Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED June 30, 2011
Commission File Number 1-34073
Huntington Bancshares Incorporated
     
Maryland   31-0724920
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
41 South High Street, Columbus, Ohio 43287
Registrant’s telephone number (614) 480-8300
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
             
Large accelerated filer þ   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o   Smaller reporting company o
        (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes þ No
There were 863,323,099 shares of Registrant’s common stock ($0.01 par value) outstanding on June 30, 2011.
 
 

 


 

HUNTINGTON BANCSHARES INCORPORATED
INDEX
         
       
 
       
    78  
 
       
    78  
 
       
    79  
 
       
    80  
 
       
    81  
 
       
    82  
 
       
    5  
 
       
    6  
 
       
    9  
 
       
       
 
       
    31  
 
       
    51  
 
       
    54  
 
       
    57  
 
       
    58  
 
       
    58  
 
       
    62  
 
       
    76  
 
       
    133  
 
       
    133  
 
       
       
 
       
    133  
 
       
    133  
 
       
    133  
 
       
    135  
 
       
 Exhibit 12.1
 Exhibit 12.2
 Exhibit 31.1
 Exhibit 31.2
 Exhibit 32.1
 Exhibit 32.2
 EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT
 EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
 EX-101 DEFINITION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

 

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Glossary of Acronyms and Terms
The following listing provides a comprehensive reference of common acronyms and terms used throughout the document:
     
2010 Form 10-K  
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010
ABL  
Asset Based Lending
ACL  
Allowance for Credit Losses
AFCRE  
Automobile Finance and Commercial Real Estate
ALCO  
Asset & Liability Management Committee
ALLL  
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
ARM  
Adjustable Rate Mortgage
ARRA  
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
ASC  
Accounting Standards Codification
ATM  
Automated Teller Machine
AULC  
Allowance for Unfunded Loan Commitments
AVM  
Automated Valuation Methodology
C&I  
Commercial and Industrial
CDARS  
Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service
CDO  
Collateralized Debt Obligations
CDs  
Certificates of Deposit
CFPB  
Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection
CMO  
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations
CPP  
Capital Purchase Program
CRE  
Commercial Real Estate
DDA  
Demand Deposit Account
DIF  
Deposit Insurance Fund
Dodd-Frank Act  
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
EESA  
Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
EPS  
Earnings Per Share
ERISA  
Employee Retirement Income Security Act
EVE  
Economic Value of Equity
FASB  
Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC  
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FDICIA  
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991
FFIEC  
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council
FHA  
Federal Housing Administration
FHFA  
Federal Housing Finance Agency
FHLB  
Federal Home Loan Bank
FHLMC  
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
FICA  
Federal Insurance Contributions Act
FICO  
Fair Isaac Corporation
FNMA  
Federal National Mortgage Association
Franklin  
Franklin Credit Management Corporation
FSP  
Financial Stability Plan
FTE  
Fully-Taxable Equivalent
FTP  
Funds Transfer Pricing
GAAP  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America

 

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GSIFI  
Globally Systemically Important Financial Institution
GSE  
Government Sponsored Enterprise
HASP  
Homeowner Affordability and Stability Plan
HCER Act  
Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010
IPO  
Initial Public Offering
IRS  
Internal Revenue Service
ISE  
Interest Sensitive Earnings
LIBOR  
London Interbank Offered Rate
LTV  
Loan to Value
MD&A  
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MRC  
Market Risk Committee
MSR  
Mortgage Servicing Rights
NALs  
Nonaccrual Loans
NAV  
Net Asset Value
NCO  
Net Charge-off
NPAs  
Nonperforming Assets
NSF / OD  
Nonsufficient Funds and Overdraft
OCC  
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
OCI  
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
OCR  
Optimal Customer Relationship
OLEM  
Other Loans Especially Mentioned
OREO  
Other Real Estate Owned
OTTI  
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
Plan  
Huntington Bancshares Retirement Plan
Reg E  
Regulation E, of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act
REIT  
Real Estate Investment Trust
SAD  
Special Assets Division
SBA  
Small Business Administration
SEC  
Securities and Exchange Commission
SERP  
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
SIFIs  
Systemically Important Financial Institutions
Sky Financial  
Sky Financial Group, Inc.
SRIP  
Supplemental Retirement Income Plan
Sky Trust  
Sky Bank and Sky Trust, National Association
TAGP  
Transaction Account Guarantee Program
TARP  
Troubled Asset Relief Program
TARP Capital  
Series B Preferred Stock
TCE  
Tangible Common Equity
TDR  
Troubled Debt Restructured Loan
TLGP  
Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program
Treasury  
U.S. Department of the Treasury
UCS  
Uniform Classification System
Unizan  
Unizan Financial Corp.
UPB  
Unpaid Principal Balance
USDA  
U.S. Department of Agriculture
VA  
U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs
VIE  
Variable Interest Entity
WGH  
Wealth Advisors, Government Finance, and Home Lending

 

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
When we refer to “we,” “our,” and “us” in this report, we mean Huntington Bancshares Incorporated and our consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates that we refer only to the parent company, Huntington Bancshares Incorporated. When we refer to the “Bank” in this report, we mean our only bank subsidiary, The Huntington National Bank, and its subsidiaries.
Item 2:   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
INTRODUCTION
We are a multi-state diversified regional bank holding company organized under Maryland law in 1966 and headquartered in Columbus, Ohio. Through the Bank, we have 145 years of servicing the financial needs of our customers. Through our subsidiaries, we provide full-service commercial and consumer banking services, mortgage banking services, automobile financing, equipment leasing, investment management, trust services, brokerage services, customized insurance service programs, and other financial products and services. Our over 600 banking offices are located in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Selected financial services and other activities are also conducted in various other states. International banking services are available through the headquarters office in Columbus, Ohio and a limited purpose office located in the Cayman Islands and another limited purpose office located in Hong Kong. Our foreign banking activities, in total or with any individual country, are not significant.
This MD&A provides information we believe necessary for understanding our financial condition, changes in financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. The MD&A included in our 2010 Form 10-K should be read in conjunction with this MD&A as this discussion provides only material updates to the 2010 Form 10-K. This MD&A should also be read in conjunction with the financial statements, notes and other information contained in this report.
Our discussion is divided into key segments:
    Executive Overview - Provides a summary of our current financial performance, and business overview, including our thoughts on the impact of the economy, legislative and regulatory initiatives, and recent industry developments. This section also provides our outlook regarding our expectations for the remainder of 2011.
    Discussion of Results of Operations - Reviews financial performance from a consolidated Company perspective. It also includes a Significant Items section that summarizes key issues helpful for understanding performance trends. Key consolidated average balance sheet and income statement trends are also discussed in this section.
    Risk Management and Capital - Discusses credit, market, liquidity, operational, and compliance risks, including how these are managed, as well as performance trends. It also includes a discussion of liquidity policies, how we obtain funding, and related performance. In addition, there is a discussion of guarantees and / or commitments made for items such as standby letters of credit and commitments to sell loans, and a discussion that reviews the adequacy of capital, including regulatory capital requirements.
    Business Segment Discussion - Provides an overview of financial performance for each of our major business segments and provides additional discussion of trends underlying consolidated financial performance.
    Additional Disclosures - Provides comments on important matters including forward-looking statements, critical accounting policies and use of significant estimates, recent accounting pronouncements and developments, and acquisitions.
A reading of each section is important to understand fully the nature of our financial performance and prospects.

 

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EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
Summary of 2011 Second Quarter Results
For the quarter, we reported net income of $145.9 million, or $0.16 per common share, compared with $126.4 million, or $0.14 per common share, in the prior quarter (see Table 1).
Fully-taxable equivalent net interest income was $407.2 million for the quarter, down $1.1 million, or less than 1%, from the prior quarter. The decline primarily reflected a 1% (3% annualized) decrease in average earning assets and a 2 basis point decline in the fully-taxable equivalent net interest margin to 3.40% from 3.42%.
The provision for credit losses in the 2011 second quarter was $35.8 million, down $13.6 million, or 28% from the prior quarter. The decline in provision expense reflected a combination of lower NCOs and the reduction of Criticized loans throughout the entire loan and lease portfolio. The reduction in Criticized loans reflected the resolution of problem credits for which reserves had previously been established. The current quarter’s provision for credit losses was $61.7 million less than total NCOs.
Total noninterest income increased $18.8 million, or 8%, from the prior quarter. This reflected an increase in other income due to higher market related gains and capital markets income, service charges on deposit accounts due to higher NSF / OD fees, electronic banking reflecting higher activity levels, and bank owned life insurance income.
Total noninterest expense declined $2.3 million, or 1%, from the prior quarter. This reflected a decrease in other expense due to the prior quarter’s additions to litigation reserves. Partially offsetting this decline were increases in professional services for costs supporting regulatory and litigation efforts, deposit and other insurance, outside data processing and other services due to higher appraisal costs and system upgrade expenses, and marketing expense reflecting higher advertising costs.
Credit quality performance in the 2011 second quarter reflected continued improvement in the overall loan portfolio. NCOs and nonaccrual loans declined 41% and 3%, respectively, from the prior quarter. The NAL, NPA and Criticized asset ratios all showed continued improvement in the quarter. The ALLL and ACL coverage ratios fell slightly to 2.74% and 2.84%, from 2.96% and 3.07%, respectively, but remain sufficient and appropriate. NPAs fell by 5% in the quarter.
On July 21, 2011, we announced that our board of directors had declared a quarterly common stock cash dividend of $0.04 per common share, up from the prior quarterly dividend of $0.01. The dividend is payable on October 3, 2011, to shareholders of record on September 19, 2011. We are very pleased that our financial strength and performance have improved to the point that enabled us to take this action.
Business Overview
General
Our general business objectives are: (1) grow revenue and profitability, (2) improve cross-sell and share-of-wallet across all business segments, (3) grow key fee businesses (existing and new), (4) improve credit quality, including lower NCOs and NALs, (5) reduce noncore CRE exposure, and (6) continue to improve our overall management of risk.
Throughout last year, and continuing into this year, we are taking advantage of what we view as an opportunity to make significant investments in strategic initiatives to position us for more profitable and sustainable long-term growth. This includes implementing our “Fair Play” banking philosophy value proposition for our consumer customers, increasing share-of-wallet, investing in expanding existing business, and launching new businesses.
Our emphasis on cross-sell, coupled with consumer customers increasingly being attracted by the benefits offered through our “Fair Play” banking philosophy, with programs such as 24-Hour Grace® on overdrafts and more recently the launch of Asterisk-Free Checking™ and Huntington Plus Checking™, is having a positive effect. The percentage of consumer households with over four products at the end of the 2011 second quarter was 71.3%, up from 69.4% at the end of last year. And for the first half of this year, consumer checking account households grew at a 9.9% annualized rate, up from 6.8% for full year 2010.

 

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Economy
Borrower and consumer confidence and the sustainability of the slow economic recovery remain major factors impacting growth opportunities for the remainder of 2011. Unfortunately, during the first half of 2011, a number of issues have emerged that could negatively impact the recovery. These additional risks include the U.S. debt ceiling discussions, the budget issues in local governments, and the continued economic and political instability in Europe as well as the political instability in the Middle East with its ramifications on the cost of oil translating to higher gas prices. In addition, above average office vacancy rates in large metropolitan areas indicate the possibility for some continued softness in commercial real estate in 2011. Within our footprint states of Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia, real estate has generally remained weak, in line with national trends, reflecting capacity overhang created by weakness in economic growth prior to the recovery. However, there are some signs that our footprint states have been experiencing cyclical recovery in line with, and in certain instances stronger than, the national average. They include:
    From January 2009 through May 2011, an increase in total payroll for all footprint states, with all but West Virginia (one of our smaller regions) exceeding the national average.
    Manufacturing that is expected to continue to improve, although near-term weakness is likely as a result of the negative impact of high energy prices on demand and supply bottlenecks created by the crisis in Japan.
    From May 2010 to May 2011, unemployment rates declined for all of our footprint states.
    Since its low in January 2009, exports have grown faster than the U.S. average in all footprint states except Kentucky.
    State and local fiscal conditions will likely remain tight in the next year, although rising tax revenue should gradually reduce strains.
For now, we continue to believe the economy is likely to remain fragile and not show much growth throughout the remainder of 2011.
Legislative and Regulatory
Regulatory reforms continue to be adopted which impose additional restrictions on current business practices. Recent actions affecting us included an amendment to Reg E relating to certain overdraft fees for consumer deposit accounts and the rules and regulations that have been issued pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act.
Durbin Amendment — The Durbin Amendment to the Dodd-Frank Act instructed the Federal Reserve to establish the rate merchants pay banks for electronic clearing of debit card transactions (i.e., the interchange rate). The Federal Reserve recently issued its final rule establishing standards for debit card interchange fees and prohibiting network exclusivity arrangements and routing restrictions. The final rule establishes standards for assessing whether debit card interchange fees received by debit card issuers are reasonable and proportional to the costs incurred by issuers for electronic debit transactions. Under the final rule, the maximum permissible interchange fee that an issuer may receive for an electronic debit transaction will be the sum of 21 cents per transaction, 1 cent fraud prevention adjustment, and 5 basis points multiplied by the value of the transaction. This provision regarding debit card interchange fees will become effective on October 1, 2011. Based on the final rule, we expect our 2011 fourth quarter electronic banking income to decline from the 2011 second quarter level by approximately 50%.
Recent Industry Developments
Foreclosure Documentation — On June 30, 2011, the OCC issued OCC Bulletin 2011-29 clarifying their expectations for the oversight and management of mortgage foreclosure activities by national banks and directing national banks to perform a self-assessment no later than September 30, 2011. We believe that, with the self-assessments Huntington has performed and is currently performing, we are in compliance with the OCC expectation for self-assessment.
Mortgage Servicing Rights — MSR fair values are estimated based on residential mortgage servicing revenue in excess of estimated market costs to service the underlying loans. Historically, the estimated market cost to service has been stable. Due to changes in the regulatory environment related to loan servicing and foreclosure activities, costs to service may potentially increase, however the potential impact on the market costs to service remains uncertain. Certain large residential mortgage loan servicers entered into consent orders with banking regulators in April 2011, which require the banks to remedy deficiencies and unsafe or unsound practices and to enhance residential mortgage servicing and foreclosure processes. It is unclear what impact this may ultimately have on market costs to service. At June 30, 2011, we estimated a 25% increase to our loan servicing market cost assumption would result in a fair value impairment charge of approximately $8.3 million.
Representation and Warranty Reserve —We primarily conduct our loan sale and securitization activity with FNMA and FHLMC. In connection with these and other sale and securitization transactions, we make representations and warranties that the loans meet certain criteria, such as collateral type and underwriting standards. We may be required to repurchase individual loans and / or indemnify these organizations against losses due to material breaches of these representations and warranties. At June 30, 2011, we had a reserve for such losses of $24.5 million, which is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities.

 

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Expectations
The lack of prospects for meaningful economic improvement, higher interest rates, and wider spreads between short-term and long-term interest rates over the remainder of this year is a challenge. Further, borrower and consumer confidence remain fragile. And while we now have clarity on the amount and timing of the pending reduction in debit card interchange fees, this nevertheless represents a reduction in fee income. All of these combined represent meaningful revenue growth headwinds.
Net income is expected to grow from the current quarter level throughout the rest of the year, primarily reflecting modest revenue growth and disciplined expense control.
We believe the momentum we are seeing in loan and low cost deposit growth will continue. This, coupled with a stable net interest margin, is expected to contribute to modest growth in net interest income. Our C&I portfolio is expected to continue to show meaningful growth. We believe period-end balances in our C&I and automobile loan portfolios position us for continued growth in average balances for these portfolios as we head into the third quarter.
We anticipate our total core deposits will increase, reflecting continued growth in consumer households and business relationships. Further, we expect the shift toward lower-cost noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing demand deposit accounts will continue.
Noninterest income is expected to grow modestly in the 2011 second half. The primary driver is expected to be service charge income as the benefits from our “Fair Play” banking philosophy continue to gain momentum commensurate with consumer household growth and increased product penetration. Mortgage banking income will likely show only modest, if any, growth throughout the second half of the year. As described above, electronic banking income in the fourth quarter is expected to decline by approximately 50% as the new interchange fee structure will be implemented October 1, 2011. We also expect to see continued growth in the earnings contribution from other key fee income activities including capital markets, treasury management services, and brokerage, reflecting the impact of our cross-sell and product penetration initiatives throughout the company, as well as the positive impact from strategic initiatives.
In addition, expense levels are expected to remain relatively stable.
Nonaccrual loans and net charge-offs are expected to continue to decline throughout the year.
We anticipate the effective tax rate for the remainder of the year to approximate 35% of income before income taxes less approximately $40.0 million of permanent tax differences over the remainder of 2011 primarily related to tax-exempt income, tax-advantaged investments, and general business credits.

 

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DISCUSSION OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This section provides a review of financial performance from a consolidated perspective. It also includes a “Significant Items” section that summarizes key issues important for a complete understanding of performance trends. Key Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and Statement of Income trends are discussed. All earnings per share data are reported on a diluted basis. For additional insight on financial performance, please read this section in conjunction with the “Business Segment Discussion.”

 

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Table 1 — Selected Quarterly Income Statement Data (1)
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
Interest income
  $ 492,137     $ 501,877     $ 528,291     $ 534,669     $ 535,653  
Interest expense
    88,800       97,547       112,997       124,707       135,997  
 
                             
Net interest income
    403,337       404,330       415,294       409,962       399,656  
Provision for credit losses
    35,797       49,385       86,973       119,160       193,406  
 
                             
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    367,540       354,945       328,321       290,802       206,250  
 
                             
Service charges on deposit accounts
    60,675       54,324       55,810       65,932       75,934  
Mortgage banking income
    23,835       22,684       53,169       52,045       45,530  
Trust services
    30,392       30,742       29,394       26,997       28,399  
Electronic banking
    31,728       28,786       28,900       28,090       28,107  
Insurance income
    16,399       17,945       19,678       19,801       18,074  
Brokerage income
    20,819       20,511       16,953       16,575       18,425  
Bank owned life insurance income
    17,602       14,819       16,113       14,091       14,392  
Automobile operating lease income
    7,307       8,847       10,463       11,356       11,842  
Securities gains (losses)
    1,507       40       (103 )     (296 )     156  
Other income
    45,503       38,247       33,843       32,552       28,784  
 
                             
Total noninterest income
    255,767       236,945       264,220       267,143       269,643  
 
                             
Personnel costs
    218,570       219,028       212,184       208,272       194,875  
Outside data processing and other services
    43,889       40,282       40,943       38,553       40,670  
Net occupancy
    26,885       28,436       26,670       26,718       25,388  
Deposit and other insurance expense
    23,823       17,896       23,320       23,406       26,067  
Professional services
    20,080       13,465       21,021       20,672       24,388  
Equipment
    21,921       22,477       22,060       21,651       21,585  
Marketing
    20,102       16,895       16,168       20,921       17,682  
Amortization of intangibles
    13,386       13,370       15,046       15,145       15,141  
OREO and foreclosure expense
    4,398       3,931       10,502       12,047       4,970  
Automobile operating lease expense
    5,434       6,836       8,142       9,159       9,667  
Other expense
    29,921       48,083       38,537       30,765       33,377  
 
                             
Total noninterest expense
    428,409       430,699       434,593       427,309       413,810  
 
                             
Income before income taxes
    194,898       161,191       157,948       130,636       62,083  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    48,980       34,745       35,048       29,690       13,319  
 
                             
Net income
  $ 145,918     $ 126,446     $ 122,900     $ 100,946     $ 48,764  
 
                             
Dividends on preferred shares
    7,704       7,703       83,754       29,495       29,426  
 
                             
Net income applicable to common shares
  $ 138,214     $ 118,743     $ 39,146     $ 71,451     $ 19,338  
 
                             
Average common shares — basic
    863,358       863,359       757,924       716,911       716,580  
Average common shares — diluted (2)
    867,469       867,237       760,582       719,567       719,387  
Net income per common share — basic
  $ 0.16     $ 0.14     $ 0.05     $ 0.10     $ 0.03  
Net income per common share — diluted
    0.16       0.14       0.05       0.10       0.03  
Cash dividends declared per common share
    0.01       0.01       0.01       0.01       0.01  
Return on average total assets
    1.11 %     0.96 %     0.90 %     0.76 %     0.38 %
Return on average common shareholders’ equity
    11.6       10.3       3.8       7.4       2.1  
Return on average tangible common shareholders’ equity (3)
    13.3       12.7       5.6       10.0       3.8  
Net interest margin (4)
    3.40       3.42       3.37       3.45       3.46  
Efficiency ratio (5)
    62.7       64.7       61.4       60.6       59.4  
Effective tax rate
    25.1       21.6       22.2       22.7       21.5  
 
Revenue — FTE
                                       
Net interest income
  $ 403,337     $ 404,330     $ 415,294     $ 409,962     $ 399,656  
FTE adjustment
    3,834       3,945       3,708       2,631       2,490  
 
                             
Net interest income (4)
    407,171       408,275       419,002       412,593       402,146  
Noninterest income
    255,767       236,945       264,220       267,143       269,643  
 
                             
Total revenue (4)
  $ 662,938     $ 645,220     $ 683,222     $ 679,736     $ 671,789  
 
                             

 

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(1)   Comparisons for presented periods are impacted by a number of factors. Refer to Significant Items.
 
