Distribution
22

 
31

Total product revenue
481

 
592

 
 
 
 
Service and other revenue:
 
 
 
Publishing and other
23

 
15

Wireless, Internet-derived, and advertising (digital)
207

 
108

Total service and other revenue
230

 
123

Total net revenue
$
711

 
$
715


Net Revenue Year-to-Date Analysis
Net Revenue
For the six months ended September 30, 2012, net revenue was $1,666 million and decreased $48 million, or 3 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. This decrease was driven by a $809 million decrease in revenue primarily from the Crysis, Dragon Age, Portal, and Need for Speed franchises. This decrease was partially offset by a $761 million increase in revenue primarily from the Mass Effect and Battlefield franchises, as well as Star Wars: The Old Republic.

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Table of Contents

Net Revenue by Product Revenue and Service and Other Revenue

Our total net revenue by product revenue and service and other revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was as follows (in millions):
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Net revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
$
1,183

 
$
1,486

 
$
(303
)
 
(20
)%
Service and other
483

 
228

 
255

 
112
 %
Total net revenue
$
1,666

 
$
1,714

 
$
(48
)
 
(3
)%

Product Revenue

For the six months ended September 30, 2012, product revenue was $1,183 million, primarily driven by Battlefield 3, Mass Effect 3, and FIFA 2012. Product revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2012 decreased $303 million, or 20 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. This decrease was driven by a $833 million decrease primarily from the Crysis, Dragon Age, Portal, Need for Speed, and Dead Space franchises. This decrease was partially offset by a $530 million increase primarily from the Mass Effect, Battlefield, and FIFA Street franchises.

Service and Other Revenue

For the six months ended September 30, 2012, service and other revenue was $483 million, primarily driven by Star Wars: The Old Republic, FIFA Ultimate Team, and FIFA World Class Soccer. Service and other revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2012 increased $255 million, or 112 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was driven by a $279 million increase primarily from services associated with Star Wars: The Old Republic, and the FIFA and The Sims franchises. This increase was partially offset by an $24 million decrease primarily in service revenue generated by our mobile publishing titles, Pogo-branded online game services, and Warhammer franchises.

Net Revenue by Geography
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)
2012
 
2011
 
$ Change
 
% Change
North America
$
779

 
$
838

 
$
(59
)
 
(7
)%
Europe
767

 
766

 
1

 
 %
Asia
120

 
110

 
10

 
9
 %
Total net revenue
$
1,666

 
$
1,714

 
$
(48
)
 
(3
)%

Net revenue in North America was $779 million, or 47 percent of total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $838 million, or 49 percent of total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2011, a decrease of $59 million, or 7 percent. This decrease was driven by a $411 million decrease primarily from the Portal, Dragon Age, Crysis, Need for Speed, and Dead Space franchises. This decrease was offset by a $352 million increase primarily from the Mass Effect and Battlefield franchises, as well as Star Wars: The Old Republic. Net revenue in Europe was $767 million, or 46 percent of total net revenue during the six months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $766 million, or 45 percent of total net revenue during the six months ended September 30, 2011, an increase of $1 million, or less than 1 percent. We estimate that foreign exchange rates (primarily due to the Euro) decreased reported net revenue in Europe by approximately $39 million, or 5 percent, for the three months ended September 30, 2012. Excluding the effect of foreign exchange rates from Net revenue in Europe, we estimate that Net revenue in Europe increased by approximately $40 million, or 5 percent, for the six months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the six months ended September 2011. Net revenue in Europe increased primarily due to our Battlefield, Mass Effect, and FIFA Street franchises partially offset by decreased revenue in our Crysis, Need for Speed, Dragon Age, Portal, and Dead Space franchises during the six months ended September 30, 2012. Net revenue in Asia was $120 million, or 7 percent of total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $110 million, or 6 percent of total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2011, an increase of $10 million, or 9 percent. Net revenue in Asia increased primarily due to increased sales in our FIFA, Battlefield, and Mass Effect franchises partially offset by the absence of a primary distribution title release during the six months ended September 30, 2012.


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Table of Contents

Supplemental Net Revenue by Revenue Composition

Our total net revenue by revenue composition for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was as follows (in millions):
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Publishing and other
$
890

 
$
982

 
$
(92
)
 
(9
)%
Wireless, Internet-derived, and advertising (digital)
638

 
425

 
213

 
50
 %
Distribution
43

 
151

 
(108
)
 
(72
)%
Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral
1,571

 
1,558

 
13

 
1
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue Deferral
(1,195
)
 
(1,050
)
 
(145
)
 
14
 %
Recognition of Revenue Deferral
1,290

 
1,206

 
84

 
7
 %
Total net revenue
$
1,666

 
$
1,714

 
$
(48
)
 
(3
)%

Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral

Publishing and Other Revenue

For the six months ended September 30, 2012, publishing and other Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral was $890 million, primarily driven by FIFA 13, Madden NFL 13, and NCAA Football 13. Publishing and other Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral for the six months ended September 30, 2012 decreased $92 million, or 9 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. This decrease was primarily driven by (1) a $38 million decrease in catalog sales, which reflects both the declining console packaged goods market, and fewer title releases year over year, and (2) a $64 million decrease in frontline sales due to fewer title releases in the current quarter as compared to the same quarter in the prior year.

Wireless, Internet-derived, and Advertising (Digital) Revenue

For the six months ended September 30, 2012, digital Net Revenue before Deferral was $638 million, an increase of $213 million, or 50 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. This increase is due to (1) a $90 million or 58 percent increase in extra content and free-to-play sales primarily driven by the Battlefield, Mass Effect and Bejeweled franchises, (2) a $57 million or 58 percent increase in subscription, advertising, and other digital sales primarily driven by Star Wars: The Old Republic, (3) a $53 million or 46 percent increase in mobile sales primarily driven by FIFA World Class Soccer, and (4) a $13 million or 22 percent increase in full-game download sales primarily driven by the Madden and FIFA franchises, as well as Star Wars: The Old Republic. Digital Net Revenue before Deferral for the six months ended September 30, 2012 excludes $80 million of Battlefield 3 Premium subscriptions which have been deferred and are expected to be recognized in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2013.

Distribution Revenue

For the six months ended September 30, 2012, distribution net revenue was $43 million and decreased $108 million, or 72 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011, primarily due to a decrease in sales in the Portal franchise and our Switzerland distribution business.

Revenue Deferral

Revenue Deferral for the six months ended September 30, 2012 increased $145 million, or 14 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was primarily due (1) to a $121 million increase in Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral related to our publishing and digital sales and (2) a higher percentage of both our publishing and digital sales being deferred and recognized over time, due in part to a 58 percent increase in both micro-transaction sales and subscription and advertising revenue, which all contain an online service component which requires revenue recognition over the period of time that the service is delivered.


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Table of Contents

Recognition of Revenue Deferral

Our non-distribution sales are generally deferred and recognized over a weighted average six month period, and therefore, the related revenue recognized during the six months ended September 30 is primarily due to the sales that occurred during the respective six month period ended June 30. The Recognition of Revenue Deferral for the six months ended September 30, 2012 increased $84 million, or 7 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was primarily due to increased digital sales during the six months ended June 30, 2012, and a higher percentage of those sales being comprised of games sales that have an online service component, as compared to the same period in fiscal year 2012.

Our product and service and other revenue by revenue composition for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was as follows (in millions):
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
2012
 
2011
Product revenue:
 
 
 
Publishing and other
$
907

 
$
1,067

Wireless, Internet-derived, and advertising (digital)
233

 
268

Distribution
43

 
151

Total product revenue
1,183

 
1,486

 
 
 
 
Service and other revenue:
 
 
 
Publishing and other
50

 
30

Wireless, Internet-derived, and advertising (digital)
433

 
198

Total service and other revenue
483

 
228

Total net revenue
$
1,666

 
$
1,714


Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral is a non-GAAP financial measure that excludes the impact of Revenue Deferral and the Recognition of Revenue Deferral on Net Revenue related to sales of games and digital content.

We believe that excluding the impact of Revenue Deferral and the Recognition of Revenue Deferral related to games and digital content from our operating results is important to facilitate comparisons between periods in understanding our underlying sales performance for the period, and understanding our operations because all related costs of revenues are expensed as incurred instead of deferred and recognized ratably. We use this non-GAAP financial measure internally to evaluate our operating performance, when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods, and when assessing the performance of our management team. While we believe that this non-GAAP financial measure is useful in evaluating our business, this information should be considered as supplemental in nature and is not meant to be considered in isolation from or as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, this non-GAAP financial measure may not be the same as non-GAAP financial measures presented by other companies.

Cost of Revenue
    
Total cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was as follows (in millions):
 
September 30, 2012
 
% of
Related
 Net Revenue
 
September 30, 2011
 
% of
Related
 Net Revenue
 
% Change
 
Change as a
% of Related
Net Revenue
Cost of revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
$
371

 
77.1
%
 
$
399

 
67.4
%
 
(7.0
)%
 
9.7
%
Service and other
74

 
32.2
%
 
33

 
26.8
%
 
124.2
 %
 
5.4
%
Total cost of revenue
$
445

 
62.6
%
 
$
432

 
60.4
%
 
3.0
 %
 
2.2
%


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Table of Contents

Cost of Product Revenue

Cost of product revenue consists of (1) product costs, (2) certain royalty expenses for celebrities, professional sports and other organizations, and independent software developers, (3) manufacturing royalties, net of volume discounts and other vendor reimbursements, (4) expenses for defective products, (5) write-offs of post launch prepaid royalty costs, (6) amortization of certain intangible assets, (7) personnel-related costs, and (8) warehousing and distribution costs. We generally recognize volume discounts when they are earned from the manufacturer (typically in connection with the achievement of unit-based milestones); whereas other vendor reimbursements are generally recognized as the related revenue is recognized.
Cost of product revenue decreased by $28 million, or 7.0 percent in the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. The decrease was primarily due to a 29 percent decrease in distribution revenue, which has higher costs, during the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011.

Cost of Service and Other Revenue

Cost of service and other revenue consists primarily of (1) data center and bandwidth costs associated with hosting our online games and websites, (2) associated royalty costs, (3) credit card fees associated with our service revenue, (4) server costs related to our website advertising business, and (5) platform processing fees from operating our website-based games on third party platforms.

Cost of service and other revenue increased by $41 million, or 124.2 percent in the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. The increase was primarily due to increased server and support costs due to the release of more online-connected and subscription-based titles and related content during the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011.