(2)   For periods presented prior to their repurchase, the impact of the convertible preferred stock issued in 2008 and the warrants issued to the U.S. Department of the Treasury in 2008 related to Huntington’s participation in the voluntary Capital Purchase Program was excluded from the diluted share calculation because the result was more than basic earnings per common share (anti-dilutive) for those periods. The convertible preferred stock and warrants were repurchased in December 2010 and January 2011, respectively.
 
(3)   Net income excluding expense for amortization of intangibles for the period divided by average tangible common shareholders’ equity. Average tangible common shareholders’ equity equals average total common shareholders’ equity less average intangible assets and goodwill. Expense for amortization of intangibles and average intangible assets are net of deferred tax liability, and calculated assuming a 35% tax rate.
 
(4)   On a fully-taxable equivalent (FTE) basis assuming a 35% tax rate.
 
(5)   Noninterest expense less amortization of intangibles and goodwill impairment divided by the sum of FTE net interest income and noninterest income excluding securities gains (losses).

 

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Table 2 — Selected Year to Date Income Statement Data(1)
                                 
    Six Months Ended June 30,     Change  
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent  
Interest income
  $ 994,014     $ 1,082,432     $ (88,418 )     (8) %
Interest expense
    186,347       288,883       (102,536 )     (35 )
 
                       
Net interest income
    807,667       793,549       14,118       2  
Provision for credit losses
    85,182       428,414       (343,232 )     (80 )
 
                       
Net interest income after provision for credit losses
    722,485       365,135       357,350       98  
 
                       
Service charges on deposit accounts
    114,999       145,273       (30,274 )     (21 )
Mortgage banking income
    46,519       70,568       (24,049 )     (34 )
Trust services
    61,134       56,164       4,970       9  
Electronic banking
    60,514       53,244       7,270       14  
Insurance income
    34,344       36,934       (2,590 )     (7 )
Brokerage income
    41,330       35,327       6,003       17  
Bank owned life insurance income
    32,421       30,862       1,559       5  
Automobile operating lease income
    16,154       24,145       (7,991 )     (33 )
Securities gains
    1,547       125       1,422       1,138  
Other income
    83,750       57,853       25,897       45  
 
                       
Total noninterest income
    492,712       510,495       (17,783 )     (3 )
 
                       
Personnel costs
    437,598       378,517       59,081       16  
Outside data processing and other services
    84,171       79,752       4,419       6  
Net occupancy
    55,321       54,474       847       2  
Deposit and other insurance expense
    41,719       50,822       (9,103 )     (18 )
Professional services
    33,545       47,085       (13,540 )     (29 )
Equipment
    44,398       42,209       2,189       5  
Marketing
    36,997       28,835       8,162       28  
Amortization of intangibles
    26,756       30,287       (3,531 )     (12 )
OREO and foreclosure expense
    8,329       16,500       (8,171 )     (50 )
Automobile operating lease expense
    12,270       19,733       (7,463 )     (38 )
Other expense
    78,004       63,689       14,315       22  
 
                       
Total noninterest expense
    859,108       811,903       47,205       6  
 
                       
Income before income taxes
    356,089       63,727       292,362       459  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    83,725       (24,774 )     108,499       N.R.  
 
                       
Net income
  $ 272,364     $ 88,501     $ 183,863       208 %
 
                       
Dividends declared on preferred shares
    15,407       58,783       (43,376 )     (74 )
 
                       
Net income applicable to common shares
  $ 256,957     $ 29,718     $ 227,239       765 %
 
                       
Average common shares — basic
    863,358       716,450       146,908       21 %
Average common shares — diluted (2)
    867,353       718,990       148,363       21  
Per common share
                               
Net income per common share — basic
  $ 0.30     $ 0.04     $ 0.26       650 %
Net income per common share — diluted
    0.30       0.04       0.26       650  
Cash dividends declared
    0.02       0.02              
Return on average total assets
    1.03 %     0.35 %     0.68 %     194 %
Return on average common shareholders’ equity
    11.0       1.6       9.4       588  
Return on average tangible common shareholders’ equity (3)
    13.4       3.2       10.2       319  
Net interest margin (4)
    3.41       3.47       (0.06 )     (2 )
Efficiency ratio (5)
    63.7       59.7       4.0       7  
Effective tax rate (benefit)
    23.5       (38.9 )     62.4       N.R.  
 
Revenue — FTE
                               
Net interest income
  $ 807,667     $ 793,549     $ 14,118       2 %
FTE adjustment
    7,779       4,738       3,041       64  
 
                       
Net interest income (4)
    815,446       798,287       17,159       2  
Noninterest income
    492,712       510,495       (17,783 )     (3 )
 
                       
Total revenue (4)
  $ 1,308,158     $ 1,308,782     $ (624 )     %
 
                       
N.R. — Not relevant, as denominator of calculation is a loss in prior period compared with income in current period.
(1)   Comparisons for presented periods are impacted by a number of factors. Refer to Significant Items.

 

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(2)   For all periods presented, the impact of the convertible preferred stock issued in 2008 and the warrants issued to the U.S. Department of the Treasury in 2008 related to Huntington’s participation in the voluntary Capital Purchase Program was excluded from the diluted share calculation because the result was more than basic earnings per common share (anti-dilutive) for the periods. The convertible preferred stock and warrants were repurchased in December 2010 and January 2011, respectively.
 
(3)   Net income excluding expense for amortization of intangibles for the period divided by average tangible common shareholders’ equity. Average tangible common shareholders’ equity equals average total common shareholders’ equity less average intangible assets and goodwill. Expense for amortization of intangibles and average intangible assets are net of deferred tax liability, and calculated assuming a 35% tax rate.
 
(4)   On a fully-taxable equivalent (FTE) basis assuming a 35% tax rate.
 
(5)   Noninterest expense less amortization of intangibles and goodwill impairment divided by the sum of FTE net interest income and noninterest income excluding securities gains (losses).
Significant Items
Definition of Significant Items
From time-to-time, revenue, expenses, or taxes, are impacted by items judged by us to be outside of ordinary banking activities and / or by items that, while they may be associated with ordinary banking activities, are so unusually large that their outsized impact is believed by us at that time to be infrequent or short-term in nature. We refer to such items as Significant Items. Most often, these Significant Items result from factors originating outside the Company; e.g., regulatory actions / assessments, windfall gains, changes in accounting principles, one-time tax assessments / refunds, litigation actions, etc. In other cases, they may result from our decisions associated with significant corporate actions out of the ordinary course of business; e.g., merger / restructuring charges, recapitalization actions, goodwill impairment, etc.
Even though certain revenue and expense items are naturally subject to more volatility than others due to changes in market and economic environment conditions, as a general rule volatility alone does not define a Significant Item. For example, changes in the provision for credit losses, gains / losses from investment activities, asset valuation writedowns, etc., reflect ordinary banking activities and are, therefore, typically excluded from consideration as a Significant Item.
We believe the disclosure of Significant Items provides a better understanding of our performance and trends to ascertain which of such items, if any, to include or exclude from an analysis of our performance; i.e., within the context of determining how that performance differed from expectations, as well as how, if at all, to adjust estimates of future performance accordingly. To this end, we adopted a practice of listing Significant Items in our external disclosure documents (e.g., earnings press releases, investor presentations, Forms 10-Q and 10-K).
Significant Items for any particular period are not intended to be a complete list of items that may materially impact current or future period performance.
Significant Items Influencing Financial Performance Comparisons
Earnings comparisons were impacted by the Significant Items summarized below.
  1.   Litigation Reserve. During the 2011 first quarter, $17.0 million of additions to litigation reserves were recorded as other noninterest expense. This resulted in a negative impact of $0.01 per common share.
  2.   Franklin Relationship. Our relationship with Franklin was acquired in the Sky Financial acquisition in 2007. Significant events relating to this relationship following the acquisition, and the impacts of those events on our reported results were as follows:
    On March 31, 2009, we restructured our relationship with Franklin. During the 2010 first quarter, a $38.2 million ($0.05 per common share) net tax benefit was recognized, primarily reflecting the increase in the net deferred tax asset relating to the assets acquired from the March 31, 2009 restructuring.
    During the 2010 second quarter, the remaining portfolio of Franklin-related loans ($333.0 million of residential mortgages, and $64.7 million of home equity loans) was transferred to loans held for sale. At the time of the transfer, the loans were marked to the lower of cost or fair value, less costs to sell, of $323.4 million, resulting in $75.5 million of charge-offs, and the provision for credit losses commensurately increased $75.5 million ($0.07 per common share).

 

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The following table reflects the earnings impact of the above-mentioned significant items for periods affected by this Results of Operations discussion:
Table 3 — Significant Items Influencing Earnings Performance Comparison
                                                 
    Three Months Ended  
    June 30, 2011     March 31, 2011     June 30, 2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)   After-tax     EPS     After-tax     EPS     After-tax     EPS  
Net income
  $ 145,918             $ 126,446             $ 48,764          
Earnings per share, after-tax
          $ 0.16             $ 0.14             $ 0.03  
Change from prior quarter — $
            0.02               0.09               0.02  
Change from prior quarter — %
            14.3 %             180.0 %             200.0 %
 
             
Change from year-ago — $
          $ 0.13             $ 0.13             $ 0.43  
Change from year-ago — %
            433 %             1,300 %             (107.5 )%
 
                                               
 
             
Significant Items — favorable (unfavorable) impact:
  Earnings (1)   EPS   Earnings (1)   EPS   Earnings (1)   EPS
 
                                   
Franklin-related loans transferred to held for sale
  $     $     $     $     $ (75,500 )   $ (0.07 )
Litigation reserves addition
                (17,028 )     (0.01 )            
(1)   Pretax unless otherwise noted.
                                 
    Six Months Ended  
    June 30, 2011     June 30, 2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   After-tax     EPS     After-tax     EPS  
Net income
  $ 272,364             $ 88,501          
Earnings per share, after-tax
          $ 0.30             $ 0.04  
Change from a year-ago — $
            0.26               6.51  
Change from a year-ago — %
            650 %             101 %
 
                               
 
             
Significant Items — favorable (unfavorable) impact:
  Earnings (1)   EPS   Earnings (1)   EPS
 
                       
 
                               
Franklin-related loans transferred to held for sale
  $     $     $ (75,500 )   $ (0.07 )
Net tax benefit recognized (2)
                38,222       0.05  
Litigation reserves addition
    (17,028 )     (0.01 )            
(1)   Pretax unless otherwise noted.
 
(2)   After-tax.
Pretax, Pre-provision Income Trends
One non-GAAP performance measurement that we believe is useful in analyzing our underlying performance trends is pretax, pre-provision income. This is the level of pretax earnings adjusted to exclude the impact of: (a) provision expense, (b) investment securities gains/losses, which are excluded because securities market valuations may become particularly volatile in times of economic stress, (c) amortization of intangibles expense, which is excluded because the return on tangible common equity is a key measurement we use to gauge performance trends, and (d) certain other items identified by us (see Significant Items) that we believe may distort our underlying performance trends.

 

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The following table reflects pretax, pre-provision income for each of the past five quarters:
Table 4 — Pretax, Pre-provision Income (1)
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
 
                                       
Income before income taxes
  $ 194,898     $ 161,191     $ 157,948     $ 130,636     $ 62,083  
 
                                       
Add: Provision for credit losses
    35,797       49,385       86,973       119,160       193,406  
Less: Securities gains (losses)
    1,507       40       (103 )     (296 )     156  
Add: Amortization of intangibles
    13,386       13,370       15,046       15,145       15,141  
Less: Litigation reserves addition
          (17,028 )                  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total pretax, pre-provision income
  $ 242,574     $ 240,934     $ 260,070     $ 265,237     $ 270,474  
 
                             
 
                                       
Change in total pretax, pre-provision income:
                                       
Prior quarter change — amount
  $ 1,640     $ (19,136 )   $ (5,167 )   $ (5,237 )   $ 18,645  
Prior quarter change — percent
    1 %     (7 )%     (2 )%     (2 )%     7 %
(1)   Pretax, pre-provision income is a non-GAAP financial measure. Any ratio utilizing this financial measure is also non-GAAP. This financial measure has been included as it is considered to be an important metric with which to analyze and evaluate our results of operations and financial strength. Other companies may calculate this financial measure differently.
Pretax, pre-provision income was $242.6 million in the 2011 second quarter, up $1.6 million, or 1%, from the prior quarter. As discussed in the sections that follow, the increase from the prior quarter primarily reflected higher revenue partially offset by higher noninterest expense after consideration of the prior quarter Significant Item.
Net Interest Income / Average Balance Sheet
2011 Second Quarter versus 2010 Second Quarter
Fully-taxable equivalent net interest income increased $5.0 million, or 1%, from the year-ago quarter. This reflected the benefit of a $1.4 billion, or 3%, increase in average earning assets and a 6 basis points decline in the FTE net interest margin. The increase in average earning assets reflected a combination of factors including:
    $1.4 billion, or 4%, increase in average total loans and leases.
    $0.3 billion, or 3%, increase in average total available-for-sale and other securities and held-to-maturity securities.
The 6 basis points decline in the FTE net interest margin reflected a reduction in derivatives income, lower loan and securities yields, partially offset by the positive impacts of increases in low cost deposits and improved deposit pricing.

 

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The following table details the change in our average loans and leases and deposits:
Table 5 — Average Loans/Leases and Deposits — 2011 Second Quarter vs. 2010 Second Quarter
                                 
    Second Quarter     Change  
(dollar amounts in millions)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent  
Loans/Leases
                               
Commercial and industrial
  $ 13,370     $ 12,244     $ 1,126       9 %
Commercial real estate
    6,233       7,364       (1,131 )     (15 )
 
                       
Total commercial
    19,603       19,608       (5 )      
Automobile
    5,954       4,634       1,320       28  
Home equity
    7,874       7,544       330       4  
Residential mortgage
    4,566       4,608       (42 )     (1 )
Other loans
    538       695       (157 )     (23 )
 
                       
Total consumer
    18,932       17,481       1,451       8  
 
                       
Total loans and leases
  $ 38,535     $ 37,089     $ 1,446       4 %
 
                       
 
                               
Deposits
                               
Demand deposits — noninterest-bearing
  $ 7,806     $ 6,849     $ 957       14 %
Demand deposits — interest-bearing
    5,565       5,971       (406 )     (7 )
Money market deposits
    12,879       11,103       1,776       16  
Savings and other domestic time deposits
    4,778       4,677       101       2  
Core certificates of deposit
    8,079       9,199       (1,120 )     (12 )
 
                       
Total core deposits
    39,107       37,799       1,308       3  
Other deposits
    2,147       2,568       (421 )     (16 )
 
                       
Total deposits
  $ 41,254     $ 40,367     $ 887       2 %
 
                       
The $1.4 billion, or 4%, increase in average total loans and leases primarily reflected:
    $1.3 billion, or 28%, increase in the average automobile portfolio. Automobile lending is a core competency and continued area of growth. The growth from the year-ago quarter exhibited further penetration within our historical geographic footprint, as well as the positive impact of our expansion into Eastern Pennsylvania and selected New England states. Origination quality remained high.
    $1.1 billion, or 9%, increase in the average C&I portfolio. Growth from the year-ago quarter reflected the benefits from our strategic initiatives including large corporate, asset based lending, automobile floor plan lending, and equipment finance. In addition, traditional middle-market loans continued to grow despite line utilization rates that remained well below historical norms.
    $0.3 billion, or 4%, increase in average home equity portfolio, reflecting continued slower runoff due to the low interest rate environment.
Partially offset by:
    $1.1 billion, or 15%, decrease in average CRE loans reflecting the continued execution of our plan to reduce the CRE exposure, primarily in the noncore CRE segment. This reduction is expected to continue through 2011, reflecting normal amortization, paydowns, refinancing, and restructures.
The $0.9 billion, or 2%, increase in average total deposits from the year-ago quarter reflected:
    $1.3 billion, or 3%, growth in average total core deposits. The drivers of this change were a $1.8 billion, or 16%, growth in average money market deposits, and a $1.0 billion, or 14%, growth in average noninterest-bearing demand deposits. These increases were partially offset by a $1.1 billion, or 12%, decline in average core certificates of deposit and a $0.4 billion, or 7%, decrease in average interest-bearing demand deposits.
Partially offset by:
    $0.4 billion, or 16%, decline in other deposits including a $0.2 billion, or 11%, decline in average brokered deposits and negotiable CDs, and a $0.2 billion, or 29%, decrease in other domestic deposits of $250,000 or more, which reflected a strategy of reducing such noncore funding.

 

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2011 Second Quarter versus 2011 First Quarter
FTE net interest income decreased $1.1 million, or less than 1%, from the 2011 first quarter. This reflected a 1% (3% annualized) decrease in average earning assets and a decrease in the FTE net interest margin to 3.40% from 3.42%. The decrease in average earning assets reflected a combination of factors including:
    $0.5 billion, or 5% (22% annualized), decrease in average available-for-sale and other and held-to-maturity securities given the low level of interest rates and the incremental cost to grow interest-bearing deposits. Certain higher cost deposits were allowed to mature without replacement, resulting in a reduction to the securities portfolio.
    $0.2 billion decline in loans held for sale as our mortgage pipeline slowed considerably during the current quarter and sales of prior originations were completed.
The 2 basis points decline in the FTE net interest margin reflected a reduction in derivatives income and lower loan yields, partially offset by the positive impact of increases in low cost deposits and improved deposit pricing.
The following table details the change in our average loans / leases and deposits:
Table 6 — Average Loans/Leases and Deposits — 2011 Second Quarter vs. 2011 First Quarter
                                 
    2011     Change  
(dollar amounts in millions)   Second Quarter     First Quarter     Amount     Percent  
Loans/Leases
                               
Commercial and industrial
  $ 13,370     $ 13,121     $ 249       2 %
Commercial real estate
    6,233       6,524       (291 )     (4 )
 
                       
Total commercial
    19,603       19,645       (42 )      
Automobile
    5,954       5,701       253       4  
Home equity
    7,874       7,728       146       2  
Residential mortgage
    4,566       4,465       101       2  
Other consumer
    538       559       (21 )     (4 )
 
                       
Total consumer
    18,932       18,453       479       3  
 
                       
Total loans and leases
  $ 38,535     $ 38,098     $ 437       1 %
 
                       
 
                               
Deposits
                               
Demand deposits — noninterest-bearing
  $ 7,806     $ 7,333     $ 473       6 %
Demand deposits — interest-bearing
    5,565       5,357       208       4  
Money market deposits
    12,879       13,492       (613 )     (5 )
Savings and other domestic time deposits
    4,778       4,701       77       2  
Core certificates of deposit
    8,079       8,391       (312 )     (4 )
 
                       
Total core deposits
    39,107       39,274       (167 )      
Other deposits
    2,147       2,390       (243 )     (10 )
 
                       
Total deposits
  $ 41,254     $ 41,664     $ (410 )     (1) %
 
                       
The $0.4 billion, or 1% (5% annualized), increase in average total loans and leases reflected:
    $0.2 billion, or 2% (8% annualized), growth in the average C&I portfolio. The growth in the C&I portfolio during the second quarter came from several business lines including business banking, large corporate, middle market, asset based lending, and equipment finance. The growth was also evident across our geographic footprint, further contributing to the diversity of the portfolio. Non-automobile floorplan C&I utilization rates were little changed from the end of the prior quarter. In contrast, automobile floor plan utilization rates were down, primarily reflecting the slowdown in production by Japanese manufacturers.
    $0.3 billion, or 4% (18% annualized), growth in the average automobile portfolio. We continued to originate very high quality loans with attractive returns. We focus on larger, multi-franchised, well-capitalized dealers that are rarely reliant on the success of one franchise to generate profitability. While the used automobile market remained very strong, we increased our originations of new vehicle loans, which reflected a reduction by the captive finance companies in the number and magnitude of incentive programs offered through dealers due to supply concerns.

 

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Partially offset by:
    $0.3 billion, or 4% (18% annualized), decline in average CRE loans, primarily as a result of our on-going strategy to reduce our exposure to the commercial real estate market. We were successful in reducing exposure across virtually all of the CRE project types that we actively manage through our concentration management process. The decline in noncore CRE accounted for the vast majority of the decline in the total CRE portfolio. The noncore CRE portfolio declines reflected paydowns, refinancing, and NCOs. The core CRE portfolio continued to exhibit high quality characteristics with minimal downgrade or NCO activity.
The $0.4 billion, or 1% (4% annualized), decrease in average total deposits from the 2011 first quarter reflected:
    $0.6 billion, or 5% (18% annualized), decline in average money market deposits, reflecting lowered pricing on our money market accounts.
    $0.3 billion, or 4% (15% annualized), decrease in average core certificates of deposit as rates offered on new certificates of deposits declined.
Partially offset by:
    $0.5 billion, or 6% (26% annualized), increase in average noninterest-bearing demand deposit accounts. This was driven primarily by growth in commercial noninterest-bearing demand deposits related to government finance and business banking.
    $0.2 billion, or 4% (16% annualized), growth in interest-bearing demand deposits, primarily driven by consumer checking account growth.

 

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Tables 7 and 8 reflect quarterly average balance sheets and rates earned and paid on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
Table 7 — Consolidated Quarterly Average Balance Sheets
                                                         
                                            Change  
    2011     2010     2Q11 vs. 2Q10  
(dollar amounts in millions)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second     Amount     Percent  
Assets
                                                       
Interest-bearing deposits in banks
  $ 131     $ 130     $ 218     $ 282     $ 309     $ (178 )     (58) %
Trading account securities
    112       144       297       110       127       (15 )     (12 )
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreement
    21                                      
Loans held for sale
    181       420       779       663       323       (142 )     (44 )
Available-for-sale and other securities:
                                                       
Taxable
    8,428       9,108       9,747       8,876       8,369       59       1  
Tax-exempt
    436       445       449       365       389       47       12  
 
                                         
Total available-for-sale and other securities
    8,864       9,553       10,196       9,241       8,758       106       1  
Held-to-maturity securities — taxable
    174                               174        
Loans and leases: (1)
                                                       
Commercial:
                                                       
Commercial and industrial
    13,370       13,121       12,767       12,393       12,244       1,126       9  
Commercial real estate:
                                                       
Construction
    554       611       716       989       1,279       (725 )     (57 )
Commercial
    5,679       5,913       6,082       6,084       6,085       (406 )     (7 )
 
                                         
Commercial real estate
    6,233       6,524       6,798       7,073       7,364       (1,131 )     (15 )
 
                                         
Total commercial
    19,603       19,645       19,565       19,466       19,608       (5 )      
 
                                         
Consumer:
                                                       
Automobile
    5,954       5,701       5,520       5,140       4,634       1,320       28  
Home equity
    7,874       7,728       7,709       7,567       7,544       330       4  
Residential mortgage
    4,566       4,465       4,430       4,389       4,608       (42 )     (1 )
Other consumer
    538       559       576       653       695       (157 )     (23 )
 
                                         
Total consumer
    18,932       18,453       18,235       17,749       17,481       1,451       8  
 
                                         
Total loans and leases
    38,535       38,098       37,800       37,215       37,089       1,446       4  
Allowance for loan and lease losses
    (1,128 )     (1,231 )     (1,323 )     (1,384 )     (1,506 )     378       (25 )
 
                                         
Net loans and leases
    37,407       36,867       36,477       35,831       35,583       1,824       5  
 
                                           
Total earning assets
    48,018       48,345       49,290       47,511       46,606       1,412       3  
 
                                         
Cash and due from banks
    1,068       1,299       1,187       1,618       1,509       (441 )     (29 )
Intangible assets
    652       665       679       695       710       (58 )     (8 )
 
                                                     
All other assets
    4,160       4,291       4,313       4,277       4,384       (224 )     (5 )
 
                                         
Total assets
  $ 52,770     $ 53,369     $ 54,146     $ 52,717     $ 51,703     $ 1,067       2 %
 
                                         
 
                                                       
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
                                                       
Deposits:
                                                       
Demand deposits — noninterest-bearing
  $ 7,806     $ 7,333     $ 7,188     $ 6,768     $ 6,849     $ 957       14 %
Demand deposits — interest-bearing
    5,565       5,357       5,317       5,319       5,971       (406 )     (7 )
Money market deposits
    12,879       13,492       13,158       12,336       11,103       1,776       16  
Savings and other domestic deposits
    4,778       4,701       4,640       4,639       4,677       101       2  
Core certificates of deposit
    8,079       8,391       8,646       8,948       9,199       (1,120 )     (12 )
 
                                         
Total core deposits
    39,107       39,274       38,949       38,010       37,799       1,308       3  
Other domestic time deposits of $250,000 or more
    467       606       737       690       661       (194 )     (29 )
Brokered deposits and negotiable CDs
    1,333       1,410       1,575       1,495       1,505       (172 )     (11 )
Deposits in foreign offices
    347       374       443       451       402       (55 )     (14 )
 
                                         
Total deposits
    41,254       41,664       41,704       40,646       40,367       887       2  
Short-term borrowings
    2,112       2,134       2,134       1,739       966       1,146       119  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    97       30       112       188       212       (115 )     (54 )
Subordinated notes and other long-term debt
    3,249       3,525       3,558       3,672       3,836       (587 )     (15 )
 
                                         
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    38,906       40,020       40,320       39,477       38,532       374       1  
 
                                         
All other liabilities
    913       994       993       952       924       (11 )     (1 )
Shareholders’ equity
    5,145       5,022       5,645       5,520       5,398       (253 )     (5 )
 
                                         
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 52,770     $ 53,369     $ 54,146     $ 52,717     $ 51,703     $ 1,067       2 %
 
                                         
(1)   For purposes of this analysis, NALs are reflected in the average balances of loans.

 

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Table 8 — Consolidated Quarterly Net Interest Margin Analysis
                                         
    Average Rates (2)  
    2011     2010  
Fully-taxable equivalent basis (1)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
Assets
                                       
Interest-bearing deposits in banks
    0.22 %     0.11 %     0.63 %     0.21 %     0.20 %
Trading account securities
    1.59       1.37       1.98       1.20       1.74  
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreement
    0.09                          
Loans held for sale
    4.97       4.08       4.01       5.75       5.02  
Available-for-sale and other securities:
                                       
Taxable
    2.59       2.53       2.42       2.77       2.85  
Tax-exempt
    4.02       4.70       4.59       4.70       4.62  
 
                             
Total available-for-sale and other securities
    2.66       2.63       2.52       2.84       2.93  
Held-to-maturity securities — taxable
    2.96                          
Loans and leases: (3)
                                       
Commercial:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
    4.31       4.57       4.94       5.14       5.31  
Commercial real estate:
                                       
Construction
    3.37       3.36       3.07       2.83       2.61  
Commercial
    3.90       3.93       3.92       3.91       3.69  
 
                             
Commercial real estate
    3.84       3.88       3.83       3.76       3.49  
 
                             
Total commercial
    4.16       4.34       4.56       4.64       4.63  
 
                             
Consumer:
                                       
Automobile
    5.06       5.22       5.46       5.79       6.46  
Home equity
    4.49       4.54       4.64       4.74       5.26  
Residential mortgage
    4.62       4.76       4.82       4.97       4.70  
Other consumer
    7.76       7.85       7.92       7.10       6.84  
 
                             
Total consumer
    4.79       4.90       5.04       5.19       5.49  
 
                             
Total loans and leases
    4.47       4.61       4.79       4.90       5.04  
 
                             
Total earning assets
    4.14 %     4.24 %     4.29 %     4.49 %     4.63 %
 
                             
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
                                       
Deposits:
                                       
Demand deposits — noninterest-bearing
    %     %     %     %     %
Demand deposits — interest-bearing
    0.09       0.09       0.13       0.17       0.22  
Money market deposits
    0.40       0.50       0.77       0.86       0.93  
Savings and other domestic deposits
    0.74       0.81       0.90       0.99       1.07  
Core certificates of deposit
    2.04       2.07       2.11       2.31       2.68  
 
                             
Total core deposits
    0.82       0.89       1.05       1.18       1.33  
Other domestic time deposits of $250,000 or more
    1.01       1.08       1.21       1.28       1.37  
Brokered deposits and negotiable CDs
    0.89       1.11       1.53       2.21       2.56  
Deposits in foreign offices
    0.26       0.20       0.17       0.22       0.19  
 
                             
Total deposits
    0.82       0.90       1.06       1.21       1.37  
Short-term borrowings
    0.16       0.18       0.20       0.22       0.21  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    0.88       2.98       0.95       1.25       1.93  
Subordinated notes and other long-term debt
    2.39       2.34       2.15       2.15       2.05  
 
                             
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    0.91 %     0.99 %     1.11 %     1.25 %     1.41 %
 
                             
Net interest rate spread
    3.19 %     3.21 %     3.16 %     3.24 %     3.22 %
Impact of noninterest-bearing funds on margin
    0.21       0.21       0.21       0.21       0.24  
 
                             
Net interest margin
    3.40 %     3.42 %     3.37 %     3.45 %     3.46 %
 
                             
(1)   FTE yields are calculated assuming a 35% tax rate.
 
(2)   Loan and lease and deposit average rates include impact of applicable derivatives, non-deferrable fees, and amortized deferred fees.
 
(3)   For purposes of this analysis, NALs are reflected in the average balances of loans.

 

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2011 First Six Months versus 2010 First Six Months
Fully-taxable equivalent net interest income for the six-month period of 2011 increased $17.2 million, or 2%, from the comparable year-ago period. This reflected the benefit of a 4% increase in average total earning assets partially offset by a decrease in the net interest margin to 3.41% from 3.47%. The increase in average earning assets reflected a combination of factors including:
    $1.3 billion, or 3%, increase in average total loans and leases.
    $0.7 billion, or 7%, increase in average total available-for-sale and other and held-to-maturity securities.
The 6 basis points decrease in the net interest margin reflected reduction in derivatives income, lower loan yields, and lower securities yields, partially offset by the positive impact of increases in low cost deposits and improved deposit pricing.
The following table details the change in our reported loans and deposits:
Table 9 — Average Loans/Leases and Deposits — 2011 First Six Months vs. 2010 First Six Months
                                 
    Six Months Ended June 30,     Change  
(dollar amounts in millions)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent  
Loans/Leases
                               
Commercial and industrial
  $ 13,246     $ 12,279     $ 967       8 %
Commercial real estate
    6,377       7,520       (1,143 )     (15 )
 
                       
Total commercial
    19,623       19,799       (176 )     (1 )
Automobile
    5,829       4,443       1,386       31  
Home equity
    7,801       7,541       260       3  
Residential mortgage
    4,516       4,543       (27 )     (1 )
Other consumer
    548       709       (161 )     (23 )
 
                       
Total consumer
    18,694       17,236       1,458       8  
 
                       
Total loans and leases
  $ 38,317     $ 37,035     $ 1,282       3 %
 
                       
Deposits
                               
Demand deposits — noninterest-bearing
  $ 7,571     $ 6,739     $ 832       12 %
Demand deposits — interest-bearing
    5,462       5,844       (382 )     (7 )
Money market deposits
    13,184       10,723       2,461       23  
Savings and other domestic deposits
    4,740       4,645       95       2  
Core certificates of deposit
    8,234       9,586       (1,352 )     (14 )
 
                       
Total core deposits
    39,191       37,537       1,654       4  
Other deposits
    2,268       2,759       (491 )     (18 )
 
                       
Total deposits
  $ 41,459     $ 40,296     $ 1,163       3 %
 
                       
The $1.3 billion, or 3%, increase in average total loans and leases primarily reflected:
    $1.4 billion, or 31%, increase in the average automobile portfolio. Automobile lending is a core competency and continued area of growth. The growth from the year-ago period exhibited further penetration within our historical geographic footprint, as well as the positive impact of our expansion into Eastern Pennsylvania and selected New England states. Origination quality remained high.
    $1.0 billion, or 8%, increase in the average C&I portfolio. Growth from the year-ago period reflected the benefits from our strategic initiatives including large corporate, asset based lending, automobile floor plan lending, and equipment finance. Traditional middle-market loans continued to grow despite line utilization rates that remain well below historical norms.
    $0.3 billion, or 3%, increase in the average home equity portfolio, reflecting higher originations and continued slower runoff.

 

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Partially offset by:
    $1.1 billion, or 15%, decrease in average CRE loans reflecting the continued execution of our plan to reduce the CRE exposure, primarily in the noncore CRE segment. This reduction is expected to continue through 2011, reflecting normal amortization, paydowns, and refinancing.
The $1.2 billion, or 3%, increase in average total deposits reflected:
    $1.7 billion, or 4%, growth in average total core deposits. The drivers of this change were a $2.5 billion, or 23%, growth in average money market deposits, and a $0.8 billion, or 12%, growth in average noninterest-bearing demand deposits. These increases were partially offset by a $1.4 billion, or 14%, decline in average core certificates of deposit and a $0.4 billion, or 7%, decrease in average interest-bearing demand deposits.
Partially offset by:
    $0.5 billion, or 18%, decline in other deposits including a $0.3 billion, or 18%, decline in average brokered deposits and negotiable CDs, and a $0.1 billion, or 21%, decrease in other domestic time deposits of $250,000 or more, reflecting a strategy of reducing such noncore funding.

 

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Table 10 — Consolidated YTD Average Balance Sheets and Net Interest Margin Analysis
                                                 
    YTD Average Balances     YTD Average Rates (2)  
Fully-taxable equivalent basis (1)   Six Months Ended June 30,     Change     Six Months Ended June 30,  
(dollar amounts in millions)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent     2011     2010  
Assets
                                               
Interest-bearing deposits in banks
  $ 130     $ 328     $ (198 )     (60) %     0.17 %     0.19 %
Trading account securities
    128       112       16       14       1.47       1.92  
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreement
    11             11             0.09        
Loans held for sale
    300       334       (34 )     (10 )     4.36       5.00  
Available-for-sale and other securities:
                                               
Taxable
    8,766       8,197       569       7       2.56       2.89  
Tax-exempt
    441       418       23       6       4.37       4.49  
 
                                   
Total available-for-sale and other securities
    9,207       8,615       592       7       2.65       2.97  
Total held-to-maturity securities
    87             87             2.95        
Loans and leases: (3)
                                               
Commercial:
                                               
Commercial and industrial
    13,246       12,279       967       8       4.44       5.45  
Commercial real estate:
                                               
Construction
    582       1,344       (762 )     (57 )     3.37       2.64  
Commercial
    5,795       6,176       (381 )     (6 )     3.91       3.64  
 
                                   
Commercial real estate
    6,377       7,520       (1,143 )     (15 )     3.86       3.46  
 
                                   
Total commercial
    19,623       19,799       (176 )     (1 )     4.25       4.70  
 
                                   
Consumer:
                                               
Automobile
    5,829       4,443       1,386       31       5.14       6.54  
Home equity
    7,801       7,541       260       3       4.51       5.42  
Residential mortgage
    4,516       4,543       (27 )     (1 )     4.69       4.79  
Other consumer
    548       709       (161 )     (23 )     7.80       6.92  
 
                                   
Total consumer
    18,694       17,236       1,458       8       4.85       5.61  
 
                                   
Total loans and leases
    38,317       37,035       1,282       3       4.54       5.12  
 
                                           
Allowance for loan and lease losses
    (1,179 )     (1,508 )     329       (22 )                
 
                                       
Net loans and leases
    37,138       35,527       1,611       5                  
 
                                       
Total earning assets
    48,180       46,424       1,756       4       4.19 %     4.72 %
 
                                   
Cash and due from banks
    1,183       1,634       (451 )     (28 )                
Intangible assets
    659       717       (58 )     (8 )                
All other assets
    4,224       4,436       (212 )     (5 )                
 
                                       
Total assets
  $ 53,067     $ 51,703     $ 1,364       3 %                
 
                                       
 
                                               
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
                                               
Deposits:
                                               
Demand deposits — noninterest-bearing
  $ 7,571     $ 6,739     $ 832       12 %     %     %
Demand deposits — interest-bearing
    5,462       5,844       (382 )     (7 )     0.09       0.22  
Money market deposits
    13,184       10,723       2,461       23       0.45       0.96  
Savings and other domestic deposits
    4,740       4,645       95       2       0.78       1.13  
Core certificates of deposit
    8,234       9,586       (1,352 )     (14 )     2.05       2.81  
 
                                   
Total core deposits
    39,191       37,537       1,654       4       0.86       1.42  
Other domestic time deposits of $250,000 or more
    536       680       (144 )     (21 )     1.05       1.41  
Brokered deposits and negotiable CDs
    1,372       1,673       (301 )     (18 )     1.00       2.52  
Deposits in foreign offices
    360       406       (46 )     (11 )     0.23       0.19  
 
                                   
Total deposits
    41,459       40,296       1,163       3       0.86       1.46  
Short-term borrowings
    2,123       947       1,176       124       0.17       0.21  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    63       196       (133 )     (68 )     1.36       2.28  
Subordinated notes and other long-term debt
    3,386       3,948       (562 )     (14 )     2.36       2.15  
 
                                   
Total interest-bearing liabilities
    39,460       38,648       812       2       0.95       1.51  
 
                                   
All other liabilities
    952       935       17       2                  
Shareholders’ equity
    5,084       5,381       (297 )     (6 )                
 
                                       
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 53,067     $ 51,703     $ 1,364       3 %                
 
                                       
Net interest rate spread
                                    3.20       3.21  
Impact of noninterest-bearing funds on margin
                                    0.21       0.26  
 
                                           
Net interest margin
                                    3.41 %     3.47 %
 
                                           
(1)   FTE yields are calculated assuming a 35% tax rate.
 
(2)   Loan, lease, and deposit average rates include the impact of applicable derivatives, non-deferrable fees, and amortized deferred fees.
 
(3)   For purposes of this analysis, nonaccrual loans are reflected in the average balances of loans.