Total Cost of Revenue as a Percentage of Total Net Revenue

During the three months ended September 30, 2012, total cost of revenue as a percentage of total net revenue increased by 2.2 percent as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase as a percentage of net revenue was primarily due to (1) an increase in deferred net revenue related to certain online-enabled packaged goods and digital content and (2) an increase in server and support costs due to the release of more online-connected and subscription-based titles and related content. Both of these factors negatively impacted gross profit as a percent of net revenue by 3.3 percent. This increase was partially offset by (1) a 29 percent decrease in distribution revenue which has higher costs and (2) a greater percentage of net revenue from our digital products and services that have a lower cost than our publishing and other products. Both factors positively impacted gross profit as a percentage of net revenue by 1.1 percent.

Total cost of revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 was as follows (in millions):
 
September 30, 2012
 
% of
Related
 Net Revenue
 
September 30, 2011
 
% of
Related
 Net Revenue
 
% Change
 
Change as a
% of Related
Net Revenue
Cost of revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
$
503

 
42.5
%
 
$
611

 
41.1
%
 
(17.7
)%
 
1.4
 %
Service and other
147

 
30.4
%
 
61

 
26.8
%
 
141.0
 %
 
3.6
 %
Total cost of revenue
$
650

 
39.0
%
 
$
672

 
39.2
%
 
(3.3
)%
 
(0.2
)%

Cost of Product Revenue

Cost of product revenue decreased by $108 million, or 17.7 percent in the six months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. The decrease was primarily due to a 72 percent decrease in distribution revenue, which has higher costs, during the six months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011.


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Cost of Service and Other Revenue

Cost of service and other revenue increased by $86 million, or 141.0 percent in the six months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. The increase was primarily due to increased server and support costs due to the release of more online-connected and subscription-based titles and related content during the six months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011.

Total Cost of Revenue as a Percentage of Total Net Revenue

During the six months ended September 30, 2012, total cost of revenue as a percentage of total net revenue decrease by 0.2 percent as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011. This decrease as a percentage of net revenue is primarily due to (1) a 72 percent decrease in distribution revenue which has higher costs and (2) a greater percentage of net revenue from our digital products and services that have a lower cost than our publishing and other products. Both factors positively impacted gross profit as a percentage of net revenue by 2.9 percent. This decrease was partially offset by (1) an increase in the change in deferred net revenue related to certain online-enabled packaged goods and digital content offset by a greater percentage of net revenue from digital products and (2) an increase in server and support costs due to the release of more online-connected and subscription-based titles and related content. Both of these factors negatively impacted gross profit as a percent of net revenue by 2.7 percent.

Research and Development
Research and development expenses consist of expenses incurred by our production studios for personnel-related costs, related overhead costs, contracted services, depreciation and any impairment of prepaid royalties for pre-launch products. Research and development expenses for our online products include expenses incurred by our studios consisting of direct development and related overhead costs in connection with the development and production of our online games. Research and development expenses also include expenses associated with the development of website content, software licenses and maintenance, network infrastructure and management overhead.
Research and development expenses for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30,
2012
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
September 30,
2011
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Three months ended
$
314

 
44
%
 
$
318

 
44
%
 
$
(4
)
 
(1
)%
Six months ended
$
604

 
36
%
 
$
603

 
35
%
 
$
1

 
 %

During the three months ended September 30, 2012, research and development expenses remained relatively consistent as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011.

Research and development expenses increased by $1 million during the six months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011, due to (1) a $7 million increase in personnel-related costs resulting from an increase in headcount in connection with recent acquisitions, and (2) a $7 million increase in incentive based compensation expense. This was partially offset by an $11 million decrease in server and support costs.
Marketing and Sales
Marketing and sales expenses consist of personnel-related costs, related overhead costs, advertising, marketing and promotional expenses, net of qualified advertising cost reimbursements from third parties.
Marketing and sales expenses for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30,
2012
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
September 30,
2011
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Three months ended
$
212

 
30
%
 
$
222

 
31
%
 
$
(10
)
 
(5
)%
Six months ended
$
357

 
21
%
 
$
362

 
21
%
 
$
(5
)
 
(1
)%
Marketing and sales expenses decreased by $10 million, or 5 percent, during the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011, primarily due to an $18 million decrease in advertising and promotional spending on our franchises as compared to the prior year. This was partially offset by $7 million increase in personnel-related costs resulting from an increase in headcount due to online and customer relationship initiatives and recent acquisitions.

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Marketing and sales expenses decreased by $5 million, or 1 percent, during the six months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011, primarily due to a $26 million decrease in advertising and promotional spending on our franchises as compared to the prior year. This was partially offset by a $17 million increase in personnel-related costs resulting from an increase in headcount due to online and customer relationship initiatives and recent acquisitions.

General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consist of personnel and related expenses of executive and administrative staff, related overhead costs, fees for professional services such as legal and accounting, and allowances for doubtful accounts.
General and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30,
2012
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
September 30,
2011
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Three months ended
$
99

 
14
%
 
$
88

 
12
%
 
$
11

 
13
%
Six months ended
$
185

 
11
%
 
$
162

 
9
%
 
$
23

 
14
%
General and administrative expenses increased $11 million, or 13 percent, during the three months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011 primarily due to an increase in personnel-related costs of $9 million.

General and administrative expenses increased $23 million, or 14 percent, during the six months ended September 30, 2012, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011 primarily due to (1) an increase in personnel-related costs of $14 million, and (2) a $5 million increase in legal fees related to litigation matters.

Acquisition-Related Contingent Consideration
Acquisition-related contingent consideration for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30,
2012
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
September 30,
2011
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Three months ended
$

 
 %
 
$
17

 
2
%
 
$
(17
)
 
(100
)%
Six months ended
$
(20
)
 
(1
)%
 
$
19

 
1
%
 
$
(39
)
 
(205
)%
During the three months ended September 30, 2012, acquisition-related contingent consideration decreased by $17 million, or 100 percent, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011, primarily related to a revision in our accrual during the three months ended September 30, 2011 in connection with our Playfish acquisition.
During the six months ended September 30, 2012, acquisition-related contingent consideration decreased by $39 million, or 205 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011, primarily related to a revision in our accrual during the three months ended September 30, 2011 in connection with our Playfish acquisition, and to a revision in our accrual during the three months ended June 30, 2012 related to our PopCap acquisition.
Amortization of Intangibles
Amortization of intangibles for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30,
2012
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
September 30,
2011
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Three months ended
$
7

 
1
%
 
$
13

 
2
%
 
$
(6
)
 
(46
)%
Six months ended
$
14

 
1
%
 
$
26

 
2
%
 
$
(12
)
 
(46
)%
During the three and six months ended September 30, 2012, amortization of intangibles decreased by $6 million, or 46 percent, and $12 million, or 46 percent, respectively, as compared to the three and six months ended September 30, 2011, primarily due to certain intangible assets from our prior year acquisitions being fully amortized during fiscal year 2012.

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Restructuring and Other Charges
Restructuring and other charges for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30,
2012
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
September 30,
2011
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Three months ended
$
(2
)
 
 %
 
$
(1
)
 
 %
 
$
(1
)
 
100
%
Six months ended
$
25

 
2
 %
 
$
17

 
1
 %
 
$
8

 
47
%

During the three months ended September 30, 2012, restructuring and other charges remained relatively consistent as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011.

During the six months ended September 30, 2012, restructuring and other charges increased by $8 million, or 47 percent, as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011, primarily due to (1) $22 million in costs in connection with our fiscal 2013 restructuring, which was initiated in this fiscal year, and (2) a $10 million gain on the sale of our facility in Chertsey, England related to our fiscal 2008 reorganization that was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2011, and for which there was no comparable gain in the current year. These increases were partially offset by costs that were recognized during the six months ended September 30, 2011 comprised of (1) $14 million expense adjustment for the amendment of certain licensing agreements related to our fiscal 2011 restructuring plan, and (2) $10 million in costs related to IT and other costs to assist in reorganizing certain activities. See the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section on page 49 for additional information regarding our restructuring plans.
Interest and Other Expense, Net
Interest and other expense, net, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30,
2012
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
September 30,
2011
 
% of Net
Revenue
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Three months ended
$
(4
)
 
(1
)%
 
$
(6
)
 
(1
)%
 
$
2

 
(33
)%
Six months ended
$
(9
)
 
(1
)%
 
$
(3
)
 
 %
 
$
(6
)
 
200
 %
Interest and other expense, net decreased by $2 million, or by 33 percent, during the three months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011, primarily due to a $26 million increase in foreign currency transaction gains which was partially offset by a $22 million increase in foreign currency forward contract losses as compared to the same period in the prior year.
Interest and other expense, net increased by $6 million, or by 200 percent, during the six months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011, primarily due to (1) a $12 million decrease in foreign currency forward contract gains, and (2) an $8 million increase in interest expense, including the amortization of debt discount recognized in connection with our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016. This was partially offset by a $17 million decrease in foreign currency transaction losses as compared to the same period in the prior year.
Income Taxes
Provisions for (benefit from) income taxes for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 were as follows (in millions): 
 
September 30,
2012
 
Effective
Tax Rate
 
September 30,
2011
 
Effective
Tax Rate
 
% Change
Three months ended
$
13

 
3.5
%
 
$
(40
)
 
(10.5
)%
 
(133
)%
Six months ended
$
22

 
13.9
%
 
$
(31
)
 
(20.7
)%
 
(171
)%
The provision for income taxes reported for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 is based on our projected annual effective tax rate for fiscal year 2013, and also includes certain discrete tax benefits recorded during the period. Our effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 was a tax expense of 3.5 percent and 13.9 percent respectively, as compared to a tax benefit of 10.5 percent and 20.7 percent, respectively, for the same periods of fiscal 2012. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 differs from the statutory rate of 35.0 percent primarily due to the U.S. losses for which no benefit is recognized and non-U.S. losses with a reduced or zero tax benefit. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2011 differs from the statutory rate of 35.0 percent primarily due to the utilization of U.S. deferred tax assets which were subject to a valuation allowance, a reduction in the U.S. valuation

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allowance related to the PopCap acquisition, and non-U.S. profits subject to a reduced or zero tax rate. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 differs from the same period in fiscal year 2012 primarily due to greater tax benefits recorded in fiscal year 2012 related to the reduction of the U.S. valuation allowance for the PopCap acquisition.
Our effective income tax rates for fiscal year 2013 and future periods will depend on a variety of factors, including changes in the deferred tax valuation allowance, as well as changes in our business such as acquisitions and intercompany transactions, changes in our international structure, changes in the geographic location of business functions or assets, changes in the geographic mix of income, changes in or termination of our agreements with tax authorities, applicable accounting rules, applicable tax laws and regulations, rulings and interpretations thereof, developments in tax audit and other matters, and variations in our annual pre-tax income or loss. We incur certain tax expenses that do not decline proportionately with declines in our pre-tax consolidated income or loss. As a result, in absolute dollar terms, our tax expense will have a greater influence on our effective tax rate at lower levels of pre-tax income or loss than at higher levels. In addition, at lower levels of pre-tax income or loss, our effective tax rate will be more volatile.
Certain taxable temporary differences that are not expected to reverse during the carry forward periods permitted by tax law cannot be considered as a source of future taxable income that may be available to realize the benefit of deferred tax assets.
We historically have considered undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States, and accordingly, no U.S. taxes have been provided thereon. We currently intend to continue to indefinitely reinvest the undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries outside of the United States.



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Table of Contents

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
(In millions)
As of
September 30, 2012
 
As of
March 31, 2012
 

(Decrease)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
871

 
$
1,293

 
$
(422
)
Short-term investments
351

 
437

 
(86
)
Marketable equity securities
93

 
119

 
(26
)
Total
$
1,315

 
$
1,849

 
$
(534
)
Percentage of total assets
25
%
 
34
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended September 30,
 
 
(In millions)
2012
 
2011
 
Change
Cash used in operating activities
$
(272
)
 
$
(485
)
 
$
213

Cash provided by (used in) investing activities
42

 
(575
)
 
617

Cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(189
)
 
424

 
(613
)
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents
(3
)
 
(13
)
 
10

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
$
(422
)
 
$
(649
)
 
$
227

Changes in Cash Flow
Operating Activities. Cash used in operating activities decreased $213 million during the six months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to six months ended September 30, 2011 primarily due to (1) a decrease in prepaid royalty advances and (2) a decrease in royalty payments. These decreases were offset by (1) less cash collected on receivables due to a higher percentage of Net Revenue before Revenue Deferral being generated during the second half of the current period as compared to the prior period and (2) an increase in personnel-related expenses due to increased headcount.
Investing Activities. Cash used in investing activities decreased $617 million during the six months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011 primarily driven by a $647 million decrease in cash used for acquisitions, the majority of which was used to fund our acquisition of PopCap during the six months ended September 30, 2011.
Financing Activities. Cash provided by financing activities decreased $613 million during the six months ended September 30, 2012 as compared to the six months ended September 30, 2011 primarily due to (1) $617 million in proceeds received from the sale of our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016, net of issuance costs that occurred in fiscal 2012, (2) $65 million in proceeds received from the issuance of Warrants in connection with the Notes, and (3) a $26 million acquisition-related contingent consideration payment primarily in connection with our acquisition of Playfish that was paid during the three months ended September 30, 2012. This was partially offset by $107 million paid for the purchase of the Convertible Note Hedge during the three months ended September 30, 2011.
Short-term Investments and Marketable Equity Securities
Due to our mix of fixed and variable rate securities, our short-term investment portfolio is susceptible to changes in short-term interest rates. As of September 30, 2012, our short-term investments had gross unrealized gains of $1 million, or less than 1 percent of the total in short-term investments, and gross unrealized losses of less than $1 million, or less than 1 percent of the total in short-term investments. From time to time, we may liquidate some or all of our short-term investments to fund operational needs or other activities, such as capital expenditures, business acquisitions or stock repurchase programs. Depending on which short-term investments we liquidate to fund these activities, we could recognize a portion, or all, of the gross unrealized gains or losses.
The fair value of our marketable equity securities decreased to $93 million as of September 30, 2012 from $119 million as of March 31, 2012 due to a decrease in the value of our investment in Neowiz.

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Table of Contents

Restricted Cash and Contingent Consideration
Primarily in connection with our acquisitions of PopCap, KlickNation, and Chillingo, we may be required to pay an additional $568 million of cash consideration based upon the achievement of certain performance milestones through March 31, 2015. In connection with our PopCap acquisition, we acquired $6 million of restricted cash which is held in an escrow account in the event that certain liabilities become due. As these deposits are restricted in nature, they are excluded from cash and cash equivalents. As of September 30, 2012, the restricted cash of $6 million is included in other current assets in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Fiscal 2013 Restructuring
On May 7, 2012, we announced a restructuring plan to align our cost structure with our ongoing digital transformation. Under this plan, we reduced our workforce, terminated licensing agreements, and consolidated or closed various facilities. The majority of these actions were completed by September 30, 2012.

Since the inception of the fiscal 2013 restructuring plan through September 30, 2012, we have incurred charges of $22 million, consisting of (1) $11 million in employee-related expenses, (2) $9 million related to license termination costs, and (3) $2 million related to the closure of certain of our facilities.  We anticipate incurring approximately $3 million of additional facility closure costs related to this plan during the three months ended December 31, 2012.  Substantially all of these costs will be settled in cash by March 31, 2013, with the exception of approximately $4 million of license and lease termination costs, which will be settled by May 2016.

In connection with our fiscal 2013 restructuring plan, we expect to incur cash expenditures through May 2016 of approximately (1) $3 million during the remainder of fiscal year 2013, (2) $2 million in fiscal year 2014, (3) $1 million in fiscal year 2015, (4) and less than $1 million in fiscal years 2016 and 2017.

Fiscal 2011 Restructuring
In connection with our fiscal 2011 restructuring plan, we expect to incur cash expenditures through June 2016 of approximately (1) $20 million during the remainder of fiscal year 2013, (2) $25 million in fiscal year 2014, (3) $18 million in fiscal year 2015, (4) $3 million in fiscal year 2016, and (5) $19 million in fiscal year 2017. The actual cash expenditures are variable as they will be dependent upon the actual revenue we generate from certain games.

Financing Arrangement
In July 2011, we issued $632.5 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 (the “Notes”). The Notes are senior unsecured obligations which pay interest semiannually in arrears at a rate of 0.75 percent per annum on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on January 15, 2012 and will mature on July 15, 2016, unless earlier purchased or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date. The Notes are convertible into cash and shares of our common stock based on an initial conversion value of 31.5075 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $31.74 per share). Upon conversion of the Notes, holders will receive cash up to the principal amount of each Note, and any excess conversion value will be delivered in shares of our common stock. We used the net proceeds of the Notes to finance the cash consideration of our acquisition of PopCap, which closed in August 2011.
Prior to April 15, 2016, the Notes will be convertible only upon the occurrence of certain events and during certain periods, and thereafter, at any time until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date of the Notes. The Notes do not contain any financial covenants.
The conversion rate is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. Following certain corporate events described in the indenture governing the notes (the “Indenture”) that occur prior to the maturity date, the conversion rate will be increased for a holder who elects to convert its Notes in connection with such corporate event in certain circumstances. The Notes are not redeemable prior to maturity, and no sinking fund is provided for the Notes.
If we undergo a “fundamental change,” as defined in the Indenture, subject to certain conditions, holders may require us to purchase for cash all or any portion of their Notes. The fundamental change purchase price will be 100 percent of the principal amount of the Notes to be purchased plus any accrued and unpaid interest up to but excluding the fundamental change purchase date.

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The Indenture contains customary terms and covenants, including that upon certain events of default occurring and continuing, either the trustee or the holders of at least 25 percent in principal amount of the outstanding Notes may declare 100 percent of the principal and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Notes to be due and payable.
In addition, in July 2011, we entered into privately negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (the “Convertible Note Hedge”) with certain counterparties to reduce the potential dilution with respect to our common stock upon conversion of the Notes. The Convertible Note Hedge, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, provides us with the option to acquire, on a net settlement basis, approximately 19.9 million shares of our common stock at a strike price of $31.74, which corresponds to the conversion price of the Notes and is equal to the number of shares of our common stock that notionally underlie the Notes. As of September 30, 2012, we have not purchased any shares under the Convertible Note Hedge. We paid $107 million for the Convertible Note Hedge.
Separately, we have also entered into privately negotiated warrant transactions with the certain counterparties whereby we sold to independent third parties warrants (the “Warrants”) to acquire, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments that are substantially the same as the anti-dilution provisions contained in the Notes, up to 19.9 million shares of our common stock (which is also equal to the number of shares of our common stock that notionally underlie the Notes), with a strike price of $41.14. The Warrants could have a dilutive effect with respect to our common stock to the extent that the market price per share of its common stock exceeds $41.14 on or prior to the expiration date of the Warrants. We received proceeds of $65 million from the sale of the Warrants.
See Note 11 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016.
Credit Facility
On August 30, 2012, we entered into a $500 million 3.5 year senior unsecured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks.  The credit facility terminates on February 29, 2016 and contains an option to arrange with existing lenders and/or new lenders for them to provide up to an aggregate of $250 million in additional commitments for revolving loans.  Proceeds of loans made under the credit facility may be used for general corporate purposes.

The loans bear interest, at our option, at the base rate plus an applicable spread or an adjusted LIBOR rate plus an applicable spread, in each case with such spread being determined based on our consolidated leverage ratio for the preceding fiscal quarter. We are also obligated to pay other customary fees for a credit facility of this size and type. Interest is due and payable in arrears quarterly for loans bearing interest at the base rate and at the end of an interest period (or at each three month interval in the case of loans with interest periods greater than three months) in the case of loans bearing interest at the adjusted LIBOR rate. Principal, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, is due and payable on February 29, 2016.

The credit agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants that limit or restrict our ability to, among other things, incur subsidiary indebtedness, grant liens, dispose of all or substantially all assets and pay dividends or make distributions, in each case subject to customary exceptions for a credit facility of this size and type. We are also required to maintain compliance with a capitalization ratio and maintain a minimum level of total liquidity and a minimum level of domestic liquidity.
The credit agreement contains customary events of default, including among others, non-payment defaults, covenant defaults, bankruptcy and insolvency defaults and a change of control default, in each case, subject to customary exceptions for a credit facility of this size and type. The occurrence of an event of default could result in the acceleration of the obligations under the credit agreement, an obligation by any guarantors to repay the obligations in full and an increase in the applicable interest rate.
As of September 30, 2012, no amounts were outstanding under the credit facility.   