 

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Provision for Credit Losses
(This section should be read in conjunction with Significant Item 2, the Credit Risk section, and the Franklin-related Impacts section.)
The provision for credit losses is the expense necessary to maintain the ALLL and the AULC at levels appropriate to absorb our estimate of inherent credit losses in the loan and lease portfolio and the portfolio of unfunded loan commitments and letters-of-credit.
The provision for credit losses for the 2011 second quarter was $35.8 million, down $13.6 million, or 28%, from the prior quarter and down $157.6 million, or 81%, from the year-ago quarter. The provision for credit losses for the first six-month period of 2011 was $85.2 million, down $343.2 million, or 80%, from the year-ago period. These declines reflected a combination of lower NCOs and a reduction in commercial Criticized loans. The reduction in commercial Criticized loans reflected the resolution of problem credits for which reserves had been previously established. The current quarter’s provision for credit losses was $61.7 million less than total NCOs and the provision for credit losses for the first six-month period of 2011 was $177.4 million less than total NCOs (see Credit Quality discussion).
Noninterest Income
The following table reflects noninterest income for each of the past five quarters:
Table 11 — Noninterest Income
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 60,675     $ 54,324     $ 55,810     $ 65,932     $ 75,934  
Mortgage banking income
    23,835       22,684       53,169       52,045       45,530  
Trust services
    30,392       30,742       29,394       26,997       28,399  
Electronic banking
    31,728       28,786       28,900       28,090       28,107  
Insurance income
    16,399       17,945       19,678       19,801       18,074  
Brokerage income
    20,819       20,511       16,953       16,575       18,425  
Bank owned life insurance income
    17,602       14,819       16,113       14,091       14,392  
Automobile operating lease income
    7,307       8,847       10,463       11,356       11,842  
Securities gains (losses)
    1,507       40       (103 )     (296 )     156  
Other income
    45,503       38,247       33,843       32,552       28,784  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total noninterest income
  $ 255,767     $ 236,945     $ 264,220     $ 267,143     $ 269,643  
 
                             
The following table details mortgage banking income and the net impact of MSR hedging activity for each of the past five quarters:
Table 12 — Mortgage Banking Income
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands, except as noted)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
Mortgage banking income
                                       
Origination and secondary marketing
  $ 11,522     $ 19,799     $ 48,236     $ 35,840     $ 19,778  
Servicing fees
    12,417       12,546       11,474       12,053       12,178  
Amortization of capitalized servicing
    (9,052 )     (9,863 )     (13,960 )     (13,003 )     (10,137 )
Other mortgage banking income
    4,259       3,769       4,789       4,966       3,664  
 
                             
Sub-total
    19,146       26,251       50,539       39,856       25,483  
MSR valuation adjustment(1)
    (8,292 )     774       31,319       (12,047 )     (26,221 )
Net trading gains (losses) related to MSR hedging
    12,981       (4,341 )     (28,689 )     24,236       46,268  
 
                             
Total mortgage banking income
  $ 23,835     $ 22,684     $ 53,169     $ 52,045     $ 45,530  
 
                             
 
                                       
Mortgage originations (in millions)
  $ 916     $ 929     $ 1,827     $ 1,619     $ 1,161  
Average trading account securities used to hedge MSRs (in millions)
    22       46       184       23       28  
Capitalized mortgage servicing rights(2)
    189,740       202,559       196,194       161,594       179,138  
Total mortgages serviced for others (in millions)(2)
    16,315       16,456       15,933       15,713       15,954  
MSR % of investor servicing portfolio
    1.16 %     1.23 %     1.23 %     1.03 %     1.12 %
 
                             
Net impact of MSR hedging
                                       
 
                                       
MSR valuation adjustment(1)
  $ (8,292 )   $ 774     $ 31,319     $ (12,047 )   $ (26,221 )
Net trading gains (losses) related to MSR hedging
    12,981       (4,341 )     (28,689 )     24,236       46,268  
Net interest income related to MSR hedging
    84       99       713       32       58  
 
                             
 
                                       
Net gain (loss) of MSR hedging
  $ 4,773     $ (3,468 )   $ 3,343     $ 12,221     $ 20,105  
 
                             
(1)   The change in fair value for the period represents the MSR valuation adjustment, net of amortization of capitalized servicing.
 
(2)   At period end.

 

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2011 Second Quarter versus 2010 Second Quarter
Noninterest income decreased $13.9 million, or 5%, from the year-ago quarter.
Table 13 — Noninterest Income — 2011 Second Quarter vs. 2010 Second Quarter
                                 
    Second Quarter     Change  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent  
Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 60,675     $ 75,934     $ (15,259 )     (20 )%
Mortgage banking income
    23,835       45,530       (21,695 )     (48 )
Trust services
    30,392       28,399       1,993       7  
Electronic banking
    31,728       28,107       3,621       13  
Insurance income
    16,399       18,074       (1,675 )     (9 )
Brokerage income
    20,819       18,425       2,394       13  
Bank owned life insurance income
    17,602       14,392       3,210       22  
Automobile operating lease income
    7,307       11,842       (4,535 )     (38 )
Securities gains (losses)
    1,507       156       1,351       866  
Other income
    45,503       28,784       16,719       58  
 
                       
 
                               
Total noninterest income
  $ 255,767     $ 269,643     $ (13,876 )     (5 )%
 
                       
The $13.9 million, or 5%, decrease in total noninterest income from the year-ago quarter reflected:
    $21.7 million, or 48%, decrease in mortgage banking income. This primarily reflected a $15.4 million decrease in MSR net hedging income and an $8.3 million, or 42%, decrease in origination and secondary marketing income, as originations decreased 21% from the year-ago quarter.
    $15.3 million, or 20%, decline in service charges on deposit accounts, reflecting lower personal service charges due to the implementation of the amendment to Reg E and lower underlying activity levels.
    $4.5 million, or 38%, decline in automobile operating lease income reflecting the impact of a declining portfolio as a result of having exited that business in 2008.
Partially offset by:
    $16.7 million, or 58%, increase in other income, of which $10.8 million was associated with SBA gains and servicing. Also contributing to the growth were increases from the sale of interest rate protection products and capital markets activities.
    $3.6 million, or 13%, increase in electronic banking income, reflecting an increase in debit card transaction volume and new account growth.
    $3.2 million, or 22%, increase in bank owned life insurance income.
    $2.4 million, or 13%, increase in brokerage income, primarily reflecting increased sales of investment products.
    $2.0 million, or 7%, increase in trust services income, due to a $10.3 billion increase in total trust assets, including a $2.5 billion increase in assets under management. This increase reflected improved market values and net growth in accounts.

 

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2011 Second Quarter versus 2011 First Quarter
Noninterest income increased $18.8 million, or 8%, from the prior quarter.
Table 14 — Noninterest Income — 2011 Second Quarter vs. 2011 First Quarter
                                 
    2011     Change  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second Quarter     First Quarter     Amount     Percent  
Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 60,675     $ 54,324     $ 6,351       12 %
Mortgage banking income
    23,835       22,684       1,151       5  
Trust services
    30,392       30,742       (350 )     (1 )
Electronic banking
    31,728       28,786       2,942       10  
Insurance income
    16,399       17,945       (1,546 )     (9 )
Brokerage income
    20,819       20,511       308       2  
Bank owned life insurance income
    17,602       14,819       2,783       19  
Automobile operating lease income
    7,307       8,847       (1,540 )     (17 )
Securities gains
    1,507       40       1,467       3,668  
Other income
    45,503       38,247       7,256       19  
 
                       
 
               
Total noninterest income
  $ 255,767     $ 236,945     $ 18,822       8 %
 
                       
The $18.8 million, or 8%, increase in total noninterest income from the prior quarter reflected:
    $7.3 million, or 19%, increase in other income, reflecting SBA gains, higher market-related gains and capital markets income.
    $6.4 million, or 12%, increase in service charges on deposit accounts, primarily reflecting an increase in personal services charges, mostly due to higher NSF/OD fees.
    $2.9 million, or 10%, increase in electronic banking income, reflecting higher activity levels.
2011 First Six Months versus 2010 First Six Months
Noninterest income for the first six-month period of 2011 decreased $17.8 million, or 3%, from the comparable year-ago period.
Table 15 — Noninterest Income — 2011 First Six Months vs. 2010 First Six Months
                                 
    Six Months Ended June 30,     Change  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent  
Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 114,999     $ 145,273     $ (30,274 )     (21 )%
Mortgage banking income
    46,519       70,568       (24,049 )     (34 )
Trust services
    61,134       56,164       4,970       9  
Electronic banking
    60,514       53,244       7,270       14  
Insurance income
    34,344       36,934       (2,590 )     (7 )
Brokerage income
    41,330       35,327       6,003       17  
Bank owned life insurance income
    32,421       30,862       1,559       5  
Automobile operating lease income
    16,154       24,145       (7,991 )     (33 )
Securities gains
    1,547       125       1,422       1,138  
Other income
    83,750       57,853       25,897       45  
 
                       
 
                               
Total noninterest income
  $ 492,712     $ 510,495     $ (17,783 )     (3 )%
 
                       

 

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The following table details mortgage banking income and the net impact of MSR hedging activity for the first six-month period of 2011 and 2010:
Table 16 — Year to Date Mortgage Banking Income and Net Impact of MSR Hedging
                                 
    Six Months Ended June 30,     YTD Change 2011 vs 2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands, except as noted)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent  
Mortgage Banking Income
                               
Origination and secondary marketing
  $ 31,321     $ 33,364     $ (2,043 )     (6 )%
Servicing fees
    24,963       24,596       367       1  
Amortization of capitalized servicing
    (18,915 )     (20,202 )     1,287       (6 )
Other mortgage banking income
    8,028       6,874       1,154       17  
Subtotal
    45,397       44,632       765       2  
MSR valuation adjustment (1)
    (7,518 )     (31,993 )     24,475       (77 )
Net trading gains related to MSR hedging
    8,640       57,929       (49,289 )     (85 )
 
                       
 
                               
Total mortgage banking income
  $ 46,519     $ 70,568     $ (24,049 )     (34 )%
 
                       
Mortgage originations (in millions)
  $ 1,845     $ 2,030     $ (185 )     (9 )%
Average trading account securities used to hedge MSRs (in millions)
    34       23       11       48  
Capitalized mortgage servicing rights (2)
    189,740       179,138       10,602       6  
Total mortgages serviced for others (in millions) (2)
    16,315       15,954       361       2  
MSR % of investor servicing portfolio
    1.16 %     1.12 %     0.04 %     357 %
 
                               
Net Impact of MSR Hedging
                               
MSR valuation adjustment (1)
  $ (7,518 )   $ (31,993 )   $ 24,475       (77 )%
Net trading gains related to MSR hedging
    8,640       57,929       (49,289 )     (85 )
Net interest income related to MSR hedging
    183       227       (44 )     (19 )
 
                       
Net impact of MSR hedging
  $ 1,305     $ 26,163     $ (24,858 )     (95 )%
 
                       
(1)   The change in fair value for the period represents the MSR valuation adjustment, excluding amortization of capitalized servicing.
 
(2)   At period end.
The $17.8 million, or 3%, decrease in total noninterest income reflected:
    $30.3 million, or 21%, decline in service charges on deposit accounts, reflecting lower personal service charges due to the implementation of the amendment to Reg E and lower underlying activity levels.
    $24.0 million, or 34%, decrease in mortgage banking income. This primarily reflected a $24.9 million decrease in MSR net hedging income and a $2.0 million, or 6%, decrease in origination and secondary marketing income, as originations decreased 9% from the year-ago period.
Partially offset by:
    $25.9 million, or 45%, increase in other income, of which $20.2 million was associated with SBA gains and loan fees. Also contributing to the growth were increases from the sale of interest rate protection products and capital markets activities.
    $7.3 million, or 14%, increase in electronic banking income, reflecting an increase in debit card transaction volume and new account growth.
    $6.0 million, or 17%, increase in brokerage income, primarily reflecting increased sales of investment products.
    $5.0 million, or 9%, increase in trust services income, due to a $10.3 billion increase in total trust assets, including a $2.5 billion increase in assets under management. This increase reflected improved market values and net growth in accounts.
For additional information regarding noninterest income, see the Legislative and Regulatory section located within the Executive Overview.

 

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Table of Contents

Noninterest Expense
(This section should be read in conjunction with Significant Item 1.)
The following table reflects noninterest expense for each of the past five quarters:
Table 17 — Noninterest Expense
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
Personnel costs
  $ 218,570     $ 219,028     $ 212,184     $ 208,272     $ 194,875  
Outside data processing and other services
    43,889       40,282       40,943       38,553       40,670  
Net occupancy
    26,885       28,436       26,670       26,718       25,388  
Deposit and other insurance expense
    23,823       17,896       23,320       23,406       26,067  
Professional services
    20,080       13,465       21,021       20,672       24,388  
Equipment
    21,921       22,477       22,060       21,651       21,585  
Marketing
    20,102       16,895       16,168       20,921       17,682  
Amortization of intangibles
    13,386       13,370       15,046       15,145       15,141  
OREO and foreclosure expense
    4,398       3,931       10,502       12,047       4,970  
Automobile operating lease expense
    5,434       6,836       8,142       9,159       9,667  
Other expense
    29,921       48,083       38,537       30,765       33,377  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total noninterest expense
  $ 428,409     $ 430,699     $ 434,593     $ 427,309     $ 413,810  
 
                             
Number of employees (full-time equivalent), at period-end
    11,457       11,319       11,341       11,279       11,117  
2011 Second Quarter versus 2010 Second Quarter
Noninterest expense increased $14.6 million, or 4%, from the year-ago quarter.
Table 18 — Noninterest Expense — 2011 Second Quarter vs. 2010 Second Quarter
                                 
    Second Quarter     Change  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent  
Personnel costs
  $ 218,570     $ 194,875     $ 23,695       12 %
Outside data processing and other services
    43,889       40,670       3,219       8  
Net occupancy
    26,885       25,388       1,497       6  
Deposit and other insurance expense
    23,823       26,067       (2,244 )     (9 )
Professional services
    20,080       24,388       (4,308 )     (18 )
Equipment
    21,921       21,585       336       2  
Marketing
    20,102       17,682       2,420       14  
Amortization of intangibles
    13,386       15,141       (1,755 )     (12 )
OREO and foreclosure expense
    4,398       4,970       (572 )     (12 )
Automobile operating lease expense
    5,434       9,667       (4,233 )     (44 )
Other expense
    29,921       33,377       (3,456 )     (10 )
 
                       
 
                               
Total noninterest expense
  $ 428,409     $ 413,810     $ 14,599       4 %
 
                       
Number of employees (full-time equivalent), at period-end
    11,457       11,117       340       3 %
The $14.6 million, or 4%, increase in total noninterest expense from the year-ago quarter reflected:
    $23.7 million, or 12%, increase in personnel costs, primarily reflecting a 3% increase in full-time equivalent staff in support of strategic initiatives, as well as higher benefit related expenses, including costs associated with the reinstatement of our 401(k) plan matching contribution in May 2010.
    $3.2 million, or 8%, increase in outside data processing and other service, reflecting higher costs associated with the implementation of strategic initiatives.
    $2.4 million, or 14%, increase in marketing expense, reflecting higher advertising costs.

 

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Partially offset by:
    $4.3 million, or 18%, decrease in professional services, reflecting lower legal costs, as collection activities declined, and consulting expenses.
    $4.2 million, or 44%, decline in automobile operating lease expense as that portfolio continued to run-off.
    $3.5 million, or 10%, decrease in other expense, primarily reflecting a decline in expenses related to representations and warranties losses on mortgage loans sold.
2011 Second Quarter versus 2011 First Quarter
Noninterest expense decreased $2.3 million, or 1%, from the prior quarter.
Table 19 — Noninterest Expense — 2011 Second Quarter vs. 2011 First Quarter
                                 
    2011     Change  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second Quarter     First Quarter     Amount     Percent  
Personnel costs
  $ 218,570     $ 219,028     $ (458 )     %
Outside data processing and other services
    43,889       40,282       3,607       9  
Net occupancy
    26,885       28,436       (1,551 )     (5 )
Deposit and other insurance expense
    23,823       17,896       5,927       33  
Professional services
    20,080       13,465       6,615       49  
Equipment
    21,921       22,477       (556 )     (2 )
Marketing
    20,102       16,895       3,207       19  
Amortization of intangibles
    13,386       13,370       16        
OREO and foreclosure expense
    4,398       3,931       467       12  
Automobile operating lease expense
    5,434       6,836       (1,402 )     (21 )
Other expense
    29,921       48,083       (18,162 )     (38 )
 
                       
 
                               
Total noninterest expense
  $ 428,409     $ 430,699     $ (2,290 )     (1 )%
 
                       
Number of employees (full-time equivalent), at period-end
    11,457       11,319       138       1 %
The $2.3 million, or 1%, decrease in total noninterest expense from the prior quarter reflected:
    $18.2 million, or 38%, decrease in other expense, primarily reflecting the prior quarter’s $17.0 million addition to litigation reserves.
Partially offset by:
    $6.6 million, or 49%, increase in professional services, reflecting higher costs supporting regulatory and litigation efforts.
    $5.9 million, or 33%, temporary increase in deposit and other insurance expenses.
    $3.6 million, or 9%, increase in outside data processing and other services, reflecting higher appraisal costs and system upgrade expenses.
    $3.2 million, or 19%, increase in marketing expense, reflecting higher advertising costs.

 

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2011 First Six Months versus 2010 First Six Months
Noninterest expense for the first six-month period of 2011 increased $47.2 million, or 6%, from the comparable year-ago period.
Table 20 — Noninterest Expense — 2011 First Six Months vs. 2010 First Six Months
                                 
    Six Months Ended June 30,     Change  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   2011     2010     Amount     Percent  
Personnel costs
  $ 437,598     $ 378,517     $ 59,081       16 %
Outside data processing and other services
    84,171       79,752       4,419       6  
Net occupancy
    55,321       54,474       847       2  
Deposit and other insurance expense
    41,719       50,822       (9,103 )     (18 )
Professional services
    33,545       47,085       (13,540 )     (29 )
Equipment
    44,398       42,209       2,189       5  
Marketing
    36,997       28,835       8,162       28  
Amortization of intangibles
    26,756       30,287       (3,531 )     (12 )
OREO and foreclosure expense
    8,329       16,500       (8,171 )     (50 )
Automobile operating lease expense
    12,270       19,733       (7,463 )     (38 )
Other expense
    78,004       63,689       14,315       22  
 
                       
 
                               
Total noninterest expense
  $ 859,108     $ 811,903     $ 47,205       6 %
 
                       
The $47.2 million, or 6%, increase in total noninterest expense reflected:
    $59.1 million, or 16%, increase in personnel costs, primarily reflecting an increase in full-time equivalent staff in support of strategic initiatives, as well as higher benefit related expenses, including the reinstatement of our 401(k) plan matching contribution in May of 2010.
    $14.3 million, or 22%, increase in other expense, primarily reflecting the 2011 first quarter $17.0 million addition to litigation reserves.
    $8.2 million, or 28%, increase in marketing expense, reflecting higher advertising costs.
Partially offset by:
    $13.5 million, or 29%, decrease in professional services, reflecting lower legal costs, as collection activities declined, and consulting expenses.
    $8.2 million, or 50%, decline in OREO and foreclosure expenses as OREO balances declined 72% in the current period.
    $7.5 million, or 38%, decline in automobile operating lease expense as that portfolio continued to run-off having exited that business in 2008.
Provision for Income Taxes
(This section should be read in conjunction with Significant Item 2.)
The provision for income taxes in the 2011 second quarter was $49.0 million. This compared with a provision for income taxes of $34.7 million in the 2011 first quarter and a provision for income taxes of $13.3 million in the 2010 second quarter. All three quarters include the benefits from tax-exempt income, tax-advantaged investments, and general business credits. At June 30, 2011, we had a net deferred tax asset of $432.7 million. Based on both positive and negative evidence and our level of forecasted future taxable income, there was no impairment to the deferred tax asset at June 30, 2011. The total disallowed deferred tax asset for regulatory capital purposes decreased to $48.2 million at June 30, 2011, from $89.9 million at March 31, 2011.
The IRS completed audits of our consolidated federal income tax returns for tax years through 2007. The IRS, various states, and other jurisdictions remain open to examination, including Kentucky, Indiana, Michigan, Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Illinois. The IRS and the Commonwealth of Kentucky have proposed adjustments to our previously filed tax returns. We believe that our tax positions related to such proposed adjustments are correct and supported by applicable statutes, regulations, and judicial authority, and intend to vigorously defend them. It is possible the ultimate resolution of the proposed adjustments, if unfavorable, may be material to the results of operations in the period it occurs. However, although no assurance can be given, we believe the resolution of these examinations will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial position.