Financial Condition
We believe that cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, marketable equity securities, cash generated from operations and available financing facilities will be sufficient to meet our operating requirements for at least the next 12 months, including working capital requirements, capital expenditures, and potentially, future acquisitions, stock repurchases, or strategic investments. We may choose at any time to raise additional capital to strengthen our financial position, facilitate expansion, repurchase our stock, pursue strategic acquisitions and investments, and/or to take advantage of business opportunities as they arise. There can be no assurance, however, that such additional capital will be available to us on favorable terms, if at all, or that it will not result in substantial dilution to our existing stockholders.

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As of September 30, 2012, approximately $637 million of our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments and $46 million of our marketable equity securities were domiciled in foreign tax jurisdictions. While we have no plans to repatriate these funds to the United States in the short term, if we choose to do so, we would be required to accrue and pay additional taxes on any portion of the repatriation where no United States income tax had been previously provided.
In February 2011, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $600 million of our common stock over the next 18 months. We completed our program in April 2012. We repurchased approximately 32 million shares in the open market since in the commencement of the program, including pursuant to pre-arranged stock trading plan. During the three months ended June 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 4.3 million shares of our common stock for approximately $71 million.
In July 2012, our Board of Directors authorized a new program to repurchase up to $500 million of our common stock. Under the program, we may purchase stock in the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws, including pursuant to pre-arranged stock trading plans.  The timing and actual amount of the stock repurchases will depend on several factors including price, capital availability, regulatory requirements, alternative investment opportunities and other market conditions. We are not obligated to repurchase any specific number of shares under the program and the repurchase program may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 8.4 million shares of our common stock for approximately $108 million, under this new program. We continue to actively repurchase shares under this program.
During the six months ended September 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 8.4 million shares of our common stock for approximately $179 million.
We have a “shelf” registration statement on Form S-3 on file with the SEC. This shelf registration statement, which includes a base prospectus, allows us at any time to offer any combination of securities described in the prospectus in one or more offerings. Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement accompanying the base prospectus, we would use the net proceeds from the sale of any securities offered pursuant to the shelf registration statement for general corporate purposes, including for working capital, financing capital expenditures, research and development, marketing and distribution efforts, and if opportunities arise, for acquisitions or strategic alliances. Pending such uses, we may invest the net proceeds in interest-bearing securities. In addition, we may conduct concurrent or other financings at any time.
Our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity could be affected by various risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, those related to customer demand and acceptance of our products, our ability to collect our accounts receivable as they become due, successfully achieving our product release schedules and attaining our forecasted sales objectives, the impact of acquisitions and other strategic transactions in which we may engage, the impact of competition, economic conditions in the United States and abroad, the seasonal and cyclical nature of our business and operating results, risks of product returns and the other risks described in the “Risk Factors” section, included in Part II, Item 1A of this report.
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
Development, Celebrity, League and Content Licenses: Payments and Commitments
The products we produce in our studios are designed and created by our employee designers, artists, software programmers and by non-employee software developers (“independent artists” or “third-party developers”). We typically advance development funds to the independent artists and third-party developers during development of our games, usually in installment payments made upon the completion of specified development milestones. Contractually, these payments are generally considered advances against subsequent royalties on the sales of the products. These terms are set forth in written agreements entered into with the independent artists and third-party developers.
In addition, we have certain celebrity, league and content license contracts that contain minimum guarantee payments and marketing commitments that may not be dependent on any deliverables. Celebrities and organizations with whom we have contracts include: FIFA, FIFPRO Foundation, FAPL (Football Association Premier League Limited), and DFL Deutsche Fußball Liga GmbH (German Soccer League) (professional soccer); National Basketball Association (professional basketball); PGA TOUR, Tiger Woods and Augusta National (professional golf); National Hockey League and NHL Players’ Association (professional hockey); National Football League Properties, PLAYERS Inc., and Red Bear Inc. (professional football); Collegiate Licensing Company (collegiate football); Zuffa, LLC (Ultimate Fighting Championship); ESPN (content in EA SPORTS games); Hasbro, Inc. (most of Hasbro’s toy and game intellectual properties); and LucasArts and Lucas Licensing (Star Wars: The Old Republic). These developer and content license commitments represent the sum of (1) the cash payments due under non-royalty-bearing licenses and services agreements and (2) the minimum guaranteed payments and advances against royalties due under royalty-bearing licenses and services agreements, the majority of which are conditional upon performance by the counterparty. These minimum guarantee payments and any related marketing commitments are included in the table below.

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The following table summarizes our minimum contractual obligations as of September 30, 2012, and the effect we expect them to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods (in millions): 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year Ending March 31,
 
 
 
2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Remaining
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
six mos.)
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
Thereafter
Unrecognized commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Developer/licensor commitments
$
1,168

 
$
66

 
$
166

 
$
164

 
$
207

 
$
58

 
$
507

Marketing commitments
273

 
49

 
53

 
34

 
34

 
20

 
83

Operating leases
196

 
26

 
51

 
42

 
29

 
16

 
32

0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 interest (a)
19

 
2

 
5

 
5

 
5

 
2

 

Other purchase obligations
45

 
15

 
22

 
8

 

 

 

Total unrecognized commitments
1,701

 
158

 
297

 
253

 
275

 
96


622

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recognized commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 principal (a)
633

 

 

 

 

 
633

 

Licensing and lease obligations (b)
95

 
21

 
27

 
20

 
5

 
20

 
2

Total recognized commitments
728

 
21

 
27

 
20

 
5

 
653

 
2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Commitments
$
2,429

 
$
179

 
$
324

 
$
273

 
$
280

 
$
749

 
$
624

(a)
Included in the $19 million coupon interest on the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 is $1 million of accrued interest recognized as of September 30, 2012. We will be obligated to pay the $632.5 million principal amount of the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 in cash and any excess conversion value in shares of our common stock upon redemption of the Notes at maturity on July 15, 2016 or upon earlier redemption. The $632.5 million principal amount excludes $84 million of unamortized discount of the liability component. See Note 11 for additional information regarding our 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016.
(b)
See Note 7 for additional information regarding recognized commitments resulting from our restructuring plans. Lease commitments have not been reduced for approximately $6 million due in the future from third parties under non-cancelable sub-leases.
The unrecognized amounts represented in the table above reflect our minimum cash obligations for the respective fiscal years, but do not necessarily represent the periods in which they will be recognized and expensed in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the amounts in the table above are presented based on the dates the amounts are contractually due as of September 30, 2012; however, certain payment obligations may be accelerated depending on the performance of our operating results.
In addition to what is included in the table above, as of September 30, 2012, we had a liability for unrecognized tax benefits and an accrual for the payment of related interest totaling $261 million, of which we are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of when cash settlement with a taxing authority will occur.
In addition to what is included in the table above as of September 30, 2012, primarily in connection with our PopCap, KlickNation, and Chillingo acquisitions, we may be required to pay an additional $568 million of cash consideration based upon the achievement of certain performance milestones through March 31, 2015. As of September 30, 2012, we have accrued $88 million of contingent consideration on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet representing the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET COMMITMENTS
Lease Commitments
As of September 30, 2012, we leased certain facilities, furniture and equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. We were required to pay property taxes, insurance and normal maintenance costs for certain of these facilities and any increases over the base year of these expenses on the remainder of our facilities.

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Director Indemnity Agreements
We entered into indemnification agreements with each of the members of our Board of Directors at the time they joined the Board to indemnify them to the extent permitted by law against any and all liabilities, costs, expenses, amounts paid in settlement and damages incurred by the directors as a result of any lawsuit, or any judicial, administrative or investigative proceeding in which the directors are sued or charged as a result of their service as members of our Board of Directors.


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Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
MARKET RISK
We are exposed to various market risks, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and market prices, which have experienced significant volatility in light of the global economic downturn. Market risk is the potential loss arising from changes in market rates and market prices. We employ established policies and practices to manage these risks. Foreign currency option and forward contracts are used to hedge anticipated exposures or mitigate some existing exposures subject to foreign exchange risk as discussed below. While we do not hedge our short-term investment portfolio, we protect our short-term investment portfolio against different market risks, including interest rate risk as discussed below. Our cash and cash equivalents portfolio consists of highly liquid investments with insignificant interest rate risk and original or remaining maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase. We also do not currently hedge our market price risk relating to our marketable equity securities and we do not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Cash Flow Hedging Activities. From time to time, we hedge a portion of our foreign currency risk related to forecasted foreign-currency-denominated sales and expense transactions by purchasing foreign currency option contracts that generally have maturities of 15 months or less. These transactions are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. The derivative assets associated with our hedging activities are recorded at fair value in other current assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The effective portion of gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of these hedges is initially reported, net of tax, as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity. The gross amount of the effective portion of gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of these hedges is subsequently reclassified into net revenue or research and development expenses, as appropriate, in the period when the forecasted transaction is recognized in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. In the event that the gains or losses in accumulated other comprehensive income are deemed to be ineffective, the ineffective portion of gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value, if any, is reclassified to interest and other expense, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. In the event that the underlying forecasted transactions do not occur, or it becomes remote that they will occur, within the defined hedge period, the gains or losses on the related cash flow hedges are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest and other expense, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our hedging programs are designed to reduce, but do not entirely eliminate, the impact of currency exchange rate movements in net revenue and research and development expenses. As of September 30, 2012, we had foreign currency option contracts to purchase approximately $53 million in foreign currency and to sell approximately $94 million of foreign currency. All of the foreign currency option contracts outstanding as of September 30, 2012 will mature in the next 12 months. As of March 31, 2012, we had foreign currency option contracts to purchase approximately $74 million in foreign currency and to sell approximately $78 million of foreign currency. As of September 30, 2012, the fair value of these outstanding foreign currency option contracts was immaterial and are included in other current assets. As of March 31, 2012, these foreign currency option contracts outstanding had a total fair value of $2 million and are included in other current assets.
Balance Sheet Hedging Activities. We use foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate foreign currency risk associated with foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities, primarily intercompany receivables and payables. The foreign currency forward contracts generally have a contractual term of three months or less and are transacted near month-end. Our foreign currency forward contracts are not designated as hedging instruments, and are accounted for as derivatives whereby the fair value of the contracts is reported as other current assets or accrued and other current liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value are reported in interest and other expense, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The gains and losses on these foreign currency forward contracts generally offset the gains and losses on the underlying foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities, which are also reported in interest and other expense, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. In certain cases, the amount of such gains and losses will significantly differ from the amount of gains and losses recognized on the underlying foreign-currency-denominated monetary asset or liability, in which case our results will be impacted. As of September 30, 2012, we had foreign currency forward contracts to purchase and sell approximately $352 million in foreign currencies. Of this amount, $343 million represented contracts to sell foreign currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars, and $9 million to sell foreign currency in exchange for British pounds sterling. As of March 31, 2012, we had foreign currency forward contracts to purchase and sell approximately $242 million in foreign currencies. Of this amount, $197 million represented contracts to sell foreign currencies in exchange for U.S. dollars, $37 million to purchase foreign currency in exchange for U.S. dollars, and $8 million to sell foreign currency in exchange for British pounds sterling. As of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, the fair value of our foreign currency forward contracts was immaterial and is included in accrued and other liabilities.

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We believe the counterparties to these foreign currency forward and option contracts are creditworthy multinational commercial banks. While we believe the risk of counterparty nonperformance is not material, the disruption in the global financial markets has impacted some of the financial institutions with which we do business. Further, the continued sovereign debt crisis in Europe could lead to increased counterparty risk with respect to financial institutions and other business partners, who are particularly vulnerable to the instability in certain European markets. A sustained decline in the financial stability of financial institutions as a result of the disruption in the financial markets could affect our ability to secure credit-worthy counterparties for our foreign currency hedging programs.
Notwithstanding our efforts to mitigate some foreign currency exchange rate risks, there can be no assurance that our hedging activities will adequately protect us against the risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations. As of September 30, 2012, a hypothetical adverse foreign currency exchange rate movement of 10 percent or 15 percent would have resulted in potential declines in the fair value of the premiums on our foreign currency option contracts used in cash flow hedging of $1 million in each scenario. As of September 30, 2012, a hypothetical adverse foreign currency exchange rate movement of 10 percent or 15 percent would have resulted in potential losses on our foreign currency forward contracts used in balance sheet hedging of $52 million and $71 million, respectively. This sensitivity analysis assumes a parallel adverse shift of all foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar; however, all foreign currency exchange rates do not always move in such manner and actual results may differ materially.
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our short-term investment portfolio. We manage our interest rate risk by maintaining an investment portfolio generally consisting of debt instruments of high credit quality and relatively short maturities. However, because short-term investments mature relatively quickly and are required to be reinvested at the then-current market rates, interest income on a portfolio consisting of short-term investments is more subject to market fluctuations than a portfolio of longer term investments. Additionally, the contractual terms of the investments do not permit the issuer to call, prepay or otherwise settle the investments at prices less than the stated par value. Our investments are held for purposes other than trading. Also, we do not use derivative financial instruments in our short-term investment portfolio.
As of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, our short-term investments were classified as available-for-sale securities, and consequently, were recorded at fair value with unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, in stockholders’ equity. Our portfolio of short-term investments consisted of the following investment categories, summarized by fair value as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 (in millions): 
 
As of
September 30,
2012
 
As of
March 31,
2012
Corporate bonds
$
180

 
$
150

U.S. Treasury securities
95

 
166

U.S. agency securities
73

 
116

Commercial paper
3

 
5

Total short-term investments
$
351

 
$
437


Notwithstanding our efforts to manage interest rate risks, there can be no assurance that we will be adequately protected against risks associated with interest rate fluctuations. At any time, a sharp change in interest rates could have a significant impact on the fair value of our investment portfolio. The following table presents the hypothetical changes in the fair value of our short-term investment portfolio as of September 30, 2012, arising from potential changes in interest rates. The modeling technique estimates the change in fair value from immediate hypothetical parallel shifts in the yield curve of plus or minus 50 basis points (“BPS”), 100 BPS, and 150 BPS.

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(In millions)
Valuation of Securities
Given an Interest Rate
Decrease of X Basis Points
 
Fair Value
as  of
September 30,
2012
 
Valuation of Securities
Given an Interest Rate
Increase of X Basis Points
(150 BPS)
 
(100 BPS)
 
(50 BPS)
 
50 BPS
 
100 BPS
 
150 BPS
Corporate bonds
$
184

 
$
182

 
$
181

 
$
180

 
$
179

 
$
177

 
$
176

U.S. Treasury securities
97

 
96

 
96

 
95

 
94

 
94

 
93

U.S. agency securities
76

 
75

 
74

 
73

 
73

 
73

 
72

Commercial paper
3

 
3

 
3

 
3

 
3

 
3

 
3

Total short-term investments
$
360

 
$
356

 
$
354

 
$
351

 
$
349

 
$
347

 
$
344

Market Price Risk
The fair value of our marketable equity securities in publicly-traded companies is subject to market price volatility and foreign currency risk for investments denominated in foreign currencies. As of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012, our marketable equity securities were classified as available-for-sale securities, and consequently, were recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value with unrealized gains or losses resulting from changes in fair value reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, in stockholders’ equity. The fair value of our marketable equity securities as of September 30, 2012 and March 31, 2012 was $93 million and $119 million, respectively.
Our marketable equity securities have been, and may continue to be, adversely impacted by volatility in the public stock markets. At any time, a sharp change in market prices in our investments in marketable equity securities could have a significant impact on the fair value of our investments. The following table presents hypothetical changes in the fair value of our marketable equity securities as of September 30, 2012, arising from changes in market prices of plus or minus 25 percent, 50 percent, and 75 percent. 
(In millions)
Valuation of Securities Given
an X Percentage Decrease
in Each Stock’s Market Price
 
Fair Value
as  of
September 30,
2012
 
Valuation of Securities Given
an X Percentage Increase
in  Each Stock’s Market Price
(75)%
 
(50)%
 
(25)%
 
25%
 
50%
 
75%
Marketable equity securities
$
23

 
$
47

 
$
70

 
$
93

 
$
116

 
$
140

 
$
163



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Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
Definition and limitations of disclosure controls
Our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management evaluates these controls and procedures on an ongoing basis.
There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures. These limitations include the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures and reasonable resource constraints. In addition, because we have designed our system of controls based on certain assumptions, which we believe are reasonable, about the likelihood of future events, our system of controls may not achieve its desired purpose under all possible future conditions. Accordingly, our disclosure controls and procedures provide reasonable assurance, but not absolute assurance, of achieving their objectives.
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, believe that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in providing the requisite reasonable assurance that material information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding the required disclosure.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with our evaluation that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2012 that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings

In June 2008, Geoffrey Pecover filed an antitrust class action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, alleging that EA obtained an illegal monopoly in a discreet antitrust market that consists of “league-branded football simulation video games” by bidding for, and winning, exclusive licenses with the NFL, Collegiate Licensing Company and Arena Football League. In December 2010, the district court granted the plaintiffs request to certify a class of plaintiffs consisting of all consumers who purchased EAs Madden NFL, NCAA Football or Arena Football video games after 2005. In May 2012, the parties reached a settlement in principle to resolve all claims related to this action. As a result, we recognized a $27 million accrual for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012 associated with the potential settlement. In July 2012, the plaintiffs filed a motion with the court to approve the settlement. On October 5, 2012, the court granted its preliminary approval of the settlement and scheduled a hearing to consider the court’s final approval of the settlement for February 7, 2013.

We are also subject to claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe that any liability from any reasonably foreseeable disposition of such claims and litigation, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business is subject to many risks and uncertainties, which may affect our future financial performance. If any of the events or circumstances described below occurs, our business and financial performance could be harmed, our actual results could differ materially from our expectations and the market value of our stock could decline. The risks and uncertainties discussed below are not the only ones we face. There may be additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently do not believe are material that may harm our business and financial performance.

Our business is intensely competitive and “hit” driven. If we do not deliver “hit” products and services, or if consumers prefer our competitors’ products or services over our own, our operating results could suffer.

Competition in our industry is intense and we expect new competitors to continue to emerge throughout the world. Our competitors range from large established companies to emerging start-ups. In our industry, though many new products and services are regularly introduced, only a relatively small number of “hit” titles accounts for a significant portion of total revenue for the industry. We have significantly reduced the number of games that we develop, publish and distribute: in fiscal year 2011, we published 36 primary packaged goods titles, and in fiscal year 2012, we published 22 primary packaged goods titles, including our MMO role-playing game Star Wars: The Old Republic. In fiscal year 2013, we expect to release 14 primary packaged goods titles and plan to build additional online features, content and services around each of these titles. Publishing fewer titles means that we concentrate more of our development spending on each title, and driving “hit” titles often requires large marketing budgets and media spend. The underperformance of a title may have a large adverse impact on our financial results. Also, hit products or services offered by our competitors may take a larger share of consumer spending than we anticipate, which could cause revenue generated from our products and services to fall below expectations.

In addition, both the online and mobile games marketplaces are characterized by frequent product introductions, relatively low barriers to entry, and new and evolving business methods, technologies and platforms for development. We expect competition in these markets to intensify. If our competitors develop and market more successful products or services, offer competitive products or services at lower price points or based on payment models perceived as offering a better value proposition (such as free-to-play or subscription-based models), or if we do not continue to develop consistently high-quality and well-received products and services, our revenue, margins, and profitability will decline.

Our operating results will be adversely affected if we do not consistently meet our product development schedules or if key events or sports seasons that we tie our product release schedules to are delayed or cancelled.

Our business is highly seasonal, with the highest levels of consumer demand and a significant percentage of our sales occurring in the December quarter. If we miss these key selling periods for any reason, including product delays, product cancellations, or delayed introduction of a new platform for which we have developed products, our sales will suffer disproportionately. Our ability to meet product development schedules is affected by a number of factors, including the creative processes involved, the coordination of large and sometimes geographically dispersed development teams required by the increasing complexity of our products and the platforms for which they are developed, and the need to fine-tune our products prior to their release. We have experienced development delays for our products in the past, which caused us to push back or cancel release dates. We also seek to release certain products in conjunction with specific events, such as the beginning of a sports season or major sporting

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event, or the release of a related movie. If a key event or sports season to which our product release schedule is tied were to be delayed or cancelled, our sales would also suffer disproportionately. In the future, any failure to meet anticipated production or release schedules would likely result in a delay of revenue and/or possibly a significant shortfall in our revenue, increase our development expense, harm our profitability, and cause our operating results to be materially different than anticipated.