 

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RISK MANAGEMENT AND CAPITAL
Risk awareness, identification and assessment, reporting, and active management are key elements in overall risk management. We manage risk to an aggregate moderate-to-low risk profile strategy through a control framework and by monitoring and responding to potential risks. We believe that our primary risk exposures are credit, market, liquidity, operational, and compliance risk. More information on risk can be found in the Risk Factors section included in Item 1A of our 2010 Form 10-K and subsequent filings with the SEC. Additionally, the MD&A included in our 2010 Form 10-K should be read in conjunction with this MD&A as this discussion provides only material updates to the 2010 Form 10-K. Our definition, philosophy, and approach to risk management have not materially changed from the discussion presented in the 2010 Form 10-K.
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss if a counterparty is not able to meet the agreed upon terms of the financial obligation. The majority of our credit risk is associated with lending activities, as the acceptance and management of credit risk is central to profitable lending. We also have significant credit risk associated with our available-for-sale and other investment securities portfolio (see Investment Securities Portfolio discussion). While there is credit risk associated with derivative activity, we believe this exposure is minimal. The significant change in the economic conditions and the resulting changes in borrower behavior over the past several years resulted in our focusing significant resources to the identification, monitoring, and managing of our credit risk. In addition to the traditional credit risk mitigation strategies of credit policies and processes, market risk management activities, and portfolio diversification, we added more quantitative measurement capabilities utilizing external data sources, enhanced use of modeling technology, and internal stress testing processes. The continued expansion of our portfolio management resources demonstrates our commitment to maintaining an aggregate moderate-to-low risk profile.
Loan and Lease Credit Exposure Mix
At June 30, 2011, our loans and leases totaled $39.1 billion, representing a $1.0 billion, or 3%, increase compared to $38.1 billion at December 31, 2010, primarily reflecting growth in the consumer loan portfolio. The automobile portfolio represented 56% of the total consumer portfolio growth, reflecting an increase in automobile sales across the industry, as well as our expansion into the New England market. The home equity and residential mortgage portfolios both increased modestly compared to December 31, 2010. All of the growth within the consumer portfolio was consistent with our focus on high quality borrowers. Total commercial loans were little changed as the growth in the C&I portfolio was offset by a decline in the CRE portfolio.
At June 30, 2011, commercial loans and leases totaled $19.7 billion, and represented 50% of our total credit exposure. Our commercial portfolio is diversified along product type, size, and geography within our footprint and is comprised of the following (see Commercial Credit discussion):
C&I — C&I loans and leases are made to commercial customers for use in normal business operations to finance working capital needs, equipment purchases, or other projects. The majority of these borrowers are customers doing business within our geographic regions. C&I loans and leases are generally underwritten individually and secured with the assets of the company and/or the personal guarantee of the business owners. The financing of owner occupied facilities is considered a C&I loan even though there is improved real estate as collateral. This treatment is a function of the credit decision process, which focuses on cash flow from operations of the business to repay the debt. The operation, sale, rental, or refinancing of the real estate is not considered the primary repayment source for these types of loans. As we look to grow our C&I portfolio, we have further developed our ABL capabilities by adding experienced ABL professionals to take advantage of market opportunities resulting in better leveraging of the manufacturing base in our primary markets. Also, our Equipment Finance area is targeting larger equipment financings in the manufacturing sector in addition to our core products. We also expanded our large corporate banking group with sufficient resources to ensure we appropriately recognize and manage the risks associated with these types of lending.
CRE — CRE loans consist of loans for income-producing real estate properties, real estate investment trusts, and real estate developers. We mitigate our risk on these loans by requiring collateral values that exceed the loan amount and underwriting the loan with projected cash flow in excess of the debt service requirement. These loans are made to finance properties such as apartment buildings, office and industrial buildings, and retail shopping centers, and are repaid through cash flows related to the operation, sale, or refinance of the property.
Construction CRE — Construction CRE loans are loans to individuals, companies, or developers used for the construction of a commercial or residential property for which repayment will be generated by the sale or permanent financing of the property. Our construction CRE portfolio primarily consists of retail, residential (land, single family, and condominiums), office, and warehouse product types. Generally, these loans are for construction projects that have been presold or preleased, or have secured permanent financing, as well as loans to real estate companies with significant equity invested in each project. These loans are underwritten and managed by a specialized real estate lending group that actively monitors the construction phase and manages the loan disbursements according to the predetermined construction schedule.

 

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Total consumer loans and leases were $19.4 billion at June 30, 2011, and represented 50% of our total loan and lease credit exposure. The consumer portfolio was primarily diversified among home equity loans and lines-of-credit, residential mortgages, and automobile loans and leases (see Consumer Credit discussion).
Automobile — Automobile loans and leases are primarily comprised of loans made through automotive dealerships and include exposure in selected states outside of our primary banking markets. No state outside of our primary banking markets represented more than 5% of our total automobile portfolio at June 30, 2011. Our automobile lease portfolio represents an immaterial portion of the total portfolio as we exited the automobile leasing business during the 2008 fourth quarter.
Home equity — Home equity lending includes both home equity loans and lines-of-credit. This type of lending, which is secured by a first-lien or second-lien on the borrower’s residence, allows customers to borrow against the equity in their home. Given the current low interest rate environment, many borrowers have utilized the line-of-credit home equity product as the primary source of financing their home. As a result, the proportion of the home equity portfolio secured by a first-lien has increased significantly over the past three years, positively impacting the portfolio’s performance, and providing a positive basis regarding the expected future performance of this portfolio. Real estate market values at the time of origination directly affect the amount of credit extended and, in the event of default, subsequent changes in these values impact the severity of losses. We actively manage the extension of credit and the amount of credit extended through a combination of criteria including debt-to-income policies and LTV policy limits.
Residential mortgage — Residential mortgage loans represent loans to consumers for the purchase or refinance of a residence. These loans are generally financed over a 15-year to 30-year term, and in most cases, are extended to borrowers to finance their primary residence. Generally, our practice is to sell a significant portion of our fixed-rate originations in the secondary market. As such, the majority of the loans in our portfolio are ARMs. These ARMs primarily consist of a fixed-rate of interest for the first 3 to 5 years, and then adjust annually. These loans comprised approximately 54% of our total residential mortgage loan portfolio at June 30, 2011. We are subject to repurchase risk associated with residential mortgage loans sold in the secondary market. This activity has increased recently reflecting the overall market conditions and GSE activity and an appropriate level of allowance has been established to address the repurchase risk inherent in the portfolio (refer to the Operational Risk section for additional discussion).
Other consumer — This portfolio primarily consists of consumer loans not secured by real estate or automobiles, including personal unsecured loans.
Table 21 — Loan and Lease Portfolio Composition
                                                                                 
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in millions)   June 30,     March 31,     December 31,     September 30,     June 30,  
Commercial:(1)
                                                                               
Commercial and industrial
  $ 13,544       34 %   $ 13,299       35 %   $ 13,063       34 %   $ 12,425       33 %   $ 12,392       34 %
Commercial real estate:
                                                                               
Construction
    591       2       587       2       650       2       738       2       1,106       3  
Commercial
    5,573       14       5,711       15       6,001       16       6,174       16       6,078       16  
 
                                                           
Total commercial real estate
    6,164       16       6,298       17       6,651       18       6,912       18       7,184       19  
 
                                                           
Total commercial
    19,708       50       19,597       52       19,714       52       19,337       51       19,576       53  
 
                                                           
Consumer:
                                                                               
Automobile
    6,190       16       5,802       15       5,614       15       5,385       14       4,847       13  
Home equity
    7,952       20       7,784       20       7,713       20       7,690       21       7,510       20  
Residential mortgage
    4,751       12       4,517       12       4,500       12       4,511       12       4,354       12  
Other consumer
    525       2       546       1       566       1       578       2       683       2  
 
                                                           
Total consumer
    19,418       50       18,649       48       18,393       48       18,164       49       17,394       47  
 
                                                           
Total loans and leases
  $ 39,126       100 %   $ 38,246       100 %   $ 38,107       100 %   $ 37,501       100 %   $ 36,970       100 %
 
                                                           
(1)   There were no commercial loans outstanding that would be considered a concentration of lending to a particular industry or group of industries.

 

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The table below provides our total loan and lease portfolio segregated by the type of collateral securing the loan or lease:
Table 22 — Loan and Lease Portfolio by Collateral Type
                                                                                 
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in millions)   June 30,     March 31,     December 31,     September 30,     June 30,  
Secured loans:
                                                                               
Real estate — commercial
  $ 9,781       25 %   $ 9,931       26 %   $ 10,389       27 %   $ 10,516       28 %   $ 10,698       29 %
Real estate — consumer
    12,703       32       12,300       32       12,214       32       12,201       33       11,968       32  
Vehicles
    7,594       19       7,333       19       7,134       19       6,652       18       6,054       16  
Receivables/Inventory
    4,171       11       3,819       10       3,763       10       3,524       9       3,511       9  
Machinery/Equipment
    1,784       5       1,787       5       1,766       5       1,763       5       1,812       5  
Securities/Deposits
    802       2       778       2       734       2       730       2       780       2  
Other
    1,095       3       1,139       3       990       2       1,097       2       1,120       4  
 
                                                           
Total secured loans and leases
    37,930       97       37,087       97       36,990       97       36,483       97       35,943       97  
Unsecured loans and leases
    1,196       3       1,159       3       1,117       3       1,018       3       1,027       3  
 
                                                           
 
                                                                               
Total loans and leases
  $ 39,126       100 %   $ 38,246       100 %   $ 38,107       100 %   $ 37,501       100 %   $ 36,970       100 %
 
                                                           
Commercial Credit
In commercial lending, on-going credit management is dependent on the type and nature of the loan. We monitor all significant exposures on an on-going basis. All commercial credit extensions are assigned internal risk ratings reflecting the borrower’s probability-of-default and loss-given-default (severity of loss). This two-dimensional rating methodology provides granularity in the portfolio management process. The probability-of-default is rated and applied at the borrower level. The loss-given-default is rated and applied based on the specific type of credit extension and the quality and lien position associated with the underlying collateral. The internal risk ratings are assessed at origination and updated at each periodic monitoring event. There is also extensive macro portfolio management analysis on an on-going basis. As an example, the retail properties class of the CRE portfolio and manufacturing loans within the C&I portfolio have each received more frequent evaluation at the individual loan level given the weak environment and our portfolio composition. We continually review and adjust our risk-rating criteria based on actual experience, which provides us with the current risk level in the portfolio and is the basis for determining an appropriate allowance amount for this portfolio.
Our Credit Review group performs testing to provide an independent review and assessment of the quality and / or risk of new loan originations. This group is part of our Risk Management area, and conducts portfolio reviews on a risk-based cycle to evaluate individual loans, validate risk ratings, as well as test the consistency of credit processes. Similarly, to provide consistent oversight, a centralized portfolio management team monitors and reports on the performance of small business loans, which are included within the commercial loan portfolio.
All loans categorized as Classified (see Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) are managed by our SAD. The SAD is a specialized credit group that handles the day-to-day management of workouts, commercial recoveries, and problem loan sales. Its responsibilities include developing and implementing action plans, assessing risk ratings, and determining the adequacy of the allowance, the accrual status, and the ultimate collectability of the Classified loan portfolio.
Our commercial portfolio is diversified by customer size, as well as geographically throughout our footprint. No outstanding commercial loans and leases comprised an industry or geographic concentration of lending. Certain segments of our commercial portfolio are discussed in further detail below.
C&I PORTFOLIO
We manage the risks inherent in this portfolio through origination policies, concentration limits, on-going loan level reviews and portfolio level reviews, recourse requirements, and continuous portfolio risk management activities. Our origination policies for this portfolio include loan product-type specific policies such as LTV and debt service coverage ratios, as applicable.
While C&I borrowers have been challenged by the weak economy, problem loans have trended downward, reflecting a combination of proactive risk identification as well as some relative improvement in the economic conditions. Nevertheless, some borrowers may no longer have sufficient capital to withstand the extended stress. As a result, these borrowers may not be able to comply with the original terms of their credit agreements. We continue to focus attention on the portfolio management process to proactively identify borrowers that may be facing financial difficulty and to assess all potential solutions. The impact of the economic environment is further evidenced by the level of line-of-credit activity, as borrowers continued to maintain relatively low utilization percentages.

 

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As shown in the following table, C&I loans and leases totaled $13.5 billion at June 30, 2011:
Table 23 — Commercial and Industrial Loans and Leases by Class
                                 
    June 30, 2011  
    Commitments     Loans Outstanding  
(dollar amounts in millions)   Amount     Percent     Amount     Percent  
Class:
                               
Owner occupied
  $ 4,259       21 %   $ 3,870       29 %
Other commercial and industrial
    16,288       79       9,674       71  
 
                       
 
                               
Total
  $ 20,547       100 %   $ 13,544       100 %
 
                       
The difference in the composition between the commitments and loans and leases outstanding in the other commercial and industrial class results from a significant amount of working capital lines-of-credit and businesses have reduced these borrowings. The funding percentage associated with the lines-of-credit has been a significant indicator of credit quality. Generally, borrowers that fully utilize their line-of-credit consistently, over time, have a higher risk profile. This represents one of many credit risk factors we utilize in assessing the credit risk portfolio of individual borrowers and the overall portfolio.
CRE PORTFOLIO
We manage the risks inherent in this portfolio specific to CRE lending, focusing on the quality of the developer, and the specifics associated with each project. Generally, we: (1) limit our loans to 80% of the appraised value of the commercial real estate, (2) require net operating cash flows to be 125% of required interest and principal payments, and (3) if the commercial real estate is nonowner occupied, require that at least 50% of the space of the project be preleased.
Each CRE loan is classified as either core or noncore. We separated the CRE portfolio into these categories in order to provide more clarity around our portfolio management strategies and to provide an additional level of transparency. We believe segregating the noncore CRE from core CRE improves our ability to understand the nature, performance prospects, and problem resolution opportunities, thus allowing us to continue to deal proactively with any emerging credit issues.
A CRE loan is generally considered core when the borrower is an experienced, well-capitalized developer in our Midwest footprint, and has either an established meaningful relationship with us that generates an acceptable return on capital or demonstrates the prospect of becoming one. The core CRE portfolio was $4.0 billion at June 30, 2011, representing 65% of total CRE loans. The performance of the core portfolio met our expectations based on the consistency of the asset quality metrics within the portfolio. Based on our extensive project level assessment process, including forward-looking collateral valuations, we continue to believe the credit quality of the core portfolio is stable.
A CRE loan is generally considered noncore based on the lack of a substantive relationship outside of the loan product, with no immediate prospects for meeting the core relationship criteria. The noncore CRE portfolio declined from $2.6 billion at December 31, 2010, to $2.2 billion at June 30, 2011, and represented 35% of total CRE loans. Of the loans in the noncore portfolio at June 30, 2011, 62% were categorized as Pass, 95% had guarantors, 99% were secured, and 95% were located within our geographic footprint. However, it is within the noncore portfolio where most of the credit quality challenges exist. For example, $0.3 billion, or 12%, of related outstanding balances, are classified as NALs. SAD administered $1.0 billion, or 45%, of total noncore CRE loans at June 30, 2011. We expect to exit the majority of noncore CRE relationships over time through normal repayments and refinancings, possible sales should economically attractive opportunities arise, or the reclassification to a core CRE relationship if it expands to meet the core criteria.

 

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The table below provides a segregation of the CRE portfolio as of June 30, 2011:
Table 24 — Core Commercial Real Estate Loans by Property Type and Property Location
                                                                                 
    June 30, 2011  
                                                    West                    
(dollar amounts in millions)   Ohio     Michigan     Pennsylvania     Indiana     Kentucky     Florida     Virginia     Other     Total Amount     %  
 
                                                                               
Core portfolio:
                                                                               
Retail properties
  $ 488     $ 91     $ 74     $ 93     $ 8     $ 39     $ 30     $ 344     $ 1,167       19 %
Office
    330       103       95       18       10       1       38       52       647       10  
Multi family
    269       85       60       32       30       1       26       60       563       9  
Industrial and warehouse
    237       81       21       43       3       2       6       83       476       8  
Other commercial real estate
    725       128       38       48             20       53       120       1,132       18  
 
                                                           
Total core portfolio
    2,049       488       288       234       51       63       153       659       3,985       65  
Total noncore portfolio
    1,200       366       131       185       30       102       49       116       2,179       35  
 
                                                           
 
                                                                               
Total
  $ 3,249     $ 854     $ 419     $ 419     $ 81     $ 165     $ 202     $ 775     $ 6,164       100 %
 
                                                           
Credit quality data regarding the ACL and NALs, segregated by core CRE loans and noncore CRE loans, is presented in the following table:
Table 25 — Commercial Real Estate — Core vs. Noncore Portfolios
                                                 
    June 30, 2011  
    Ending                                     Nonaccrual  
(dollar amounts in millions)   Balance     Prior NCOs     ACL $     ACL %     Credit Mark (1)     Loans  
Total core
  $ 3,985     $ 11     $ 140       3.51 %     3.78 %   $ 26  
 
                                               
Noncore — SAD (2)
    988       322       236       23.89       42.60       240  
Noncore — Other
    1,191       13       95       7.98       8.97       26  
 
                                   
Total noncore
    2,179       335       331       15.19       26.49       266  
 
                                   
Total commercial real estate
  $ 6,164     $ 346     $ 471       7.64 %     12.55 %   $ 292  
 
                                   
 
                                               
    December 31, 2010
 
Total core
  $ 4,042     $ 5     $ 160       3.96 %     4.08 %   $ 16  
 
                                               
Noncore — SAD (2)
    1,400       379       329       23.50       39.80       307  
Noncore — Other
    1,209       5       105       8.68       9.06       41  
 
                                   
Total noncore
    2,609       384       434       16.63       27.33       348  
 
                                   
Total commercial real estate
  $ 6,651     $ 389     $ 594       8.93 %     13.96 %   $ 364  
 
                                   
(1)   Calculated as (Prior NCOs + ACL $) / (Ending Balance + Prior NCOs).
 
(2)   Noncore loans managed by SAD, the area responsible for managing loans and relationships designated as Classified Loans.
As shown in the above table, the ending balance of the CRE portfolio at June 30, 2011, declined $0.5 billion, or 7%, compared with December 31, 2010. Of this decline, 85% occurred in the noncore segment of the portfolio administered by the SAD, and was a result of payoffs and NCOs as we actively focus on the noncore portfolio to reduce our overall CRE exposure. This reduction demonstrates our continued commitment to maintaining an aggregate moderate-to-low risk profile. We anticipate further noncore CRE declines in future periods based on our strategy to reduce our overall CRE exposure. The reduction in the core segment is a result of limited origination activity reflecting our strategy to reduce our overall CRE exposure. We will continue to support our core developer customers as appropriate, however, we do not believe that significant additional CRE activity is appropriate given our current exposure in CRE lending and the current economic conditions.
Also as shown above, substantial reserves for the noncore portfolio have been established. At June 30, 2011, the ACL related to the noncore portfolio was 15.19%. The combination of the existing ACL and prior NCOs represents the total credit actions taken on each segment of the portfolio. From this data, we calculate a credit mark that provides a consistent measurement of the cumulative credit actions taken against a specific portfolio segment. We believe the combined credit activity is appropriate for each of the CRE segments.