Our adoption of new business models could fail to produce our desired financial returns.

We are actively seeking to monetize game properties through a variety of new platforms and business models, including online distribution of full games and additional content, free-to-play games supported by advertising and/or micro-transactions on social networking services and subscription services such as our MMO role-playing game Star Wars: The Old Republic. Forecasting our revenues and profitability for these new business models is inherently uncertain and volatile. Our actual revenues and profits for these businesses may be significantly greater or less than our forecasts. Additionally, these new business models could fail for one or more of our titles, resulting in the loss of our investment in the development and infrastructure needed to support these new business models, and the opportunity cost of diverting management and financial resources away from more successful businesses.

Technology changes rapidly in our business and if we fail to anticipate or successfully develop games for new platforms and services, adopt new distribution technologies or methods, or implement new technologies in our games, the quality, timeliness and competitiveness of our products and services will suffer.

Rapid technology changes in our industry require us to anticipate, sometimes years in advance, which technologies we must implement and take advantage of in order to make our products and services competitive in the market. We have invested, and in the future may invest, in new business strategies, technologies, products, and services. Such endeavors may involve significant risks and uncertainties, and no assurance can be given that the technology we choose to adopt and the platforms, products and services that we pursue will be successful and will not materially adversely affect our reputation, financial condition, and operating results.

Our product development usually starts with particular platforms and distribution methods in mind, and a range of technical development goals that we hope to be able to achieve. We may not be able to achieve these goals, or our competition may be able to achieve them more quickly and effectively than we can. In either case, our products and services may be technologically inferior to our competitors’, less appealing to consumers, or both. If we cannot achieve our technology goals within the original development schedule of our products and services, then we may delay their release until these technology goals can be achieved, which may delay or reduce revenue and increase our development expenses. Alternatively, we may increase the resources employed in research and development in an attempt to accelerate our development of new technologies, either to preserve our product or service launch schedule or to keep up with our competition, which would increase our development expenses. We may also miss opportunities to adopt technology, or develop products and services for new platforms or services that become popular with consumers, which could adversely affect our revenues. It may take significant time and resources to shift our focus to such technologies or platforms, putting us at a competitive disadvantage.

If we release defective products or services, our operating results could suffer.

Products and services such as ours are extremely complex software programs, and are difficult to develop and distribute. We have quality controls in place to detect defects in our products and services before they are released. Nonetheless, these quality controls are subject to human error, overriding, and reasonable resource constraints. Therefore, these quality controls and preventative measures may not be effective in detecting defects in our products and services before they have been released into the marketplace. In such an event, we could be required to or may find it necessary to voluntarily recall a product or suspend the availability of the product or service, which could significantly harm our business and operating results.

We may experience outages and disruptions of our online services if we fail to maintain adequate operational services, security and supporting infrastructure. 

As we increase our online products and services, most recently with the launch of our online commerce and content delivery system Origin, and the launch of Star Wars: The Old Republic, we expect to continue to invest in technology services, hardware and software - including data centers, network services, storage and database technologies - to support existing services and to introduce new products and services including websites, ecommerce capabilities, online game communities and online game play services. Launching high profile games and services, and creating the appropriate support for online business initiatives is expensive and complex, and our execution could result in inefficiencies or operational failures, and increased vulnerability to cyber attacks, which, in turn, could diminish the quality of our products, services, and user experience. Cyber attacks could

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include denial-of-service attacks impacting service availability and reliability; the exploitation of software vulnerabilities in Internet facing applications; social engineering of system administrators (tricking company employees into releasing control of their systems to a hacker); the introduction of malware into our systems with a view to steal confidential or proprietary data; or attempts to hijack consumer account information. Cyber attacks of increasing sophistication may be difficult to detect and could result in the theft of our intellectual property and consumer data, including personally identifiable information. Operational failures or successful cyber attacks could result in damage to our reputation and loss of current and potential users, subscribers, advertisers, and other business partners which could harm our business. In addition, we could be adversely impacted by outages and disruptions in the online platforms of our key business partners, who offer our products and services.
Our business could be adversely affected if our consumer protection and data privacy practices are not seen as adequate or there are breaches of our security measures or unintended disclosures of our consumer data.
There are several inherent risks to engaging in business online and directly with end consumers of our products and services. As we conduct more transactions online directly with consumers, we may be the victim of fraudulent transactions, including credit card fraud, which presents a risk to our revenues and potentially disrupts service to our consumers. In addition, we are collecting and storing more consumer information, including personal information and credit card information. We take measures to protect our consumer data from unauthorized access or disclosure. It is possible that our security controls over consumer data may not prevent the improper access or disclosure of personally identifiable information. A security breach that leads to disclosure of consumer account information (including personally identifiable information) could harm our reputation, compel us to comply with disparate breach notification laws in various jurisdictions and otherwise subject us to liability under laws that protect personal data, resulting in increased costs or loss of revenue. A resulting perception that our products or services do not adequately protect the privacy of personal information could result in a loss of current or potential consumers and business partners for our online offerings that require the collection of consumer data. Our key business partners also face these same risks and any security breaches of their system could adversely impact our ability to offer our products and services through their platforms, resulting in a loss of meaningful revenues. In addition, the rate of privacy law-making is accelerating globally and the interpretation and application of consumer protection and data privacy laws in the United States, Europe and elsewhere are often uncertain, contradictory and in flux. As business practices are being challenged by regulators, private litigants, and consumer protection agencies around the world, it is possible that these laws may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent with our data and/or consumer protection practices. If so, this could result in increased litigation, government or court-imposed fines, judgments or orders requiring that we change our practices, which could have an adverse effect on our business and reputation. Complying with these various laws could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices in a manner adverse to our business.
Our business is subject to increasing regulation and the adoption of proposed legislation we oppose could negatively impact our business.
Legislation is continually being introduced in the United States and other countries to mandate rating requirements or set other restrictions on the advertisement or distribution of entertainment software based on content. In the United States, most courts, including the United States Supreme Court, that have ruled on such legislation have ruled in a manner favorable to the interactive entertainment industry. Some foreign countries have adopted ratings regulations and certain countries allow government censorship of entertainment software products. Adoption of government ratings system or restrictions on distribution of entertainment software based on content could harm our business by limiting the products we are able to offer to our customers and compliance with new and possibly inconsistent regulations for different territories could be costly or delay the release of our products.

As we increase the online delivery of our products and services, we are subject to a number of foreign and domestic laws and regulations that affect companies conducting business on the Internet. In addition, laws and regulations relating to user privacy, data collection and retention, content, advertising and information security have been adopted or are being considered for adoption by many countries throughout the world. The costs of compliance with these laws may increase in the future as a result of changes in interpretation. Furthermore, any failure on our part to comply with these laws or the application of these laws in an unanticipated manner may harm our business.

If we do not continue to attract and retain key personnel, we will be unable to effectively conduct our business.

The market for technical, creative, marketing and other personnel essential to the development and marketing of our products and management of our businesses is extremely competitive. Our leading position within the interactive entertainment industry makes us a prime target for recruiting of executives and key creative talent. If we cannot successfully recruit and retain the employees we need, or replace key employees following their departure, our ability to develop and manage our business will be impaired.

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If our marketing and advertising efforts fail to resonate with our customers, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

Our products are marketed worldwide through a diverse spectrum of advertising and promotional programs such as television and online advertising, print advertising, retail merchandising, website development and event sponsorship. Our ability to sell our products and services is dependent in part upon the success of these programs. If the marketing for our products and services fail to resonate with our customers, particularly during the critical holiday season or during other key selling periods, or if advertising rates or other media placement costs increase, these factors could have a material adverse impact on our business and operating results.

The majority of our sales are made to a relatively small number of key customers. If these customers reduce their purchases of our products or become unable to pay for them, our business could be harmed.

During the six months ended September 30, 2012, approximately 63 percent of our North America sales were made to our top ten customers. In Europe, our top ten customers accounted for approximately 35 percent of our sales in that territory during the six months ended September 30, 2012. Worldwide, we had direct sales to one customer, GameStop Corp., which represented approximately 15 percent of total net revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2012. Though our products are available to consumers through a variety of retailers and directly through us, the concentration of our sales in one, or a few, large customers could lead to a short-term disruption in our sales if one or more of these customers significantly reduced their purchases or ceased to carry our products, and could make us more vulnerable to collection risk if one or more of these large customers became unable to pay for our products or declared bankruptcy. Additionally, our receivables from these large customers increase significantly in the December quarter as they make purchases in anticipation of the holiday selling season. Also, having such a large portion of our total net revenue concentrated in a few customers could reduce our negotiating leverage with these customers. If one or more of our key customers experience deterioration in their business, or become unable to obtain sufficient financing to maintain their operations, our business could be harmed.

Our industry is cyclical, driven by the periodic introduction of new video game hardware systems. As we transition to new console platforms, our operating results may be more volatile.

Video game hardware systems have historically had a life cycle of four to six years, which causes the video game software market to be cyclical as well. The current cycle began with Microsoft’s launch of the Xbox 360 in 2005, and continued in 2006 when Sony and Nintendo launched the PLAYSTATION 3 and the Wii, respectively. We have seen a decline in the market for video game systems overall driven by reduced demand for standard definition systems. This decline in sales of video game systems has caused a corresponding decline in the sales of packaged goods video game software.

We anticipate the transition to new console platforms in the next few years. During this transition, we will incur costs to develop and market products and services for current-generation video game platforms, as well as developing products and services for next-generation platforms. For fiscal year 2013, we plan to invest $80 million toward next-generation platforms. The hardware manufacturers are not required to enter into agreements with us for next-generation video game platforms and may choose to impose more restrictive terms or adopt very different business models and fee structures for the next-generation platforms. As a result, our operating results during this transitional period may be more volatile and difficult to predict.

Our business is dependent on the success and availability of video game hardware systems manufactured by third parties, as well as our ability to develop commercially successful products and services for these systems.

The success of our business is driven in part by the commercial success and adequate supply of these video game systems, personal computers and mobile phones/devices manufactured by third parties (which we refer to as "platforms"). Our success also depends on our ability to accurately predict which platforms will be successful in the marketplace, and our ability to develop commercially successful products and services for these platforms. We must make product development decisions and commit significant resources well in advance of anticipated platform release dates. A platform for which we are developing products and services may not succeed or may have a shorter life cycle than anticipated. If consumer demand for the platforms for which we are developing products and services is lower than our expectations, our revenue will suffer, we may be unable to fully recover the investments we have made in developing our products and services, and our financial performance will be harmed. Alternatively, a platform for which we have not devoted significant resources could be more successful than we had initially anticipated, causing us to miss out on meaningful revenue opportunities.


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Our channel partners have significant influence over the products and services that we offer on their platforms.
 
Our products and services are sold to customers, primarily through retailers and online through our channel partners, including Sony, Microsoft, Nintendo, Apple, Google and Facebook.  In many cases, our channel partners set the rates that we must pay to provide our games and services through their online channels.  These partners also have retained the flexibility to change their fee structures, or adopt different fee structures for their online channels, which could adversely impact our costs, profitability and margins.

Outside of the financial arrangements, our agreements with our channel partners typically give them significant control over other aspects of the distribution of our products and services that we develop for their platform. For example, our agreements with Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo typically give significant control to them over the approval, manufacturing and distribution of our products and services, which could, in certain circumstances, leave us unable to get our products and services approved, manufactured and provided to customers. For our digital products and services delivered direct to consumers via digital channels such as Sony’s PlayStation Network, Microsoft’s Xbox LIVE Marketplace, Apple’s App Store, the Google Play store and Facebook, the channel partner has policies and guidelines that control the promotion and distribution of these titles and the features and functionalities that we are permitted to offer through the channel.

In addition, while we have negotiated agreements in place with our channel partners - these agreements reserve the right by our channel partners to determine and change unilaterally certain key terms and conditions, including the ability to change their user and developer policies and guidelines, which can negatively impact our business. If our channel partners establish terms that restrict our offerings through their channels, or significantly impact the financial terms on which these products or services are offered to our customers, our business could be harmed.

Acquisitions, investments and other strategic transactions could result in operating difficulties, dilution to our investors and other negative consequences.

We expect to continue making acquisitions or entering into other strategic transactions including (1) acquisitions of companies, businesses, intellectual properties, and other assets, (2) minority investments in strategic partners, and (3) investments in new interactive entertainment businesses (e.g., online and mobile publishing platforms) as part of our long-term business strategy. These transactions involve significant challenges and risks including that the transaction does not advance our business strategy, that we do not realize a satisfactory return on our investment, that we acquire unknown liabilities, or that we experience difficulty in the integration of business systems and technologies, the integration and retention of new employees, or in the maintenance of key business and customer relationships of the businesses we acquire, or diversion of management’s attention from our other businesses. These events could harm our operating results or financial condition.

Future acquisitions and investments could also involve the issuance of our equity and equity-linked securities (potentially diluting our existing stockholders), the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities or amortization expenses, write-offs of goodwill, intangibles, or acquired in-process technology, or other increased cash and non-cash expenses, such as stock-based compensation. Any of the foregoing factors could harm our financial condition or prevent us from achieving improvements in our financial condition and operating performance that could have otherwise been achieved by us on a stand-alone basis. Our stockholders may not have the opportunity to review, vote on or evaluate future acquisitions or investments.

From time to time we may become involved in other legal proceedings, which could adversely affect us.

We are currently, and from time to time in the future may become, subject to legal proceedings, claims, litigation and government investigations or inquiries, which could be expensive, lengthy, and disruptive to normal business operations. In addition, the outcome of any legal proceedings, claims, litigation, investigations or inquiries may be difficult to predict and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, or financial condition.

If we are unable to maintain or acquire licenses to include intellectual property owned by others in our games, or to maintain or acquire the rights to publish or distribute games developed by others, we will sell fewer hit titles and our revenue, profitability and cash flows will decline. Competition for these licenses may make them more expensive and reduce our profitability.

Many of our products are based on or incorporate intellectual property owned by others. For example, our EA SPORTS products include rights licensed from major sports leagues and players’ associations. Similarly, many of our other key franchises, such as Star Wars: The Old Republic, are based on film and literary licenses and our Hasbro products are based on a license for certain of Hasbro’s toy and game properties. Competition for these licenses and rights is intense. If we are unable to

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maintain these licenses and rights or obtain additional licenses or rights with significant commercial value, our revenues, profitability and cash flows will decline significantly. Competition for these licenses may also drive up the advances, guarantees and royalties that we must pay to licensors and developers, which could significantly increase our costs and reduce our profitability.

Our business is subject to risks generally associated with the entertainment industry, any of which could significantly harm our operating results.

Our business is subject to risks that are generally associated with the entertainment industry, many of which are beyond our control. These risks could negatively impact our operating results and include: the popularity, price and timing of our games and the platforms on which they are played; economic conditions that adversely affect discretionary consumer spending; changes in consumer demographics; the availability and popularity of other forms of entertainment; and critical reviews and public tastes and preferences, which may change rapidly and cannot necessarily be predicted.

We may be subject to claims of infringement of third-party intellectual property rights, which could harm our business.

From time to time, third parties may assert claims against us relating to patents, copyrights, trademarks, personal publicity rights, or other intellectual property rights to technologies, products or delivery/payment methods that are important to our business. Although we believe that we make reasonable efforts to ensure that our products do not violate the intellectual property rights of others, it is possible that third parties still may claim infringement. For example, we may be subject to intellectual property infringement claims from certain individuals and companies who have acquired patent portfolios for the sole purpose of asserting such claims against other companies. In addition, many of our products are highly realistic and feature materials that are based on real world examples, which may be the subject of intellectual property infringement claims of others. From time to time, we receive communications from third parties regarding such claims. Existing or future infringement claims against us, whether valid or not, may be time consuming and expensive to defend. Such claims or litigations could require us to pay damages and other costs, stop selling the affected products, redesign those products to avoid infringement, or obtain a license, all of which could be costly and harm our business. In addition, many patents have been issued that may apply to potential new modes of delivering, playing or monetizing game software products and services, such as those that we produce or would like to offer in the future. We may discover that future opportunities to provide new and innovative modes of game play and game delivery to consumers may be precluded by existing patents that we are unable to license on reasonable terms.
Our products are subject to the threat of piracy and unauthorized copying.
We take measures to protect our pre-release software and other confidential information from unauthorized access. A security breach that results in the disclosure of pre-release software or other confidential assets could lead or contribute to piracy of our games or otherwise compromise our product plans.
Further, entertainment software piracy is a persistent problem in our industry. The growth in peer-to-peer networks and other channels to download pirated copies of our products, the increasing availability of broadband access to the Internet and the proliferation of technology designed to circumvent the protection measures used with our products all have contributed to an expansion in piracy. Though we take technical steps to make the unauthorized copying of our products more difficult, as do the providers of the videogame systems, personal computers and mobile phone/devices on which our games are played, these efforts may not be successful in controlling the piracy of our products.

While legal protections exist to combat piracy and other forms of unauthorized copying, preventing and curbing infringement through enforcement of our intellectual property rights may be difficult, costly and time consuming, particularly in countries where laws are less protective of intellectual property rights. Further, the scope of the legal protection of copyright and prohibitions against the circumvention of technological protection measures to protect copyrighted works are often under scrutiny by courts and governing bodies. The repeal or weakening of laws intended to combat piracy, protect intellectual property and prohibit the circumvention of technological protection measures could make it more difficult for us to adequately protect against piracy. These factors could have a negative effect on our growth and profitability in the future.

Uncertainty and adverse changes in the economy could have a material adverse impact on our business and operating results.

Declines in consumer spending resulting from adverse changes in the economy have in the past negatively impacted our business. Further economic distress may result in a decrease in demand for our products, particularly during key product launch windows, which could have a material adverse impact on our operating results and financial condition. In particular, we derive a substantial proportion of our revenues in Europe. Continued weakness and instability in European markets could result in a

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loss of consumer confidence in the economy and a decrease in discretionary spending, resulting in a material adverse impact on our operating results. Uncertainty and adverse changes in the economy could also increase the risk of material losses on our investments, increase costs associated with developing and publishing our products, increase the cost and decrease the availability of sources of financing, and increase our exposure to material losses from bad debts, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and operating results. In addition, if we experience further deterioration in our market capitalization or our financial performance, we could be required to recognize significant impairment charges in future periods.

Our business is subject to currency fluctuations.

International sales are a fundamental part of our business. For the six months ended September 30, 2012, international net revenue comprised 53 percent of our total net revenue. We expect international sales to continue to account for a significant portion of our total net revenue. Such sales may be subject to unexpected regulatory requirements, tariffs and other barriers. Additionally, foreign sales are primarily made in local currencies, which may fluctuate against the U.S. dollar. In addition, our foreign investments and our cash and cash equivalents denominated in foreign currencies are subject to currency fluctuations. We use foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate some foreign currency risk associated with foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities (primarily certain intercompany receivables and payables) to a limited extent and foreign currency option contracts to hedge foreign currency forecasted transactions (primarily related to a portion of the revenue and expenses denominated in foreign currency generated by our operational subsidiaries). However, these activities are limited in the protection they provide us from foreign currency fluctuations and can themselves result in losses. In the past, the disruption in the global financial markets has impacted many of the financial institutions with which we do business, and we are subject to counterparty risk with respect to such institutions with whom we enter into hedging transactions. A sustained decline in the financial stability of financial institutions as a result of the disruption in the financial markets could negatively impact our treasury operations, including our ability to secure credit-worthy counterparties for our foreign currency hedging programs. Accordingly, our results of operations, including our reported net revenue, operating expenses and net income, and financial condition can be adversely affected by unfavorable foreign currency fluctuations, especially the Euro, British pound sterling and Canadian dollar. In particular, because we derive a substantial proportion of our revenues from sales in Europe, the uncertainty regarding the ability of certain European countries to continue to service their sovereign debt obligations and related European financial restructuring efforts may cause fluctuations in the value of the Euro that could adversely affect our revenue growth and profit margins on sales outside of the United States, and thus impact our operating results (expressed in US dollars) in future periods. Further, the continued sovereign debt crisis in Europe could lead to increased counterparty risk with respect to financial institutions and other business partners, who are particularly vulnerable to the instability in certain European markets.

Volatility in the capital markets may adversely impact the value of our investments and could cause us to recognize significant impairment charges in our operating results.