 

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Retail Properties
Our portfolio of total CRE loans secured by retail properties totaled $1.7 billion, or approximately 4%, of total loans and leases, at June 30, 2011. Loans within this portfolio segment declined $0.1 billion, or 5%, from $1.8 billion at December 31, 2010. Credit approval in this portfolio segment is generally dependent on preleasing requirements, and net operating income from the project must cover debt service by specified percentages when the loan is fully funded.
The weakness of the economic environment in our geographic regions continued to impact the projects that secure the loans in this portfolio class. Lower occupancy rates, reduced rental rates, and the expectation these levels will remain stressed for the foreseeable future may adversely affect some of our borrowers’ ability to repay these loans. We have increased the level of credit risk management activity on this portfolio segment, and we analyze our retail property loans in detail by combining property type, geographic location, and other data, to assess and manage our credit risks. We review the majority of this portfolio segment on a monthly basis.
Consumer Credit
Consumer credit approvals are based on, among other factors, the financial strength and payment history of the borrower, type of exposure, and the transaction structure. We make extensive use of portfolio assessment models to continuously monitor the quality of the portfolio, which may result in changes to future origination strategies. The on-going analysis and review process results in a determination of an appropriate allowance for our consumer loan and lease portfolio.
AUTOMOBILE PORTFOLIO
Our strategy in the automobile portfolio continued to focus on high quality borrowers as measured by both FICO and internal custom scores, combined with appropriate LTVs, terms, and a reasonable level of profitability. We discontinued automobile leasing in 2008 with the portfolio in run-off mode thereafter. Our strategy and operational capabilities allow us to appropriately manage the origination quality across the entire portfolio, including our newer markets. Although increased origination volume and the expansion into new markets can be associated with increased risk levels, we believe our strategy and operational capabilities significantly mitigate these risks.
We have continued to consistently execute our value proposition while taking advantage of market opportunities that allow us to grow our automobile loan portfolio. The significant growth in the portfolio over the past two years was accomplished while maintaining our consistently high credit quality metrics. As we further execute our strategies and take advantage of these opportunities, we are developing alternative plans to address any growth in excess of our established portfolio concentration limits, including both securitizations and loan sales.
RESIDENTIAL-SECURED PORTFOLIOS
The properties securing our residential mortgage and home equity portfolios are primarily located within our footprint. The continued stress on home prices has caused the performance in these portfolios to remain weaker than historical levels. We continue to evaluate all of our policies and processes associated with managing these portfolios to provide as much clarity as possible.
In the 2011 first quarter, we implemented a more conservative position regarding NCOs in our residential mortgage portfolio by accelerating the timing of charge-off recognition. In addition, we established an immediate charge-off process regardless of the delinquency status for short sale situations. Both of these policy changes resulted in accelerated recognition of residential mortgage charge-offs totaling $6.8 million in the 2011 first quarter. Further, in the 2011 second quarter, we implemented a policy change regarding the placement of loans on nonaccrual status in both our home equity and residential mortgage portfolios. This policy change resulted in accelerated placement of loans on nonaccrual status totaling $6.7 million in the home equity portfolio and $8.0 million in the residential mortgage portfolio.
Table 26 — Selected Home Equity and Residential Mortgage
Portfolio Data

(dollar amounts in millions)
                                                 
    Home Equity     Residential Mortgage  
    Secured by first-lien     Secured by second-lien        
    06/30/11     12/31/10     06/30/11     12/31/10     06/30/11     12/31/10  
Ending balance
  $ 3,398     $ 3,041     $ 4,554     $ 4,672     $ 4,751     $ 4,500  
Portfolio weighted average LTV ratio(1)
    70 %     70 %     80 %     80 %     78 %     77 %
Portfolio weighted average FICO score(2)
    748       745       734       733       729       721  

 

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    Home Equity     Residential Mortgage (3)  
    Secured by first-lien     Secured by second-lien        
    Six Months Ended June 30,  
    2011     2010     2011     2010     2011     2010  
Originations
  $ 918     $ 552     $ 435     $ 329     $ 751     $ 694  
Origination weighted average LTV ratio(1)
    71 %     69 %     82 %     78 %     84 %     80 %
Origination weighted average FICO score(2)
    768       765       758       755       757       761  
(1)   The LTV ratios for home equity loans and home equity lines-of-credit are cumulative and reflect the balance of any senior loans. LTV ratios reflect collateral values at the time of loan origination.
 
(2)   Portfolio weighted average FICO scores reflect currently updated customer credit scores whereas origination weighted average FICO scores reflect the customer credit scores at the time of loan origination.
 
(3)   Represents only owned-portfolio originations.
Home Equity Portfolio
Our home equity portfolio (loans and lines-of-credit) consists of both first-lien and second-lien mortgage loans with underwriting criteria based on minimum credit scores, debt-to-income ratios, and LTV ratios. We offer closed-end home equity loans which are generally fixed-rate with principal and interest payments, and variable-rate interest-only home equity lines-of-credit which do not require payment of principal during the 10-year revolving period of the line-of-credit.
At June 30, 2011, approximately 43% of our home equity portfolio was secured by first-lien mortgages. The credit risk profile is substantially reduced when we hold a first-lien position. During the first six-month period of 2011, more than 65% of our home equity portfolio originations were secured by a first-lien mortgage. We focus on high quality borrowers primarily located within our footprint. The majority of our home equity line-of-credit borrowers consistently pay more than the required interest-only amount. Additionally, since we focus on developing complete relationships with our customers, many of our home equity borrowers are utilizing other products and services.
We believe we have underwritten credit conservatively within this portfolio. We have not originated home equity loans or lines-of-credit with an LTV at origination greater than 100%, except for infrequent situations with high quality borrowers. However, continued declines in housing prices have decreased the value of the collateral for this portfolio and have caused a portion of the portfolio to have an LTV greater than 100%.
For certain home equity loans and lines-of-credit, we may utilize an AVM or an other model-driven value estimate during the credit underwriting process. We utilize a series of credit parameters to determine the appropriate valuation methodology. While we believe an AVM estimate is an appropriate valuation source for a portion of our home equity lending activities, we continue to re-evaluate all of our policies on an on-going basis, specifically related to the December 2010 FFIEC guidelines regarding property valuation. The intent of these guidelines is to ensure complete independence in the requesting and review of real estate valuations associated with loan decisions. We are committed to appropriate valuations for all of our real estate lending, and do not anticipate significant impacts to our loan decision process as a result of these guidelines. We update values as appropriate, and in compliance with applicable regulations, for loans identified as higher risk. Loans are identified as higher risk based on performance indicators and the updated values are utilized to facilitate our portfolio management processes, as well as our workout and loss mitigation functions.
We continue to make origination policy adjustments based on our assessment of an appropriate risk profile, as well as industry actions. In addition to origination policy adjustments, we take actions, as necessary, to manage the risk profile of this portfolio.
Residential Mortgage Portfolio
We focus on higher quality borrowers and underwrite all applications centrally, often through the use of an automated underwriting system. We do not originate residential mortgages that allow negative amortization or allow the borrower multiple payment options.
All residential mortgages are originated based on a completed full appraisal during the credit underwriting process. We update values on a regular basis in compliance with applicable regulations to facilitate our portfolio management, as well as our workout and loss mitigation functions.
A majority of the loans in our portfolio have adjustable rates. These ARMs comprised approximately 54% of our total residential mortgage loan portfolio at June 30, 2011. At June 30, 2011, ARM loans that were expected to have rates reset totaled $1.6 billion through 2014. These loans scheduled to reset are primarily associated with loans originated subsequent to 2007, and as such, are not subject to the most significant declines in value. Given the quality of our borrowers and the relatively low current interest rates, we believe that we have a relatively limited exposure to ARM reset risk. Nonetheless, we have taken actions to mitigate our risk exposure. We initiate borrower contact at least six months prior to the interest rate resetting, and have been successful in converting many ARMs to fixed-rate loans through this process. Our ARM portfolio has performed substantially better than the fixed-rate portfolio in part due to this proactive management process. Additionally, when borrowers are experiencing payment difficulties, loans may be reunderwritten based on the borrower’s ability to repay the loan.

 

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Several government actions were enacted that impacted the residential mortgage portfolio, including various refinance programs which positively affected the availability of credit for the industry. We are utilizing these programs to enhance our existing strategy of working closely with our customers.
Credit Quality
We believe the most meaningful way to assess overall credit quality performance is through an analysis of credit quality performance ratios. This approach forms the basis of most of the discussion in the sections immediately following: NPAs and NALs, TDRs, ACL, and NCOs. In addition, we utilize delinquency rates, risk distribution and migration patterns, and product segmentation in the analysis of our credit quality performance.
Credit quality performance in the 2011 second quarter reflected continued improvement in the loan portfolio relating to NCO activity, as well as some improvement in delinquency trends. Key credit quality metrics also showed improvement, including a 5% decline in NPAs and an 11% decline in the level of Criticized commercial loans compared to the prior quarter. The reduction in NPAs was achieved despite a more conservative policy on residential mortgage and home equity loans implemented during the current quarter. New NPA inflows increased in the current quarter compared to the prior quarter as a result of the more conservative policy. We anticipate lower inflows in future quarters.
Our ACL declined $63.3 million to $1,112.2 million, or 2.84% of period-end loans and leases at June 30, 2011, from $1,175.4 million, or 3.07% at March 31, 2011. This decline reflected a reduction to the commercial-related ACL as a result of an overall reduction in the level of commercial Criticized loans and NCOs on loans with specific reserves, partially offset by a slight increase in the consumer-related ACL as a result of consumer loan growth.
NPAs, NALs, AND TDRs
NPAs and NALs
(This section should be read in conjunction with the Franklin-related Impacts section.)
NPAs consist of (1) NALs, which represent loans and leases no longer accruing interest, (2) impaired loans held for sale, (3) OREO properties, and (4) other NPAs. Any loan in our portfolio may be placed on nonaccrual status prior to the policies described below when collection of principal or interest is in doubt.
C&I and CRE loans are placed on nonaccrual status at 90-days past due. With the exception of residential mortgage loans guaranteed by government organizations which continue to accrue interest, residential mortgage loans are placed on nonaccrual status at 150-days past due. First-lien and second-lien home equity loans are placed on nonaccrual status at 150-days past due and 120-days past due, respectively. Automobile and other consumer loans are not placed on nonaccrual status, but are generally charged-off when the loan is 120-days past due. When interest accruals are suspended, accrued interest income is reversed with current year accruals charged to earnings and prior year amounts generally charged-off as a credit loss. When, in our judgment, the borrower’s ability to make required interest and principal payments has resumed and collectability is no longer in doubt, the loan or lease is returned to accrual status.

 

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The following table reflects period-end NALs and NPAs detail for each of the last five quarters:
Table 27 — Nonaccrual Loans and Leases and Nonperforming Assets
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   June 30,     March 31,     December 31,     September 30,     June 30,  
 
Nonaccrual loans and leases:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 229,327     $ 260,397     $ 346,720     $ 398,353     $ 429,561  
Commercial real estate
    291,500       305,793       363,692       478,754       663,103  
Residential mortgage
    59,853       44,812       45,010       82,984       86,486  
Home equity
    33,545       25,255       22,526       21,689       22,199  
 
                             
Total nonaccrual loans and leases
    614,225       636,257       777,948       981,780       1,201,349  
Other real estate owned, net
                                       
Residential
    20,803       28,668       31,649       65,775       71,937  
Commercial
    17,909       25,961       35,155       57,309       67,189  
 
                             
Total other real estate owned, net
    38,712       54,629       66,804       123,084       139,126  
Impaired loans held for sale(1)
                            242,227  
 
                             
Total nonperforming assets
  $ 652,937     $ 690,886     $ 844,752     $ 1,104,864     $ 1,582,702  
 
                             
 
Nonaccrual loans as a % of total loans and leases
    1.57 %     1.66 %     2.04 %     2.62 %     3.25 %
Nonperforming assets ratio(2)
    1.67       1.80       2.21       2.94       4.24  
 
Nonperforming Franklin assets:
                                       
Residential mortgage
  $     $     $     $     $  
Home equity
                             
OREO
    883       5,971       9,477       15,330       24,515  
Impaired loans held for sale
                            242,227  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total nonperforming Franklin assets
  $ 883     $ 5,971     $ 9,477     $ 15,330     $ 266,742  
 
                             
(1)   The June 30, 2010, figure represents NALs associated with the transfer of Franklin-related residential mortgage and home equity loans to loans held for sale. Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value less costs to sell.
 
(2)   This ratio is calculated as NPAs divided by the sum of loans and leases, impaired loans held for sale, and net other real estate.
The $37.9 million decline in NPAs compared with March 31, 2011, primarily reflected:
    $31.1 million, or 12%, decline in C&I NALs, reflecting both NCO activity and problem credit resolutions, including payoffs. The decline was associated with loans throughout our footprint, with no specific geographic concentration. The reduction was achieved despite an increase in the level of new NALs compared to the prior quarter level. The increased inflows was primarily the result of one large relationship.
    $14.3 million, or 5%, decline in CRE NALs, reflecting both NCO activity and problem credit resolutions, including borrower payments and payoffs. The reduction was achieved despite an increase in the level of new NALs compared to the prior quarter level. The increased level of inflows was primarily centered in three relatively large relationships, and we do not believe this increase to be an indication of a reversal of the overall declining trend of new NALs. We continue to be focused on early recognition of risks through our on-going portfolio management processes.
    $15.9 million, or 29%, decline in OREO, primarily reflecting continued declines in both the commercial and residential segments. We continue to be active in the on-going management of our OREO portfolio as lower inflow levels combined with aggressive sales activities resulted in the continued declining trend in our OREO levels.
Partially offset by:
    $15.0 million, or 34%, increase in residential mortgage NALs, primarily reflecting a change to our nonaccrual policy (see Consumer Credit section).
    $8.3 million, or 33%, increase in home equity NALs, primarily reflecting a change to our nonaccrual policy (see Consumer Credit section).

 

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As part of our loss mitigation process, we reunderwrite, modify, or restructure loans when borrowers are experiencing payment difficulties, based on the borrower’s ability to repay the loan.
Compared with December 31, 2010, NPAs decreased $191.8 million, or 23%, primarily reflecting:
    $117.4 million, or 34%, decline in C&I NALs, reflecting both NCO activity and problem credit resolutions, including payoffs. The decline was associated with loans throughout our footprint, with no specific geographic concentration. From an industry perspective, improvement in the manufacturing-related segment accounted for a significant portion of the decrease.
    $72.2 million, or 20%, decline in CRE NALs, reflecting both NCO activity and problem credit resolutions, including borrower payments and payoffs. This decline was a direct result of our on-going proactive management of these credits by our SAD.
    $28.1 million, or 42%, decrease in OREO properties, reflecting lower inflow levels combined with aggressive sales activities.
Partially offset by:
    $14.8 million, or 33%, increase in residential mortgage NALs, primarily reflecting a change in our nonaccrual policy (see Consumer Credit section).
    $11.0 million, or 49%, increase in home equity NALs, primarily reflecting a change in our nonaccrual policy (see Consumer Credit section).
NPA activity for each of the past five quarters was as follows:
Table 28 — Nonperforming Asset Activity
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
 
Nonperforming assets, beginning of period
  $ 690,886     $ 844,752     $ 1,104,864     $ 1,582,702     $ 1,918,368  
New nonperforming assets
    210,255       192,044       237,802       278,388       171,595  
Franklin-related impact, net
    (5,088 )     (3,506 )     (5,853 )     (251,412 )     (86,715 )
Returns to accruing status
    (68,429 )     (70,886 )     (100,051 )     (111,168 )     (78,739 )
Loan and lease losses
    (74,945 )     (128,730 )     (126,047 )     (151,013 )     (173,159 )
Other real estate owned gains (losses)
    388       1,492       (5,117 )     (5,302 )     2,483  
Payments
    (73,009 )     (87,041 )     (191,296 )     (210,612 )     (140,881 )
Sales
    (27,121 )     (57,239 )     (69,550 )     (26,719 )     (30,250 )
 
                             
 
                                       
Nonperforming assets, end of period
  $ 652,937     $ 690,886     $ 844,752     $ 1,104,864     $ 1,582,702  
 
                             
As discussed previously, residential mortgage loans are placed on nonaccrual status at 150-days past due, with the exception of residential mortgage loans guaranteed by government organizations which continue to accrue interest, and first-lien and second-lien home equity loans and lines-of-credit are placed on nonaccrual status at 150-days past due and 120-days past due, respectively.

 

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The following table reflects period-end accruing loans and leases 90 days or more past due for each of the last five quarters:
Table 29 — Accruing Past Due Loans and Leases
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   June 30,     March 31,     December 31,     September 30,     June 30,  
 
                                       
Accruing loans and leases past due 90 days or more:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
  $     $     $     $     $  
Residential mortgage (excluding loans guaranteed by the U.S. government)
    33,975       41,858       53,983       56,803       47,036  
Home equity
    17,451       24,130       23,497       27,160       26,797  
Other consumer
    6,227       7,578       10,177       11,423       9,533  
 
                             
Total, excl. loans guaranteed by the U.S. government
    57,653       73,566       87,657       95,386       83,366  
Add: loans guaranteed by the U.S. government
    76,979       94,440       98,288       94,249       95,421  
 
                             
Total accruing loans and leases past due 90 days or more, including loans guaranteed by the U.S. government
  $ 134,632     $ 168,006     $ 185,945     $ 189,635     $ 178,787  
 
                             
 
                                       
Ratios: (1)
                                       
 
                                       
Excluding loans guaranteed by the U.S. government, as a percent of total loans and leases
    0.15 %     0.19 %     0.23 %     0.25 %     0.23 %
 
                                       
Guaranteed by the U.S. government, as a percent of total loans and leases
    0.19       0.25       0.26       0.26       0.26  
 
                                       
Including loans guaranteed by the U.S. government, as a percent of total loans and leases
    0.34       0.44       0.49       0.51       0.49  
(1)   Ratios are calculated as a percentage of related loans and leases.
Loans guaranteed by the U.S. government accrue interest at the rate guaranteed by the government agency. We are reimbursed from the government agency for reasonable expenses incurred in servicing loans. The FHA reimburses us for 66% of expenses, and the VA reimburses us at a maximum percentage of guarantee which is established for each individual loan. We have not experienced either material losses in excess of guarantees caps or significant delays or rejected claims from the related government entity.
The over 90-day delinquency ratio for total loans not guaranteed by a U.S. government agency was 0.15% at June 30, 2011, representing an 8 basis point decline compared with December 31, 2010. This decline reflected the sale of certain loans in this category.
TDR Loans
TDRs are modified loans in which a concession is provided to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. Loan modifications are considered TDRs when the concessions provided are not available to the borrower through either normal channels or other sources. However, not all loan modifications are TDRs. Our standards relating to loan modifications consider, among other factors, minimum verified income requirements, cash flow analysis, and collateral valuations. Each potential loan modification is reviewed individually and the terms of the loan are modified to meet a borrower’s specific circumstances at a point in time. All loan modifications, including those classified as TDRs, are reviewed and approved. Our ALLL is largely driven by updated risk ratings assigned to commercial loans, updated borrower credit scores on consumer loans, and borrower delinquency history in both the commercial and consumer portfolios. As such, the provision for credit losses is impacted primarily by changes in borrower payment performance rather than the TDR classification. TDRs can be classified as either accrual or nonaccrual loans. Nonaccrual TDRs are included in NALs whereas accruing TDRs are excluded from NALs as it is probable that all contractual principal and interest due under the restructured terms will be collected.
In the workout of a problem loan, many factors are considered when determining the most favorable resolution. For consumer loans, we evaluate the ability and willingness of the borrower to make contractual or reduced payments, the value of the underlying collateral, and the costs associated with the foreclosure or repossession, and remarketing of the collateral. For commercial loans, we consider similar criteria and also evaluate the borrower’s business prospects.