Our portfolio of short-term investments and marketable equity securities is subject to volatility in the capital markets and to national and international economic conditions. In particular, our international investments can be subject to fluctuations in foreign currency and our short-term investments are susceptible to changes in short-term interest rates. These investments are also impacted by declines in value attributable to the credit-worthiness of the issuer. From time to time, we may liquidate some or all of our short-term investments or marketable equity securities to fund operational needs or other activities, such as capital expenditures, strategic investments or business acquisitions, or for other purposes. If we were to liquidate these short-term investments at a time when they were worth less than what we had originally purchased them for, or if the obligor were unable to pay the full amount at maturity, we could incur a significant loss. Similarly, we hold marketable equity securities, which have been and may continue to be adversely impacted by price and trading volume volatility in the public stock markets. We could be required to recognize impairment charges on the securities held by us and/or we may realize losses on the sale of these securities, all of which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We utilize debt financing and such indebtedness could adversely impact our business and financial condition.

In July 2011, we issued $632.5 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2016 (the “Notes”), resulting in debt service obligations on the Notes of approximately $5 million per year. In addition, in August 2012, we entered into an unsecured committed $500 million revolving credit facility. While the facility is currently undrawn, we may use the proceeds of any future borrowings for general corporate purposes. The credit facility contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants, including a maximum capitalization ratio and minimum liquidity requirements.

We intend to fulfill our debt service obligations from cash generated by our operations and from our existing cash and investments. We may enter into other financial instruments in the future.

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Our indebtedness could have significant negative consequences. For example, it could:

increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
limit our ability to obtain additional financing;
require the dedication of a substantial portion of any cash flow from operations to the payment of principal of, and interest on, our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of such cash flow to fund our growth strategy, working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes;
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry; and
place us at a competitive disadvantage relative to our competitors with less debt.

We may not have enough available cash or be able to arrange for financing to pay such principal amount at the time we are required to make purchases of the Notes or convert the Notes. In addition, we may be required to use funds that are domiciled in foreign tax jurisdictions in order to make the cash payments upon any purchase or conversion of the Notes. If we were to choose to use such funds, we would be required to accrue and pay additional taxes on any portion of the repatriation where no United States income tax had been previously provided.
The hedge transactions and warrant transactions entered into in connection with the Notes may affect the value of the Notes and our common stock. 
In connection with the offering of the Notes, we entered into privately-negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (the “Convertible Note Hedge”) with certain counterparties (“Options Counterparties”) to reduce the potential dilution with respect to our common stock upon conversion of the Notes. The Convertible Note Hedge covers, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Notes, the number of shares of common stock underlying the Notes. We also entered into separate, privately-negotiated warrant transactions with the certain counterparties whereby we sold to independent third parties warrants (the “Warrants”) with the Option Counterparties relating to the same number of shares of our common stock, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.

The effect, if any, of these activities, including the direction or magnitude, on the market price of our common stock will depend on a variety of factors, including market conditions, and cannot be ascertained at this time. Any of these activities could, however, adversely affect the market price of our common stock and the trading price of the Notes.

In addition, the Option Counterparties are financial institutions, and we will be subject to the risk that one or more of the Option Counterparties might default under the Convertible Note Hedge. Our exposure to the credit risk of the Option Counterparties will not be secured by any collateral. If any of the Option Counterparties becomes subject to insolvency proceedings, we will become an unsecured creditor in those proceedings with a claim equal to our exposure at the time under the Convertible Note Hedge with such option counterparty. Our exposure will depend on many factors but, generally, the increase in our exposure will be correlated to the increase in the market price and in the volatility of our common stock.
Changes in our tax rates or exposure to additional tax liabilities could adversely affect our earnings and financial condition.
We are subject to income taxes in the United States and in various foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes, and in the ordinary course of our business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain.
We are also required to estimate what our tax obligations will be in the future. Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, the estimation process and applicable laws are inherently uncertain, and our estimates are not binding on tax authorities. The tax laws’ treatment of software and Internet-based transactions is particularly uncertain and in some cases currently applicable tax laws are ill-suited to address these kinds of transactions. Apart from an adverse resolution of these uncertainties, our effective tax rate also could be adversely affected by our profit levels, by changes in our business or changes in our structure resulting from the reorganization of our business and operating structure, changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the elections we make, changes in applicable tax laws (in the United States or foreign jurisdictions), or changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, as well as other factors. Beginning in fiscal year 2009, we recorded a valuation allowance against most of our U.S. deferred tax assets. We expect to provide a valuation allowance on future U.S. tax benefits until we can sustain a level of profitability or until other significant positive evidence arises that suggest that these benefits are more likely than not to be realized. Further, our tax determinations are regularly subject to audit by tax authorities and developments in those audits could adversely affect our income tax provision. Should our ultimate tax liability exceed our estimates, our income tax provision and net income or loss could be materially affected.

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We incur certain tax expenses that do not decline proportionately with declines in our consolidated pre-tax income or loss. As a result, in absolute dollar terms, our tax expense will have a greater influence on our effective tax rate at lower levels of pre-tax income or loss than at higher levels. In addition, at lower levels of pre-tax income or loss, our effective tax rate will be more volatile.
We are also required to pay taxes other than income taxes, such as payroll, sales, use, value-added, net worth, property and goods and services taxes, in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions. We are regularly under examination by tax authorities with respect to these non-income taxes. There can be no assurance that the outcomes from these examinations, changes in our business or changes in applicable tax rules will not have an adverse effect on our earnings and financial condition.
Furthermore, as we expand our international operations, adopt new products and new distribution models, implement changes to our operating structure or undertake intercompany transactions in light of changing tax laws, expiring rulings, acquisitions and our current and anticipated business and operational requirements, our tax expense could increase.
Our reported financial results could be adversely affected by changes in financial accounting standards or by the application of existing or future accounting standards to our business as it evolves.
Our reported financial results are impacted by the accounting standards promulgated by the SEC and national accounting standards bodies and the methods, estimates, and judgments that we use in applying our accounting policies. For example, accounting standards affecting software revenue recognition have affected and could continue to significantly affect the way we account for revenue related to our products and services. We recognize all of the revenue from bundled sales (i.e., packaged goods video games that include updates on a when-and-if-available basis and an online service component) on a deferred basis over an estimated online service period, which we generally estimate to be six months beginning in the month after delivery. As we increase our downloadable content and add new features to our online service, our estimate of the online service period may change and we could be required to recognize revenue over a longer period of time.

As we enhance, expand and diversify our business and product offerings, the application of existing or future financial accounting standards, particularly those relating to the way we account for revenue and taxes, could have a significant adverse effect on our reported results although not necessarily on our cash flows.
We rely on business partners in many areas of our business and our business may be harmed if they are unable to honor their obligations to us.
We rely on various business partners, including third-party service providers, vendors, licensing partners, development partners, and licensees, among others, in many areas of our business. In many cases, these third parties are given access to sensitive and proprietary information in order to provide services and support to our teams. These third parties may misappropriate our information and engage in unauthorized use of it. The failure of these third parties to provide adequate services and technologies, or the failure of the third parties to adequately maintain or update their services and technologies, could result in a disruption to our business operations. Further, disruptions in the financial markets and economic downturns may adversely affect our business partners and they may not be able to continue honoring their obligations to us. Some of our business partners are highly-leveraged or small businesses that may be particularly vulnerable. Alternative arrangements and services may not be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or we may experience business interruptions upon a transition to an alternative partner or vendor. If we lose one or more significant business partners, our business could be harmed.
Our stock price has been volatile and may continue to fluctuate significantly.
The market price of our common stock historically has been, and we expect will continue to be, subject to significant fluctuations. These fluctuations may be due to factors specific to us (including those discussed in the risk factors above, as well as others not currently known to us or that we currently do not believe are material), to changes in securities analysts’ earnings estimates or ratings, to our results or future financial guidance falling below our expectations and analysts’ and investors’ expectations, to factors affecting the entertainment, computer, software, Internet, media or electronics industries, to our ability to successfully integrate any acquisitions we may make, or to national or international economic conditions. In particular, economic downturns may contribute to the public stock markets experiencing extreme price and trading volume volatility. These broad market fluctuations have and could continue to adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
In July 2012, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $500 million of our common stock. Our stock repurchases may be executed at market prices that may subsequently decline.


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Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
In February 2011, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $600 million of our common stock over the next 18 months. We completed our program in April 2012. We repurchased approximately 32 million shares in the open market since the commencement of the program, including pursuant to pre-arranged stock trading plan. During the three months ended June 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 4.3 million shares of our common stock for approximately $71 million.

In July 2012, our Board of Directors authorized a new program to repurchase up to $500 million of our common stock. Under the program, we may purchase stock in the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws, including pursuant to pre-arranged stock trading plans.  The timing and actual amount of the stock repurchases will depend on several factors including price, capital availability, regulatory requirements, alternative investment opportunities and other market conditions. We are not obligated to repurchase any specific number of shares under the program and the repurchase program may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. During the three months ended September 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 8.4 million shares of our common stock for approximately $108 million under this new program. We continue to actively repurchase shares under this program.

During the six months ended September 30, 2012, we repurchased and retired approximately 8.4 million shares of our common stock for approximately $179 million.
The following table summarizes the number of shares repurchased during the three months ended September 30, 2012: 
Period
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
 
Average Price
Paid per  Share
 
Total Number of
Shares  Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced
Program
 
Maximum Dollar
Value of Shares
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Program
(in millions)
August 1-31, 2012
4,377,789

 
$
12.53

 
4,377,789

 
$
445

September 1-30, 2012
4,054,804

 
$
13.13

 
4,054,804

 
$
392

 
8,432,593

 
 
 
8,432,593

 

 
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.

Item 6.
Exhibits
The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits on Page 70 are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this report.


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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
/s/ Blake Jorgensen
DATED:
 
Blake Jorgensen
November 6, 2012
 
Executive Vice President,
 
 
Chief Financial Officer


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ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2012
EXHIBIT INDEX
 
 
 
 
 
Incorporated by Reference
 
 
Number
  
Exhibit Title
  
Form
  
File No.
  
Filing Date
  
Filed
Herewith
10.1
 
Credit Agreement, dated August 30, 2012, by and among Electronic Arts Inc., the lenders from time to time party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent.
 
8-K
 
000-17948
 
8/30/2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15.1
  
Awareness Letter of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.1
  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.2
  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additional exhibits furnished with this report:
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.1
  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.2
  
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.INS
  
XBRL Instance Document.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.SCH
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.CAL
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.DEF
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.LAB
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.PRE
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
X
 
Attached as Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012 are the following formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (“XBRL”): (1) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (2) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (3) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (4) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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