 

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      Residential Mortgage loan TDRs — Residential mortgage TDRs represent loan modifications associated with traditional first-lien mortgage loans in which a concession has been provided to the borrower. Residential mortgages identified as TDRs involve borrowers who are unable to refinance their mortgages through our normal mortgage origination channels or through other independent sources. Some, but not all, of the loans may be delinquent. Modifications can include adjustments to rates and/or principal. Modified loans identified as TDRs are aggregated into pools for analysis. Cash flows and weighted average interest rates are used to calculate impairment at the pooled-loan level. Once the loans are aggregated into the pool, they continue to be classified as TDRs until contractually repaid or charged-off. No consideration is given to removing individual loans from the pools.
      Residential mortgage loans not guaranteed by a U.S. government agency such as the FHA, VA, and the USDA, including restructured loans, are reported as accrual or nonaccrual based upon delinquency status. NALs are those that are greater than 150-days contractually past due. Loans guaranteed by U.S. government organizations continue to accrue interest upon delinquency.
      Residential mortgage loan TDR classifications resulted in an impairment adjustment of $0.2 million during the 2011 second quarter, and $2.2 million for the first six-month period of 2011. Prior to the TDR classification, residential mortgage loans individually had minimal ALLL associated with them because the ALLL is calculated on a total pooled-portfolio basis.
      Other Consumer loan TDRs — Generally, these are TDRs associated with home equity borrowings and automobile loans. We make similar interest rate, term, and principal concessions as with residential mortgage loan TDRs. The TDR classification for these other consumer loans resulted in an impairment adjustment of $0.2 million during the 2011 second quarter, and $0.7 million for the first six-month period of 2011.
      Commercial loan TDRs — Commercial accruing TDRs represent loans most often rated as Classified and are no more than 90-days past due on contractual principal and interest, but undergo a modification. Accruing TDRs often result from loans rated as Classified receiving a concession at terms that are not considered a market transaction for us. The TDR remains in accruing status as long as the customer is less than 90 days past due on payments per the restructured loan terms and no loss is probable.
      Commercial nonaccrual TDRs result from either: (1) an accruing commercial TDR being placed on nonaccrual status (at June 30, 2011, approximately $7.3 million of our commercial nonaccrual TDRs represented this situation); or (2) a workout where an existing commercial NAL is restructured and a concession is given. At June 30, 2011, approximately $70.4 million of our commercial nonaccrual TDRs resulted from such workouts. Frequently, these workouts restructure the NAL so that two or more new notes are created. The primary note is underwritten based upon our normal underwriting standards at current market rates and is sized so projected cash flows are sufficient to repay contractual principal and interest. The terms on the secondary note(s) vary by situation, and may include notes that defer interest payments until after the primary note is repaid. Creating two or more notes often allows the borrower to continue a project or weather a temporary economic downturn and allows us to right-size a loan based upon the current expectations for a project’s performance. If we believe the outstanding balance will be collected, the note is considered for return to accrual status upon the borrower sustaining sufficient cash flows for a six-month period of time. This six-month period could extend before or after the restructure date. Subordinated notes created in the workout are charged-off immediately. If, during or after the restructuring, a charge-off occurs, any interest or principal payments received are applied to first reduce the outstanding balance. After the outstanding balance has been satisfied, any further payments are recorded as recoveries.
      As the loans are already considered Classified, an adequate ALLL has been recorded when appropriate. Consequently, a TDR classification on commercial loans does not usually result in significant additional reserves. We consider removing the TDR status on commercial loans if the loan is at a market rate of interest and after the loan has performed in accordance with the restructured terms for a sustained period of time, generally one year.

 

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The table below presents our accruing and nonaccruing TDRs at period-end for each of the past five quarters:
Table 30 — Accruing and Nonaccruing Troubled Debt Restructured Loans
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   June 30,     March 31,     December 31,     September 30,     June 30,  
Troubled debt restructured loans — accruing:
                                       
Residential mortgage
  $ 313,772     $ 333,492     $ 328,411     $ 304,356     $ 281,473  
Other consumer
    75,036       78,488       76,586       73,210       65,061  
Commercial
    240,126       206,462       222,632       157,971       141,353  
 
                             
Total troubled debt restructured loans — accruing
    628,934       618,442       627,629       535,537       487,887  
Troubled debt restructured loans — nonaccruing:
                                       
Residential mortgage
    14,378       8,523       5,789       10,581       11,337  
Other consumer
    140       14                    
Commercial
    77,745       37,858       33,462       33,236       90,266  
 
                             
Total troubled debt restructured loans — nonaccruing
    92,263       46,395       39,251       43,817       101,603  
 
                             
Total troubled debt restructured loans
  $ 721,197     $ 664,837     $ 666,880     $ 579,354     $ 589,490  
 
                             
ACL
(This section should be read in conjunction with Note 3 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.)
We maintain two reserves, both of which in our judgment are appropriate to absorb credit losses inherent in our loan and lease portfolio: the ALLL and the AULC. Combined, these reserves comprise the total ACL. Our Credit Administration group is responsible for developing the methodology assumptions and estimates used in the calculation, as well as determining the appropriateness of the ACL. The ALLL represents the estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the reported date. Additions to the ALLL result from recording provision expense for loan losses or increased risk levels resulting from loan risk-rating downgrades, while reductions reflect charge-offs, recoveries, decreased risk levels resulting from loan risk-rating upgrades, or the sale of loans. The AULC is determined by applying the transaction reserve process to the unfunded portion of the loan exposures adjusted by an applicable funding expectation.
A provision for credit losses is recorded to adjust the ACL to the level we have determined to be appropriate to absorb credit losses inherent in our loan and lease portfolio. The provision for credit losses in the 2011 second quarter was $35.8 million, compared with $49.4 million in the prior quarter and $193.4 million in the year-ago quarter. The decline in provision expense reflects improved credit migration as shown by a combination of lower NCOs and the reduction of commercial Criticized loans.
We regularly evaluate the appropriateness of the ACL by performing on-going evaluations of the loan and lease portfolio, including such factors as the differing economic risks associated with each loan category, the financial condition of specific borrowers, the level of delinquent loans, the value of any collateral and, where applicable, the existence of any guarantees or other documented support. We evaluate the impact of changes in interest rates and overall economic conditions on the ability of borrowers to meet their financial obligations when quantifying our exposure to credit losses and assessing the appropriateness of our ACL at each reporting date. In addition to general economic conditions and the other factors described above, we also consider the impact of declining residential real estate values and the diversification of CRE loans, particularly loans secured by retail properties.
Our ACL evaluation process includes the on-going assessment of credit quality metrics, and a comparison of certain ACL benchmarks to current performance. While the total ACL balance has declined in recent quarters, all of the relevant benchmarks improved as a result of the asset quality improvement. The coverage ratios of NALs, Criticized, and Classified loans have significantly improved in recent quarters despite the decline in the ACL level. For example, the ACL coverage ratio associated with NALs was 181% at June 30, 2011, compared with 166% at December 31, 2010 and 120% at June 30, 2010.

 

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The table below reflects activity in the ALLL and the AULC for each of the last five quarters:
Table 31 — Quarterly Allowance for Credit Losses Analysis
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period
  $ 1,133,226     $ 1,249,008     $ 1,336,352     $ 1,402,160     $ 1,477,969  
Loan and lease losses
    (128,701 )     (199,007 )     (205,587 )     (221,144 )     (312,954 )
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off
    31,167       33,924       33,336       36,630       33,726  
 
                             
 
                                       
Net loan and lease losses
    (97,534 )     (165,083 )     (172,251 )     (184,514 )     (279,228 )
 
                             
Provision for loan and lease losses
    36,948       49,301       84,907       118,788       203,633  
Allowance for assets sold
    (1,514 )                 (82 )     (214 )
 
                             
Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period
  $ 1,071,126     $ 1,133,226     $ 1,249,008     $ 1,336,352     $ 1,402,160  
 
                             
 
                                       
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit, beginning of period
  $ 42,211     $ 42,127     $ 40,061     $ 39,689     $ 49,916  
Provision for (reduction in) unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit losses
    (1,151 )     84       2,066       372       (10,227 )
 
                             
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit, end of period
  $ 41,060     $ 42,211     $ 42,127     $ 40,061     $ 39,689  
 
                             
Total allowance for credit losses, end of period
  $ 1,112,186     $ 1,175,437     $ 1,291,135     $ 1,376,413     $ 1,441,849  
 
                             
 
                                       
Allowance for loan and lease losses as % of:
                                       
 
                                       
Total loans and leases
    2.74 %     2.96 %     3.28 %     3.56 %     3.79 %
Nonaccrual loans and leases
    174       178       161       136       117  
Nonperforming assets
    164       164       148       121       89  
 
                                       
Total allowance for credit losses as % of:
                                       
Total loans and leases
    2.84 %     3.07 %     3.39 %     3.67 %     3.90 %
Nonaccrual loans and leases
    181       185       166       140       120  
Nonperforming assets
    170       170       153       125       91  
The reduction in the ALLL, compared with both March 31, 2011, and December 31, 2010, reflected a decline in the commercial portfolio ALLL as a result of NCOs on loans with specific reserves, and an overall reduction in the level of commercial Criticized loans. Commercial Criticized loans are commercial loans rated as OLEM, Substandard, Doubtful, or Loss. As shown in the table below, commercial Criticized loans declined $0.3 billion from March 31, 2011, and $0.7 billion from December 31, 2010, reflecting significant upgrade and payment activity.
Table 32 — Criticized Commercial Loan Activity
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
 
Criticized commercial loans, beginning of period
  $ 2,660,792     $ 3,074,481     $ 3,637,533     $ 4,106,602     $ 4,608,610  
New additions / increases
    250,422       169,884       289,850       407,514       280,353  
Advances
    44,442       61,516       52,282       75,386       79,392  
Upgrades to Pass
    (271,698 )     (238,518 )     (382,713 )     (391,316 )     (409,092 )
Payments
    (231,819 )     (294,564 )     (401,302 )     (408,698 )     (331,145 )
Loan losses
    (72,989 )     (112,008 )     (121,169 )     (151,955 )     (121,516 )
 
                             
 
                                       
Criticized commercial loans, end of period
  $ 2,379,150     $ 2,660,792     $ 3,074,481     $ 3,637,533     $ 4,106,602  
 
                             
The entire loan and lease portfolio has shown steadily improving credit quality trends throughout 2010 and 2011, and we believe that early identification of problem loans and aggressive action plans for these problem loans, combined with originating high quality new loans will result in continued improvement in our key credit quality metrics. However, the continued weakness in the residential real estate market and the overall economic conditions remained stressed, and additional risks emerged during the first six-month period of 2011. These additional risks include the U.S. debt ceiling discussions, the budget issues in local governments, the political instability in the Middle East with its ramifications on the cost of oil, European instability, and the flattening of the economic growth in the current quarter compared to the prior quarter. Continued high unemployment, among other factors, has slowed any significant recovery. In the near-term, we anticipate a continued high unemployment rate and the concern around the U.S., state, and local government budget issues will impact the financial condition of some of our retail and commercial borrowers. The pronounced downturn in the residential real estate market that began in early 2007 has resulted in significantly lower residential real estate values. We have significant exposure to loans secured by residential real estate and continue to be an active lender in our communities. The impact of the downturn in real estate values has had a significant impact on some of our borrowers as evidenced by the higher delinquencies and NCOs experienced over the past three years. We do not anticipate any meaningful economic improvement in the near-term. All of these factors are impacting consumer confidence, as well as business investments and acquisitions. Given the combination of these noted factors, we believe that our ACL is appropriate and its coverage level is reflective of the quality of our portfolio and the operating environment.

 

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The table below reflects the allocation of our ACL among our various loan categories during each of the past five quarters:
Table 33 — Allocation of Allowance for Credit Losses (1)
                                                                                 
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   June 30,     March 31,     December 31,     September 30,     June 30,  
 
               
Commercial
                                                                               
Commercial and industrial
  $ 281,016       35 %   $ 299,564       35 %   $ 340,614       34 %   $ 353,431       33 %   $ 426,767       34 %
Commercial real estate
    463,874       16       511,068       17       588,251       18       654,219       18       695,778       19  
 
                                                           
Total commercial
    744,890       51       810,632       52       928,865       52       1,007,650       51       1,122,545       53  
 
                                                           
Consumer
                                                                               
Automobile
    55,428       16       50,862       15       49,488       15       44,505       14       41,762       13  
Home equity
    146,444       20       149,370       20       150,630       20       154,323       21       117,708       20  
Residential mortgage
    98,992       12       96,741       12       93,289       12       93,407       12       79,105       12  
Other consumer
    25,372       1       25,621       1       26,736       1       36,467       2       41,040       2  
 
                                                           
Total consumer
    326,236       49       322,594       48       320,143       48       328,702       49       279,615       47  
 
                                                           
Total allowance for loan and lease losses
    1,071,126       100 %     1,133,226       100 %     1,249,008       100 %     1,336,352       100 %     1,402,160       100 %
 
                                                           
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments
    41,060               42,211               42,127               40,061               39,689          
 
                                                           
Total allowance for credit losses
  $ 1,112,186             $ 1,175,437             $ 1,291,135             $ 1,376,413             $ 1,441,849          
 
                                                           
(1)   Percentages represent the percentage of each loan and lease category to total loans and leases.
The consumer-related ALLL at June 30, 2011, increased $6.1 million, or 2%, from December 31, 2010, primarily reflecting increased loan-related balances over the first six-month period of 2011. The home equity-related ALLL decreased slightly as a result of lower delinquency levels, and to a lesser extent, improvement in the weighted average FICO score for the portfolio.
The table below reflects activity in the ALLL and AULC for the first six-month periods ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.
Table 34 — Year to Date Allowance for Credit Losses Analysis
                 
    Six Months Ended June 30,  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   2011     2010  
Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period
  $ 1,249,008     $ 1,482,479  
Loan and lease losses
    (327,708 )     (577,176 )
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off
    65,091       59,467  
 
           
Net loan and lease losses
    (262,617 )     (517,709 )
Provision for loan and lease losses
    86,249       437,604  
Allowance for assets sold
    (1,514 )     (214 )
 
           
Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period
  $ 1,071,126     $ 1,402,160  
 
           
 
               
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit, beginning of period
  $ 42,127     $ 48,879  
Provision for (reduction in) unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit losses
    (1,067 )     (9,190 )
Allowance for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit, end of period
  $ 41,060     $ 39,689  
 
           
Total allowance for credit losses
  $ 1,112,186     $ 1,441,849  
 
           
Allowance for loan and lease losses as % of:
               
Total loans and leases
    2.74 %     3.79 %
Nonaccrual loans and leases
    174       117  
Nonperforming assets
    164       89  
 
               
Total allowance for credit losses as % of:
               
Total loans and leases
    2.84 %     3.90 %
Nonaccrual loans and leases
    181       120  
Nonperforming assets
    170       91  

 

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NCOs
(This section should be read in conjunction with Significant Item 2 and the Franklin-related Impacts section.)
Any loan in any portfolio may be charged-off prior to the policies described below if a loss confirming event has occurred. Loss confirming events include, but are not limited to, bankruptcy (unsecured), continued delinquency, foreclosure, or receipt of an asset valuation indicating a collateral deficiency and that asset is the sole source of repayment.
C&I and CRE loans are either charged-off or written down to net realizable value at 90-days past due. Automobile loans and other consumer loans are charged-off at 120-days past due. First-lien and second-lien home equity loans are charged-off to the estimated fair value of the collateral at 150-days past due and 120-days past due, respectively. Residential mortgages are charged-off to the estimated fair value of the collateral at 150-days past due.

 

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The following table reflects NCO detail for each of the last five quarters.
Table 35 — Quarterly Net Charge-off Analysis
                                         
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   Second     First     Fourth     Third     Second  
Net charge-offs by loan and lease type:
                                       
Commercial:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 18,704     $ 42,191     $ 59,124     $ 62,241     $ 58,128  
Commercial real estate:
                                       
Construction
    4,145       28,400       11,084       17,936       45,562  
Commercial
    23,450       39,283       33,787       45,725       36,169  
 
                             
Commercial real estate
    27,595       67,683       44,871       63,661       81,731  
 
                             
Total commercial
    46,299       109,874       103,995       125,902       139,859  
 
                             
Consumer:
                                       
Automobile
    2,255       4,712       7,035       5,570       5,436  
Home equity(1)
    25,441       26,715       29,175       27,827       44,470  
Residential mortgage(2), (3)
    16,455       18,932       26,775       18,961       82,848  
Other consumer
    7,084       4,850       5,271       6,254       6,615  
 
                             
Total consumer
    51,235       55,209       68,256       58,612       139,369  
 
                             
Total net charge-offs
  $ 97,534     $ 165,083     $ 172,251     $ 184,514     $ 279,228  
 
                             
Net charge-offs — annualized percentages:
                                       
Commercial:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
    0.56 %     1.29 %     1.85 %     2.01 %     1.90 %
Commercial real estate:
                                       
Construction
    2.99       18.59       6.19       7.25       14.25  
Commercial
    1.65       2.66       2.22       3.01       2.38  
 
                             
Commercial real estate
    1.77       4.15       2.64       3.60       4.44  
 
                             
Total commercial
    0.94       2.24       2.13       2.59       2.85  
 
                             
Consumer:
                                       
Automobile
    0.15       0.33       0.51       0.43       0.47  
Home equity(1)
    1.29       1.38       1.51       1.47       2.36  
Residential mortgage(2), (3)
    1.44       1.70       2.42       1.73       7.19  
Other consumer
    5.27       3.47       3.66       3.83       3.81  
 
                             
Total consumer
    1.08       1.20       1.50       1.32       3.19  
 
                             
Net charge-offs as a % of average loans
    1.01 %     1.73 %     1.82 %     1.98 %     3.01 %
 
                             
(1)   The 2010 second quarter included net charge-offs totaling $14,678 thousand associated with the transfer of Franklin-related home equity loans to loans held for sale and $1,262 thousand of other Franklin-related net charge-offs.
 
(2)   The 2010 second quarter included net charge-offs totaling $60,822 thousand associated with the transfer of Franklin-related residential mortgage loans to loans held for sale and $3,403 thousand of other Franklin-related net charge-offs.
 
(3)   The 2010 fourth quarter included net charge-offs of $16,389 thousand related to the sale of certain underperforming residential mortgage loans.
In assessing NCO trends, it is helpful to understand the process of how these loans are treated as they deteriorate over time. The allowance for loans established at origination is consistent with the level of risk associated with the original underwriting. As a part of our normal portfolio management process for commercial loans, the loan is periodically reviewed and the allowance is increased or decreased as warranted. If the quality of a loan has deteriorated, it migrates to a lower quality risk rating, requiring a higher reserve amount. Charge-offs, if necessary, are generally recognized in a period after the specific allowance was established. If the previously established allowance exceeds that needed to satisfactorily resolve the problem loan, a reduction in the overall level of the allowance could be recognized. In summary, if loan quality deteriorates, the typical credit sequence would be periods of allowance building, followed by periods of higher NCOs as the previously established allowance is utilized. Additionally, an increase in the allowance either precedes or is in conjunction with increases in NALs. When a loan is classified as NAL, it is evaluated for specific allowance or charge-off. As a result, an increase in NALs does not necessarily result in an increase in the allowance or an expectation of higher future NCOs.

 

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2011 Second Quarter versus 2011 First Quarter
C&I NCOs declined $23.5 million, or 56%. CRE NCOs decreased $40.1 million, or 59%. These declines were evident across our geographic footprint and generally associated with small relationships. The performance of both portfolios was consistent with our expectations. Based on asset quality trends, we continue to anticipate this lower level of CRE NCOs in future quarters.
Automobile NCOs declined $2.5 million, or 52%, and reflected historically lower delinquency levels during the current quarter, the continued high credit quality of originations, and a strong resale market for used vehicles.
Home equity NCOs declined $1.3 million, or 5%. This performance was consistent with our expectations for the portfolio given the economic conditions in our markets. We continue to manage the default rate through focused delinquency monitoring as virtually all defaults for second-lien home equity loans incur significant losses primarily due to insufficient equity in the collateral property.
Residential mortgage NCOs declined $2.5 million, or 13%. The current quarter included Franklin-related net charge-offs of $0.6 million, and the prior quarter included $6.8 million of NCOs related to a change in loss recognition policy (see Consumer Credit section) and Franklin-related net recoveries of $3.1 million. Excluding these impacts, residential mortgage NCOs increased $0.7 million, consistent with our expectations.
The following table reflects NCO activity for the first six-month periods ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.

 

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Table 36 — Year to Date Net Charge-off Analysis
                 
    Six Months Ended June 30,  
(dollar amounts in thousands)   2011     2010  
Net charge-offs by loan and lease type:
               
Commercial:
               
Commercial and industrial
  $ 60,895     $ 133,567  
Commercial real estate:
               
Construction
    32,545       79,988  
Commercial
    62,733       87,042  
 
           
Commercial real estate
    95,278       167,030  
 
           
Total commercial
    156,173       300,597  
 
           
Consumer:
               
 
       
Automobile
    6,967       13,967  
Home equity(1)
    52,156       82,371  
Residential mortgage(2)
    35,387       107,159  
Other loans
    11,934       13,615  
 
           
Total consumer
    106,444       217,112  
 
           
Total net charge-offs
  $ 262,617     $ 517,709  
 
           
 
               
Net charge-offs — annualized percentages:
               
Commercial:
               
Commercial and industrial
    0.92 %     2.18 %
Commercial real estate:
               
Construction
    11.18       11.90  
Commercial
    2.17       2.82  
 
           
Commercial real estate
    2.99       4.44  
 
           
Total commercial
    1.59       3.04  
 
           
Consumer:
               
 
       
Automobile
    0.24       0.63  
Home equity(1)
    1.34       2.18  
Residential mortgage(2)
    1.57       4.72  
Other loans
    4.36       3.84  
 
           
Total consumer
    1.14       2.52  
 
           
Net charge-offs as a % of average loans
    1.37 %     2.80 %
 
           
(1)   The 2010 first six-month period included net charge-offs totaling $14,678 thousand associated with the transfer of Franklin-related home equity loans to loans held for sale and $4,991 thousand of other Franklin-related net charge-offs.
 
(2)   The 2010 first six-month period included net charge-offs totaling $60,822 thousand associated with the transfer of Franklin-related residential mortgage loans to loans held for sale and $11,525 thousand of other Franklin-related net charge-offs.
2011 First Six Months versus 2010 First Six Months
C&I NCOs decreased $72.7 million, or 54%. CRE NCOs decreased $71.8 million, or 43%. These declines primarily reflected significant credit quality improvement in the underlying portfolio as well as our on-going proactive credit management practices.
Automobile NCOs decreased $7.0 million, or 50%, reflected our consistent high quality origination profile, as well as a continued strong market for used automobiles. This focus on origination quality has been the primary driver for the improvement in this portfolio in the current period compared with the year-ago period. Origination quality remained high.

 

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Home equity NCOs declined $30.2 million, or 37%. The first six-month period of 2010 included $19.7 million of Franklin-related NCOs compared with no Franklin-related NCOs in the current period. Excluding the Franklin-related impacts, home equity NCOs decreased $10.5 million compared with the first six-month period of 2010. The performance was consistent with our expectations for the portfolio.
Residential mortgage NCOs declined $71.8 million, or 67%. The first six-month period of 2010 included $72.3 million of Franklin-related net charge-offs, while the first six-month period of 2011 included $6.8 million of NCOs related to a change in loss recognition policy (see Consumer Credit section) and Franklin-related net recoveries of $2.5 million. Excluding these impacts, residential mortgage NCOs decreased $3.8 million compared with the first six-month period of 2010. The performance was consistent with our expectations for the portfolio.
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE AND OTHER SECURITIES PORTFOLIO
(This section should be read in conjunction with Note 4 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.)
During the first six-month period of 2011, we recorded $4.3 million of credit OTTI losses. This amount was comprised of $3.2 million related to the pooled-trust-preferred securities, $0.9 million related to the CMO securities, and $0.2 million related to the Alt-A mortgage-backed securities. Given the continued disruption in the housing markets, we may be required to recognize additional credit OTTI losses in future periods with respect to our available-for-sale and other securities portfolio. The amount and timing of any additional credit OTTI will depend on the decline in the underlying cash flows of the securities. If our intent to hold temporarily impaired securities changes in future periods, we may be required to recognize noncredit OTTI through income, which will negatively impact earnings.
Alt-A Mortgage-Backed, Pooled-Trust-Preferred, and Private-Label CMO Securities
Our three highest risk segments of our investment portfolio are the Alt-A mortgage-backed, pooled-trust-preferred, and private-label CMO portfolios. The Alt-A mortgage-backed securities and pooled-trust-preferred securities are in the asset-backed securities portfolio. The performance of the underlying securities in each of these segments continued to reflect the economic environment. Each of these securities in these three segments is subjected to a rigorous review of its projected cash flows. These reviews are supported with analysis from independent third parties.
The following table presents the credit ratings for our Alt-A mortgage-backed, pooled-trust-preferred, and private label CMO securities as of June 30, 2011:
Table 37 — Credit Ratings of Selected Investment Securities (1)
                                                         
    Amortized             Average Credit Rating of Fair Value Amount  
(dollar amounts in millions)   Cost     Fair Value     AAA     AA +/-     A +/-     BBB +/-     <BBB-  
Private-label CMO securities
  $ 97.7     $ 88.8     $ 3.3     $ 6.6     $ 20.5     $ 8.2     $ 50.2  
Alt-A mortgage-backed securities
    62.1       55.5             26.4       10.9             18.2  
Pooled-trust-preferred securities
    228.7       110.3                   26.3             84.0  
Total at June 30, 2011
  $ 388.5     $ 254.6     $ 3.3     $ 33.0     $ 57.7     $ 8.2     $ 152.4  
 
                                         
Total at December 31, 2010
  $ 435.8     $ 284.6     $ 41.2     $ 33.8     $ 29.7     $ 15.1     $ 164.8  
 
                                         
(1)   Credit ratings reflect the lowest current rating assigned by a nationally recognized credit rating agency.
Negative changes to the above credit ratings would generally result in an increase of our risk-weighted assets, and a reduction to our regulatory capital ratios.
The following table summarizes the relevant characteristics of our pooled-trust-preferred securities portfolio at June 30, 2011. Each security is part of a pool of issuers and supports a more senior tranche of securities except for the I-Pre TSL II, MM Comm II and MM Comm III securities which are the most senior class.

 

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Table 38 — Trust-preferred Securities Data
June 30, 2011
(dollar amounts in thousands)
                                                                         
                                                    Actual              
                                                    Deferrals     Expected        
                                                    and     Defaults        
                                            # of Issuers     Defaults     as a % of        
                                    Lowest     Currently     as a % of     Remaining        
            Amortized     Fair     Unrealized     Credit     Performing/     Original     Performing     Excess  
Deal Name   Par Value     Cost     Value     Loss     Rating(2)     Remaining(3)     Collateral     Collateral     Subordination(4)  
Alesco II(1)
  $ 41,447     $ 31,540     $ 11,249     $ (20,291 )     C       32/38       14 %     16 %     %
Alesco IV(1)
    20,864       8,243       459       (7,784 )     C       31/42       17       26        
ICONS
    20,000       20,000       13,418       (6,582 )   BB       28/29       3       13       56  
I-Pre TSL II
    36,680       36,582       26,329       (10,253 )     A       27/28       3       11       74  
MM Comm II
    20,970       20,041       19,712       (329 )   BB       4/7       5       3       17  
MM Comm III
    11,081       10,587       7,344       (3,243 )   CC       6/11       7       12       28  
Pre TSL IX(1)
    5,014       3,995       1,561       (2,434 )     C       33/48       27       22        
Pre TSL X(1)
    17,684       9,915       3,475       (6,440 )     C       35/55       40       29        
Pre TSL XI(1)
    25,362       22,725       7,647       (15,078 )     C       44/64       29       21        
Pre TSL XIII(1)
    28,073       22,703       7,653       (15,050 )     C       45/65       31       22        
Reg Diversified(1)
    25,500       7,499       484       (7,015 )     D       23/44       46       34        
Soloso(1)
    12,500       3,906       721       (3,185 )     C       42/68       29       21        
Tropic III
    31,000       31,000       10,232       (20,768 )   CC       25/45       39       28       28  
 
                                                               
Total
  $ 296,175     $ 228,736     $ 110,284     $ (118,452 )                                        
 
                                                               
(1)   Security was determined to have OTTI. As such, the book value is net of recorded credit impairment.
 
(2)   For purposes of comparability, the lowest credit rating expressed is equivalent to Fitch ratings even where the lowest rating is based on another nationally recognized credit rating agency.
 
(3)   Includes both banks and/or insurance companies.
 
(4)   Excess subordination percentage represents the additional defaults in excess of both current and projected defaults that the CDO can absorb before the bond experiences credit impairment. Excess subordinated percentage is calculated by (a) determining what percentage of defaults a deal can experience before the bond has credit impairment, and (b) subtracting from this default breakage percentage both total current and expected future default percentages.
Market Risk
Market risk represents the risk of loss due to changes in market values of assets and liabilities. We incur market risk in the normal course of business through exposures to market interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, credit spreads, and expected lease residual values. We have identified two primary sources of market risk: interest rate risk and price risk.
Interest Rate Risk
OVERVIEW
Interest rate risk is the risk to earnings and value arising from changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk arises from timing differences in the repricings and maturities of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities (reprice risk), changes in the expected maturities of assets and liabilities arising from embedded options, such as borrowers’ ability to prepay residential mortgage loans at any time and depositors’ ability to redeem certificates of deposit before maturity (option risk), changes in the shape of the yield curve where interest rates increase or decrease in a non-parallel fashion (yield curve risk), and changes in spread relationships between different yield curves, such as U.S. Treasuries and LIBOR (basis risk).
INCOME SIMULATION AND ECONOMIC VALUE ANALYSIS
Interest rate risk measurement is performed monthly. Two broad approaches to modeling interest rate risk are employed: income simulation and economic value analysis. An income simulation analysis is used to measure the sensitivity of forecasted ISE to changes in market rates over a one-year time period. Although bank owned life insurance, automobile operating lease assets, and excess cash balances held at the Federal Reserve Bank are classified as noninterest-earning assets, and the net revenue from these assets is recorded in noninterest income and noninterest expense, these portfolios are included in the interest sensitivity analysis because they have attributes similar to interest-earning assets. EVE analysis is used to measure the sensitivity of the values of period-end assets and liabilities to changes in market interest rates. EVE analysis serves as a complement to ISE analysis as it provides risk exposure estimates for time periods beyond the one-year simulation period.

 

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The models used for these measurements take into account prepayment speeds on mortgage loans, mortgage-backed securities, and consumer installment loans, as well as cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Balance sheet growth assumptions are also considered in the ISE analysis. The models include the effects of derivatives, such as interest rate swaps, caps, floors, and other types of interest rate options.
The baseline scenario for ISE analysis, with which all other scenarios are compared, is based on market interest rates implied by the prevailing yield curve as of the period-end. Alternative interest rate scenarios are then compared with the baseline scenario. These alternative interest rate scenarios include parallel rate shifts on both a gradual and an immediate basis, movements in interest rates that alter the shape of the yield curve (e.g., flatter or steeper yield curve), and no changes in current interest rates for the entire measurement period. Scenarios are also developed to measure short-term repricing risks, such as the impact of LIBOR-based interest rates rising or falling faster than the prime rate.
The simulations for evaluating short-term interest rate risk exposure are scenarios that model gradual +/-100 and +/-200 basis points parallel shifts in market interest rates over the next one-year period beyond the interest rate change implied by the current yield curve. We assumed market interest rates would not fall below 0% over the next one-year period for the scenarios that used the -100 and -200 basis points parallel shift in market interest rates. The table below shows the results of the scenarios as of June 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010. All of the positions were within the board of directors’ policy limits as of June 30, 2011.
Table 39 — Interest Sensitive Earnings at Risk
                                 
    Interest Sensitive Earnings at Risk (%)  
Basis point change scenario
    -200       -100       +100       +200  
 
                       
Board policy limits
    -4.0 %     -2.0 %     -2.0 %     -4.0 %
 
                       
June 30, 2011
    -2.5       -1.5       1.3       1.9  
December 31, 2010
    -3.2       -1.8       0.3       0.0  
The ISE at risk reported as of June 30, 2011, for the +200 basis points scenario shows a significant change to an asset sensitive near-term interest rate risk position compared with December 31, 2010. The ALCO’s strategy is to be near-term asset-sensitive to a rising rate scenario. The primary factor contributing to this change is the 2011 first quarter termination of $4.6 billion of interest rate swaps maturing through June 2012.
The following table shows the income sensitivity of select portfolios to changes in market interest rates. A portfolio with 100% sensitivity would indicate that interest income and expense will change with the same magnitude and direction as interest rates. A portfolio with 0% sensitivity is insensitive to changes in interest rates. For the +200 basis points scenario, total interest-sensitive income is 37.7% sensitive to changes in market interest rates, while total interest-sensitive expense is 41.1% sensitive to changes in market interest rates. However, net interest income at risk for the +200 basis points scenario has an asset-sensitive near-term interest rate risk position because of the larger base of total interest-sensitive income relative to total interest-sensitive expense.
Table 40 — Interest Income/Expense Sensitivity
                                         
    Percent of     Percent Change in Interest Income/Expense for a Given  
    Total Earning     Change in Interest Rates  
    Assets (1)     Over / (Under) Base Case Parallel Ramp  
Basis point change scenario
            -200       -100       +100       +200  
 
                               
Total loans
    81 %     -17.6 %     -24.3 %     42.1 %     41.9 %
Total investments and other earning assets
    19       -16.3       -21.0       34.3       24.6  
Total interest sensitive income
            -16.9       -23.0       39.6       37.7  
 
               
Total interest-bearing deposits
    67       -11.0       -15.7       37.2       37.1  
Total borrowings
    11       -13.8       -26.6       58.7       61.6  
Total interest-sensitive expense
            -11.5       -17.5       40.7       41.1  
(1)   At June 30, 2011.

 

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The primary simulations for EVE at risk assume immediate +/-100 and +/-200 basis points parallel shifts in market interest rates beyond the interest rate change implied by the current yield curve. The table below outlines the June 30, 2011, results compared with December 31, 2010. All of the positions were within the board of directors’ policy limits.
Table 41 — Economic Value of Equity at Risk
                                 
    Economic Value of Equity at Risk (%)  
Basis point change scenario
    -200       -100       +100       +200  
 
                       
Board policy limits
    -12.0 %     -5.0 %     -5.0 %     -12.0 %
 
               
June 30, 2011
    -1.4       1.4       -2.9       -6.8  
December 31, 2010
    -0.5       1.3       -4.0       -8.9  
The EVE at risk reported as of June 30, 2011, for the +200 basis points scenario shows a change to a lower long-term liability sensitive position compared with December 31, 2010. The primary factor contributing to this change is the 2011 first quarter termination of $4.6 billion of interest rate swaps maturing through June 2012.
The following table shows the economic value sensitivity of select portfolios to changes in market interest rates. The change in economic value for each portfolio is measured as the percent change from the base economic value for that portfolio. For the +200 basis points scenario, total net tangible assets decreased in value 3.4% to changes in market interest rates, while total net tangible liabilities increased in value 2.8% to changes in market interest rates.
Table 42 — Economic Value Sensitivity
                                         
    Percent of        
    Total Net     Percent Change in Economic Value for a Given  
    Tangible     Change in Interest Rates  
    Assets (1)     Over / (Under) Base Case Parallel Shocks  
Basis point change scenario
            -200       -100       +100       +200  
 
                               
Total loans
    74 %     1.4 %     1.1 %     -1.4 %     -2.7 %
Total investments and other earning assets
    17       3.8       2.7       -3.3       -6.6  
Total net tangible assets (2)
            1.8       1.4       -1.6       -3.4  
 
               
Total deposits
    78       -2.6       -1.4       1.5       3.0  
Total borrowings
    10       -1.4       -0.8       0.7       1.4  
Total net tangible liabilities (3)
            -2.4       -1.4       1.4       2.8  
(1)   At June 30, 2011.
 
(2)   Tangible assets excluding ALLL.
 
(3)   Tangible liabilities excluding AULC.
MSRs
(This section should be read in conjunction with Note 6 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.)
At June 30, 2011, we had a total of $189.7 million of capitalized MSRs representing the right to service $16.3 billion in mortgage loans. Of this $189.7 million, $105.0 million was recorded using the fair value method, and $84.7 million was recorded using the amortization method. When we actively engage in hedging, the MSR asset is recorded using the fair value method.
MSR fair values are very sensitive to movements in interest rates as expected future net servicing income depends on the projected outstanding principal balances of the underlying loans, which can be greatly reduced by prepayments. Prepayments usually increase when mortgage interest rates decline and decrease when mortgage interest rates rise. We have employed strategies to reduce the risk of MSR fair value changes or impairment. In addition, we engage a third party to provide valuation tools and assistance with our strategies with the objective to decrease the volatility from MSR fair value changes. However, volatile changes in interest rates can diminish the effectiveness of these hedges. We typically report MSR fair value adjustments net of hedge-related trading activity in the mortgage banking income category of noninterest income. Changes in fair value between reporting dates are recorded as an increase or a decrease in mortgage banking income.

 

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MSRs recorded using the amortization method generally relate to loans originated with historically low interest rates, resulting in a lower probability of prepayments and, ultimately, impairment. MSR assets are included in other assets and presented in Table 12 and Table 16.
Price Risk
Price risk represents the risk of loss arising from adverse movements in the prices of financial instruments that are carried at fair value and are subject to fair value accounting. We have price risk from trading securities, securities owned by our broker-dealer subsidiaries, foreign exchange positions, equity investments, investments in securities backed by mortgage loans, and marketable equity securities held by our insurance subsidiaries. We have established loss limits on the trading portfolio, on the amount of foreign exchange exposure that can be maintained, and on the amount of marketable equity securities that can be held by the insurance subsidiaries.
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk of loss due to the possibility that funds may not be available to satisfy current or future commitments resulting from external macro market issues, investor and customer perception of financial strength, and events unrelated to us, such as war, terrorism, or financial institution market specific issues. We manage liquidity risk at both the Bank and the parent company.
Bank Liquidity and Sources of Liquidity
Our primary sources of funding for the Bank are retail and commercial core deposits. At June 30, 2011, these core deposits funded 74% of total assets. At June 30, 2011, total core deposits represented 95% of total deposits, an increase from 93% at December 31, 2010.
Core deposits are comprised of interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing demand deposits, money market deposits, savings and other domestic deposits, consumer certificates of deposit both over and under $250,000, and nonconsumer certificates of deposit less than $250,000. Noncore deposits consist of brokered money market deposits and certificates of deposit, foreign time deposits, and other domestic deposits of $250,000 or more comprised primarily of public fund certificates of deposit more than $250,000.
Core deposits may increase our need for liquidity as certificates of deposit mature or are withdrawn before maturity and as nonmaturity deposits, such as checking and savings account balances, are withdrawn.
Demand deposit overdrafts that have been reclassified as loan balances were $15.9 million, $13.1 million, and $18.2 million at June 30, 2011, December 31, 2010, and June 30, 2010, respectively.
Other domestic time deposits of $250,000 or more and brokered deposits and negotiable CDs totaled $1.9 billion, $2.2 billion, and $2.1 billion at June 30, 2011, December 31, 2010, and June 30, 2010, respectively.

 

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The following tables reflect deposit composition and short-term borrowings detail for each of the past five quarters:
Table 43 — Deposit Composition
                                                                                 
    2011     2010  
(dollar amounts in millions)   June 30,     March 31,     December 31,     September 30,     June 30,  
By Type
                                                                               
Demand deposits — noninterest-bearing
  $ 8,210       20 %   $ 7,597       18 %   $ 7,217       17 %   $ 6,926       17 %   $ 6,463       16 %
Demand deposits — interest-bearing
    5,642       14       5,532       13       5,469       13       5,347       13       5,850       15  
Money market deposits
    12,643       31       13,105       32       13,410       32       12,679       31       11,437       29  
Savings and other domestic deposits
    4,752       11       4,762       12       4,643       11       4,613       11       4,652       12  
Core certificates of deposit
    7,936       19       8,208       20       8,525       20       8,765       21       8,974       23  
 
                                                           
Total core deposits
    39,183       95       39,204       95       39,264       93       38,330       93       37,376       95  
Other domestic deposits of $250,000 or more
    436       1       531       1       675       2       730       2       678       2  
Brokered deposits and negotiable CDs
    1,486       4       1,253       3       1,532       4       1,576       4       1,373       3  
Deposits in foreign offices
    297             378       1       383       1       436       1       422        
 
                                                           
 
                                                                               
Total deposits
  $ 41,402       100 %   $ 41,366       100 %   $ 41,854       100 %   $ 41,072       100 %